JPH06169644A - Method for dipping and hastening germination of seed and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for treating, dipping and germinating a large amount of seeds such as brown rice per unit area under uniform conditions and an apparatus therefor. CONSTITUTION:A large amount of seeds (g) are arranged in a water chamber 2 for a fluidized bed having a supporting part 4 for the fluidized bed and a liquid driving device 3 is operated at any time to produce the flow rate of the fluid for fluidizing the seeds (g). The water stream is applied to the water chamber 2 for the fluidized bed to form the seeds (g) into the fluidized bed. A state in which some interstices are opened among the mutual seeds (g) to flow the water therebetween is obtained. Thereby, parts of continued contact among the mutual seeds can be eliminated. Thereby, even the seeds (g) placed in any position can well be brought into contact with flowing water and water contact conditions with the respective seeds and the whole surface parts of the respective seeds are uniformized. Even under conditions of laminated seeds in a large amount per unit area of the bed, good and uniform dipping and germinating can be obtained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for dipping or germinating seeds such as brown rice and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an apparatus described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-20292 is known as an apparatus for producing brown rice sprouts by germinating brown rice. The gist of this apparatus is to arrange brown rice with a net basket having a large opening ratio in which the bottom and side faces are wire mesh, and to supply water from the bottom of the water tank. This device is intended to promote the germination of brown rice by giving fresh water of a temperature condition suitable for germination of brown rice to the brown rice, but in order to obtain a uniform product, that is, brown rice sprouts in a uniform germination state. However, due to its structure, at most, only 1 to 2 particles can be stacked on the upper surface of each individual piece. That is, when a large amount of brown rice is coordinated in multiple layers, since each brown rice is in close contact with each other, simply supplying water does not allow each brown rice to come into good contact with water under the same conditions, and also the placement of each brown rice. The contact condition with water varies depending on the position of the seed, and it is not possible to give a uniform germination condition.

More specifically, when a large amount of brown rice is coordinated on a wire mesh, it is considered that the amount of water is increased so as to correspond to this. However, as the amount of water was increased, the resistance to water in the wire mesh portion became extremely smaller than the resistance to water in the brown rice layer, and as a result, water was found in the blowout portion at an appropriate position in the brown rice layer. , It flows out intensively from this blow-through part. Therefore,
The brown rice layer is divided into a blow-through part of water and a stagnant part of water, which only causes the latter to rot and cannot give a uniform germination condition to brown rice. As described above, in order to carry out mass production with the above-described conventional apparatus, a wire net having a vast area is required, which is hardly practical.

[0004]

Therefore, the present invention is
A larger amount of seeds such as brown rice per unit area is treated so that the seeds are soaked or germinated under uniform conditions. In the case of germinating a large amount of seeds, promotion of germination of various offspring and / or germination Along with being able to improve the rate, by giving uniform germination conditions to various pups, such as brown rice that can obtain a uniform germination with a processing amount per unit plane of 10 to 100 times or more of the conventional example. An object of the present invention is to provide a seed germination method and an apparatus therefor.

[0005]

Therefore, according to the present invention, in a method for immersing or germinating a large amount of seeds under appropriate water conditions in a fluidized bed water chamber 2 equipped with a fluidized bed support portion 4. In order to fluidize these seeds g by coordinating these seeds g into the fluid bed and by giving a water flow capable of generating a fluid flow rate for fluidized bed to the fluidized bed water chamber 2 at appropriate times. The above problems are solved by providing a characteristic seed soaking / germination method. The second invention of the present application is a fluidized bed provided with a fluidized bed support 4 capable of coordinating these seeds g in an apparatus for immersing or germinating a large amount of seeds under appropriate water conditions. By providing a water dip chamber 2 and a liquid driving device 3 for generating a fluid flow rate capable of converting these seeds g into a fluidized bed at least, a seed soaking / germinating device is provided.
This is to solve the above problems. Here, the germination is
The initial germination state in which the sheath leaves grow slightly. Further, the immersion is a method of contacting seeds with water as a pretreatment for causing germination (germination), and the present invention is intended to perform only soaking that does not lead to germination and to cause germination. It is what Of course, the same method and apparatus can be used to perform germination to full-scale germination, and in the following description, the general term "germination" will be used unless otherwise specified.

[0006]

In the present invention, when the liquid driving device 3 is operated, the seed g floats up to a certain height in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 due to the water flow, but the seed does not flow out together with the water flow. The state in which the seeds do not reach is reached, a small gap is opened between the various seeds g, and a state in which water flows between them is obtained, and it is possible to eliminate a portion where the seeds continue to contact each other. As a result, the seeds g placed at any position can be brought into good contact with running water, the contact conditions of water with respect to each child and all surface portions of each child are made uniform, and a large amount of seeds per unit area of the floor can be obtained. Good and uniform germination can be obtained even under the condition of stacking.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a germination apparatus of one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure thereof. This apparatus includes a germination tank 1 having an appropriate shape such as a cylinder, a fluidized bed water chamber 2 provided in the germination tank, and a liquid drive device 3. The floor support 4 is provided. Then, the germination tank 1 is filled with water, and a large number of brown rice g is coordinated in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 so that the liquid drive device 3 generates a fluid flow rate capable of at least fluidizing the brown rice. .

First, the germination tank 1 will be described. This germination tank 1 has a water supply port 11 and a drain port 12. Water is supplied into the germination tank 1 through the water supply port 11 and discharged through the drainage port 12. Although not shown, the water supply port 11 and the drain port 1
2 is connected to a water supply device and a drainage chamber via an appropriate valve, and similarly, a manhole, drain vent, air vent, other various auxiliary equipment, sensor mounting seat, nozzle, etc. The necessary equipment is provided. Although the germination tank 1 is shown as being integrally formed in the figure, it may be configured by being divided into a main body and an openable / closable lid.

The germination tank 1 is grounded with its bottom portion supported by an insulator 9, and a current-carrying portion 14 connecting the voltage applying portion 13 to the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 or a water portion leading to it.
And are electrically connected. And when you need it,
By applying the voltage to the germination tank 1 by operating the voltage application unit 13 at appropriate times, an electric field can be applied to the water and brown rice in the germination tank 1. This activates the biological action of brown rice, and is effective in promoting the germination action and improving the germination rate. Instead of the electric field or in addition to the electric field, a varying electromagnetic field or magnetic field may be applied. In addition, this voltage application may be performed after the introduction of brown rice and before the introduction of water, or may be performed before the introduction of brown rice itself.
If no voltage is applied during operation, the insulator 9 is unnecessary.

Next, a large amount of brown rice g is placed in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2.
And the brown rice g is supported by the fluidized bed support portion 4 formed at the lower end of the fluidized bed water chamber 2. The fluidized bed support portion 4 has hydrodynamic support for brown rice by having a fluid resistance required for uniformization of the fluidized bed to make water flow, and in a suspended state, brown rice g depends on its weight. It supports it so that it does not fall downwards, and has a large number of non-fluidized granules arranged on the top surface of a porous body with a small opening ratio, or the water channel itself of the support part is narrowed to form a grain. A fluidized bed support method known in the technical field of fluidized beds, such as one that prevents falling of brown rice when fluid is stopped by utilizing the rest angle of the body or the use of a movable plate, can be appropriately used. . By the fluidized bed support portion 4, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of partial blow-through portions and stagnant portions of water as in the conventional case.

Next, the liquid driving device 3 will be described.
The liquid drive device 3 may use a drive device that generates a fluid flow rate capable of converting brown rice g into at least a fluidized bed, and more specifically, a mechanical pump by an axial flow method or the like, from a diffuser pipe to a narrow water channel. A liquid driving device such as a bubble pump that generates a water flow through bubbles or a jet pump that generates a jet water flow may be used. This liquid drive device 3 is
As shown in the figure, it may be coordinated outside the germination layer 1 and connected inside the layer by a pipe or the like, or may be coordinated inside the layer. The fluid flow rate generated by the liquid drive device 3 is applied to the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 from the fluidized-bed support portion 4 and has the ability to convert brown rice into at least a fluidized bed. That is, the upflow in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 floats the brown rice coordinated here against its weight, but the brown rice does not flow out together with the upflow. Incidentally, it is needless to say that the operation can be adjusted in the non-fluidizing region or in the reverse flow direction by adjusting the operation of the pumps as in the case of a normal tank provided with the pumps.

Further, in this embodiment, the air diffuser 31 is arranged in the germination layer 1. The air diffuser 31 is arranged at an appropriate position such as above the fluidized-bed water chamber 2, inside the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 or below the fluidized-bed water chamber 2, and is provided as a blower 32 or other mechanism having a considerable air supply capability. It is connected to adjust the amount of dissolved oxygen in water and generate an appropriate amount of water flow. This water flow can be used as a water flow for fluidized bed formation, but can also be carried out separately from the water flow for fluidized bed formation by adding a slightly stronger flow for stirring and washing rice.
In addition to or instead of the circulation of air, the air in the atmosphere may be discharged from the air diffusing pipe 31, or all or part of the air in the circulation may be discharged to the atmosphere. Good. In this case, a set of pipes 33 and 34 opened to the atmosphere may be connected to the intake pipe side of the blower 32. If necessary, an air treatment device may be connected to the intake side like the water treatment device 5 described below.

Further, in this embodiment, in addition to the above structure, a water treatment device 5 is connected to the germination tank 1. This water treatment device 5 is connected to the upper part of the germination tank 1 via a pump 51 and a pipe 52, and the water introduced from the upper part of the germination tank 1 is treated by the water treatment device 5 and passed through the liquid drive device 3. And returned to the lower end of the germination tank 1. This water treatment device 5
Is for treating water under conditions suitable for germination such as water filtration, component adjustment, and water temperature setting. Furthermore, in addition to such general conditions, it is possible to subject water to an activation treatment in order to further improve the germination rate. As the water subjected to the activation treatment, water containing divalent and trivalent iron salt, magnetically treated water, electric field treated water, various activated substances usually referred to as far-infrared ceramics, etc. Examples include treated water with minerals for water quality control, treated water with chemical reactions such as supersaturated or activated oxygen water, H ₂ O ₂ aqueous solution, and treated water with photosynthetic bacteria, algae, and aerobic microorganisms. Alternatively, they are used together as needed.

More specifically, as the water subjected to the activation treatment, firstly, water containing a divalent and trivalent iron salt, particularly,
Water containing an ultra-dilute divalent and trivalent iron salt of an iron salt lipid complex, which has a high biocompatibility and the cause of which has not been fully clarified, but which also has a reduced oxygen requirement can be mentioned. This divalent and trivalent iron salt, for example, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, silica, inorganic compounds such as alumina, vitamins,
It may be supported on an organic compound such as hormone, protein, or fat. Further, the divalent and trivalent iron salt is represented as nFeCl ₂ · mFeCl ₃ · xH ₂ O in chloride, for example, and n = 2, m = 1 or n = 1, m = 2 or n = 1, m =
1 compound or a compound other than these,
For example, it can also be carried out as a divalent and trivalent iron salt compounded composition comprising a divalent and trivalent iron salt and a metal compound such as zinc. When this divalent and trivalent iron salt is introduced into the living body, the non-ionic reaction system in the living body is adjusted, and the living body can be normally maintained, and at the same time, it is bacteriostatic against the fungus, which is the unicellular organism on the outer surface to be eliminated this time. It is thought that it becomes an aqueous solution that has the property that by this action, even if brown rice from which the protection by rice husks has been removed or brown rice damaged during hulling is used, the scratched part is protected from external fungi and fungi, and germination action is performed. Was demonstrated effectively. By providing a device for supplying the divalent and trivalent iron salt in the water treatment device 5, the water in the germination tank 1 can be activated by the divalent and trivalent iron salt. .

As another example of the activated water, magnetically treated water can be cited. This magnetically treated water is water obtained by acting a magnetic field on the water, and a magnet may be installed in the water treatment device 5 so that the magnetic field produced by this magnet acts on the water in the circulating water system. Further, instead of the magnetic field or in addition to the magnetic field, a varying electromagnetic field or electric field can be applied. The voltage applying unit 13 described above is an example in which an electric field is applied to the water in the germination tank 1, but of course, it may be applied in the water treatment device 5.

As another example of the water subjected to the activation treatment, so-called far infrared ray treated water can be cited. This far-infrared treated water is water that also utilizes the non-thermal effect of the far-infrared material that acts on the water from the ceramic in the normal temperature range. By arranging the far-infrared ceramic in the water treatment device 5, water is added to this. After contacting, the brown rice can be fed.

As another example of the water subjected to the activation treatment, activated oxygen water can be cited. This activated oxygen water is water containing activated oxygen (O ₁ ⁻ ) and usually has some bacteriostatic property. Brown rice activated oxygen via the water (O ₁ ^-) absorbs, but whose activity is enhanced. A chemical reaction such as H ₂ O ₂ aqueous solution is a good example of producing (O ₁ ⁻ ) according to this formula, and a low concentration is preferable because the concentration is too high and does not harm the living body (brown rice).

Although it is also possible to dissolve oxygen under pressure and use supersaturated oxygen water as a solution close to the above, supersaturation due to a mere partial pressure difference causes the vaporization of oxygen to be too fast. Is too short, so it is different from mere Henry's coefficient melting by making ultrafine bubbles during melting, utilizing high energy level vibration such as ultrasonic waves, and utilizing the interaction with the above-mentioned functional ceramics / mineral bodies. It is effective to give properties, and if the oxygen activity is too strong, it may suppress the growth of roots in the paddy rice ecology, but if it is not excessive, it is rather convenient in handling and processing germinated brown rice as a product. In some cases, it is preferable that the required concentration be set according to the purpose.

[0019] Also, the (O ₁ ^-) as close to, photosynthetic bacteria, algae, some quality of used water, the supply of oxygen due photosynthesis while purifying water incorporating themselves substances necessary for activity It is well known that many species have a double effect of simultaneously fixing CO _{2 and the} like generated by the respiratory action of brown rice, and are ecologically highly water-purifying and bacteriostatic. Alternatively, the eutrophication substance eluted from brown rice may be treated with a microorganism. This is for example
It is possible to employ a method of attaching aerobic active microorganisms to a medium for implantation such as zeolite-based molded particles.

By providing the water treatment device 5 with the above-mentioned device for imparting activated oxygen or the like to water, various activation treatments can be applied to the water in the germination tank 1.
Further, in addition to the above-mentioned activation treatment devices provided in the water treatment device 5, each activation treatment device may be provided at an appropriate place in the germination tank 1, such as the bottom of the germination tank 1. Further, each activation treatment device may be provided in the water supply device connected to the water supply port 11.

When the brown rice is carried in and out, the brown rice supply pipe 6 and the brown rice take-out pipe 7 are connected in the vicinity of the fluidized bed water chamber of the germination tank 1, and an appropriate means such as a normal fluid transportation system for sending a fluid together with water is used. Thus, brown rice may be poured from the brown rice supply pipe 6 and discharged from the brown rice extraction pipe 7. further,
In the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 of the germination layer 1, auxiliary means 8 such as a mechanical stirring means, a cutter and a light feeder may be arranged.
That is, depending on the type of seeds other than brown rice, it is better to slightly scratch the seeds, because good germination may occur.Therefore, a rotating cutter or the like may damage the seeds and promote germination. it can. Also, depending on the seed,
It is possible to promote full-fledged germination from germination for the first time by giving a light beam of a specific wavelength range to the seeds with a light feeder. Further, these effects can be more uniformly applied to the seeds by the mechanical stirring means, and further, in the case of brown rice or the like, the washing work can be performed.

In this embodiment, as described above, since a voltage is applied to the germination tank 1 by the voltage applying unit 13, especially to the fluidized bed water chamber 2 in which brown rice g is coordinated, the germination tank 1 is applied to the germination tank 1. Starting with the connected water treatment device 5 and liquid drive device 3,
It is necessary to make each device such as the blower 32 and the auxiliary means 8 in an insulated state. More specifically, the water treatment device 5 and the liquid drive device 3 are supported via the insulator 9, and the pump 5
1 or the liquid drive device 3 is driven by an air motor for dry air drive, or in the case of electric drive, an insulating transformer is used, or for a mechanical transmission means such as a shaft, a pulley or a belt, an insulating material is provided in a required portion. It is necessary to obtain an insulating state by using it. Of course, if this voltage application is not applied to the germination layer 1, it is not necessary to provide such an insulating means.

A method for sprouting brown rice with the sprouting device having the above construction will be described. First, water m is filled up to near the upper end of the germination tank 1, and a large number of brown rice g is coordinated in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2. At this time, since no normal water flow is generated, these brown rice g are supported by the fluidized bed support portion 4 formed at the lower end of the fluidized bed water chamber 2.
As shown in (A) of the above, the brown rice grains are in contact with each other.

Next, when the liquid driving device 3 is operated, as described above, the brown rice g floats in the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 due to the upward flow, but the brown rice does not flow out with the upward flow. Becomes More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), a slight gap is provided between each brown rice g, and a state in which water flows between them is obtained. As a result, brown rice g placed at any position can be brought into good contact with running water, and the contact conditions of water with respect to each brown rice are made uniform, and good and uniform germination can be obtained even in a large amount of brown rice. You can still,
Due to this fluidized bed, the apparent amount of the brown rice layer increases to several hundreds of tens% or more. Therefore, the fluidized-bed water chamber 2 needs a volume capable of receiving the increased apparent amount of the brown rice layer.

Although brown rice has been described as an example in the above-mentioned embodiment, it can be used for other seeds. However, some seeds do not require oxygen at the time of germination, and the oxygen conditions vary depending on the type of seeds. The type can be appropriately changed and implemented. In the case of brown rice sprouts, it may be in a germinated state, but depending on the seed, it may be possible to obtain from germinated state to full-fledged germination with this device, or by the time, it will be a wider, light-rich place outside. You may move to. Also,
The germination tank may be made of stainless steel or the like that can be heated to obtain a product in which the biological activity in the germinated state is stopped by heating with hot water or steam. The liquid driving device 3
The operation of is not always required to be performed at any time, and may be performed at any time.

[0026]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The first invention of the present application, when germinated a large amount of seeds, causes the water to be absorbed extremely uniformly under predetermined conditions adjusted if necessary, and then changes the setting to germination conditions. The present invention provides a germination method for seeds such as brown rice that can promote germination of various offspring and / or improve the germination rate and can obtain uniform germination by giving uniform germination conditions to each offspring. I was able to do it.
A second invention of the present application is, in the case of germinating a large amount of seeds, after performing extremely uniform water absorption under adjusted predetermined conditions, if necessary, after changing the setting to the germination condition, and thus various seeds are cultivated. It was possible to provide a germination device for seeds such as brown rice, which can promote germination and / or improve germination rate and can obtain uniform germination by giving uniform germination conditions to various offspring. It is a thing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a germination device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an internal structure of the germination apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of states between brown rice in the germination apparatus, (A) showing a state when water is stopped and (B) showing a state when fluidized.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 germination tank 2 fluid bed water chamber 3 liquid drive unit 4 fluidized bed support g brown rice (seed)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for immersing or germinating a large amount of seeds by arranging a large amount of the seeds under an appropriate water condition, wherein these seeds (g) are placed in a fluidized-bed water chamber (2) equipped with a fluidized-bed support (4). ) Are coordinated with each other, and a water flow capable of generating a fluidized fluidized bed is provided to the fluidized bed water chamber (2) at a suitable time to fluidize these seeds (g). Characteristic seed soaking and germination method. 2. A fluidized bed water provided with a fluidized bed support (4) capable of coordinating these seeds (g) in an apparatus for immersing or germinating by arranging a large number of seeds under an appropriate moisture condition. Chamber (2)
And a seed driving / emerging device, which is provided with a liquid driving device (3) for generating a fluid flow rate capable of converting these seeds (g) into a fluidized bed.