JPH06155017A - Cutting width correcting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately cut a base material with a cutting torch by rotating an orthogonal coordinate set in a tracer in compliance with the width by which the base material of a material to be cut by the cutting torch is removed against a coordinate set in a cutting machine. CONSTITUTION:The rotation angle theta by which the coordinate x-y in the tracer is rotated against the coordinate X-Y in the cutting device is determined by a triangle formed with an original point '0' and the intersection of an operation line 10 of a radius (r) arround the original point as a center and a graphic 2 provided that the cutting width is (d) and the original point is set on the position having a vertical distance of d/2 from the end edge of the graphic 2. That is, the rotating angle theta of the coordinate in the tracer is calculated by a formula sin<-1>theta=(d/2)/r. Here, the value of cutting width (d) is variable according to kind, fire hole and diameter of nozzle of the cutting torch 6. Accordingly, the center of the cutting torch is moved on a path having the distance of a half of (d) from the end edge when the torch is moved following copying tracer on the end edge of the graphic 2 and the center locus is corrected with the cutting width and the cutting shape is coincident with the graphic 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention corrects an exclusion width of a base material by a cutting torch when a material to be cut is cut by tracing a figure by a tracer having a camera formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements. It is about the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Gas cutting torch, plasma cutting torch,
BACKGROUND ART A cutting torch such as a laser cutting torch is used to cut a material to be cut such as a steel plate, a stainless steel plate or plywood, a plastic plate. The cutting method using the cutting torch includes a flame and an oxygen gas ejected from a crater, a tip, and a nozzle attached to the cutting torch, a plasma jet,
The laser light is used to cut the material to be cut by burning, melting or evaporating the base material of the material to be cut and removing combustion products, melts and the like.

When cutting a material to be cut into a desired shape, a frame having a cross rail arranged in a direction orthogonal to the rail is movably mounted on a rail laid in one direction, and the cross rail is mounted on the cross rail. A traverse carriage equipped with an optical tracer and a cutting torch is mounted, and the tracer optically detects the edge of a figure or a cut out figure to detect the frame and traverse carriage in the traveling direction and the traveling speed. A die cutting machine is used to control the.

An example of the optical tracer used in the die cutting machine will be described with reference to FIG. The optical tracer shown in the figure is called a circle scan method disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 49-16916, and the lens 52 fixed to the housing 51 and the lens 52 are aligned with the center of the lens 52.
The photocell 53 provided on the surface of the lens 52, the shaft 55 rotated by the motor 54 arranged on the axis of the lens 52, and the shaft 55
The rotor 56a, 56b is fixed at an angle of 90 degrees, and the generator 56 is provided at the lower end of the shaft 55 eccentrically with respect to the axis of the motor 54. It is composed of a mirror 57 that forms an image on the photocell 53.

In the above arrangement, when the lens 52 is arranged above the figure and the motor 54 is rotated, the mirror 57 causes the lens axis to correspond to the distance from the axis of the lens 52 and the tilt angle of the mirror 57. A point o, which is separated from the projection point O of the heart, is scanned.
When the mirror 57 scans the edge of the figure, the output of the photocell 53 changes, and in synchronism with this change, the outputs of the generator 56 in two orthogonal directions are generated. Therefore, the cutting torch can be moved in conformity with the figure by driving the frame and the transverse carriage according to the output.

[0006] On the other hand, the applicant of the present application scans a part of a figure with a camera formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, processes the shot image, and outputs an operation amount in two orthogonal directions. A device has been developed and a patent has already been filed (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 4-103882 and 4-103883).

[0007]

In the above-mentioned conventional optical tracer, when correcting the exclusion width of the base material of the material to be cut by the cutting torch at the time of cutting, the operator mechanically rotates the mirror or replaces the mirror. However, there is a problem that the operation is not easy.

In the above optical tracer, the projection point O
Since the distance between the scanning point o and the scanning point o is set as the pre-reading amount, when tracing the corner portion of the figure, the corner portion becomes curved due to the movement speed (cutting speed) of the optical tracer and the pre-reading amount. There's a problem.

The present invention is a further development of the invention relating to the copying apparatus described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a correction method for performing accurate cutting regardless of the excluded size of the base material by the cutting torch.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a width correction method according to the present invention is a camera for arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements to photograph a part of a figure to be copied, and the camera. The image captured by is scanned on a predetermined radius centering on the origin of the preset orthogonal coordinates, and the edge of the figure is detected, and the operation amount in two directions corresponding to the detected edge vector is output. A cutting width correction method for correcting an exclusion width of a base material by the cutting torch in a die cutting device having a tracer having a control unit and a cutting torch for removing and cutting a base material of a material to be cut, It is characterized in that the Cartesian coordinates set in the tracer are rotated with respect to the coordinates set in the cutting device according to the width dimension of the cutting torch that excludes the base material of the material to be cut.

In the above-described width correction method, the Cartesian coordinates set in the tracer are rotated and scanned with respect to the coordinates set in the cutting device according to the width dimension of the cutting torch that excludes the base material of the material to be cut. It is preferable to change the radius.

[0012]

According to the above-described width correction method, it is possible to easily correct the exclusion width of the base material of the material to be cut (hereinafter referred to as "cut width") by the cutting torch when cutting the material to be cut.

That is, in the tracer, a part of the figure to be copied is photographed by a camera having a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arranged, and the control unit binarizes this image and presets it. The edge of the figure is detected by scanning on a predetermined radius centering on the origin of the rectangular coordinates, and the operation amount in two orthogonal directions corresponding to the vector of the detected edge is output to form the cutting torch. It can be moved in line with.

Further, when the cutting torch is used to cut the material to be cut, the coordinates set in the tracer are rotated according to the cutting width of the cutting torch, so that the origin of the coordinates is reduced to a dimension corresponding to about half of the cutting width. The width can be corrected by copying the figure in a state of being separated from the coordinates of the mechanical system.

Further, when the material to be cut is cut by the cutting torch, the rectangular coordinate set in the tracer is rotated with respect to the coordinate set in the cutting device and the scanning radius is changed, whereby the cutting width by the cutting torch is increased. Even so, this width can be easily corrected.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The above-described width correction method will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of a die cutting device, FIG. 2 is an image captured by a camera configured by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, and is a diagram illustrating the principle of copying a figure, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state where the tracer coordinates are rotated to correct the cutting width, FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a case where the tracer coordinates are rotated to copy a figure, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing in the case of rotating a tracer's coordinate and changing a scanning radius and correcting a cutting width.

Prior to the description of the width correction method, a schematic configuration of a cutting device for cutting a material 3 to be cut along a figure 2 by a tracer 1 having a camera 1a formed by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements will be described. This will be described with reference to 1.

In the figure, the cutting device is composed of a gate-shaped frame 4, and the frame 4 is movably mounted on a pair of rails 5 laid in the Y direction. A traversing carriage 7 integrally connecting the camera 1a and the torch 6 is mounted on the frame 4 so as to traverse in the X direction which is a direction orthogonal to the rails 4. Further, the frame 4 has a traveling drive mechanism 8 including a servo motor that causes the frame 4 to travel along the rails 5 in the Y direction, and a traverse drive including a servo motor that causes the traverse carriage 7 to traverse along the frame 4 in the X direction. A mechanism 9 is provided, and further, a control unit 1b that processes an image captured by the camera 1a and outputs an operation amount for driving the traveling drive mechanism 8 and the traverse drive mechanism 9 is provided.

In the above structure, while operating the cutting torch 6, a part of the figure 2 is photographed by the camera 1a, and this image is processed by the control section 1b, whereby the edge of the figure 2 in the photographing area is processed. The edge vector is determined and the operation amounts in two directions orthogonal to each other are output according to the determined vector, and the traveling drive mechanism 8 and the traverse drive mechanism 9 are output according to the outputs.
It is possible to cut the same shape as the figure 2 from the material 3 to be cut by driving the camera 1a and the cutting torch 6 so as to match with the edge of the figure 2 by driving.

The camera 1a is composed of a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (not shown) arranged in a matrix. A commercially available camera can be used as the camera 1a. The control unit 1b also includes a binarization circuit that binarizes an image captured by the camera 1a, an input unit that indicates the radius of a scanning line, an origin position of a preset coordinate system, and a radius of an input scanning line. A storage unit for storing an arithmetic expression or the like for calculating coordinate data of a pixel to be scanned from a value or an origin position and a radius of a scanning line, an arithmetic unit for performing arithmetic operation according to the arithmetic expression and designating a pixel to be scanned, and binarized. The detection unit detects the edge of the figure from the image data, the determination unit that determines the vector of the detected edge and calculates and outputs the driving speed in the X and Y directions.

Next, the figure 2 photographed by the camera 1a
A method of performing image processing on a part of the vector to determine the vector will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the origin O and the origin O are previously set in the image captured by the camera 1a.
An xy Cartesian coordinate system centered at is set. This coordinate system is set in a direction that coincides with the XY coordinate system of the cutting device, and the origin O is set so as to coincide with the center of the cutting torch 6. Then, by inputting the radius of the scanning line 10 from the input unit, the arithmetic unit specifies a pixel to be scanned based on the radius of the scanning line 10 from the arithmetic expression stored in the storage unit in advance.

The image photographed by the camera 1a is converted into a binary signal by a binarization circuit. Then, the determination unit checks the binarized data corresponding to the pixels on the scanning line 10
Is detected, the vector centered on the origin O is determined, and the operation amount for the traveling drive mechanism 8 and the traverse drive mechanism 9 is output by dividing into a component in the X direction and a component in the Y direction for calculation. . Each of the drive mechanisms 8 and 9 drives the frame 4 and the transverse carriage 7 in accordance with the output operation amount to move the camera 1a and the cutting torch 6 in conformity with the figure 2. This makes it possible to copy the figure 2.

Next, a method of correcting the cutting width when cutting the material 3 to be cut will be described with reference to FIGS. In the figure, 2 is a figure to be copied or cut out in the drawing, which is set in a rectangular shape for convenience. Figure 2
May have any shape including straight lines and curved lines.

O is an origin set in the tracer 1, which is set to coincide with the center of the cutting torch 6, and the xy orthogonal coordinates of the tracer 1 are set around the origin O. Reference numeral o denotes a scanning point of the scanning line 10, which is set in advance as a scanning radius r centering on the origin O. Also X
-Y is the Cartesian coordinates of the mechanical system set in the cutting device,
The X direction is set to match the horizontal direction of the horizontal carriage 7, and the Y direction is set to match the running direction of the frame 4.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the xy coordinates of the tracer 1 and the XY coordinates of the cutting device are matched. In this state, when the cutting torch 6 is operated and the material 3 to be cut is cut while following the figure 2, the center of the cutting torch 6 moves on the edge of the figure 2, and the cut shape is the figure 2.
On the other hand, the shape is similar to that of the cut width by a dimension substantially equal to the cut width. That is, this cutting is a cutting without the correction of the cutting width.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the xy coordinates of the tracer 1 are rotated with respect to the XY coordinates of the cutting device.
The angle for rotating the coordinates of the tracer 1 is such that the origin O is set at a position where the vertical distance from the edge of the figure 2 is d / 2, where d is the cutting width, and the origin O and the origin O are centered. It is determined by the triangle formed by the scan line 10 and the intersection 11 of the graphic 2. That is, when the rotation angle of the xy coordinate of the tracer 1 is θ, it is calculated by the formula sin ⁻¹ θ = (d / 2) / r.

Here, the cutting width d has different values depending on the type of the cutting torch 6, for example, a gas cutting torch, a plasma cutting torch, a laser cutting torch, etc., and the diameter of the crater and nozzle attached to the cutting torch 6. Therefore, each time the material to be cut 3 is cut, it is necessary to rotate the xy coordinates of the tracer 1 in accordance with the θ calculated by the above formula in correspondence with the cutting width (d) by the cutting torch 6. .

The xy coordinates of the tracer 1 are set to the X of the cutting device.
-An angle θ depending on the cutting width by the cutting torch 6 with respect to the Y coordinate
When a part of the graphic 2 is photographed by rotating the camera 1a, for example, when the graphic 2 is on the y-axis as shown in the figure, the direction vector becomes a straight line in the y-direction and the direction of the y-direction is changed from the control unit 1b. Only the manipulated variable is output. Therefore, the frame 4 of the cutting device travels in the Y direction to linearly move the cutting torch 6.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the scanning line 10 and the figure 2
When the intersection point with is separated from the y-axis, the operation amounts in the y-direction and the x-direction are output from the control unit 1b of the tracer 1, and when the frame 4 of the cutting device travels in the Y-direction according to the operation amounts. At the same time, the traverse carriage 7 traverses in the X direction, so that the cutting torch 6 moves in the direction in which XY is combined.

As described above, when the tracer 1 traces the edge of the figure 2 and the cutting torch 6 moves in accordance with this contour, the center of the cutting torch 6 is 1 from the edge of the figure 2 with a cutting width d.
It will take a route separated by / 2. Therefore, the locus of the center of the cutting torch 6 becomes the alternate long and short dash line in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the cut shape is corrected and the cut shape matches the figure 2.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the xy coordinates of the tracer 1 are rotated with respect to the XY coordinates of the cutting device and the radius of the scanning line 10 is changed from r to R. The rotation angle of the xy coordinates in this case is sin ⁻¹ θ = (d / 2) /
It is calculated by the formula R.

In particular, when the dimension of the cutting width d is large with respect to the radius r of the scanning line 10, the angle at which the coordinates of the tracer 1 are rotated becomes large, and the amount of pre-reading of the figure 2 by the tracer 1 becomes relatively small and the cutting is performed. It may be difficult to increase the speed. In such a case, it is necessary to set the radius of the scanning line 10 to R, which is larger than r, to secure the prefetch amount of the tracer 1.

However, the size of the radius R of the scanning line 10 is not particularly limited, and may be larger or smaller than the radius r described above. For example, when the cutting width d is constant and R> r, the pre-reading amount in the tracer 1 increases, which is advantageous when the cutting speed of the cutting torch 6 with respect to the workpiece 3 is high. However, when the figure 2 has a right-angled or near-right-angled corner, this corner is cut into a curved shape. Further, when R <r, the pre-reading amount becomes small, and it becomes possible to improve the curved state at the corner portion.

[0034]

As described above in detail, in the cutting width correction method according to the present invention, the orthogonal coordinates set in the tracer are rotated with respect to the coordinates of the mechanical system for moving the cutting torch, thereby cutting the material to be cut. It is possible to correct the exclusion width of the base material by the cutting torch when cutting the.

Further, when the material to be cut is cut by the cutting torch, the orthogonal coordinates set in the tracer are rotated with respect to the coordinates set in the cutting device and the scanning radius is changed, whereby the cutting width by the cutting torch is increased. Even in this case, it is possible to easily correct this width and to secure a pre-reading amount necessary for the tracer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a die cutting machine.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an image photographed by a camera configured by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements and explaining a principle of copying a figure.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when the width is not corrected.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in the case of correcting the cutting width by rotating the coordinates of the tracer.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when a tracer coordinate is rotated to copy a figure.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram in the case of correcting the cutting width by rotating the coordinates of the tracer and changing the scanning radius.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a conventional optical tracer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 r, R Scan line radius O Origin of coordinates 1 Tracer 1a Camera 1b Control unit 2 Graphic 4 Frame 6 Cutting torch 7 Traverse carriage 8 Travel drive mechanism 9 Traverse drive mechanism 10 Scan line

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A camera configured by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements to photograph a part of a figure to be copied, and an image photographed by the camera on a predetermined radius centered on an origin of preset orthogonal coordinates. A tracer having a control unit that scans the edge of the figure to detect the edge of the figure and outputs the operation amount in two directions corresponding to the detected edge vector, and a cutting torch that cuts by removing the base material of the material to be cut A method of correcting a cutting width of a base material by a cutting torch in a die cutting apparatus having a cutting torch, which is set in a tracer according to a width dimension of a cutting torch that excludes a base material of a material to be cut. A width correction method characterized by rotating the Cartesian coordinates with respect to the coordinates set in the cutting machine. 2. A camera configured by arranging a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements to photograph a part of a figure to be copied, and an image photographed by the camera on a predetermined radius around an origin of preset orthogonal coordinates. A tracer having a control unit that scans the edge of the figure to detect the edge of the figure and outputs the operation amount in two directions corresponding to the detected edge vector, and a cutting torch that cuts by removing the base material of the material to be cut A method of correcting a cutting width of a base material by a cutting torch in a die cutting apparatus having a cutting torch, which is set in a tracer according to a width dimension of a cutting torch that excludes a base material of a material to be cut. A method for correcting the cutting width, which comprises rotating the rectangular coordinates with respect to the coordinates set in the cutting machine and changing the scanning radius.