JPH06146185A - Dry type opener - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a dry type opener capable of opening fiber so as to minimize the breakage and efficiently opening lignin. CONSTITUTION:This opener is obtained by radially erecting plural blade plates on one surface of a rotating disk 2 at a prescribed distance from the rotation central shaft part and respectively providing leading plates composed of an elastic plate having the free end of the tip in the centrifugal direction at the tip of each blade body, housing the rotating disk in a casing body 10 of an internal gear shape, securing a lid body having a raw material suction port 12 to one surface side of the casing body and an auxiliary casing body 44 to the other surface side, housing a blasting fan for discharging the raw material sucked from the raw material suction port together with an air stream from a discharge port 42 and making the tip of an ozone supply pipe 71 extended from an ozone discharge port of an ozonizer 70 communicate with a part on the upstream side of the casing body.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry defibration apparatus for making a material obtained by binding fibers into a fluff fiber by a dry method. The present invention relates to a defibrating device that disintegrates into a shape, and further relates to a dry defibrating device that enhances the reactivity of lignin by ozone-oxidizing the lignin on the surface of the disentangled fiber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is necessary to collect used papers and recycle them from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment. And, as for the recycling of this used paper, a large amount of water was added to the recovered used paper,
A method of making a muddy slurry and forcibly stirring and defibrating it is common, and this method is called the pulper method. In this pulper method, cellulose fibers, which are the main constituents of paper, are solidified with a water-soluble adhesive such as starch / clay, and are separated by dissolving with water. Since a large amount of mixed wastewater is discharged, it is necessary to bring waste paper to a specific factory (usually a paper mill) that has a large-capacity wastewater treatment facility, and the cost of recycling (most of the cost is It has the drawback of increasing the cost of transporting waste paper and water treatment of pulpers.)

[0003] In particular, mechanical pulp waste paper typified by newsprint has shorter fibers than chemical pulp typified by office paper, so it is not suitable for use as a raw material for recycled paper, and some of it is mixed with new pulp of newsprint. It is said that there is almost no merit from the economical point of view.

In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, various attempts have conventionally been proposed to disintegrate waste paper without using water. The most excellent dry defibration method is called the Mill method, and used paper is crushed by a crusher. Of course, even in this mill method, if the used paper is crushed into powder, the excellent properties of the fiber will be lost, so apply a weak external force to the used paper for a long time so as not to damage the fiber as much as possible. It is the current situation to seek various pulverization conditions such as.

[0005]

However, the conventional pulper method is used in addition to the recycled paper raw material because the processing factory is usually limited to the paper manufacturing factory in addition to the problem that the cost is increased as described above. It can be said that nothing is done, and there is a problem that the recovery rate of used paper is not improved from the economical point of view.

The mill method is still in the research stage,
Although it has become possible to defibrate it into long fibers that can be used as a part of the fiber raw material, it is still liable to be torn by applying mechanical force to waste paper, so it is crushed into powder at a large proportion. It is unavoidable that the powdered material mixed in is inevitable, and the recovery efficiency is low, and it is necessary to classify only the fiber material after defibration to remove the powdery material, and it has not reached the practical stage. Moreover, since it has a weak mechanical force for a long time, it has a problem that it requires a long time for defibration and the device becomes large in size.

Further, lignin is contained in the pulp constituting the paper, which is a major obstacle to expanding the range of use of waste paper (mechanical pulp contains about 30% by weight of lignin). Since lignin covers most of the surface of pulp fiber and is a chemically stable substance, it is difficult to react with other substances to process it, and from this point it is also a valuable natural fiber material. There is a problem that used paper cannot be used for anything other than recycled paper materials.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the fibers can be defibrated by a dry method without cutting the fibers as much as possible, and the lignin contained therein also adheres to the outer surface of the cellulose which constitutes the pulp. Since it is a valuable natural resource that reinforces the lignin, it is intended to provide a dry defibration device for waste paper that can positively utilize lignin by improving the reactivity of this lignin. is there.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention based on the above-mentioned object has a certain distance from the central axis of rotation in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Are separated from each other and a plurality of blade plates 6, 6, 6 ... Are erected in a radial manner, and each of the blade bodies 6 is provided with a lead plate 3 made of an elastic plate whose distal end in the centrifugal direction is a free end. The rotary disk 2 is housed in a casing body 10 having an internal gear shape such that each lead plate 3 is located so as to face the tooth tips of the casing body 10 with a certain gap. A lid 11 having a raw material suction port 12 is provided on the surface side of the main body 10 on which the vanes 6, 6, 6 ...
A sub-casing body 44 is fastened to the side of the lid body 11 opposite to the fastening surface, and the raw material sucked from the raw material suction port 12 is flowed into the sub-casing body 44 together with the air flow. A technique for accommodating a blower fan 40 discharged from an exhaust port 42, and communicating a tip end of an ozone supply pipe 71 extending from an ozone discharge port of an ozone generator 70 to a site upstream of the casing body 10. It is a measure that has been taken.

[0010]

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiment. First, a raw material feed pipe 74 is connected to the raw material suction port 12, and used raw paper feed pipe 74 has a certain size of waste paper to be disintegrated (mechanical pulp waste paper typified by newspaper in this embodiment). The cut material is fed from the hopper 73 to the raw material supply pipe 7
It is used as a constant supply to No. 4. The used paper fed into the raw material feeding pipe 74 passes through the casing body 1 by the blower fan 40 and is discharged from the discharge port 42.

When the rotary disk 2 to the lead plate 3 rotate at high speed in the direction of arrow P1 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the lead plate 3 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 10. It passes at a high speed in the vicinity of the portion 10a and the valley portion 10b. Then, the airflow generated by the movement of the lead plate 3 (in the illustrated embodiment, other airflow, for example, the airflow by the blower fan 40 for feeding used paper) is changed from the simple laminar flow state to the pulsating flow and the vortex flow. Becomes

Then, when the peripheral speed of the lead plate 3 exceeds a certain value (depending on various conditions, the peak portion 10a and the valley portion 10b are set to values corresponding to the sides of an equilateral triangle of 4 mm each, and the lead plate 3 is formed. 10 mm total length that can be bent with a thickness of 1 mm
The peripheral speed is 50m when using the aluminum plate of
/ Sec), the lead plate 3 becomes a resonance plate against the pulsating flow and the vortex flow, and the lead plate 3 vibrates in the range shown by the arrow P2 in FIG. A turbulent vibration sound field H is generated.

When the used paper passes through the turbulent vibration sound field H as described above, the used paper is defibrated by the following actions. The defibration action will be described below.

"Turbulent vibration sound field defibration action" In water, the above-mentioned action of the turbulent vibration sound field H is called cavitation, and partial energy concentration can be seen even in hard metal, but in the air Also in the above, the strong turbulent vibrating sound field H acts on the waste paper, and exhibits the action of unraveling the fibers of the waste paper.

"Mechanical vibration defibration action" When the vibrating lead plate 3 comes into contact with used paper, the vibration is naturally propagated to the used paper. When the used paper vibrates mechanically and violently, the fibers are unwound and defibrated.

As described above, the "turbulent vibration sound field defibration action" and the "mechanical vibration defibration action" are the main defibration actions of the present invention, but the present invention effectively brings out these defibration actions. For,
The following "retention action" is used.

"Staying action", that is, even if the used paper passes through a place exhibiting the defibrating action as described above, it is sufficient if the time for receiving the action is short or there is a condition that attenuates these actions. I can't expect an effect. Therefore, according to the present invention, the casing body 10 in the shape of an internal gear has a function of retaining the waste paper, prevents the waste paper from moving together with the lead plate 3, and temporarily fixes the local portion of the waste paper to prevent escape from vibration. The waste paper, which is restrained and stays in the valleys 10b, is gradually pushed out in the rotation direction of the lead plate 3 and gradually exposed to the turbulent vibration sound field while gradually coming into contact with the lead plate 3 to be disentangled. Is.

Further, according to the present invention, ozone is fed to the turbulent vibration sound field H together with the air flow and the raw material. Turbulent vibration sound field H
There is also a theory that when ozone and lignin come into contact with each other, ozone is activated in the turbulent vibration sound field H, but the frequency of contact between ozone and the lignin on the disentangled fiber surface due to violent vibration of ozone and the like. Is improved, and lignin exhibits the action of being oxidized by the strong oxidizing power of ozone.

The ozone oxidation of lignin breaks the molecular bond of lignin which is a combined body of about 200 molecules. First, ozone has a property of selectively cleaving the aromatic nucleus of lignin. It is known that lignin is reduced in molecular weight when ozone oxidation is further advanced.
In the present invention, the reactivity of lignin is improved only by cleaving the aromatic nucleus of lignin, and moreover, if the lignin on the fiber surface only cleaves the aromatic nucleus from the purpose of utilizing the fibers of waste paper, the fibers are bonded together. Since fibers can be bound to other substances through lignin, this degree of ozone oxidation is called "modification of lignin by ozone oxidation" or simply "modification", and ozone and lignin in turbulent vibration sound field H are called. Lignin exhibits an effect of being efficiently modified by contact with.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, 2 is a rotating disk, and a plurality of blades 6, 6, 6 ... Are erected radially on one surface of the rotating disk 2 with a certain distance from the center axis of rotation, Lead plates 3 each made of an elastic plate whose distal end in the centrifugal direction is a free end are provided at the ends.

It goes without saying that the rotating disk 2 is rotated by the drive source 5, and the lead plate 3 is a thin plate having elasticity such as a scraping blade (in the embodiment, the aluminum plate is the aluminum plate as described above). Used.) Is used.

In the illustrated embodiment, the rotary disk 2 has a holder cylinder 52 fixed to the drive shaft 51 of the drive source 5 (not shown in FIG. 1), but the drive shaft 51 and the holder cylinder 52 are keyed together. And they rotate together.)
It is fixed to the holder cylinder 52. Then, the radiation blades 6, 6, ... Are fixed on the rotating disk 2, and further,
A ring disk 22 is fixed to the upper ends (right ends of “FIG. 1”) of the radiation blades 6, 6, 6 ...

The lead plates 3 may be fixed to the radiating blades 6 at their base ends, and in this embodiment, they are attached to the tips of the radiating blades 6 by means of tacks or the like. When each radiation blade 6 is made of an elastic plate material, the tip of the lead plate 3 can also be used as the lead plate 3. In this case, the lead plate 3 is not separately prepared and attached, but each radiation plate Wings 6
It is sufficient that the tip of the above is projected from the rotary disc 2 and the ring disc 22 with a certain size, or is not connected to the rotary disc 2 and the ring disc 22.

The rotary disk 2 is housed in the casing body 10 in the form of an internal gear such that each lead plate 3 faces the tooth tips of the casing body 10 with a certain gap. I am doing it.

The casing body 10 has ridges 10a, 10a, 10a ... and valleys 10b, 10b on its inner peripheral surface.
And 10b ... are alternately provided, and the valley portion 10 is usually provided.
Although b, 10b, 10b ... Are formed by cutting, conversely, a liner forming peaks 10a, 10a, 10a ... may be fixedly formed at fixed intervals on the inner peripheral surface. Further, although the peak portion 10a and the valley portion 10b are formed in a triangular wave shape in the drawing, it goes without saying that the cross-sectional shape may be variously changed such as a rectangular wave and a sine wave.

A lid 11 having a raw material suction port 12 is fixed to the surface of the casing body 10 on which the blades 6, 6, 6 ... A sub-casing body 44 is fixed to the side opposite to the fixing surface of the body 11,
In the sub-casing body 44, the raw material sucked from the raw material suction port 12 is discharged together with the air flow into the discharge port 4 of the sub-casing body 44.
A blower fan 40 for discharging from 2 is housed.

A raw material feeding device is usually connected to the raw material suction port 12. In this embodiment, the raw material suction port 12 is used.
The raw material supply pipe 74 is connected to the raw material supply pipe 74,
A fixed-quantity rotary feeder 75 is connected to the raw material supply pipe 74, which supplies a fixed amount of waste paper to be disintegrated and cut into a certain size.

Then, the raw material fed to the raw material feeding pipe 74 rides on the air flow generated by the blower fan 40,
The ring paper 2 flows into the casing main body 10 from the used paper inlet 12 (in the axial direction), and the ring paper 2 comes from the central empty space of the ring paper 22.
2 and the rotary disk 2, and each radiation blade 6, 6, 6 ...
・ Almost evenly distributed between the rotary disk 2 and the centrifugal disk as the rotary disk 2 rotates, and the radial disks 6, 6, 6 ... It moves in each space in the centrifugal direction (the direction of arrow P3 in "Fig. 2" and "Fig. 6"), and eventually enters into the trough 10b of the casing body 10 as shown most clearly in "Fig. 5". There is.

Then, the raw material is defibrated by passing through the troughs 10b of the casing body 10, guided into the sub-casing body 44, and finally discharged from the discharge port 42.
The sub-casing body 44 has a discharge port 42 at one end.
A spiral flow path 43 having a flow path, and an air flow (including waste paper defibrated) flowing from the shaft portion is discharged from the discharge port 42 through the centrifugal direction or the spiral flow path 43. There is. The blower fan 40 may be a conventionally known one, but in this embodiment, it is held by the holder cylinder 52 and rotated by the drive source 5 together with the rotary disk 2.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the raw material transfer device 4 is used.
A direction changing distributor 45 is arranged in front of 0. Since the blower fan 40 that generates an airflow in the radial direction from the rotation axis direction is used, the waste paper that has moved in the centrifugal direction on the rotating disk 2 is disentangled and then blown with the airflow fan 4 together with the airflow.
The direction of movement must be changed in the direction of the 0 axis. Therefore, in the illustrated example, the space between the rotary disk 2 and the blower fan 40 is partitioned by the second ring disk 46, in other words, the other surface side of the casing body 10 is closed by the second ring disk 46 having an empty space in the center, The raw material disentangled with the air flow passes through between the second ring disk 46 and the back side of the rotary disk 2 and heads for the central empty space.

A groove 10c having a substantially semicircular cross section is provided at a position on the back side of the rotary disk 2 of the casing body 10, and this groove 10c secures an empty portion for smoothly changing the direction.

When the direction of the air flow is changed as described above, it is assumed that the disentangled raw material to be mixed is locally biased. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent this bias as much as possible, the distributor 45 described above is used. The second distributor 45 is formed by fixing the second radiating blades 47, 47, 47, ... Between the second ring disk 46 and the rotary disk 2 on the second ring disk 46. is there.

In this kind of high-speed rotating equipment, the local deviation of the raw material or the like becomes a source of vibration, which causes noise and further shortens the life of the apparatus. Therefore, it is necessary that the air flow and the raw material flow evenly in each part,
The direction changing distributor 45 prevents the flow rate from drifting due to its rectifying action.

The direction changing distributor 4 is also provided.
5 also has a function of braking the air flow by complicating the flow path. When used paper passes through the casing body 10 at high speed, it may not be defibrated sufficiently. On the other hand, since the capacity increases when defibrated, a certain air flow capacity is required. Therefore, it is most convenient that the flow velocity is slow in the disentanglement portion and the flow rate is large in the blower fan 40. Therefore, a curved air flow path is provided between the casing main body 10 portion and the blower fan 40 to obtain an air flow that meets both purposes. Although not shown in the drawing, if the raw material suction port 12 is provided with an unillustrated orifice or the like to narrow its diameter, the above-mentioned braking effect can be effectively obtained.

Further, a separator for separating the defibrated raw material and the air flow is usually connected to the discharge port 42, and a cyclone separator 80 is used for this separator in the illustrated example. . Incidentally, this cyclone separator 80 is a conventionally known one, and the air current is blown together with the defibrated raw material into the cylindrical main body 81.
The raw material disintegrated into a swirl flow inside the main body flows out through the lower outlet port 82, and the airflow through the upper exhaust port 83.

An upstream end of an ozone feeding pipe 71 extending from an ozone outlet of the ozone generator 70 is communicated with the upstream portion of the casing body 10.

As the ozone generator 70, a conventionally known one can be used. In this embodiment, a silent discharge type ozone generator is used so that oxygen flowing from the raw material gas inlet 77 is ozonized in the discharge field. ing. The ozone delivery pipe 71 may be communicated with any part of the casing main body 10 as far as it is upstream, but in the present embodiment, it is communicated with the raw material delivery pipe 74.

The upper exhaust port 83 of the cyclone separator 80 may be opened to the atmosphere, but in this embodiment, it communicates with the raw material supply pipe 74. The unreacted ozone may be mixed in the air flow flowing out from the upper exhaust port 83. In the present embodiment, the output of the ozone generator 70 can be small by circulating and using this air flow. I am doing it. When opening the upper exhaust port 83 to the atmosphere, it is desirable to interpose a catalyst tank for decomposing residual ozone into oxygen. In addition, in the figure, 61 and 62 show a leg piece.

[0039]

As described above, the present invention utilizes the turbulent vibrating sound field defibration action and the mechanical vibration defibration action as compared with the conventional mill method of mechanically shearing waste paper. It is possible to provide a dry defibration device that can defibrate fibers without cutting them short.

However, it cannot be asserted that the fibers are not cut at all because the turbulent sound field defibration action and the mechanical vibration defibration action are utilized, and in fact, the fibers were cut into 4 mm squares. Most of the fiber length of disintegrated waste paper is around 2 mm, and there is a need to improve and study the elasticity of the lead plate 3, but it is cut into a powder form called paper dust. Was hardly generated, and defibrated fibers capable of various applications as a fibrous substance were obtained as they were.

Further, a remarkable effect of the present invention is that since it is a dry type and does not use water and the apparatus is simple and compact, it can be immediately defibrated by a source of waste paper. Recycled paper can be easily disintegrated not only as a raw material for recycled paper, but also as other fiber materials (specifically, building materials, cushioning materials, etc.), and even as biomass. It is possible to provide a dry defibration device capable of diversifying the use of the above and reusing valuable earth resources at a high recovery rate.

When the waste paper disintegrated as described above is used as a material other than recycled paper, lignin has low reactivity, has hydrophobicity, and has only limited biodegradation. However, this lignin is modified by ozone oxidation and can be used as various fiber raw materials.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a defibrating device unit.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a casing portion of the defibrating device.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view of an essential part for explaining the operation.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of an essential part for explaining the same operation.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a casing portion according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 rotating disc 3 lead plate 6 vane 10 casing body 11 lid 12 raw material suction port 40 blower fan 42 discharge port 44 sub-casing body 70 ozone generator 71 ozone feed pipe

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of blades (6, 6, 6 ...) Are erected radially on one surface of the rotating disk (2) at a certain distance from the center axis of rotation, and each blade (6) is provided. Lead plates (3) each made of an elastic plate having a distal end in the centrifugal direction as a free end are provided respectively, and the rotating disc (2) is provided in each casing body (10) in the shape of an internal gear. (3) is the casing body (1
0) is placed so as to be opposed to the tooth tip with a slight gap, and the vanes (6, 6, 6 ...) Of the rotary disk (2) of the casing body (10) are stored. A lid (11) having a raw material suction port (12) is attached to the erected surface side, and a sub-casing body (44) is attached to the side opposite to the attachment surface of the lid (11). The raw material suction port (1
2) A blower fan (4) that discharges the raw material sucked from the sub-casing body (44) through the discharge port (42) together with the air flow.
0) is housed, and the upstream end of the casing body (10) is communicated with the tip of an ozone delivery pipe (71) extending from the ozone discharge port of the ozone generator (70). Disentanglement device.