JPH06148637A - Production of liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the process for production of the liquid crystal display element which has high display quality, i.e., free from seizure and after-image and to provide the method for effective irradiation with UV rays. CONSTITUTION:A pair of glass substrates 1a, 1b are provided thereon with transparent electrodes 2a, 2b, consisting of indium tin oxide, etc. Oriented films 3a, 3b consisting of polyimide, etc., are formed on these transparent electrodes and are baked under prescribed conditions, by which the films are formed. The polyimide films obtd. in such a manner are subjected to a rubbing treatment. Two sheets of such transparent electrode substrates are stuck to each other via a spacer in such a manner that the rubbing direction attains a prescribed angle, by which the liquid crystal cell having a specified cell spacing is produced. The nematic liquid crystal 4 is encapsulated into this cell 4 and the liquid crystal element after the sealing of the liquid crystal is irradiated with UV light by using a UV light lamp 5, by which the liquid crystal display element is obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having excellent afterimage and printing characteristics of the liquid crystal display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal cell using a nematic liquid crystal is formed by applying an alignment film on a transparent electrode of an electrode substrate, subjecting the formed film to a Rabink treatment, and sealing and hardening the periphery of the substrate to bond the substrates together. After that, it is manufactured through a process of enclosing the liquid crystal. For example, in the super twist liquid crystal display element,
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal element using a polyimide alignment film having a high pretilt angle for preventing the generation of various domains, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal element by irradiating the alignment film with ultraviolet rays, and the like have been proposed (JP-A-2-226118). (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-40623).

[0003]

When a certain character or graphic pattern is displayed on a liquid crystal display device for a certain period of time, the pattern is burned on the screen, which is a so-called afterimage. Since this image lag phenomenon deteriorates the image quality, reducing the image lag is a major issue. In the prior art, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element with good display quality, which avoids the occurrence of display unevenness called image sticking or afterimage, has not been obtained.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device having high display quality, that is, no image sticking or afterimage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an effective ultraviolet light irradiation method in the above manufacturing method.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that the charge transport in a liquid crystal cell proceeds smoothly by irradiating the liquid crystal element with ultraviolet light. However, it has been found that even if a direct current component remains in the display pixel, charge transport that immediately cancels out the direct current component proceeds in the liquid crystal layer. As a result, it was found that the baking phenomenon was reduced, and the present invention was completed. The gist of the present invention is as follows.

In the present invention, ultraviolet light irradiation was performed by the method shown in FIG. In the liquid crystal element, transparent electrodes 2a and 2b made of indium tin oxide or the like are provided on a pair of glass substrates 1a and 1b, and polyimide alignment films 3a and 3b are applied and baked on the transparent electrodes. A combined liquid crystal element was produced. After that, the nematic liquid crystal 4 is sealed and the liquid crystal element is irradiated with ultraviolet light using the ultraviolet lamp 5 to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Further, in order to increase the efficiency of ultraviolet light irradiation, one transparent electrode of the transparent electrode substrate may be made thinner than the other transparent electrode to increase the transmittance of ultraviolet light and increase the efficiency of ultraviolet light irradiation. Furthermore, when performing ultraviolet light irradiation processing using ultraviolet light having high intensity, it is possible to insert a liquid crystal display element as a buffer and perform ultraviolet light irradiation processing on a plurality of liquid crystal display elements.

Further, in the present invention, by introducing a chemical structure having a pyrimidine skeleton into the liquid crystal and the alignment film material,
The effect received from ultraviolet light can be further enhanced.

A method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail. For example, a float glass having good smoothness is used as a transparent substrate, and indium oxide (In ₂ O ₃ ), tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) and ITO are used as transparent electrodes on this substrate.
(Indium tin oxide) or the like is provided by vacuum vapor deposition, sputtering, CVD or the like, and is further formed by coating using a resin such as polyimide, polyamide, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, acryl, epoxy or urethane. Further, the alignment film may be directly provided on the transparent electrode, or an insulating film may be provided on the transparent electrode and then formed thereon. The alignment film provided in this way is rubbed with synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, cotton, and natural fibers such as wool, and the rubbed surface is placed inside and the liquid crystal is Cleave and make them face each other. Next, the ultraviolet light irradiation treatment, which is a feature of the present invention, is performed. For example, a rare gas discharge tube such as a high pressure mercury lamp or a xenon lamp, a deuterium discharge tube, or the like can be used as a light source. The treatment time depends on the thickness of the liquid crystal and the alignment film material molecules, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer or the alignment film layer, and the wavelength of ultraviolet rays, but is preferably several seconds to several tens of minutes.

[0011]

In the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, it is considered that the charge transport process in the liquid crystal cell smoothly proceeds by irradiating the liquid crystal element with ultraviolet light. As a result, it is considered that, even if the direct current component remains in the alignment film, the electric charge is immediately transported to the interface between the liquid crystal and the alignment film so as to cancel the component, thereby reducing the afterimage and the burning phenomenon.

[0012]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be specifically described. However, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

<Embodiment 1> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate having a size of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,3 are provided thereon. ，
3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,4
-Coating with a polyimide alignment film made of cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride and baking at 250 ° C for 1 hour to give a film thickness of 5
A film of 00Å was formed. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2 in this cell
A mixture (7: 3) in which ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck) was mixed with 009 (manufactured by Merck) was enclosed. Then, 25 mW / cm ² of ultraviolet light is applied to the liquid crystal element after the liquid crystal is sealed.
It was irradiated for a second to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Next, a method for evaluating the obtained liquid crystal element will be described.

The change in the transmittance when a DC bias is applied to the liquid crystal display element is examined below, and the measurement of the relaxation time of the charge generated at the interface is described below.

The transmittance of the liquid crystal display device in the bright state is 100%.
Then, the transmittance is set to 40% and the value is set to 500.
A sine wave of Hz is applied, a DC component of 0.2 V is applied to the waveform as a bias from a certain time, and the polarity of the DC is inverted after a predetermined time. At this time, the internal electric field in the liquid crystal element momentarily increases and the liquid crystal responds to it,
Increased transmittance. After that, as time passes, the charge in the liquid crystal layer is transported to the interface, so that the internal electric field is relaxed and the transmittance is attenuated. Here, the time until the transmitted light is attenuated by 70% is defined as the relaxation time τ of the charge generated at the interface. FIG. 2 shows a typical change in transmittance of the liquid crystal element. The point A corresponds to the moment when the operation of is performed and the point B corresponds to the moment when the operation of is performed. It should be noted that the smaller the relaxation time τ defined here, the more the afterimage and the burning phenomenon are reduced.

Then, as a result of measuring the liquid crystal display element by this method, a relaxation time τ of 11 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 2> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,3 are formed on the transparent electrode. ，
3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aluminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,
A polyimide alignment film made of 4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500 Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-
The mixture (7: 3) in which ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck) was mixed with 2009 (manufactured by Merck) was enclosed. Then, 35 mW / cm ² of ultraviolet light is applied to the liquid crystal element after enclosing the liquid crystal.
It was irradiated for a second to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Next, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 7 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 3> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate having a size of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,3 are provided thereon. ，
A polyimide alignment film composed of 3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and pyromellitic dianhydride is applied, and the temperature is set to 250 ° C.
It was baked for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, the rubbing direction of the two transparent electrode substrates is set to 2
Laminated through spacers at 40 °,
A liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm was produced. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2009 (manufactured by Merck Ltd.)
A mixture (-7: 3) of -1052 (Merck) was sealed. And 25mW is applied to the liquid crystal element after the liquid crystal is sealed.
The liquid crystal display device was obtained by irradiating with ultraviolet light of / cm ² for 10 seconds.

Next, the liquid crystal display device was evaluated by the method described in Example 1, and a relaxation time τ of 10 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 4> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,3 are provided thereon. ，
3,3-Hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 2,2-bis [4- (3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy) phenyl]
A polyimide alignment film made of tridecanetetracarboxylic dianhydride is applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to give a film thickness of 500.
Å formed a film. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-200 was added to this cell.
9 (manufactured by Merck) and ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck) were mixed (7: 3). Then, the liquid crystal element filled with the liquid crystal was irradiated with ultraviolet light of 25 mW / cm ² for 10 seconds to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Next, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 5 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 5> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å was provided on a glass substrate of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 4- (p-aminophenyl) was formed thereon. ) A polyimide alignment film composed of 1-aminopyrimidine and pyromellitic dianhydride is applied, and the coating is performed at 250 ° C. for 1
Firing was performed for a time to form a film having a film thickness of 500Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, the rubbing direction of the two transparent electrode substrates is 240 °.
And a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2009 (manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.) was added to this cell as ZLI-10.
A mixture (7: 3) of 52 (manufactured by Merck) was enclosed. And 25mW / cm for the liquid crystal element after this liquid crystal is enclosed.
Ultraviolet light ² was irradiated for 10 seconds to obtain a liquid crystal display device.

Next, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display device by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 2 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 6> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,3 are formed on the transparent electrode. ，
3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,4
-Coating with a polyimide alignment film made of cyclobutane tetracarboxylic dianhydride and baking at 250 ° C for 1 hour to give a film thickness of 5
A film of 00Å was formed. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2 in this cell
A mixture of ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck & Co.) and 0LI (manufactured by Merck) (7: 3) was added to 4-pentylcyanophenylpyrimidine or 4- (p-hexylphenyl)-.
A liquid crystal containing 10% of a liquid crystal compound having a pyrimidine skeleton such as cyanophenylpyrimidine was added. And
The liquid crystal element filled with the liquid crystal was irradiated with ultraviolet light of 25 mW / cm ² for 10 seconds to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Next, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 2 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 7> Of a pair of 3 × 4 cm glass substrates (thickness: 1.1 mm), a transparent electrode made of indium tin oxide was provided on one side to a thickness of 2000 Å, and the other glass substrate was formed. A similar transparent electrode is provided with a thickness of 1500Å. On these transparent electrodes 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid A polyimide alignment film made of dianhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500 Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. A nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2009 (manufactured by Merck) mixed with ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck) was sealed in the cell (7: 3). Then, the liquid crystal element filled with the liquid crystal was irradiated with ultraviolet light of 25 mW / cm ² for 10 seconds to obtain a liquid crystal display element.

Next, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 7 seconds was obtained.

According to this embodiment, the efficiency and effect of ultraviolet light irradiation are improved as compared with the first embodiment. Example 8 A glass substrate of 15 × 25 cm (thickness 1.1 m
m) with 2000 indium tin oxide transparent electrode
Å with a thickness of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,4 A polyimide alignment film made of cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, these two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 ° to produce a liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm. A nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2009 (manufactured by Merck) mixed with ZLI-1052 (manufactured by Merck) (7: 3) was sealed in the cell.

The liquid crystal element after encapsulating the liquid crystal is placed on the ultraviolet light irradiation device so that the long side (25 cm) of the rectangular liquid crystal element is parallel to the cylindrical ultraviolet lamp having a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 30 cm. The feed rate is 25 mW / cm ² at 1 cm / s.
Then, the liquid crystal display device was obtained by irradiating with ultraviolet light. As a result, 20 devices were produced in 5 minutes. Further, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 11 seconds was obtained.

<Embodiment 9> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å is provided on a glass substrate of 15 × 25 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,
3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4
-Aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,
A polyimide alignment film made of 3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500 Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, the two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 °, and the cell gap was 6 μm.
A liquid crystal cell was manufactured. Nematic liquid crystal ZL in this cell
A mixture (7: 3) of I-2009 (made by Merck) mixed with ZLI-1052 (made by Merck) was enclosed.

Five liquid crystal elements after enclosing the liquid crystal were stacked, and another one was inserted so as to serve as a light buffer between the ultraviolet light source and the stacked liquid crystal element. Then, the long side (25 cm) of the rectangular liquid crystal element was placed on the sending base of the ultraviolet light irradiation device so as to be parallel to the cylindrical ultraviolet lamp having a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 30 cm, and the sending speed was 1 cm / s. And irradiated with 500 mW / cm ² of ultraviolet light to obtain a liquid crystal display device. As a result, 100 devices were manufactured in 5 minutes. Further, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, the relaxation time τ was 5 seconds, 6 seconds, 8 seconds, 10 seconds and 13 seconds in order from the element closer to the light source.

<Comparative Example 1> A liquid crystal display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ultraviolet irradiation was not performed.

On a glass substrate of 3 × 4 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm)
A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide is provided on top of which 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-
Bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid 2
A polyimide alignment film made of an anhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth.
Next, the rubbing direction of the two transparent electrode substrates is 240
The liquid crystal cell having a cell gap of 6 μm was produced by adhering via a spacer at an angle of °. Nematic liquid crystal ZLI-2009 (manufactured by Merck) was added to this cell.
A mixture (7: 3) of 52 (manufactured by Merck) was enclosed.

Next, the evaluation method of the obtained liquid crystal display will be described.

The change in transmittance when a DC bias is applied to the liquid crystal display element is examined below, and the measurement of the relaxation time of the charge generated at the interface is described.

The transmittance of the liquid crystal display device in the bright state is 100%.
Then, the transmittance is set to 40% and the value is set to 500.
A sine wave of Hz is applied, a DC component of 0.2 V is applied to the waveform as a bias from a certain time, and the polarity of the DC is inverted after a predetermined time. At this time, the internal electric field in the liquid crystal element momentarily increases and the liquid crystal responds to it,
Increased transmittance. After that, as time passes, the charge in the liquid crystal layer is transported to the interface, so that the internal electric field is relaxed and the transmittance is attenuated. Here, the time until the transmitted light is attenuated by 70% is defined as the relaxation time τ of the charge generated at the interface. FIG. 2 shows a typical change in transmittance of the liquid crystal element. Point A corresponds to the moment when the above operation is performed, and corresponds to the moment when point B performs the operation.

Then, as a result of measuring the liquid crystal display element by the above method, a relaxation time τ of 23 seconds was obtained.

<Comparative Example 2> A transparent electrode of indium tin oxide having a thickness of 2000 Å was provided on a glass substrate of 15 × 25 cm (thickness: 1.1 mm), and 1,1,1,
3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis [4- (4
-Aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane and 1,2,
A polyimide alignment film made of 3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride was applied and baked at 250 ° C. for 1 hour to form a film having a film thickness of 500 Å. The polyimide film thus obtained was rubbed with a rayon cloth. Next, the two transparent electrode substrates were bonded together via a spacer so that the rubbing direction was 240 °, and the cell gap was 6 μm.
A liquid crystal cell was manufactured. Nematic liquid crystal ZL in this cell
A mixture (7: 3) of I-2009 (made by Merck) mixed with ZLI-1052 (made by Merck) was enclosed.

The liquid crystal element after the liquid crystal was sealed was placed on the feed table of the ultraviolet light irradiation device so that the short side (15 cm) of the rectangular liquid crystal element was parallel to the cylindrical ultraviolet lamp having a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 30 cm. Placed at a feed rate of 1 cm / s, 25 mW / cm
^The liquid crystal display device was obtained by irradiating ultraviolet light of ² . As a result, 12 devices were produced in 5 minutes. Further, as a result of evaluating the liquid crystal display element by the method described in Example 1, a relaxation time τ of 11 seconds was obtained.

In the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 1, the relaxation time τ of the charge generated at the interface was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0043]

[Table 1]

From the above results, considering that the shorter relaxation time τ is more effective in reducing the afterimage and the image sticking phenomenon, the liquid crystal display device manufactured by the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device of the present invention shows the afterimage. It can be seen that the display surface is excellent in uniformity without burning.

In the liquid crystal display elements of Examples 8 to 9 and Comparative Example 2, the number of liquid crystal display elements capable of irradiating ultraviolet rays per minute was evaluated as the production efficiency. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0046]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the above results, the liquid crystal display element manufacturing method of the present invention makes it possible to manufacture a liquid crystal display element having excellent display surface uniformity with no afterimage or burn-in with good production efficiency.

[0048]

According to the present invention, by introducing a step of irradiating ultraviolet light after encapsulating a liquid crystal in the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal display device having a uniform display surface and a small afterimage can be obtained. Can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of ultraviolet light irradiation of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a response characteristic diagram of transmitted light when a DC component is applied to a liquid crystal display element.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b ... Glass substrate, 2a, 2b ... Transparent electrode, 3
a, 3b ... Alignment film, 4 ... Liquid crystal layer, 5 ... UV lamp.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shuichi Ohara 7-1, 1-1 Omika-cho, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Ltd. Hitachi Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Naoki Kikuchi 3300 Hayano, Mobara, Chiba Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinji Hasegawa, 3300 Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Hitachi Device Co., Ltd. Electronic Device Division

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A polymer film for aligning liquid crystal is formed on a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes, at least one of which is transparent, and the polymer film is rubbed to obtain a rubbing direction of 2
The substrates are attached to each other so that the surfaces subjected to the rubbing process face each other such that the surfaces are rubbed so as to form an angle of 00 degrees or more, and the periphery of the substrates is fixed with a sealing material. In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, in which a nematic liquid crystal having a twisted helical structure and having a positive dielectric anisotropy added with an optical rotatory substance is sandwiched, a nematic liquid crystal is provided between substrates provided with a rubbing-treated polymer film. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, which comprises irradiating an ultraviolet light to the liquid crystal display element that holds the liquid crystal. 2. The transparent electrode according to claim 1, wherein the film thickness of the transparent electrode is 50.
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a pair of substrates different from each other by 0Å or more. 3. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a nematic liquid crystal is mixed with a liquid crystal compound having a pyrimidine skeleton. 4. The method for producing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer film is a polyamic acid containing a pyrimidine skeleton. 5. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of liquid crystal display devices are superposed and irradiated with ultraviolet light. 6. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a high-pressure and low-pressure mercury lamp is used as a light source for ultraviolet light irradiation. 7. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a xenon lamp is used as a light source for irradiating ultraviolet light.