JPH06137126A - Lubricating oil monitoring device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Lubricating oil monitoring device for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
JPH06137126A
JPH06137126A JP31391992A JP31391992A JPH06137126A JP H06137126 A JPH06137126 A JP H06137126A JP 31391992 A JP31391992 A JP 31391992A JP 31391992 A JP31391992 A JP 31391992A JP H06137126 A JPH06137126 A JP H06137126A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
viscosity
oil
flow meter
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP31391992A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3155095B2 (en
Inventor
Takashi Go
隆士 郷
Minoru Okubo
稔 大久保
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yanmar Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd filed Critical Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd
Priority to JP31391992A priority Critical patent/JP3155095B2/en
Publication of JPH06137126A publication Critical patent/JPH06137126A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3155095B2 publication Critical patent/JP3155095B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate maintenance control of lubricating oil by branching and letting flow a part of the lubricating oil to a flow meter provided with capillary, and computing the viscosity of the lubricating oil from the detected result of the flow and the pressure in the flow meter. CONSTITUTION:Lubricating oil is fed to a main gallery 5 by means of an oil pump 2 through a filter 3 and an oil cooler 4, and the oil is let flow dividedly into respective slide parts 6 such as main bearings and a flow meter 7, returned to an oil pan 1, and hence the circulating route is constituted. The flow meter 7 is constructed so as to be provided with capillary. Respective detected outputs of the flow meter 7 and a pressure sensor 9d are input to a controller 12, and viscosity of the lubricating oil is computed by the use of a conversion formula memorized in the controller 12. Consequently, the viscosity can be computed even without using a relative expensive constant flow pump. By combining together the viscosity of luricating oil computed by such process and the level of the oil and judging, the maintenance control of lubricating oil is facilitated, because the viscosity and mixing-in of fuel and water can be always automatically monitored.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、潤滑油の質や循環状
態の異常を検出するための監視装置に関するものであ
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monitoring device for detecting an abnormality in the quality of lubricating oil or a circulating state.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】内燃機関を常に良好な状態で運転するに
は潤滑油が適正に循環していることが必要であるため、
潤滑油ポンプの運転状態や潤滑油レベル等を検出してこ
れを常時表示することが一般に行われている。しかし、
潤滑油の質についてはこのような表示手段は設けられて
おらず、定期的に粘度などの性状を検査して劣化してい
れば交換し、あるいは一定期間ごとに交換することが一
般的であるが、従来の粘度検査は、定流量ポンプを用い
てキャピラリに潤滑油を流し、その時の圧力降下から粘
度を算出しており、保守管理が面倒である上に比較的高
価な定流量ポンプが必要であるという問題点があった。
2. Description of the Related Art In order for an internal combustion engine to always operate in good condition, it is necessary for the lubricating oil to circulate properly.
It is common practice to detect the operating state of the lubricating oil pump, the lubricating oil level, etc., and constantly display this. But,
Regarding the quality of the lubricating oil, such a display means is not provided, and it is common to periodically inspect properties such as viscosity and replace it if it deteriorates, or replace it at regular intervals. However, in the conventional viscosity test, lubricating oil is flown into the capillary using a constant flow pump, and the viscosity is calculated from the pressure drop at that time, maintenance is troublesome and a relatively expensive constant flow pump is required. There was a problem that was.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】この発明はこのような
問題点に着目し、潤滑油の粘度だけでなく質や循環状態
なども自動的に且つ常時監視できるようにし、潤滑油の
保守管理を容易に行えるようにすることを課題としてな
されたものである。
The present invention pays attention to such a problem, and enables not only the viscosity of the lubricating oil but also the quality and the circulating state thereof to be automatically and constantly monitored, and the maintenance management of the lubricating oil is performed. The task was to make it easy.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を達成するた
めに、第1の発明では、潤滑油ポンプによって機関内に
送給される潤滑油の一部をキャピラリを備えた流量計に
分岐して流し、流量計における潤滑油の流量と圧力の検
出結果から潤滑油の粘度を算出するようにしている。ま
た、オイルパンでの潤滑油のレベルが上昇傾向にあり、
且つ上記の手順で算出された潤滑油の粘度が正常値と比
較してある値以下に低下した場合には潤滑油に燃料が混
入していると判定し、正常値と比較してある値以上に上
昇した場合には潤滑油に水が混入していると判定するよ
うに構成している。また第2の発明では、潤滑油ポンプ
の出口での圧力と、潤滑油ポンプの下流側に設けられて
いるフィルタの入口と出口での圧力差が共に上昇傾向に
あり、且つフィルタに設けられたリリーフスイッチの開
期間が増加傾向にあれば、フィルタで目詰まりが発生し
ていると判定するように構成している。
In order to achieve the above object, in the first invention, a part of the lubricating oil fed into the engine by a lubricating oil pump is branched to a flow meter equipped with a capillary. The viscosity of the lubricating oil is calculated from the detection results of the flow rate and the pressure of the lubricating oil in the flow meter. Also, the level of lubricating oil in the oil pan is increasing,
In addition, if the viscosity of the lubricating oil calculated by the above procedure drops below a certain value compared to the normal value, it is judged that fuel is mixed in the lubricating oil, and it is greater than a certain value compared to the normal value. When the temperature rises to 1, it is determined that the lubricating oil contains water. In the second aspect of the invention, the pressure at the outlet of the lubricating oil pump and the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the filter provided on the downstream side of the lubricating oil pump both tend to increase, and the filter is provided on the filter. If the opening period of the relief switch tends to increase, it is determined that the filter is clogged.

【0005】[0005]

【作用】細い管内に液体を流した場合の流量、圧力、粘
度の三者の間には一定の関係が成立するから、キャピラ
リを備えた流量計に潤滑油を流し、その時の流量と圧力
から定流量ポンプを用いないでも粘度を算出することが
できる。また、潤滑油には燃料や冷却水の混入が生じや
すいものであり、これを適切に検出することは潤滑油の
管理にとって重要なことであるが、これらの混入があれ
ば見かけ上の潤滑油量が増加すると共に粘度が変化す
る。このため、上記のようにして算出される粘度と潤滑
油レベルの組合せにより、間接的にこれらの現象を検出
することができる。更にフィルタは目詰まりが生じやす
いものであるが、ポンプ出口での圧力、フィルタ前後の
圧力差及びリリーフスイッチの開期間の組合せにより、
間接的にこれらの現象を検出することができる。
[Function] Since a constant relationship is established among the flow rate, pressure, and viscosity when a liquid is flown in a thin pipe, lubricating oil is flown through a flow meter equipped with a capillary, and the flow rate and pressure at that time The viscosity can be calculated without using a constant flow pump. In addition, since lubricating oil easily mixes with fuel and cooling water, proper detection of this is important for the management of lubricating oil. The viscosity changes with increasing amount. Therefore, these phenomena can be indirectly detected by the combination of the viscosity and the lubricating oil level calculated as described above. Furthermore, the filter is apt to be clogged, but due to the combination of the pressure at the pump outlet, the pressure difference before and after the filter, and the open period of the relief switch,
These phenomena can be detected indirectly.

【0006】[0006]

【実施例】次に図示の一実施例について説明する。図1
は潤滑油の概略系統図である。1はオイルパン、2はオ
イルポンプ、3はフィルタ、4はオイルクーラ、5は機
関本体内のメインギャラリ、6は摺動部、7は流量計で
あり、潤滑油はオイルポンプ2によってフィルタ3、オ
イルクーラ4を経てメインギャラリ5に送給され、ここ
から主軸受などの各摺動部6と流量計7とに分かれて流
れ、オイルパン1に戻るような循環経路となっている。
フィルタ3にはリリーフスイッチ8が設けられ、オイル
ポンプ2の出口、フィルタ3の出口、メインギャラリ
5、流量計7には圧力センサ9a,9b,9c,9dが
それぞれ設けられており、更に流量計7には温度センサ
10が設けられ、オイルパン1にはレベルセンサ11が
設けられている。12はコントローラであり、各センサ
の検出出力やリリーフスイッチ8の開閉状態が入力さ
れ、粘度を算出したりセンサの検出値の変化を監視した
りするように構成されている。このコントローラ12と
しては一般にコンピュータを利用することができる。1
3は潤滑油を示す。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment shown in the drawings will be described below. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of lubricating oil. 1 is an oil pan, 2 is an oil pump, 3 is a filter, 4 is an oil cooler, 5 is a main gallery in the engine body, 6 is a sliding portion, 7 is a flowmeter, and lubricating oil is filtered by the oil pump 2 by the filter 3 The oil is supplied to the main gallery 5 via the oil cooler 4, and then flows into the sliding parts 6 such as the main bearings and the flow meter 7 separately, and then returns to the oil pan 1.
The filter 3 is provided with a relief switch 8, the outlet of the oil pump 2, the outlet of the filter 3, the main gallery 5 and the flow meter 7 are provided with pressure sensors 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d, respectively. 7 is provided with a temperature sensor 10, and the oil pan 1 is provided with a level sensor 11. Reference numeral 12 denotes a controller, which is configured to input the detection output of each sensor and the open / closed state of the relief switch 8 to calculate the viscosity and monitor the change in the detection value of the sensor. A computer can be generally used as the controller 12. 1
Reference numeral 3 represents a lubricating oil.

【0007】流量計7は図2のようにキャピラリ7aを
備えた構造のものであり、流量計本体7bとキャピラリ
7aとの接続部が圧力センサ9dと温度センサ10が設
けられた検出部7cとなっている。7dは潤滑油入口、
7eは同出口、7fは基台である。前述したように、潤
滑油の粘度の測定は定流量ポンプを用いてキャピラリに
潤滑油を流し、その時の圧力降下から算出していたので
あるが、そのような手順によらないでも、流量計7を流
れる潤滑油の流量と圧力が分かれば所定の換算式から粘
度を算出することができる。そこでこの実施例では、流
量計7と圧力センサ9dの各検出出力をコントローラ1
2に入力し、コントローラ12に記憶された換算式を用
いて潤滑油の粘度を算出するのである。
The flowmeter 7 has a structure having a capillary 7a as shown in FIG. 2, and a connecting portion between the flowmeter main body 7b and the capillary 7a is a pressure sensor 9d and a detecting portion 7c provided with a temperature sensor 10. Has become. 7d is a lubricating oil inlet,
7e is the same exit, and 7f is a base. As described above, the viscosity of the lubricating oil was measured by flowing the lubricating oil into the capillary using a constant flow pump and calculating from the pressure drop at that time. If the flow rate and the pressure of the lubricating oil flowing through are known, the viscosity can be calculated from a predetermined conversion formula. Therefore, in this embodiment, the detection outputs of the flow meter 7 and the pressure sensor 9d are supplied to the controller 1
Then, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is calculated by using the conversion formula stored in the controller 12 and input to No. 2.

【0008】なお、図3は潤滑油の粘度と温度の関係を
示したもので、周知のように潤滑油の粘度は温度の高低
と逆の関係にある。実線Aは新しい潤滑油の標準的な粘
度−温度特性を例示しており、温度が高くなると粘度は
下がるという性質があるので、上記のコントローラ12
における粘度算出の換算式は温度に応じて補正を行うた
めの補正項を持ったものとしてあり、温度センサ10で
検出された潤滑油の温度に応じて標準温度における粘度
が算出されるようにしてある。
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the viscosity of the lubricating oil and the temperature. As is well known, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is inversely related to the temperature. The solid line A exemplifies the standard viscosity-temperature characteristic of the new lubricating oil, and since the viscosity decreases as the temperature increases, the controller 12 described above is used.
The conversion formula for calculating the viscosity in has a correction term for making a correction according to the temperature, and the viscosity at the standard temperature is calculated according to the temperature of the lubricating oil detected by the temperature sensor 10. is there.

【0009】ところで潤滑油は燃料や水が混入すると粘
度が変化し、燃料が混入した場合には粘度は図3の鎖線
Bのように下がり、水が混入した場合には破線Cのよう
に上がる。また、これらの混入があれば見かけ上の潤滑
油量が増加する。そこで、レベルセンサ11で検出され
る潤滑油のレベルが上昇傾向にあり、しかもコントロー
ラ12で算出された潤滑油の粘度が、例えば新油の場合
のA線の値を基準値としてあらかじめ設定されたしきい
値を超えて低下した場合には、潤滑油に燃料が混入して
いると判断でき、しきい値を超えて上昇した場合には水
が混入していると判断できるのである。コントローラ1
2からはこれらの判断結果に応じて警報信号Sが出力さ
れ、処置が必要であることが報知される。
By the way, the viscosity of the lubricating oil changes when fuel or water is mixed in. When the fuel is mixed, the viscosity decreases as shown by a chain line B in FIG. 3 and when the water is mixed, it increases as shown by a broken line C. . Further, if these are mixed, the apparent amount of lubricating oil increases. Therefore, the level of the lubricating oil detected by the level sensor 11 tends to increase, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil calculated by the controller 12 is preset with the value of the line A in the case of new oil as a reference value. If it falls below the threshold value, it can be determined that fuel is mixed in the lubricating oil, and if it rises above the threshold value, it can be determined that water is mixed. Controller 1
An alarm signal S is output from No. 2 according to these determination results, and it is notified that treatment is required.

【0010】また、潤滑油が劣化した場合も粘度が上が
るが、この場合には潤滑油のレベルは変化しないので冷
却水などの混入とは区別して検出することが可能であっ
た。また、潤滑油のレベル変化の要因としては潤滑油漏
れがあるが、この場合にはレベルが低下し、しかもオイ
ルポンプ2の出口やメインギャラリ5における圧力も低
下傾向を示すので、上記のような原因による異常とは区
別して検出することができる。なお、上記における潤滑
油レベルの検出の際には、数分間のデータを用いた最小
二乗法によって油面の揺れの影響を除去することが望ま
しい。
Further, even when the lubricating oil deteriorates, the viscosity increases, but in this case, the level of the lubricating oil does not change, so that it was possible to detect it separately from the mixing of cooling water and the like. Further, although there is a lubricating oil leak as a factor of the change in the level of the lubricating oil, in this case, the level decreases, and the pressure at the outlet of the oil pump 2 and the main gallery 5 also tends to decrease. It can be detected separately from the abnormality caused by the cause. When detecting the lubricating oil level in the above, it is desirable to remove the influence of the fluctuation of the oil level by the least squares method using the data for several minutes.

【0011】潤滑油は適正に循環していることも必要で
あり、この循環の阻害要因としてはフィルタの目詰まり
が大きなウェイトを占めている。研究によれば、フィル
タ3で詰まりが発生している場合には、オイルポンプ2
の出口における圧力とフィルタ3の前後の圧力差が共に
上昇し、またフィルタ3のリリーフスイッチ8が開いて
いる期間が増加することが見出された。そこで、圧力セ
ンサ9aの検出値と、圧力センサ9a,9bの検出値と
の差が共に上昇傾向にあり、しかもリリーフスイッチ8
の開期間が増加傾向にあれば、フィルタ3で目詰まりが
発生していると予想でき、警報信号Sがコントローラ1
2から出力されて処置が必要であることが報知される。
なお、圧力だけでなくリリーフスイッチ8の動作状態も
判断に利用しているため、フィルタの目詰まりを高い精
度で検出することができる。
It is also necessary that the lubricating oil circulates properly, and as a factor that hinders this circulation, the clogging of the filter occupies a large weight. Studies have shown that when the filter 3 is clogged, the oil pump 2
It has been found that both the pressure at the outlet of the filter and the pressure difference before and after the filter 3 increase, and the period during which the relief switch 8 of the filter 3 is open increases. Therefore, the difference between the detection value of the pressure sensor 9a and the detection value of the pressure sensors 9a and 9b both tend to increase, and the relief switch 8
If the open period of is increasing, it can be predicted that the filter 3 is clogged, and the alarm signal S indicates that the controller 1
It is output from 2 to notify that treatment is required.
Since not only the pressure but also the operating state of the relief switch 8 is used for the determination, the clogging of the filter can be detected with high accuracy.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、第1の
発明の装置は、潤滑油ポンプによって機関内に送給され
る潤滑油の一部をキャピラリを備えた流量計に分岐して
流し、流量計における潤滑油の流量と圧力の検出結果か
ら潤滑油の粘度を算出するようにしたものである。従っ
て、比較的高価な定流量ポンプを用いないでも粘度を算
出することができ、また、このような手順で算出された
潤滑油の粘度と潤滑油のレベルとを組合せて判断するこ
とにより、粘度及び燃料や水の混入を自動的に常時監視
できるので潤滑油の保守管理が容易になる。また第2の
発明では、潤滑油ポンプの出口と、潤滑油ポンプの下流
側に設けられているフィルタの前後の圧力差が共に上昇
傾向にあり、且つフィルタに設けられたリリーフスイッ
チの開期間が増加傾向にあればフィルタで目詰まりが発
生していると判定するようにしたものである。従って、
潤滑油の循環状態も自動的に且つ常時監視でき、しかも
単に圧力だけでなくリリーフスイッチの開期間も判断基
準として用いているため、フィルタの目詰まりを精度よ
く検出することができる。
As is apparent from the above description, in the device of the first invention, a part of the lubricating oil fed into the engine by the lubricating oil pump is branched to the flow meter equipped with the capillary and flowed. The viscosity of the lubricating oil is calculated from the detection result of the flow rate and the pressure of the lubricating oil in the flow meter. Therefore, the viscosity can be calculated without using a relatively expensive constant flow pump, and the viscosity can be calculated by combining the viscosity of the lubricating oil and the level of the lubricating oil calculated by such a procedure. In addition, maintenance of lubricating oil can be facilitated because the mixture of fuel and water can be automatically monitored at all times. In the second aspect of the invention, the pressure difference between the outlet of the lubricating oil pump and the pressure of the filter provided on the downstream side of the lubricating oil pump both tend to increase, and the opening period of the relief switch provided in the filter is increased. If there is an increasing tendency, it is determined that the filter is clogged. Therefore,
The circulation state of the lubricating oil can be automatically and constantly monitored, and since not only the pressure but also the opening period of the relief switch is used as a criterion, clogging of the filter can be accurately detected.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】この発明の一実施例における潤滑油の概略系統
図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a lubricating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】同実施例の流量計の正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of the flow meter according to the embodiment.

【図3】潤滑油の粘度と温度の関係を示した図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the viscosity of lubricating oil and temperature.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 オイルパン 2 オイルポンプ 3 フィルタ 5 メインギャラリ 7 流量計 7a キャピラリ 8 リリーフスイッチ 9a〜9d 圧力センサ 10 温度センサ 11 レベルセンサ 12 コントローラ 13 潤滑油 1 Oil Pan 2 Oil Pump 3 Filter 5 Main Gallery 7 Flow Meter 7a Capillary 8 Relief Switch 9a-9d Pressure Sensor 10 Temperature Sensor 11 Level Sensor 12 Controller 13 Lubricating Oil

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 潤滑油ポンプによって機関内に送給され
る潤滑油の一部をキャピラリを備えた流量計に分岐して
流し、流量計における潤滑油の流量と圧力の検出結果か
ら潤滑油の粘度を算出することを特徴とする内燃機関の
潤滑油監視装置。
1. A part of the lubricating oil fed into the engine by a lubricating oil pump is branched into a flow meter equipped with a capillary and is made to flow, and the lubricating oil is detected from the results of detection of the flow rate and pressure of the lubricating oil in the flow meter. A lubricating oil monitoring device for an internal combustion engine, characterized by calculating viscosity.
【請求項2】 オイルパンでの潤滑油のレベルが上昇傾
向にあり、且つ算出された潤滑油の粘度が正常値と比較
してある値以下に低下した場合には潤滑油に燃料が混入
していると判定し、正常値と比較してある値以上に上昇
した場合には潤滑油に水が混入していると判定するよう
に構成された請求項1記載の内燃機関の潤滑油監視装
置。
2. When the level of the lubricating oil in the oil pan tends to increase and the calculated viscosity of the lubricating oil falls below a certain value compared with a normal value, fuel is mixed in the lubricating oil. 2. The lubricating oil monitoring apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil monitoring apparatus is configured to determine that the lubricating oil is mixed with water when it rises above a certain value as compared with a normal value. .
【請求項3】 潤滑油ポンプの出口での圧力と、潤滑油
ポンプの下流側に設けられているフィルタの入口と出口
での圧力差が共に上昇傾向にあり、且つフィルタに設け
られたリリーフスイッチの開期間が増加傾向にあれば、
フィルタで目詰まりが発生していると判定するように構
成されたことを特徴とする内燃機関の潤滑油監視装置。
3. The pressure at the outlet of the lubricating oil pump and the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of a filter provided on the downstream side of the lubricating oil pump both tend to increase, and a relief switch provided on the filter. If the opening period of is increasing,
A lubricating oil monitoring apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which is configured to determine that a filter is clogged.
JP31391992A 1992-10-28 1992-10-28 Lubricating oil monitoring device for internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related JP3155095B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP31391992A JP3155095B2 (en) 1992-10-28 1992-10-28 Lubricating oil monitoring device for internal combustion engine

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JPH06137126A true JPH06137126A (en) 1994-05-17
JP3155095B2 JP3155095B2 (en) 2001-04-09

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