JPH0616082A - Automobile for delivery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the labor and the time in a delivery and to reduce the load to a deliveryman by installing plural containers which have plural retractable legs with casters at each bottom to the car body to allow to mount and demount them individually. CONSTITUTION:A cargo is loaded together with a container 7 with casters to the car body 1, and delivered to a dealer together with the container 7 separated from the car body 1. As a result, the labor and the time can be reduced. Since the cargo can be delivered making the number of containers as the unit to the dealer, the trouble of the classification, the inspection, and the like when the cargo is loaded and unloaded can be saved, and the labor and the time can be reduced much more. Furthermore, by changing the number of the containers 7 installed to the car body 1, the cargo capacity of the car is changed. As a result, a vain space in the delivery can be reduced, and the efficiency of delivery can be increased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a delivery vehicle suitable for small-scale delivery to convenience stores, retail stores such as small supermarkets, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a delivery vehicle used for delivering goods from a wholesaler to a retail store is generally a van type, and unloading of small delivery items from the delivery vehicle is as follows. It was done. That is, first of all,
At a place where goods are to be collected, such as a warehouse, put the luggage on the trolley provided and carry it to the delivery vehicle, where it is sorted and inspected before being transferred to the loading platform of the car, or manually delivered from the place where goods are collected. It was common to carry a small amount to an automobile. In addition, when unloading products, it is common to perform the reverse operation of loading when a loaded delivery vehicle arrives at the destination.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned loading and unloading, there is a problem that it requires a considerable amount of labor and time because it is necessary to transfer the luggage to a dolly, sort the luggage, and inspect. In particular, with the recent diversification of consumer needs for products, the frequent use of frequent deliveries has significantly increased sorting and inspection of parcels, further increasing the burden on drivers (deliverers). It was

Recently, in retail stores such as convenience stores and small supermarkets, in order to reduce storage costs,
Just-in-time delivery is required, but when trying to deal with the above conventional van type delivery vehicle, it is usual that the capacity of the car's luggage compartment becomes excessive compared to the amount of delivery, There was also a problem that the efficiency of delivery was poor because the delivery vehicles went around with a small load.
Further, in the case where the delivered product requires cooling, the entire luggage compartment must be cooled even if the amount of the delivered product is small, resulting in poor energy efficiency.

In view of the above problems, the present invention reduces labor and time at the time of delivery to reduce the burden on the driver, reduces empty space at the time of delivery to improve delivery efficiency, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a delivery vehicle in which even if cooling is required for a delivered product, only a required range of cooling is required to improve energy efficiency.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the delivery vehicle according to the present invention is such that a plurality of containers having casters and a plurality of retractable legs at the bottom are individually attached to and detached from the vehicle body. It is made possible by mounting it.

[0007]

According to the above construction, since the luggage together with the caster-equipped container can be loaded into the vehicle body and separated from the vehicle body together with the container and brought to the retail store, the luggage can be loaded onto a trolley or the like. No transshipment is required, resulting in labor and time savings. Further, since the products can be delivered to the retail store in units of containers, it is possible to save the trouble of sorting, inspecting, and the like when loading and unloading the packages, and as a result, it is possible to further reduce the labor and time.

Further, according to the above construction, the capacity of the luggage compartment of the vehicle can be changed by changing the number of containers mounted on the vehicle body, so that the empty space at the time of delivery can be reduced and the delivery efficiency can be improved. be able to. Further, when cooling of the delivered product is required, only the container containing the delivered product that needs to be cooled may be cooled, so that energy efficiency can be improved.

Further, in the above structure, if a leg drive device for pulling out and retracting the legs is provided for each container, the operation for pulling out and retracting the legs is facilitated and the container is held at the mounting position with respect to the vehicle body. If a lock device for locking this container to the vehicle body when it comes is provided for each container, it is safe because each container is securely fixed to the vehicle body.

Further, in addition to the above structure, if the locking and unlocking of the locking device is performed in conjunction with the pulling in and pulling out of the leg by the leg drive device, the operation becomes easier and the labor and time are further increased. Reduction is possible. In addition, it is preferable that the leg drive device is electrically driven, and driving power therefor is supplied from the vehicle body to each container through the power connector.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an embodiment of a delivery vehicle according to the present invention.
It is relatively small considering the handling on narrow roads and parking lots (for example, total length 3980 mm, total width 1669 mm, total height 1825 mm, wheel base 2400 m).

Reference numeral 1 is a vehicle body, 2 is a driver's seat provided at the forefront portion of the vehicle body 1, and has only one seat 3. The driver's seat is mounted on the side portion of the vehicle body 1 and can be opened and closed in the horizontal direction. It is possible to get on and off by opening and closing the door 4 for getting on and off. Although not shown, a back door that can be opened and closed vertically is provided at the rear part of the vehicle body so that a small amount of luggage can be loaded and unloaded from the rear side.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a solar panel (solar cell) provided on the entire top surface of the vehicle body 1, and the electric power generated there is stored in a battery for a power source (not shown). An antenna 6 is provided on the top of the vehicle body 1 and is connected to, for example, a wireless communication device (not shown) provided in the driver's seat 2. Reference numeral 20 denotes a radiator grill of a cooler (not shown) embedded in the ceiling of the vehicle body. The delivery vehicle of the present invention is preferably an electric vehicle that uses an electric motor or the like as a drive source, but may use an internal combustion engine as a drive source as in the conventional case.

Reference numeral 7 designates two left and right containers which can be detachably attached to the recesses 8 provided on both sides of the vehicle body 1 from the side. The capacity of each container is 1 for delivery to a retail store. It has a capacity of about a batch. The details of the structure of the container 7 and the structure for mounting the container 7 in the recess 8 of the vehicle body 1 are as follows.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front perspective view showing the structure of the recess 8 of the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIG.
Two pairs of fork rails 9 for holding containers, which are integrated with the vehicle body 1 and are slightly inclined outward, are provided on the lower side of the container. Between the pair of fork rails 9, a lower container lock is provided. A striker 10 and a pair of female power supply connectors 11 are provided. One of the pair of female power supply connectors 11 is +, and the other is −, and the two are separately provided to prevent a short circuit. Further, a pair of cushioning materials 12 are fixed to the upper side of the recess 8. Further, a pair of container upper part locking hooks 13 are provided further above the concave portion 8.

3 and 4 are a schematic sectional view and a perspective view of the container 7, respectively. An outer door 14 that can be opened and closed vertically is provided on the outer portion of the container 7.
An inner door 15 that can be opened and closed left and right is provided in the inner portion of the. Further, on both lower ridge edges of the container 7, a step portion 16 that is inclined outward is provided, and a plurality of rollers 17 are pivotally mounted along the ceiling surface 16a. Then, when the container 7 is pushed into the concave portion 8, as shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of rollers 17 roll on the upper surface 9a of the fork rail 9 and the side surface 16b of the stepped portion 16 of the fork rail 9 moves. By contacting the side surface 9b, the container 7 is positioned in the lateral direction (the front-back direction of the vehicle body 1) (see FIG. 2).

Below the inner portion of the container 7, there is attached a hook 18 for locking the lower part of the container, which can be rotated up and down in conjunction with a leg drive device, which will be described later. When the device is actuated, the hook 18 engages the container lower lock striker 10 as shown in FIG. 5, and when the leg drive device is actuated again, the hook 18 moves from the container lower lock striker 10. It comes off. That is, the lower container lock striker 10 and the lower container lock hook 18 constitute a lower container lock device.
The power source of the leg drive device is the vehicle body 1 via the female power source connector 11 and a male power source connector described later.
It is designed to be supplied from the battery inside.

Further, a container upper locking claw 19 is provided on the top of the container 7 so that the container 7 is recessed.
When it is pushed in, as shown in FIG. 6, it can be hung on and removed from the hook 13 for locking the container upper part.
That is, the container upper lock hook 13 and the container upper lock claw 19 constitute a container upper lock device.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a pair of male power source connectors provided at the lowermost end of the inner portion of the container 7, one of which is + and the other of which is-to prevent a short circuit.
Then, when the container 7 is pushed into the concave portion 8, the container 7 is fitted with the female power source connector 11, respectively.
The detailed structure of these is as shown in FIG. 7, and the base of the female power connector 11 is adapted to cope with the case where the position of the inserted male power connector 21 is slightly deviated. A spring 22 is provided so that the male power connector 21 can be crimped. Further, a plurality of click balls 23 are embedded in the outer peripheral portion of the male type power connector 21 and are pressed outward by a spring (not shown), and are inserted into the female type power connector 11 as shown in FIG. At this time, the click ball 23 is fitted into the annular click groove 24 of the female power connector 11 so that both power connectors 11 and 21 can be click-coupled.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 9 showing the bottom surface of the vehicle body, the casters 2 are provided at the bottom of the container 7.
A plurality of retractable legs 26 with 5 are attached, and retracting and withdrawing of the legs 26 are performed by a leg drive device described later. Details of the structure of the leg 26 and the leg drive device are as follows.

FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 are a schematic front view, a plan view and a side view of the leg 26 and the leg drive device, respectively. Reference numeral 27 denotes a pair of parallel horizontal support shafts pivotally supported on the bottom of the container 7. Each support shaft 27 has a caster 25.
Attached legs 26 are respectively fixed. Further, a locking piece 28 is fixed to each of the support shafts 27, and when the leg 26 is at the pulling-out position as shown in FIG. 10, the locking piece 28 is fixed to the stopper 29 fixed to the bottom surface of the container 7. Abutting against each other holds the leg 26 at an appropriate inclination angle.

Numeral 30 is a substantially L-shaped lever fixed to one supporting shaft 27, and a hook 18 for locking the lower part of the container is integrally formed on one arm thereof. Further, the other arm portion and the leg 26 fixed to the other support shaft 27 are linked to each other by the link 3
1, so that both legs 26 are interlocked. Further, a toothed pulley 32 is fixed to the other support shaft 27. 33 is a motor fixed on the bottom wall of the container 7, 34 is a reduction gear mechanism whose input shaft is the drive shaft of the motor 33, 35 is a toothed pulley fixed to the output shaft of the reduction gear mechanism 34, The pulley 3
5 is connected to the pulley 32 via a toothed belt 36.

Reference numerals 37 and 38 are two switch pressing pieces fixed to the output shaft of the reduction gear mechanism 34 at different mounting angles, and 39 is provided with limit switches 40 and 41 which are operated by the switch pressing pieces 37 and 38, respectively. Limit switch device, the limit switch 40,
When operated by the switch pressing pieces 37 and 38, 41 disconnects the electric connection between the power source (not shown) configured via the male and female power source connectors 11 and 21 and the motor 33. In relation to these, the container 7
As shown in FIG. 1, the outer surface of the leg drive switch 4
2 is provided, and when the leg drive switch 42 is operated, an electrical connection between a power source (not shown) configured via the male and female power source connectors 11 and 21 and the motor 33 is formed. .

In FIG. 1, 43 is a container grip fixed to the outer surface of the container 7. Also, FIG.
In FIG. 1, 16c is a slope surface formed at the inner end of the side surface 16a of the stepped portion 16 so that when the container 7 is inserted into the concave portion 8, even if the container 7 is slightly displaced in the lateral direction, it can be inserted. belongs to.

Since this embodiment is constructed as described above, the operating container 7 is mounted on the vehicle body 1 as shown in FIG. In that case, the lower container lock hook 18 engages with the lower container lock striker 10, the upper container lock hook 13 is hooked with the upper container lock claw 19, and the legs 26 are in a retracted state. ing. .

Next, when delivering the delivered product together with the container 7 to the retail store, the container 7 is separated from the vehicle body in the following order. That is, first, the leg drive switch 4
When 2 is actuated, the motor 33 is rotated to rotate the leg 26, and the leg 26 is brought out as shown by the solid line in FIG. 10 or as shown in FIG. At the final position of the rotation of the legs 26, the switch pressing piece 38 actuates the limit switch 40 to cut off the power supply to the motor 33, and the locking pieces 28 of the respective legs 26 stop the stopper 29.
The rotation of the leg 26 is stopped by abutting against. Further, the rotation of the legs 26 causes the lower container lock hook 18 to be disengaged from the lower container lock striker 10.

Next, after removing the container upper locking claw 19 from the container upper locking hook 13, the container grip 43 is grasped and pulled outward as shown by the arrow in FIG. Rail 9
At the same time as the casters 25 move to the ground and the casters 25 come into contact with the ground, the container 7 separates from the vehicle body 1. The male power supply connector 21 is detached from the female power supply connector 11 as the container 7 moves. Therefore, the driver or the like can easily push the vehicle to a desired place, that is, a retail store.

At the retail store, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner door 15 or the outer door 14 of the container 7 is opened to unload the delivered product. On the other hand, when the driver delivers the container 7 containing the delivered product to the retail store, the driver receives the empty container 7 instead. If there is a return or the like, the inside door 15 or the outside door 14 of the container 7 is opened in the same manner and the returned products are loaded in the container 7.

Next, the container 7 pushed from the retail store
When the container 7 is mounted on the vehicle body 1, the container 7 is mounted on the vehicle body 1 in the following order. That is, first, by gripping the container grip 43 and pushing the container 7 into the recess 8, the container 7 moves on the container holding fork rail 9, and the caster 25 is separated from the ground, as shown in FIG. At the same time as the state, the cushioning member 12 on the vehicle main body 1 is contacted. At this time, the male power supply connector 21 is fitted to the female power supply connector 11.

Next, when the leg drive switch 42 is actuated, the motor 33 is rotated to rotate the leg 26, and the leg 26 is moved as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 10 or as shown in FIG. It will be in a retracted state. At the final position of the rotation of the leg 26, the switch pressing piece 37 actuates the limit switch 41 to cut off the power supply to the motor 33, whereby the rotation of the leg 26 is stopped. Also,
The rotation of the legs 26 causes the container lower part locking hook 18 to engage with the container lower part locking striker 10.

Next, the container upper lock claw 19 is hooked on the container upper lock hook 13 to securely fix the container 7 to the vehicle body 1. Then, the driver or the like drives the vehicle to the desired delivery destination as it is. Although not described in detail in the above description, it is said that when the container 7 is attached to or detached from the vehicle body 1, the cool air blow pipe is connected to or separated from the cooler in the vehicle body 1 to the container 7. There is no end.

Although the operating principle of this embodiment has been described above, according to this embodiment, luggage is loaded on the vehicle body 1 together with the container 7 and separated from the vehicle body 1 along with the container 7 and carried to a retail store or the like. Since it is possible to come, it is not necessary to transfer to a dolly etc. at the time of unloading luggage, as a result,
Labor and time can be reduced. Further, since the products can be delivered to the retail store in units of 7 containers, it is possible to save the trouble of sorting and inspecting the luggage, inspection, etc. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the labor and time.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the capacity of the luggage compartment of the vehicle can be changed by changing the number of containers 7 mounted on the vehicle body 1, the empty space at the time of delivery can be reduced. You can increase efficiency. Also,
When the delivery item needs to be cooled, only the container 7 containing the delivery item that needs to be cooled needs to be cooled, so that energy efficiency can be improved.

Further, in this embodiment, since the leg drive device for pulling out and retracting the leg 26 is provided for each container 7, the operation for pulling out and retracting the leg 26 is facilitated and the container 7 is mounted on the vehicle body. Since each container 7 is provided with a lock device for locking the container 7 to the vehicle body 1 when brought to the mounting position for 1, the container 7 is securely fixed to the vehicle body 1 and is safe.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the locking and unlocking of the locking device is performed in conjunction with the pulling-in and pulling-out of the leg 26 by the leg driving device, so that the operation becomes easier and the labor and labor are reduced. Further reduction of time is possible.

In the present embodiment, the space inside the back door may also be provided with a temperature adjusting function so that it can handle luggage that cannot fit in the container 7. Also,
Various information such as the delivery route input at the collection / delivery center and containers corresponding to each retail store may be displayed on the instrument panel of the dashboard of the driver's seat 2. Further, a telephone and a facsimile may be provided so that various information can be transmitted and received through the antenna 6.

[0037]

As described above, the delivery vehicle of the present invention can reduce the labor and time required for delivery to reduce the burden on the deliverer and reduce the empty space during delivery. It has a practically important advantage that the efficiency of delivery can be improved, and further, even if the cooling of the delivered product is required, only the required range of cooling is required and the energy efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of an embodiment of a delivery vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front perspective view showing a structure of a concave portion of the vehicle body of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the container of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the container of the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of essential parts showing the relationship between the bottom portion of the container and the container holding fork rail of the vehicle body of the above embodiment.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the male and female power connectors of the above embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the male and female power connectors of the above embodiment are fitted together.

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the above embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the legs of the container and the leg drive device of the above embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of the leg of the container and the leg drive device of the above embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the leg of the container and the leg drive device of the above embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the container of the above-described embodiment is mounted on the vehicle body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Vehicle Main Body 2 Driver's Seat 3 Seat 4 Door for Doorway 5 Solar Panel 6 Antenna 7 Container 8 Recess 9 Container Fork Rail 10 Container Lower Lock Striker 11 Female Power Connector 12 Buffer Material 13 Container Upper Lock Hook 14 Outer Door 15 Inner Door 16 Step 17 Roller 18 Container Lower Locking Hook 19 Container Upper Locking Claw 20 Radiator Grill 21 Male Power Connector 22 Spring 23 Click Ball 24 Click Groove 25 Caster 26 Leg 27 Spindle 28 Locking Piece 29 Stopper 30 Lever 31 Link 32, 35 Toothed pulley 33 Motor 34 Gear reduction mechanism 36 Toothed belt 37, 38 Switch pressing piece 39 Limit switch device 40, 41 Limit switch 42 Leg drive Switch 43 container grip

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A vehicle for delivery, comprising a plurality of containers, each of which has casters and a plurality of retractable legs at its bottom, and which are detachably attached to a vehicle body. 2. A leg drive device for pulling out and retracting the legs is provided for each container, and a lock for locking the container to the vehicle body when the container is brought to a mounting position with respect to the vehicle body. The delivery vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a device is provided for each container. 3. The delivery vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the locking device is locked and unlocked in association with the pulling-in and pulling-out of the leg by the leg drive device. 4. The leg drive device is electrically driven, and driving power therefor is supplied from the vehicle body to each container via a power connector. The delivery vehicle according to claim 3.