KR100407778B1 - OCB mode LCD by photo Allgnment Technology - Google Patents
OCB mode LCD by photo Allgnment Technology Download PDFInfo
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- KR100407778B1 KR100407778B1 KR10-2000-0066446A KR20000066446A KR100407778B1 KR 100407778 B1 KR100407778 B1 KR 100407778B1 KR 20000066446 A KR20000066446 A KR 20000066446A KR 100407778 B1 KR100407778 B1 KR 100407778B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1341—Filling or closing of cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
- G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
- G02F1/1395—Optically compensated birefringence [OCB]- cells or PI- cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
- G02F2203/19—Function characteristic linearised modulation; reduction of harmonic distortions
Abstract
본 발명은 광배향을 이용하여 픽셀 내부는 OCB모드로, 외부는 수직배향으로 각각 달리 배향시켜서 왜곡전기장에 의한 배향결함을 최소화하고, 접촉적인 러빙공정을 비접촉식 광배향공정으로 대체하므로써 제조공정의 불량요인을 없애 생산수율을 향상시키도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광배향을 적용한 OCB 모드 액정 디스플레이 제조방법에 관한 것으로,The present invention uses the optical alignment to align the inside of the pixel in the OCB mode, and the outside in the vertical orientation, so as to minimize the alignment defect due to the distorted electric field, and to replace the contact rubbing process with a non-contact optical alignment process defects of the manufacturing process The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an OCB mode liquid crystal display using an optical alignment, which removes a factor to improve a production yield.
투명전극(ITO)이 증착된 유리기판에 스핀코팅(spin coating)하여 열처리하는 단계와;Heat-treating by spin coating a glass substrate on which a transparent electrode (ITO) is deposited;
이 기판들을 자외선 램프를 사용하여 1J/㎠의 편광된 자외선을 마스크를 통해 필섹부분만 조사하여 픽셀내부는 수평배향이 되고 그외의 부분은 수직배향이 되도록 처리하는 단계와;Irradiating 1J / cm 2 of polarized ultraviolet rays through the mask with only the fill section portion using a UV lamp to treat the substrates so that the inside of the pixel is horizontally aligned and the other portions are vertically aligned;
표면에 4.5㎛ 스페이서(spacer)를 산포하고 이를 역시 광배향된 PVCN(Poly vinly cinnamate)코팅 ITO와 접착후 액정을 주입하고 주입구를 봉지하여 액정셀을 완성하는 단계로 이루어짐이 특징이다.It is characterized in that the liquid crystal cell is formed by dispersing 4.5 μm spacers on the surface and injecting the liquid crystal after adhesion with polyvinyl cinnamate (PVCN) coated ITO.
Description
본 발명은 광배향을 적용한 OCB 모드 액정 디스플레이 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 광배향을 이용하여 픽셀 내부는 OCB모드로, 외부는 수직배향으로 각각 달리 배향시켜서 왜곡전기장에 의한 배향결함을 최소화하고, 접촉적인 러빙공정을 비접촉식 광배향공정으로 대체하므로써 제조공정의 불량요인을 없애 생산수율을 향상시키도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광배향을 적용한 OCB 모드 액정 디스플레이 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an OCB mode liquid crystal display using an optical alignment, and in particular, by using the optical alignment, the inside of the pixel in the OCB mode, and the outside in the vertical alignment are differently oriented so as to minimize the alignment defect due to the distortion electric field, The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an OCB mode liquid crystal display using an optical alignment, in which a rubbing process is replaced with a non-contact optical alignment process to improve a production yield by eliminating defects in the manufacturing process.
일반적으로 액정표시장치는 뛰어난 화질과 얇고 가벼운 외관, 낮은 에너지소비 등의 장점으로 노트북 컴퓨터, 모니터, 자동차 운행 정보시스템(Car Navigation system) 등에 널리 쓰이고 있다.In general, LCDs are widely used in notebook computers, monitors, and car navigation systems due to their excellent image quality, thin and light appearance, and low energy consumption.
그러나 상기와 같은 액정표시장치가 갖는 좁은 시야각과 느린 응답속도로 인해 대화면적용이나 동영상에 대한 요구를 제대로 수용하지 못하고 있다.However, due to the narrow viewing angle and slow response speed of the liquid crystal display device as described above, a large screen application or a demand for video cannot be properly accommodated.
따라서, 기존의 TN(Twisted Nematic)모드 액정디스플레이 장치가 CRT(Cathod Ray Tube)에 비해 응답속도와 시야각에서 열등한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 OCB, IPS, VA 등 여러가지 모드에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다.Therefore, in order to solve the inferior problems in response speed and viewing angle of the conventional twisted nematic (TN) mode liquid crystal display device compared to the CRT (Cathod Ray Tube), various modes such as OCB, IPS, and VA are being studied.
이들 중 OCB(Optically Compensated Birefringence)모드 액정디스플레이 장치는 같은 방향으로 배향된 두 기판 사이에 네마틱 액정이 존재하여 휘어진 구조 (Bend Structure)를 갖고 있다.Among them, an OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence) mode liquid crystal display device has a bent structure in which nematic liquid crystals exist between two substrates oriented in the same direction.
이 모드는 현재 가장 널리 쓰이는 TN모드 액정 디스플레이와 비교하여 빠른 응답속도를 갖고 있어 동영상 장치로 응용될 수 있다. 또한 적절한 시야각 보상을 이용하면 기존 장치보다 넓은 시야각을 구현할 수 있다.This mode has fast response speed compared to the TN mode liquid crystal display which is widely used at present, and can be applied as a video device. Proper viewing angle compensation also allows for a wider viewing angle than conventional devices.
그러나, OCB모드의 문제점은 액정의 구부러진 구조를 어떻게 안정화 하는가 이다. 이를 해결하기 위해 블랙전압(Black Voltage)을 프레임마다 가해주는 싸이클 리셋팅(Cycle Resetting)방법 등이 제안되었으나, 높은 구동전압을 가할때 생기는 왜곡된 전기장에 의한 배향결함으로 화질 저하가 발생한다.However, the problem of OCB mode is how to stabilize the curved structure of the liquid crystal. In order to solve this problem, a cycle reset method for applying a black voltage to each frame has been proposed. However, image degradation occurs due to an orientation defect caused by a distorted electric field generated when a high driving voltage is applied.
이를 해결하기 위해서는 부분적으로 다른 배향을 만드는 방법이 요구되나 기존의 러빙방법으로는 이를 구현하기 어려운 문제점이 있다.In order to solve this problem, a partially different orientation is required, but there is a problem in that it is difficult to implement the conventional rubbing method.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결코자 하는 것으로, 광배향법을 도입하여 OCB모드를 채택한 액정 디스플레이의 배향 안정화를 위한 방법을 제공토록 하는데 그 목적이 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method for stabilizing alignment of a liquid crystal display employing an OCB mode by introducing a photoalignment method.
즉, 본 발명은 기존의 러빙방법이 아닌 광배향을 이용하여 액정이 휨구조 (Bend Structure)를 갖는 안정하고 공정이 용이한 OCB모드를 구현하는 것으로, 그 원리는 광배향을 이용하여 픽셀 내부는 OCB모드로 외부는 수직배향으로 각각 달리 배향시켜서 왜곡전기장에 의한 배향결함을 최소화하고, 접촉적인 러빙공정을 비접촉식 광배향공정으로 대체하므로써 제조공정의 불량요인을 없애 생산수율을 향상시키는 것이다.That is, the present invention implements a stable and easy to process OCB mode in which the liquid crystal has a bend structure by using an optical orientation instead of a conventional rubbing method. In the OCB mode, the exterior is oriented differently in the vertical orientation to minimize the alignment defect caused by the distorted electric field, and the contact rubbing process is replaced by the non-contact optical alignment process, thereby eliminating defects in the manufacturing process to improve the production yield.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 수단으로,As a means for achieving the above object,
투명전극(ITO)이 증착된 유리기판에 스핀코팅(spin coating)하여 열처리하는 단계와;Heat-treating by spin coating a glass substrate on which a transparent electrode (ITO) is deposited;
이 기판들을 자외선 램프를 사용하여 1J/㎠의 편광된 자외선을 마스크를 통해 필섹부분만 조사하여 픽셀내부는 수평배향이 되고 그외의 부분은 수직배향이 되도록 처리하는 단계와;Irradiating 1J / cm 2 of polarized ultraviolet rays through the mask with only the fill section portion using a UV lamp to treat the substrates so that the inside of the pixel is horizontally aligned and the other portions are vertically aligned;
표면에 4.5㎛ 스페이서(spacer)를 산포하고 이를 역시 광배향된 PVCN코팅 ITO와 접착후 액정을 주입하고 주입구를 봉지하여 액정셀을 완성하는 단계로 제조함이 특징이다.It is characterized by manufacturing the liquid crystal cell by dispersing the 4.5㎛ spacer on the surface and injecting the liquid crystal after adhesion with the photo-aligned PVCN coated ITO and sealing the injection hole.
도 1a는 OCB모드의 구동원리를 나타낸 것으로, 전압을 인가하기전 상태도.Figure 1a shows the driving principle of the OCB mode, a state diagram before applying a voltage.
도 1b는 OBC모드의 구동원리를 나타낸 것으로, 저전압을 인가한 상태도.Figure 1b shows the driving principle of the OBC mode, a state in which a low voltage is applied.
도 1c는 OBC모드의 구동원리를 나타낸 것으로, 고전압을 인가한 상태도.Figure 1c shows the driving principle of the OBC mode, a state in which a high voltage is applied.
도 2는 본 발명의 OBC모드 작동상태도.Figure 2 is an OBC mode operation state diagram of the present invention.
<도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>
10: 기판 20: 액정10: substrate 20: liquid crystal
30: 비선택영역 40: 선택영역30: non-selection area 40: selection area
이하에서 도면을 참조로 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
본 발명의 OCB모드의 구동시 나타나는 배향결합을 광배향을 이용하여 감소시키고자 하는 것이다.It is intended to reduce the orientation bonds generated when driving the OCB mode of the present invention by using optical alignment.
먼저, 도 1을 통해 OCB모드의 구동원리를 나타내면 다음과 같다.First, the driving principle of the OCB mode through FIG. 1 is as follows.
OCB(Optically Compensated Birefringence)모드 액정디스플레이 장치는 같은 방향으로 배향된 두 기판(10)사이에 네마틱 액정(20)이 존재하여 휘어진 구조(Bend Structure)로서, 일반적인 OCB 모드는 전압이 가해지지 않은 상태에서 퍼짐번형 (Splay Deformation) 구조의 액정배향을 나타낸다(도 1a).The OCB (Optically Compensated Birefringence) mode liquid crystal display device is a bent structure in which a nematic liquid crystal 20 is present between two substrates 10 oriented in the same direction. In the general OCB mode, no voltage is applied. Shows the liquid crystal alignment of the Splay Deformation structure (Fig. 1a).
그리고 구동시 안정한 휨구조(Bend Structure)를 만들기 위해 투과상태에서 약한 전압을 인가하여 퍼짐변형 상태에서 휨변형 상태로의 상전이가 일어나도록 한다(도 1b).In addition, a weak voltage is applied in a transmission state to make a stable bend structure during driving so that a phase transition from a spread deformation state to a bending deformation state occurs (FIG. 1B).
따라서 실제 구동은 이 휨변형 구조가 더 높은 전압에 의해 거의 평행배열에 가까워지면서 일어나게 된다(도 1c).Therefore, the actual driving occurs as this bending deformation structure approaches the parallel arrangement by the higher voltage (Fig. 1C).
이처럼 저전압과 고전압을 번갈아 가하면서 액정구동이 이루어지게 되는데, 비투과상태인 고전압에서는 전극주변에 왜곡된 전기장의 크기가 증가하여 비선택영역(30)에 있는 액정층의 배향이 변하면서 배향결합을 일으킨다.As described above, the liquid crystal drive is performed by alternating low and high voltages. In the high voltage of the non-transmissive state, the magnitude of the distorted electric field increases around the electrode to change the orientation of the liquid crystal layer in the non-selected region 30, thereby causing orientation coupling. .
이로 인해 완전한 비투과상태가 이루어지지 못하여 콘트라스트(Contrast)를 떨어뜨리는 결과가 발생한다.This results in a lack of complete impermeability, resulting in a drop in contrast.
본 발명은 이를 보다 효과적으로 대처하기 위한 것으로, 비선택영역(30)을수직배향이 되도록 하여 왜곡 전기장에 의한 액정구동효과가 감소하여 배향결함을 최소화 할 수 있도록 하였다.In order to cope with this more effectively, the present invention allows the non-selected region 30 to be vertically oriented so that the liquid crystal driving effect due to the distorted electric field is reduced to minimize alignment defects.
이를 나타낸 것이 도 2이다.This is illustrated in FIG. 2.
본 발명에 이용되는 광배향은 배향막 표면에 자외선을 조사하여 표면상태를 변화시키는 방법으로 이를 이용할 경우 자외선 조사전에 액정이 수직배향되는 상태를 수평배향으로 바꿀 수 있다. 또한 마스크를 사용하면 선택적으로 특정부위의 배향을 바꿀 수 있게 된다.The photoalignment used in the present invention is a method of changing the surface state by irradiating the surface of the alignment layer with ultraviolet rays, and when using this, it is possible to change the state in which the liquid crystal is vertically aligned before the ultraviolet irradiation to the horizontal alignment. Using masks also allows you to selectively change the orientation of specific areas.
앞서 기술한 OCB 모드의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 기판 표면에 배향막을 도포하고 자외선을 조사하여 광배향시켜 OCB 모드를 형성하면 선택영역(전극이 중착된 영역, 40)에는 OCB모드가 그리고 비선택영역(전극이 중착되지 않은 영역, 30)에는 수직배향을 형성하여 왜곡된 전기장에 의한 효과를 감소시킬 수 있다.In order to solve the problems of the OCB mode described above, when the alignment layer is applied to the surface of the substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to photoalign the OCB mode, the OCB mode is selected in the selected region (the electrode is stacked), and the non-selective region ( In the region where the electrode is not stacked, the vertical alignment may be formed to reduce the effect of the distorted electric field.
또한 광배향은 비접촉식이므로 기존 러빙방식을 적용하여 발생하는 정전기, 이물질 등을 원천적으로 배제할 수 있어 제조공정의 생산수율을 향상시킬 수 있다In addition, since the optical orientation is non-contact, it is possible to fundamentally exclude static electricity and foreign substances generated by applying the existing rubbing method, thereby improving the production yield of the manufacturing process.
실시예)Example
알드리치(Aldrich)사의 PVCN(Polyvinly cinnamate)을 클로로벤젠에 1% 녹인 후 ITO가 증착된 유리기판에 스핀코팅(spin coating)하여 섭씨 150도에서 1시간 열처리하였다. 이 기판들을 오리엘(ORIEL Co.)사의 자외선 램프를 사용하여 1J/㎠의 편광된 자외선을 마스크를 통해 필섹부분만 조사하여 픽셀내부는 수평배향이 되고 그외의 부분은 수직배향이 되도록 처리하였다. 표면에 4.5㎛ 스페이서(spacer)를 산포하고 이를 역시 광배향된 PVCN코팅 TIO와 접착하였다. 여기에 머크(MERCK)사의MLC6012 액정을 주입하고 주입구를 봉지하여 액정셀을 완성하였다.Aldrich's polyvinly cinnamate (PVCN) was dissolved in chlorobenzene in 1%, and spin-coated on a glass substrate on which ITO was deposited, followed by heat treatment at 150 degrees Celsius for 1 hour. The substrates were treated with a UV lamp of ORIEL Co., and irradiated with 1J / cm 2 of polarized light through a mask, so that the inside of the pixel was horizontally oriented and the other parts were vertically oriented. 4.5 μm spacers were scattered on the surface and were also bonded with photo-aligned PVCN coated TIO. Merck's MLC6012 liquid crystal was injected and the injection port was sealed to complete the liquid crystal cell.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명을 이용하면 선택영역(전극이 중착된 영역)에는 OCB모드가 그리고 비선택영역(전극이 중착되지 않은 영역)에는 수직배향을 형성하여 왜곡된 전기장에 의한 효과를 감소시킬 수 있는 효과를 제공한다.As described above, the present invention can reduce the effects of distorted electric fields by forming an OCB mode in the selected region (region where the electrode is stacked) and a vertical alignment in the non-selected region (the region where the electrodes are not stacked). Provide the effect.
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