JPH06174084A - Gear shifting configuration for small electric motor car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to inform a driver of whether or not gear shifting to each specified step of gear shifting is properly actuated, or make it impossible for a motor car to be started unless gear shifting to each specified step of gear shifting is properly actuated. CONSTITUTION:In the gear shifting configuration for a small electric motor car equipped with a braking means, and with a gear shift type transmission T including a plurality of steps of gear shifting, detection means 32 and 33 detecting whether or not the transmission T is in a normal meshing condition, are set up every step of gear shifting, and concurrently an information drive operating means is provided, which actuates an information drive informing of that gear shifting has been properly actuated, when it is detected by the detection means 32 and 33 that the transmission T is in a proper meshing condition while the braking means is in operation. Moreover, a gear shift actuation regulating means 39 is provided, which disables a gear shift actuating member 22 actuating the transmission T for gear shifting from following its gear shift actuation when the braking means is shut down, but enables the gear shift actuating member 22 to follow its gear shift actuation when the braking means is in operation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a speed change structure for a small electric vehicle equipped with a braking device and a gear shift type speed change device having a plurality of gear stages.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a gear shifting structure for a small electric vehicle of this type has a structure in which a plurality of gears for gear shifting and a shift gear selectively linked to the gears are provided. there were.

[0003]

Therefore, in the prior art, the tooth portions of the occlusal member configured to interlockly connect the gear and the shift gear located at a predetermined gear position are not butted against each other. Nevertheless, it may be mistakenly recognized as a gear change and the vehicle may start. In such a case, if the gear shift operation tool is re-operated so that the gear and the shift gear are interlocked by performing gear shift operation again on a level ground, the gear can be correctly operated in a desired gear shift state.
For example, if you try to start when the teeth of the occlusal member do not occlude properly by shifting gears in the middle of a sloping ground, you will unnecessarily go down the sloping ground and return to the original slope. There was a problem. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to inform the operator whether or not the gear shift operation is correctly performed at a predetermined gear position, or the gear shift operation is correctly performed at a predetermined gear position. An object of the present invention is to provide a speed change structure for a small electric vehicle that can prevent the vehicle from starting unless it has been made.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the speed change structure for a small electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the present invention has the structure described above, in which the speed change device is in a normal occlusal transmission state. The detection means for detecting the shift is installed at each shift stage, and when the detection means detects that the transmission is in the normal occlusal transmission state when the braking device is in the operating state, the shift is normally performed. It is characterized that an informing device operating means for activating an informing device for informing that it is provided is provided. Further, in the speed change structure of the small electric vehicle according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the braking device is in the non-operating state, the speed change operation of the speed change operating member that disables the speed change device is disabled so that the braking device is in the operating state. At this time, it is characterized in that a shift operation restricting means for enabling the shift operation of the shift operation member is provided. The operation and effect of this characteristic configuration are as follows.

[0005]

That is, as in the first aspect of the present invention, if the vehicle is started after confirming the notification by the notification device for notifying that the gear shift has been normally performed, the gear shift will not be started in an abnormal state.
Further, as in the second aspect of the invention, the gear change operation is enabled when the braking device is in the operating state, and the gear change operation of the gear changing operation member is disabled when the braking device is in the non-operating state, so that the gear change operation is stopped. You will be obliged to do it only when braking,
For example, when a gear shift operation is performed in the middle of a slope or the like, the gear shift operation is performed without loosening the braking of the vehicle body, so that it is possible to avoid the vehicle body from unduly descending on a sloping ground during the gear shift operation.

[0006]

Therefore, by calling attention so that the driver does not start unless the speed change operation is not reliably performed, for example, when the speed change operation is performed in the middle of a slope or the like, the vehicle is started without being surely changed, and the road is unjustly moved. We were able to solve the problem of falling.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 shows a small electric vehicle. This small electric vehicle has a front wheel 2 which is steered by operating a steering wheel 1.
And a pair of left and right rear wheels 4 and 4 driven by the electric motor 3.
Is supported by the vehicle body frame 5, and the upper side of the rear wheels 4, 4 is provided with a seat 6, a pair of left and right batteries 7, 7, and a control device 8.

As shown in FIG. 1, the axles 11, 11 are concentrically extended from the left and right sides of a transmission case 10 having a diff mechanism 9 for distributing and transmitting the power from the electric motor 3 to the left and right. Axle cases 12, 12 are flange-connected to the transmission case 10 in a state of surrounding the axles 11, 11, respectively. A brake case is flange-connected to the end portions of the axle cases 12 and 12, and the axles 11 and 11 are supported at the connection portions of the axle cases 12 and 12 and the brake case via bearings 13 and 13, respectively. And the axles 11, 11
The rear wheels 4, 4 are connected to the outside of the brake drum connected to the ends of the rear wheels. The mission case 10, the axle cases 12, 12 and the rear wheels 4, 4 are supported by the vehicle body frame 5 via suspension structures 14, 14.

As shown in FIG. 1, the electric motor 3 is connected and fixed to a mission case 10, and the deceleration output shaft 3 of the electric motor 3 facing the inside of the mission case 10.
An intermediate shaft 15 provided with a gear meshing with the gear a is rotatably supported on the mission case 10. On the other hand, small-diameter and large-diameter input gears 17a and 17b are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the axle around the outer periphery of the differential case 16 which constitutes the differential mechanism 9. As shown in FIG. 4, the intermediate shaft 15 has a first gear that is constantly meshed with the input gear 17b.
The transmission gear 18 is externally fitted in an idling state, and the shift gear 19 is fitted to the spline formed on the intermediate shaft 15 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The shift gear 19 is configured to be shiftable between a position where it is directly meshed with the input gear 17a and a position where the first transmission gear 18 and the spline clutch structure are interlockingly connected, and at an intermediate position thereof, That is, input gear 1
A ball detent mechanism 20 is provided so that the ball detent mechanism 20 can hold its position at the neutral position where the connection state between 7a and the first transmission gear 18 is released. Here, the input gears 19a and 19b, the intermediate shaft 1
5, the shift gear 19, and the first transmission gear 18 constitute a gear shift type transmission T. In order to shift the shift gear 19, a shift fork 21 is engaged with the shift gear 19, and the shift fork 21 is supported by the transmission case 10 so as to be slidably guided along the lateral direction of the machine body. And the operation rod 22 exposed to the outside of the mission case, and is connected to the end of the operation rod 22 exposed to the outside of the mission case 10 so as to be rotatable around the longitudinal axis Y. One side arm of the crank-shaped linking member 23 is linked, and the linking rod 24 along the front-rear direction is linked to the other arm of the linking member 23 through the long hole interchange. The front end portion of the linking rod 24 is linked to a gear shift operation lever 26 that is supported at a side portion of the seat 6 of the cover member 25 that covers the battery 7 and the like so as to be swingable around the horizontal axis P.

As shown in FIG. 6, the steering handle 1 is provided with a pair of left and right grips 27, 27, a brake lever 28, and an accelerator lever 29 which can be gripped together with the grips 27, 27. A potentiometer 30 for detecting the operation amount of the accelerator lever 29 is provided on the panel portion 1a of the steering handle 1, and a detection signal from the potentiometer 30 is input to the control device 8. The control device 8 is configured to perform a shift control of the electric motor 3 based on the input signal, and the accelerator lever 29 is maintained in a non-shift operation position, that is, the electric motor 3 is kept stopped. The brake mechanism 31 as a braking device incorporated in the electric motor 3 is braked on the basis of a signal from the potentiometer 30 when it is in the operation position, and the accelerator lever 29 is shifted from the non-shift operation position to the position where the shift operation is performed. At a certain time, the brake mechanism 31 is electrically switched to the braking release state. The brake lever 28 is linked to a brake device (not shown) provided at a connecting portion between the rear wheel 4 and the axle 11 by a release wire or the like so as to mechanically operate the brake device. A brake switch 40, which is a limit switch for detecting a state in which the lever 28 is rocked to operate, is provided, and a signal from the brake switch 40 is input to the control device 8.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a first limit switch 32 and a second limit switch 33 are installed as detecting means which are turned on and off by the operating rod 22. That is, the first limit switch 32 is arranged close to the mission case 10, and the second limit switch 33 is arranged farther from the mission case 10 than the first limit switch 32 is. Then, when the transmission T is operated at a high speed, the first limit switch 32, the second limit switch 32
When both the limit switches 33 are in the off state and the transmission T is in the neutral state, the first limit switch 32 is in the on state, the second limit switch 33 is in the off state, and when the transmission T is operated at a low speed. Both the first limit switch 32 and the second limit switch 33 are in the ON state,
Is input to the control device 8.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a display light emitting element 34 as a notifying device provided in the panel portion 1a for displaying that the gear shift is properly turned on and in the operation state.
Are operably connected to the control device 8. Control device 8
When the signal indicating that the brake mechanism 31 is operating is input and the limit switches 32 and 33 are both in the ON state or in the OFF state, the display light emitting element 34 is activated to emit light and the brake mechanism is operated. The first limit switch 3 regardless of whether or not the operation signal of 31 is input.
When the second limit switch 33 is turned off and the second limit switch 33 is turned off, the light emitting operation of the display light emitting element 34 is stopped. The control device 8 also receives a signal when the brake lever 40 is operated and the brake switch 40 is turned on, and when the limit switches 32 and 33 are both on or off. , The display light-emitting element 3 regardless of the operation position of the accelerator lever 29.
4 is configured to emit light. Here, the control device 8 constitutes an informing device operating means.

Therefore, according to the above configuration, in order to shift the transmission T from the high speed state to the low speed state during traveling, for example, on a slope, the traveling is temporarily stopped and the brake mechanism 31 is operated. When the gear shift operation lever 26 is operated with the mechanical brake device operated by operating the brake lever 28, the shift gear 19 and the first transmission gear 18 or the input gear 17a normally mesh with each other. Then, since the display light emitting element 34 is activated to emit light, it is possible to confirm whether or not the shift is properly switched, and the shift gear 19 and the first transmission gear 18 or the input gear 17a are normally confirmed by the confirmation. When not in mesh,
With the small electric vehicle slightly moved forward or backward, the gear shift operation lever 26 is operated again so that the gear shift can be properly performed. Further, since the control device 8 is always turned off when the brake is not operating, the power consumption of the battery 7 can be suppressed.

Next, the second invention will be described. The description of the same structure of the second invention as that of the first invention is omitted. As shown in FIG. 1, the operation rod 22 serving as the gear shift operation member has two stay portions 3 in the direction in which the operation rod 22 extends and retracts.
Reference numerals 5 and 36 are provided so as to be spaced apart from each other in a state corresponding to the distance corresponding to the shift range of the shift gear 19. Further, a plunger 37 that is electromagnetically operated so as to overlap with each other in the protruding direction and to retract from the overlapping position in the stay portions 35 and 36 is installed. The controller 8 energizes and deenergizes the solenoid 38 for moving the plunger 37 in and out. Control device 8
In the same manner as in the first aspect of the invention, the operation position information of the accelerator lever 29 provided on the steering wheel 1 is obtained by the potentiometer 30 and the operation position information is input to the control device 8, and the brake lever 28 The brake operation state is detected by the brake switch 40, and depending on the detection results, the brake lever 28 is brake-operated when the accelerator lever 29 is not gear-shifted or when the accelerator lever 29 is gear-shifted. In some cases, the electric motor 3 is stopped and the brake mechanism 31 is operated. When the accelerator lever 29 is gear-shifted without the brake lever 28 being operated, the electric motor 3 is driven according to the operation amount. And brake mechanism 3
The operation of No. 1 is configured to be released. When the brake mechanism 31 is not operating, that is, when the small electric vehicle is traveling with the accelerator operated, the plunger 37 moves in the protruding direction of the pair of stay portions 35, 36 so that When the transmission T is in the high speed state, the stay portion 35 and the plunger 37 are restrained from contacting with each other, and when the transmission T is in the low speed state, the stay portion 3 is projected so as to overlap.
6 and the plunger 37 are abutted against each other, and the brake mechanism 3
1 is in operation, that is, when the small electric vehicle is stopped running, the plunger 37 is retracted from the overlapping portion with the stay portions 35 and 36 in the protruding direction of the pair of stay portions 35 and 36. As described above, the control device 8 is configured to control. 1 and 3 show a state in which the transmission T is operated in a neutral state, and in this state, the plunger 37 is drawn out between the stay portion 35 and the stay portion 36. There is. Here, the control device 8, the stay portions 35 and 36, and the plunger 37 constitute a shift operation restricting means 39.

With the above structure, in the second aspect of the invention, when the small electric vehicle is not stopped, that is, when the vehicle is traveling,
Even if the shift operation lever 26 is operated, the stay portion 3
Since the plunger 37 protruding so as to overlap the stay portions 35 and 36 in the protruding direction of the portions 5 and 36 comes into contact with the stay portion 35 or the stay portion 36 and restricts the operation rod 22 from operating and moving, the transmission device T The gear shifting operation of is also in a disabled state. When the brake mechanism 31 is activated and the small electric vehicle is stopped, the plunger 37 retreats from the portion overlapping the stay portions 35 and 36 in the protruding direction of the stay portions 35 and 36, and the operation rod 22 moves. Since the restricted state is released, the operation rod 22 can be operated and moved, and thereby the gear shift operation of the transmission T can be performed.

The present invention may be implemented as follows. (A) The shift gear, the shift fork, the shift operation lever, and the like are targets of the shift operation member. (B) The number of gears should be three or more.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a transverse plan view showing a transmission structure from an electric motor to driving wheels.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control structure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing a detecting means and a shift operation restricting means.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the main parts of the transmission.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a rear portion of a small electric vehicle.

FIG. 6 is an overall side view showing a small electric vehicle

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Notification Device Actuating Means 22 Shift Operating Members 32, 33 Detecting Means 34 Informing Device 39 Shift Operating Restricting Means T Transmission

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A transmission structure for a small electric vehicle comprising a braking device (31) and a gear shift type transmission device (T) having a plurality of gear stages, wherein the transmission device (T) is a regular articulation. Detecting means (32) for detecting that the vehicle is in a transmission state,
(33) is installed for each gear stage, and when the braking device (31) is in an operating state, the transmission device (T)
Is in the normal occlusion transmission state, the detection means (3
(2) and (33) are detected, the shift structure of the small electric vehicle is provided with an alarm device actuating means (8) for activating an alarm device (34) notifying that the gear shift has been normally performed. 2. A transmission structure for a small electric vehicle comprising a braking device (31) and a gear shift type transmission device (T) having a plurality of gear stages, wherein the braking device (31) is in a non-operating state. At this time, the speed change operation member (22) for speed-changing the speed change device (T) is disabled, and when the braking device (31) is in the operating state, the speed change operation member (22).
The speed change structure for a small electric vehicle provided with a speed change operation restricting means (39) for enabling the speed change operation.