JPH06147019A - Substituting-mixing type emulsion fuel production system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an efficient and practical emulsion fuel producing system as a means for reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) in diesel engine exhaust gas, and reducing the exhaust black smoke or fuel consumption ratio of an engine. CONSTITUTION:An emulsion fuel producing chamber 4, having a fuel suction hole 2 to the upstream side of a flow and a water or alcohol water jet hole 3 to the downstream side, is provided between the nozzle holder 5 of the fuel jet nozzle of a diesel engine and a jet pump. A substitutional pump, etc., driven by the power of the engine or electricity, is operated, according to an operating condition when the engine is operated, to suck fuel from a fuel suction hole; concurrently, water or alcohol water, in which appropriate alcohol is added, having the equal capacity is spirally jetted from the jet hole to produce emulsion fuel for jetting from the jet nozzle.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emulsion fuel for operating a diesel engine and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An emulsion produced by adding water to a conventional fuel as a means for reducing nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) in exhaust gas of a diesel engine and reducing engine exhaust black smoke and fuel consumption rate. It is known that a water injection diesel engine that uses fuel and injects water into a cylinder simultaneously with injection of diesel fuel is effective.

However, the conventional emulsion fuel lacks consideration for weather conditions such as the severe winter season, and the emulsion fuel production system conventionally proposed has
It was mechanically complicated and had problems in its practicality as a system.

[0004]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an emulsion fuel containing a practical component in consideration of climatic conditions such as the severe winter, and to meet the operating conditions of the engine. , The water-fuel ratio can be adjusted quickly, the water remaining in the fuel injection system can be easily discharged when the engine is stopped, and the emulsion fuel can be supplied at the optimum timing at the start, It is to provide a practical and highly reliable emulsion fuel generation system that can be applied to a number of diesel engine vehicles currently on the market by partially modifying the engine.

[0005]

The first invention of the present application is to lower the freezing point by adding alcohols to water used for emulsion fuel. As typical alcohols,
Methanol has been studied as a fuel for engines. Methanol is water soluble and mixes well with water.

The second invention of the present application is a method for producing an emulsion fuel using the alcoholic water of the first invention, in which an emulsion fuel producing chamber is provided between the injection pipe from the fuel injection pump and the nozzle holder of the injection nozzle. It is provided. The emulsion fuel production chamber has a suction hole and an injection hole at upstream and downstream sides, respectively, and sucks fuel from the upstream side and at the same time injects the same volume of alcoholic water from the downstream side. By keeping the balance, the liquid volume in the emulsion fuel generation chamber is always kept constant. Therefore, the liquid pressure in the emulsion fuel production chamber is hardly changed by suction and injection from the suction holes and the injection holes.

The third invention of the present application is to produce an emulsion fuel in order to improve the production efficiency of the emulsion fuel by instantaneously mixing the diesel fuel oil and the alcohol water of the emulsion fuel in the emulsion fuel production chamber of the second invention. By displacing the injection direction of the alcohol water injection hole of the chamber from the central direction of the emulsion fuel production chamber, a swirl is formed by the alcohol water injection in the production chamber.

[0008]

[Function] Fig. 1 shows the transition of the freezing point when methanol and ethanol, that is, methyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol are added to water. 10% by weight of methanol is added to water.
By adding it, the freezing point becomes about -7 ° C. When 35% by weight of methanol is added to water, the freezing point becomes about -35 ° C. By adding alcohol to water, the specific gravity becomes lighter than that of water alone, and the miscibility with diesel fuel is also improved. In addition, the possibility that bacteria, bacteria, scale, etc. will be generated in the pipelines related to water will be reduced.

In FIG. 2, the fuel Q ₁ from the injection pump is supplied to the emulsion fuel generation chamber 4 of the modified nozzle holder 5 through the connector 1 of the injection pipe. At this time, part of the fuel Q ₂ is sucked from the suction hole 2 and at the same time, alcohol water Q ₃ is injected from the injection hole 3. At this time, Q ₁ > Q ₂ = Q ₃ , and the volume and static pressure of the liquid in the emulsion fuel production chamber do not change due to the entrance and exit of Q ₂ and Q ₃ . Q ₁ is the flow rate determined by the injection of the fuel injection pump, which is an intermittent pulsed flow, while Q ₂ and Q ₃ are continuous flows using a gear pump, piston pump, oscillating actuator, etc. , Q ₂ and Q ₃ are connected to the input / output shafts of the pumps to adjust the flow rates of suction and injection and balance the driving torque. Since Q ₂ and Q ₃ are continuous flows as compared to Q ₁ , they are flowing even at the moment when the injection of Q ₁ is stopped, and while sucking diesel fuel in the emulsion fuel generation chamber from the suction hole 2. ，
Alcohol water is ejected from the injection hole 3 to generate the emulsion fuel while displacing the diesel fuel and the alcohol water, so naturally the emulsion fuel region moves from the injection hole 3 to the suction hole 2, Next injection Q ₁
Occurs, the area of the emulsion fuel is pulled back toward the injection hole 3. Therefore, the positional relationship between the suction holes 2 and the injection holes 3 and the shape of the emulsion fuel generation chamber are calculated and designed so that the generated emulsion fuel will not be sucked from the suction holes 2 in the entire operating range of the diesel engine. Has been done. The injection hole 3 has a smaller diameter than the suction hole 2.

At the time of injection of the injection pump, a pressure exceeding 200 kg / cm is applied to the emulsion fuel production chamber.
Even in such a case, the alcohol water Q ₃ can be injected into the emulsion fuel production chamber by driving the pump with a small torque according to the pressure difference between Q ₂ and Q ₃ . For the pump used for this suction and injection, the type, material and processing precision are selected so that internal leakage is reduced. In addition, since the amount of leakage varies depending on the flow rate, pressure, temperature, liquid viscosity, regular pump rotation speed, etc., the usage conditions of the corresponding diesel engine are calculated and the theoretical discharge amount of the suction and injection pumps is limited. There may be a difference.

FIG. 3 shows an emulsion fuel producing chamber which can be attached to a connector of an existing injection nozzle holder. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the cut. The normal mounting position is such that the connector 1 of the injection pipe is on the top and the connector 6 of the nozzle holder is mounted just below the vertical. Since the injection hole 3 of the alcohol water is eccentrically attached to the center line of the emulsion fuel production chamber, the injection flow Q ₃ of the alcohol water forms a vortex 7 in the emulsion fuel main chamber and surrounds it. Emulsion fuel A immediately in the area
To form. At this time, the area of unmixed diesel fuel is B
Becomes Since the area A of the emulsion fuel has a slightly higher specific gravity than the area B of the diesel fuel, the emulsion fuel has a property of sinking in the direction of the injection nozzle, that is, downward.

At the time of stopping the operation of diesel ethidine, immediately before that, the suction Q ₂ of fuel and the injection Q _{3 of} alcoholic water are stopped and the emulsion fuel A is completely injected from the injection nozzle, or Q ₂ and Q immediately before the stop. Reverse the direction of the flow of ₃ and slightly inject diesel fuel from Q ₂ ,
It is also possible to slightly suck the emulsion fuel from Q ₃ . In this way, the next time the engine is started, it will be possible to start operation using only diesel fuel, and the emulsion fuel will stay in the pipes for a long time. It is possible to eliminate the problems that occur separately. This is possible because the system can limit the production area of emulsion fuel to an extremely small size, and the emulsion itself can be generated instantaneously. The water - for performed by adjusting the flow rate of change is also Q ₂ and Q ₃ of the fuel ratio, water - relative adjustment of the fuel ratio, good response. Optimal control can be performed relatively easily.

[0013]

EXAMPLE FIG. 5 shows a 3-port 2-position switching valve 81, 8
2, 83, 84, reciprocating pistons 101, 102, the same cylinder 12, and a cam mechanism 13 for driving the piston rod 9, and a substitution mixed emulsion fuel supply system. The power taken out from the fan belt drives the cam mechanism 13 to push the piston rod 9. At the same time, 3-port 2-position switching valves 81, 82, 83, 8
Press 4 to determine the flow direction. The static pressure applied to the suction hole 2 and the injection hole 3 is equal. Diesel fuel B is sucked from the emulsion fuel generation chamber 4 into the cylinder chamber E through the suction hole 2 and the switching valve 82. At this time, the diesel fuel F on the opposite side is returned by the piston 102 to the intake pipe of the fuel feed pump through the switching valve 84. Next, the alcohol water sucked from the alcohol water tank is sucked into the cylinder chamber C through the switching valve 83. The alcoholic water in the silicider chamber D on the opposite side is injected into the emulsion fuel production chamber 4 through the injection hole 3 through the switching valve 81 by pressing the piston 101 to form the emulsion fuel A. The emulsion fuel A thus formed is discharged from the injection nozzle direction 6 according to the flow Q ₁ of the injection pump.
The process volumes of C, D, E, and F are calculated to be at least several seconds per stroke with respect to the normal engine speed. The operating speed of the piston rod 9 is controlled by calculating engine speed, accelerator opening, load level, exhaust gas status, etc., including operation, stop, and reverse rotation.

FIG. 6 shows a Mitsubishi 6D22 type diesel engine to which a displacement mixed emulsion fuel production system is applied. The fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 14 to the feed pump 16 through the water separator 15, and further from the fuel filter 17 to the fuel injection pump 18.
The fuel injected from the fuel injection pump 18 reaches the emulsion fuel production chamber 4. On the other hand, methanol water is injected from the injection hole 3 of the emulsion fuel production chamber through the dual gear pump 20 from the methanol water tank containing 30% by weight of methanol. At the same time, the same amount of fuel is
The water separator 15 is sucked by the continuous pump 20.
To the middle of the pipe from the feed pump 16 to the feed pump 16. The produced emulsion fuel is used as the fuel injection nozzle 21.
More injected into the engine cylinder. The dual gear pump 20 is driven by the hydraulic pressure that rotates a small variable pump by the power taken out from the fan belt of the engine. These can be easily changed to electric. The speed control of the dual gear pump 20 includes a small clutch, a brake unit, the engine speed, an accelerator opening signal,
Program controlled by load signal and exhaust gas signal. In addition, stainless steel or nickel-coated parts are used in the required parts of the methanol water supply system.

[0015]

According to the present invention, as an emulsion fuel for a diesel engine, alcohol is appropriately added to water, so that it is unlikely to be restricted in use due to meteorological conditions such as low temperature, and the miscibility with fuel oil is improved. is doing. Furthermore, the emulsion fuel production chamber installed on the upstream side of the injection nozzle is added and mixed with alcohol water by a displacement mixing system and a unique method of swirling rapid mixing. It is possible to provide a practical emulsion fuel generation system with good controllability without being restricted by the injection timing.

[0016]

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] A characteristic diagram of alcohol concentration and freezing point, in which the freezing point-concentration characteristic of ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol is representatively shown.

FIG. 2 is a basic explanatory view of an emulsion fuel production chamber integrated with an injection nozzle.

FIG. 3 is a view of an emulsion fuel generation chamber of a type that is attached to a connector of an injection nozzle holder with a screw.

[FIG. 4] An explanatory view for forming a vortex by eccentricizing the injection direction of the alcohol water injection hole.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of an embodiment using a reciprocating piston pump and a 3-port 2-position switching valve.

[Fig. 6] A principle diagram of applying a displacement mixed emulsion fuel generation system to a Mitsubishi 6D22 diesel engine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Injection pipe connector 2 ... Fuel suction hole 3 ... Alcohol water injection hole 4 ... Emulsion fuel generation chamber 5 ... Nozzle holder 6 ... Ordinary nozzle holder connector 7 ... Vortex generation 81, 82, 83, 84 ... 3 port 2 Position switching valve 9 ... Piston rod 101, 102 ... Piston 11 ... Seal 12 ... Cylinder 13 ... Cam mechanism 14 ... Fuel tank 15 ... Water separator 16 ... Feed pump 17 ... Fuel filter 18 ... Fuel injection pump 19 ... 30 wt% Methanol water Tank 20 ... Double gear pump 20 ... Injection nozzle

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 16, 1992

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 3

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

At the time of injection of the injection pump, a pressure exceeding 200 kg / cm ² is applied to the emulsion fuel generation chamber, but even in such a case, the pump can be driven by a small torque according to the pressure difference between Q ₂ and Q _3. For example, it is possible to inject the alcohol water Q ₃ into the emulsion fuel production chamber. For the pump used for this suction and injection, the type, material and processing precision are selected so that internal leakage is reduced. In addition, since the amount of leakage varies depending on the flow rate, pressure, temperature, liquid viscosity, regular pump rotation speed, etc., the usage conditions of the corresponding diesel engine are calculated and the theoretical discharge amount of the suction and injection pumps is limited. There may be a difference.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 6 shows a Mitsubishi 6D22 diesel engine to which a displacement mixed emulsion fuel generation system is applied. The fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 14 to the feed pump 16 through the water separator 15, and further from the fuel filter 17 to the fuel injection pump 18.
The fuel injected from the fuel injection pump 18 reaches the emulsion fuel production chamber 4. On the other hand, methanol water is injected from the injection hole 3 of the emulsion fuel production chamber through the dual gear pump 20 from the methanol water tank containing 30% by weight of methanol. At the same time, the same amount of fuel is
The water separator 15 is sucked by the continuous pump 20.
To the middle of the pipe from the feed pump 16 to the feed pump 16. The produced emulsion fuel is used as the fuel injection nozzle 21.
Is injected into the cylinder of the engine. The dual gear pump 20 is driven by the hydraulic pressure that rotates a small variable pump by the power taken out from the fan belt of the engine. These can be easily changed to electric. The speed control of the dual gear pump 20 includes a small clutch, a brake unit, the engine speed, an accelerator opening signal,
Program controlled by load signal and exhaust gas signal. In addition, stainless steel or nickel-coated parts are used in the required parts of the methanol water supply system. FIG. 7 is a view showing a Mitsubishi 6D22 diesel engine that employs a separation-type substitution mixed emulsion fuel production system in which a suction hole chamber and an injection hole chamber, that is, an emulsion fuel production chamber are separated. A double gear pump unit 20 installed near the injection hole of the injection fuel connected to the injection port of the injection pump and the injection pump sucks the fuel immediately after the injection port of the injection pump through the suction hole 2 and at the same time of the emulsion fuel generation chamber. Water or methanol water is injected from the injection hole 3 to generate emulsion fuel. Since this separation method sucks fuel at the injection outlet of the fuel injection pump,
It is possible to use only one pipe from the displacement pump to the injection nozzle, and the mixed emulsion fuel is not sucked backward through the suction hole 2. When applied to a used engine on the market, the injection pipe can be used as it is by making the suction hole chamber and the emulsion fuel generation chamber have the same length and size. In addition, if the discharge port of the injection pump is modified so that it is integrated with the replacement pump unit, it becomes structurally more compact. Flow rating of the displacement pump is set to degrees about 50% of the rated average amount of fuel to be injected by the injection Poshipu market
When it is applied to current vehicles that are on the market, replacement pumps
Control is ON / OFF control, ethidine speed and fuel injection
Proportional control proportional to the amount and fuel-water mixing ratio in two stages,
Or combine switching control to switch to three stages
The mechanism is practical. FIG. 9 shows the separation-type displacement mixing
The principle of the emulsion fuel production chamber
The fuel injection flow is injected by the throttle 23, and the egg-shaped emulsion
A vertical vortex flow is generated in the water generation chamber, while water or meta
Inject lateral water Q ₃ from 3 to generate lateral vortex
This enhances the mixing effect. Furthermore, FIG.
11 using the injection pump 26 of the same type as the material injection pump.
Like the injection stop timing of the fuel injection pump
Then, the water or methanol water is reversed by the injection pump 26.
The pilot operated check valve 24 is opened at the same time when the stop valve 25 is opened.
And the sequence valve 27 is opened, and the emulsion fuel production chamber
To produce emulsion fuel by injecting
It The sequence valve 27 is used when the injection of the fuel injection pump is stopped.
Operates at almost the same pressure as the pressure value remaining in the injection pipe
Is set so that the injection pump 26 operates
The pressure rise limit of the fuel generation chamber 4 is the injection pressure of the injection nozzle.
It is set to about 50% of the power.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a characteristic diagram of alcohol concentration and freezing point, typically showing freezing point-concentration characteristics of ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol.

FIG. 2 is a basic explanatory view of an emulsion fuel production chamber integrated with an injection nozzle.

FIG. 3 is a view of an emulsion fuel generation chamber of a type that is screwed to a connector of an injection nozzle holder.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for forming a vortex by eccentricizing the injection direction of the above-mentioned alcohol water injection hole.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of an embodiment using a reciprocating piston pump and a 3-port 2-position switching valve.

FIG. 6 is a principle diagram in which a displacement mixed emulsion fuel generation system is applied to a Mitsubishi 6D22 diesel engine.

[Figure 7] Mitsubishi 6D22 diesel engine separated
Principle of applying a mixed mixing emulsion fuel production system
Fig.

FIG. 8: Fuel injection amount Q ₁ (t) of fuel injection pump and average
Injection amount, illustration of the flow rate _Q 2, _{Q 3} of the displacement pump.

FIG. 9: Separated displacement mixed emulsion fuel production system
The principle diagram of the egg-type emulsion fuel production chamber of Mu.

FIG. 10 is an intermittent injection separation type device synchronized with a fuel injection pump.
FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of a remixing type emulsion fuel production system.

FIG. 11: Fuel injection pump and water or methanol water injection port
Of the injection mode of the pump.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 ... Injection pipe connector 2 ... Fuel suction hole 3 ... Alcohol water injection hole 4 ... Emulsion fuel generation chamber 5 ... Nozzle holder 6 ... Ordinary nozzle holder connector 7 ... Vortex generation 81, 82, 83, 84 ... 3-port 2-position switching valve 9 ... Piston rod 101, 102 ... Piston 11 ... Seal 12 ... Cylinder 13 ... Cam mechanism 14 ... Fuel tank 15 ... Water separator 16 ... Feed pump 17 ... Fuel filter 18 ... Fuel injection pump 19 ... 30 wt% methanol water tank 20 ... Double gear pump (displacement pump) 21 ... Injection nozzle 22 ... Suction hole chamber for injection fuel of injection pump. 23 ... Throttle 24 ... Pilot operated check valve 25 ... Check valve 26 ... Plunger injection pump 27 for water or methanol water ... Sequence valve

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 7

[Correction method] Added

[Correction content]

[Figure 7]

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 8

[Correction method] Added

[Correction content]

[Figure 8]

[Procedure Amendment 8]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 9

[Correction method] Added

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[Figure 9]

[Procedure Amendment 9]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Fig. 10

[Correction method] Added

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[Figure 10]

[Procedure Amendment 10]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 11

[Correction method] Added

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FIG. 11

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for operating a diesel engine,
An emulsion fuel in which an appropriate amount of alcohol is added to water in an emulsion fuel in which fuel and water are mixed. 2. A part of the fuel from the injection pump on the upstream injection pump side, between the injection pipe coming out of the injection pump and the injection nozzle holder, as means for producing emulsion fuel for operating a diesel engine. Emulsion fuel production chamber with a hole for sucking water, and a hole for injecting the hydro-alcoholic liquid mixture on the injection nozzle side on the downstream side. , A method of generating emulsion fuel by sucking part of the fuel supplied from the injection pump and at the same time, injecting a hydro-alcohol mixed liquid of the same volume as the suction amount from the injection hole on the downstream side. 3. The production of emulsion fuel is promoted by shifting the injection direction of the injection port of the hydro-alcoholic liquid mixture in the emulsion fuel production chamber from the center line of the production chamber and generating a vortex by the injection flow. Method.