JPH06126297A - Treatment of sewage and/or waste gas by microorganism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a high-value-added useful substance by treating the sewage and waste gas contg. sulfur compds. and org. matter with the photoautotrophic microorganisms and introducing the liberated gaseous hydrogen and carbon dioxide into the culturing stage of the hydrogen assimilable chemical autotrophic microorganisms. CONSTITUTION:An org. sewage 1 such as night soil contg. sulfur compds. and org. matter and/or the waste gas 2 from an incinerator, etc., are introduced into a photoautotrophic microorganism culturing reactor 4 in which hydrogen producing photosynthetic bacteria and hydrogen producing microalgae are cultured. The air from a feed pipe 9 or the carbon dioxide 7 generated in the chemical autotrophic microorganism culturing reactor 10 is simultaneously supplied, and light energy 5 is added to conduct treatment. The gaseous hydrogen and the gaseous carbon dioxide 8 are sent to the reactor 10 and utilized for the matrix of bacteria to heterotrophically culture the chemical autotrophic microorganism, and useful substances such as feed and fertilizer are produced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a novel method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas, in which the functions of a photoautotrophic microorganism and a hydrogen-assimilating bacterium are reasonably combined to form a composite function. Regarding The present invention, in particular, by effectively utilizing the respective functions of photoautotrophic microorganisms and hydrogen-utilizing bacteria, human waste, human waste digestive desorption liquor, wastewater such as pulp cooking waste liquor and incinerators, thermal power plants, Decomposes and stabilizes sulfides, organic substances and / or water contained in exhaust gas discharged from various business sites such as fermentation factories,
The present invention relates to a treatment technique for causing a microorganism to produce various useful substances and purifying and / or extracting the useful substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, techniques for purifying sewage with photosynthetic bacteria, microalgae, etc. have been studied. Further, although proposals have been made to use the products efficiently, no concrete technology has been established. Conventionally, research on technologies for producing hydrogen in so-called photoautotrophic microorganisms such as photosynthetic bacteria or microalgae has been carried out at each institution, but most of these known technologies are mainly research using artificial medium. , At present, the technology that can be put to practical use has not been established.

As a technique that can be evaluated as having the shortest distance for practical use, Professor Asahi Mitsui of Ocean Research Institute, University of Miami, USA, is a kind of blue-green algae called Osschillia.
Attoria), a method for producing hydrogen from seawater using a genus of the genus Attoria) and a kind of the genus Sulfur Chromatium, which is a marine photosynthetic bacterium,
We are conducting research on the technology of producing hydrogen from various organic wastewater under the conditions of sunlight irradiation, but the reality is that it is far from the stage of practical application. In addition, Dr. Atsushi Miyake of the Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, is energetically researching the technology related to hydrogen production by photosynthetic microorganisms, but at the present stage it has not reached the stage of practical application.

[0004] As described above, research on hydrogen production by photosynthetic microorganisms up to now is mainly in the so-called basic research stage using pure substances, and exhaust gas emitted from various business sites is used as a substrate supply source. There is no research on producing hydrogen.

On the other hand, research on production of useful substances by making effective use of chemoautotrophic microorganisms has been conducted, but the number is extremely small. There are some pioneering studies on so-called hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic bacteria that can grow using hydrogen gas as the only energy source and carbon dioxide as the only carbon source. However, due to the high production cost of hydrogen, the final products are not competitive in the market, and all of them are either left in the research stage or discontinued. For example, as a recent excellent research, the acetobacterium wood (Acetobacterium wo) by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Odiii) is a study of producing acetic acid from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, but this study has not been put to practical use because there is no prospect of stable and inexpensive supply of hydrogen.

As described above, at the present time, a purification technique using photoautotrophic microorganisms, a technique for generating hydrogen from organic sewage containing sulfide and / or exhaust gas by utilizing the function of photoautotrophic microorganisms , And studies on techniques for producing useful substances using hydrogen-assimilating bacteria have been conducted independently of each other. Moreover, all of these are in the research stage, and there is no prospect of practical application. not to mention,
Combining these individual technologies organically and reasonably,
As a total system, there is no treatment technology that has a combined function of treating organic sewage and exhaust gas and causing chemoautotrophic bacteria to produce useful substances.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A multi-functional technology for treating organic sewage and / or exhaust gas and at the same time, capable of producing useful substances, especially a new treatment which can contribute to improvement and / or conservation of the global environment. The development of technology has always been a strongly requested issue. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has conducted extensive studies on a new biological treatment process based on a completely new idea, and can treat organic wastewater and / or exhaust gas in a complex manner by the action of microorganisms and obtain a useful substance. It is an object to provide a biological treatment process that can be performed.

[0008]

The above objects can be achieved by the method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas by microorganisms of the present invention. That is, (1) various sewage containing sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, metal sulfide, and sulfate, and / or organic matter, exhaust gas from hydrogen-producing photosynthetic bacteria, a single system of photoautotrophic microorganisms such as microalgae or A microorganism characterized by producing various useful substances by introducing hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas generated in the treatment step into a step of cultivating a hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganism while treating with a mixed system. Method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas according to.

(2) In the step of culturing the chemoautotrophic microorganism, the chemoautotrophic microorganism is heterotrophically cultured,
The discharged carbon dioxide gas is circulated to the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing step as needed and fixed by the photoautotrophic microorganism, and the method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas by microorganisms according to the above (1) is characterized. . (3) The method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with microorganisms according to (1) or (2) above, wherein sterile oxygen and / or air is supplied in the step of culturing chemoautotrophic microorganisms. (4) In the step of culturing a photoautotrophic microorganism, the oxygen partial pressure and / or the nitrogen partial pressure is controlled so as to be kept as low as possible. The method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with the microorganism according to the item. (5) In the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing step, the carbon dioxide gas fixed by the photoautotrophic microorganism is taken out of the system as surplus cells from the culturing step and re-used as feed, fertilizer and / or agricultural material. The method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with microorganisms according to any one of the above items (1) to (4), which is characterized by recycling. Is.

Here, the photoautotrophic microorganisms are photosynthetic bacteria and / or microalgae which can use sulfur compounds and / or organic substances as electron donors, and the chemoautotrophic microorganisms particularly emit hydrogen gas. It is an autotrophic microorganism that can be assimilated to biosynthesize useful substances.

The essence of the present invention is that various organic sewage containing sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, metal sulfide, and sulfate and / or organic substances and / or exhaust gas dissolved in water are hydrogen sulfide and organic substances as electron donors. As a single system of hydrogen-producing microalgae capable of growing hydrogen-producing red sulfur bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria such as red non-sulfur bacterium, or hydrogen-producing microalgae capable of growing hydrogen in a water molecule as an electron donor. Photosynthetic microorganisms by mixed system are autotrophic and / or
Alternatively, it is treated with other nutrients, and then the produced hydrogen and carbon dioxide are introduced into a hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic bacterium culturing step to grow the bacterium and produce a useful substance. It is a method for treating organic wastewater and / or exhaust gas with an autotrophic microorganism.

More specifically, the present invention is directed to an incinerator containing organic sewage such as human sewage containing various pollutant organic substances and sulfides, human urine digestive desorption liquid, pulp cooking wastewater or hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide gas, etc. Exhaust gas from a thermal power plant and a fermentation reactor for the purpose of material production is supplied with Chromat (Chromat).
ium), Chlorobium
Production of hydrogen represented by hydrogen-producing red sulfur photosynthetic bacteria, red non-sulfur photosynthetic bacteria and / or cyanobacteria Ossilatoria, represented by the genus Rhodobacter, Rhodospirillum and the like. Method for treating organic sewage and / or exhaust gas by converting sulfides, organic matter and water into hydrogen by a single system or mixed system of water-soluble microalgae, and a chemoautotrophic bacterium culture step linked to this step This is a method in which hydrogen and carbon dioxide are supplied to the (reactor) to produce a useful substance in this step. For example, Alkalige
genus, Hydrogenogen (Hydrogen)
bacterium, methanobacterium (Metan)
bacterium, acetobacterium (Ac
This is an innovative treatment technology that enables the production of useful substances at the same time as wastewater treatment by growing hydrogen-utilizing microorganisms such as the genus Etobacterium. Furthermore, the surplus bacterial cells are a novel treatment method that enables effective use as feed, fertilizer, and the like.

(Operation) Next, the excellent function and operation of the structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following description.

In FIG. 1, sulfur compounds such as human waste, pulp cooking wastewater, organic sewage 1 containing organic matter and / or hydrogen sulfide, an incinerator containing carbon dioxide, a thermal power plant, various types of fermentation gas, methane fermentation gas, etc. Exhaust gas 2 (dissolving these components in water in the case of treating exhaust gas) is a genus of Chromatium, chlorobium (Ch
genus lorobium, Rhodoba (Rhodoba)
cter), Rhodospirium (Rhodospiri)
hydrogen-producing photosynthetic bacteria and / or hydrogen-producing microalgae, such as Oscilla (Oscil).
It is sent through a supply pipe 3 to a photoautotrophic microorganism culturing reactor 4 in which cyanobacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus, the genus Anabaena and the like are cultivated.

In the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing reactor 4, the light energy 5 consisting of the solar energy or artificial light energy collected by the solar light concentrator is so-called optical transmission such as a line light emitter and / or a surface light emitter. It is transmitted to the inside of the reactor 4 by a device such as an optical fiber, a plane diffuser, or a gel luminescent material, and is used as growth energy for photoautotrophic microorganisms.

On the other hand, the carbon dioxide gas that is fixed by the photoautotrophic microorganisms and is used as a carbon source is normally supplied by the supply pipe 9
Is fed into the reactor 4 by introducing air 13 from. The introduced air 13 separates oxygen as much as possible by a gas separator, or the carbon dioxide gas 7 generated from the chemoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 10 is appropriately passed through the circulation path 6 to generate the generated gas. Is supplied to the photoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 4 as a gas with a low oxygen partial pressure, and is used for the growth of photoautotrophic microorganisms and hydrogen production. When hydrogen-producing red sulfur bacterium or red non-sulfur bacterium is grown in the presence of an organic substance, it is not necessary to supply carbon dioxide gas.
That is, since the hydrogen-producing microorganisms do not use carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source, for example, when microalgae of the genus Oscillatria are mixed in the culture system and organic acids or the like are released to the outside of the body, It is known that the growth rate of the bacteria is remarkably increased by utilizing the organic acid heterotrophically.

Light energy 5 and carbon dioxide gas are sufficiently supplied in the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing reactor 4, and hydrogen + carbon dioxide gas 8 generated from the proliferating microbial cells accumulating a sufficient amount of organic substances in the microbial cells is the gas circulation path 6 Is supplied to the hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 10 and used as a substrate for the bacterium. The surplus microbial cells 12 discharged from the reactor 5 are taken out of the system by the microbial cell discharge pipe 11 and used for extraction of useful substances or processing into feed, fertilizer and the like.

The biological reaction formulas of organic matter production and hydrogen production by photosynthesis of purple sulfur bacteria, purple non-sulfur bacteria and microalgae that grow in the photoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 4 are as follows.

Red sulfur bacteria [eg chromatium (Ch
Romatium)] electron donor ...... sulfide photosynthetic _{6CO 2 + 12H 2 S = C} 6 H 12 0 6 + 12S + 6H 2
O Hydrogen Production _{C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6H} 2 O = 6CO 2 + 12H 2 +680
kcal

Red non-sulfur bacteria [eg Rhodobacter (R
electron donor ・ ・ ・ ・ Various organic compounds Photosynthesis 6CO ₂ + 12H ₂ O = C ₆ H ₁₂ 0 ₆ + 6O ₂ + 6H ₂
O Hydrogen Production _{C 6 H 12 0 6 + 6H} 2 O = 6CO 2 + 12H 2 +680
kcal

[0021] Microalgae [eg Ossillatoria (Osc
Illatoria)] an electron donor ...... water photosynthesis _{6CO 2 + 12H 2 O = C} 6 H 12 0 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2
O hydrogen production 2H ₂ O = 2H ₂ + O ₂

In the hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microbial culture reactor 10, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which are inorganic energy sources and nutrient sources, are assimilated in advance to biosynthesize useful substances, for example, Alkaligenes.
Genus, Hydrogenobac
ter), methanobacterium (Metanobac)
terium, Acetobacterium
Halogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic bacteria such as the genus Acterium) have been inoculated, and they are propagated by the supply of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and other trace elements necessary for growth, and inorganic salts. Correspondingly, useful substances 18 such as various organic acids, amino acids, enzymes, physiologically active substances, vitamins or polymers are produced.

When various useful substances 18 are accumulated in the microbial cells, the proliferating microbial cells are taken out of the reactor through the discharge pipe 19, and the useful substances 18 are secreted outside the microbial cells (external production). The culture solution is taken out of the system via the discharge pipe 19 and separated and purified by a conventional means and method.
Eventually pure useful material is produced. When culturing chemoautotrophic microorganisms provided to produce useful substance 18, sterile air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen 1
4 is supplied to the reactor 10 by the blowing pipe 15,
It is uniformly given to microorganisms as fine bubbles.

However, when the selected microorganism is an anaerobic microorganism, the reactor 10 must naturally have a closed structure so that outside air is not mixed in, and in order to maintain the complete anaerobic condition, When oxygen is produced as a metabolite of an autotrophic microorganism, a gas separation mechanism (not shown) must be provided in the path of the gas circulation pipe 6 to completely deoxidize it.

When the growth rate of the hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms cultivated in the reactor 10 is the rate-determining factor of the carbon dioxide gas 8 supplied from the reactor 4 via the gas circulation pipe 6, Carbon dioxide gas 16 is supplied from outside the system by the gas blowing pipe 15. Also, reactor 1
Carbon dioxide 7, which is mainly generated as a metabolite by microbial culture in 0, is supplied to the reactor 4 via the gas circulation path 6 and is effectively used as a carbon source for photoautotrophic microorganisms, but as a total process, The surplus gas 21 is discharged into the atmosphere through the gas discharge pipe 20.

The present invention has been described above in detail as a total system. However, the photoautotrophic microorganisms cultured in the photoautotrophic microorganism culture step (reactor 2) are not cultured in a single system (strain). Also, it is preferable to culture the photosynthetic bacteria and the microalgae as a mixed system in order to obtain preferable results in terms of decomposition of organic matter and hydrogen production.

Usually, hydrogen-producing microalgae, in particular, algae of the genus Oscillatoria and Anabaena, which belong to the cyanobacteria, use carbon dioxide gas as a carbon source in the presence of light energy to collect cells, organic matter and hydrogen. Although it is produced, about 30% of the fixed carbon dioxide gas is used for polysaccharides, acetic acid (CH ₃ COOH), glycolic acid [C
It is released outside the cells as a lower fatty acid such as H ₂ (OH) COOH].

When photosynthetic bacteria coexist with microalgae in the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing step (reactor 2) and are mixed and cultured, the above-mentioned organic substances secreted by the microalgae outside the microbial cells are used as electron donors to produce other nutrients. Since it proliferates remarkably, it is possible to expect complete decomposition of organic substances and production of more hydrogen. The biological reaction equations for hydrogen production in the above-described decomposition of organic matter by purple sulfur bacteria and purple non-sulfur bacteria are as follows. Hydrogen production from acetic acid CH ₃ COOH + 2H ₂ O = 2CO ₂ + 4H ₂ Hydrogen production from glycolic acid CH ₂ (OH) COOH + H ₂ O = 2CO ₂ + 2H ₂

The method for treating organic sewage and / or exhaust gas by photosynthetic microorganisms of the present invention is a very energy-saving method for treating organic sewage, polluted organic substances and sulfur compounds in exhaust gas by the mutual symbiotic action of photosynthetic bacteria and microalgae. It decomposes as an electron donor, converts these decomposed products and water in the system into hydrogen, and also supplies the metabolic gases hydrogen and carbon dioxide to hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms, and these are extremely used as energy sources. It is an excellent new biological treatment process with multiple functions that makes it possible to produce various useful substances with high added value in a resource-saving manner at low cost.

Conventionally, basic researches on hydrogen production by photoautotrophic microorganisms and production of useful substances by hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms have been carried out separately. There was no cooperation, and there was no idea to build these as a total process.

In particular, the advantage of the present invention is that the functions of the photoautotrophic microorganism and the chemoautotrophic microorganism are linked as a total process, and the respective metabolites are exchanged with each other and utilized to combine them into the process. The purpose is to add a function to treat organic sewage and exhaust gas, and to produce a substance with a high added value at a very low cost. Furthermore, a remarkable feature of the present invention is that exhaust gas containing a large amount of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide gas discharged from various business sites was selected as a substrate source, and at present, there is no research of this kind.

Therefore, it is certain that the present invention will be positioned in the mainstream of organic wastewater and exhaust gas treatment as a total process in the future, and by adopting this biological treatment process, improvement of the global environment, especially the problem of global warming Can significantly contribute to the solution.

[0033]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Particularly, in the present invention, claim 1 of the scope of claims
The target is organic wastewater and / or exhaust gas as described in. In the case of targeting exhaust gas, air pollutant gas contained in the exhaust gas is often once dissolved in a liquid and treated as a gas solution, and a method of dissolving it in a liquid and treating it as a gas solution is It is efficient and economical because the capacity of each device is reduced. An example in which an exhaust gas containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide is dissolved in a liquid and treated as a gas dissolved liquid will be described below with reference to FIG.

(Example 1) In FIG. 2, a methane fermentation gas 22 (hereinafter simply referred to as a generated gas 22) generated from the methane fermentation process of human waste was selected as an exhaust gas to be treated. The composition of the evolved gas 22 is CH _{4 as} an average value during the treatment period.
_{61%, CO 2 35%,} H 2 S 1~1.5% ( all V
/ V%). This generated gas 22 has an effective volume of 100
Excessively introduced from the bottom of the liter fermentation tank 23 for methane fermentation gas, the hydrogen sulfide in the generated gas 22, especially hydrogen sulfide, was completely dissolved in tap water (adjusted to pH = 7.5) to dissolve gas 2
It was set to 4.

By this operation, the gas solution 24 supplied to the hydrogen-producing photoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 25 (hereinafter abbreviated as reactor 25) through the supply pipe 26.
The average hydrogen sulfide concentration is 8000 mg / liter, and carbon dioxide is, of course, the saturated concentration at pH = 7.5. Next, this gas solution 24 was introduced into a reactor 25 having an effective volume of 10 liters. As a hydrogen-producing photoautotrophic bacterium, Chromatium binosum (Chromati)
um vinosum) ATCC 17899,
The culture was preliminarily expanded with the medium ATCC37, and 1 liter of the culture solution 27 was inoculated into the reactor 25 having a volume of 10 liters through the supply pipe 28. In addition, in continuous culture, Chromatium (Chromatium)
Inorganic salts and trace elements necessary for the growth of vines were adjusted to a specified concentration according to the medium ATCC37, and continuously added as a culture solution 27 through a supply pipe 28.

A xenon lamp 29 was used as the light energy necessary for photosynthesis, and ultraviolet light was cut through an ultraviolet absorption filter, and visible light was introduced into the reactor 25 by an optical fiber 30. A kind of cyanobacteria (Oscillatoria sp.) Mixed during the continuous culture in the reactor 25.
Begins to grow, Chromium vinosum (Chrom
atium vinosum) and Ossillatoria s
p. A mixed culture system with (Oscillatoria sp.) Was formed. The cell concentration is about 50 after about 1 month of culture.
The cell count reaches 00 mg / liter (retention time is 3 days), and thereafter the cells are separated from the treatment liquid through the cell separation and return pipe 31 so as to maintain this cell concentration, and the cells may be manually operated as necessary. Was returned to reactor 25.

Further, the generated gas 3 from the reactor 25
No. 2 was circulated in the reactor 25 through the circulation path 33 by the blower B in order to sufficiently stir the inside of the reactor 25. Chromatium vinosum and Ossilatoria sp. In reactor 25. (Oscillatoria s
p. ) The evolved gas 32 at the time when the culture of the symbiotic system reached a steady state (about 3 months after the start of the continuous culture).
Had a composition of H ₂ 58%, CO ₂ 34%, and O ₂ 3.5%. The amount of hydrogen gas generated in the steady state is 15
0 to 200 cc / day, the weight of hydrogen gas is 13 to 15 g /
It was a day.

In the final step, a hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganism culture reactor 35 (hereinafter referred to as reactor 35
Abbreviated as “). Alcaligenes eutrophus (Alcalige)
eutrophus) ATCC 17697 culture broth 34 was inoculated into a 10 liter capacity reactor 35 in the amount of 1 liter through a feed pipe 36 to obtain a culture broth 3
Add 4 to get the specified capacity. As the culture medium 34 used in this step, the medium ATCC1246 was used for the basal culture medium, the inorganic salt solution and the trace element solution. For the reactor 35 prepared as described above, the generated gas 3 containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas generated in the reactor 25 and a small amount of oxygen 3
2 was continuously blown in to culture Alcaligenes eutrophus. Further, the generated gas 32 introduced into the circuit 38
It was circulated in the reactor 35 through the circulation passage 38 by the blower B provided in the middle of the above, to completely assimilate hydrogen into the bacterium and to uniformly stir the inside of the tank. This gas circuit 3
A sterilizing filter F was provided in 8, and the culturing of the bacterium in the reactor 35 was performed aseptically. Naturally, the gas generated in the reactor 25 was completely removed of germs by the sterilization filter F provided in the supply pipe 37 before being introduced into the reactor 35.

According to the operation in the reactor 25, the bacterial cell concentration was maintained so that the culture time in the reactor 35 was 3 days and the bacterial cell concentration was around 4500 mg / liter. About 3 months after the continuous operation was started, a steady state was reached, and the growth of the bacterium was confirmed steadily. Therefore, the surplus microbial cells were drawn out of the system through the surplus microbial cell withdrawal tube 40 as an increase amount for one day. , Dehydrated from surplus cells, poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid [CH ₃ CH (OH) CH ₂ COOH] (PH which is valuable as a biodegradable polymer from dehydrated cells
B) was extracted by a conventional method. The daily production of PHB in the two months after the steady state was reached was about 0.3
As a result of the actual measurement, 65% of the bacterial cell weight was occupied by PHB in g / liter / day (3.0 g / 10 liter reactor). Therefore, the daily production of PHB is 1.95g.
Becomes In addition, the reactor 25 and the reactor 35
At the same time, the culture water temperature was adjusted to a constant value of 25 ° C.

By carrying out the above-mentioned treatment, the gas generated from methane fermentation containing a large amount of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide gas is a hydrogen-producing photosynthetic microorganism [Chromatium binosum (Chro
matium vinosum) and Ossillatoria s
p. (Oscillatoria sp.) Mixed culture system] and the chemoautotrophic bacterium that utilizes this hydrogen, Alcaligenes eutrophus (Alcaligenes eu)
by the synergistic effect of
It was definitely proved that it could be converted to HB.

[0041]

According to the present invention, as described in detail above, the present invention is based on an idea of a completely different dimension from the prior art, and has the following effects. (1) Not only can sulfur compounds and / or pollutant organic substances contained in organic sewage and / or exhaust gas be removed in an extremely energy-saving and resource-saving manner, but also generated hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas are chemoautotrophic microorganisms. It can be converted into useful substances with high added value. (2) There is no generation of sludge that is difficult to treat as in the prior art, and on the contrary, a large amount of useful substances are accumulated in the bacterial cells or secreted outside the bacterial cells in the growing bacterial cells. The residue obtained by separating and purifying these useful substances can be recycled as feed and fertilizer. (3) Not only can a large amount of carbon dioxide, which is the cause of global warming, be fixed from the atmosphere by the total process of the present invention, but the carbon dioxide generated in the process is also fixed as a carbon source of microorganisms, It can be converted into useful substances.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a total process for treating sewage and exhaust gas by the complex microorganism of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a total process for treating wastewater and exhaust gas by the complex microorganism of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sulfur-containing sewage (raw water) 2 Exhaust gas 3 Supply pipe 4 Photoautotrophic microbial culture reactor 5 Light energy 6 Circulation path 7 Carbon dioxide 8 Hydrogen + Carbon dioxide 9 Supply pipe 10 Hydrogen-utilizing chemical independent nutrient microbial culture reactor 11 Discharge pipe 12 Excess bacterial cells 13 Air 14 Sterilization or oxygen 15 Supply pipe 16 Carbon dioxide gas 17 Supply pipe 18 Useful substances 19 Supply pipe 20 Discharge pipe 21 Exhaust gas 22 Generated gas 23 Methane fermentation gas dissolution tank 24 Gas dissolved liquid 25 Reactor 26 Dissolved Liquid supply pipe 27 Culture liquid 28 Supply pipe 29 Xenon lamp 30 Optical fiber 31 Cell separation and return pipe 32 Evolved gas 33 Circulation path 34 Culture solution 35 Reactor 36 Supply pipe 37 Supply pipe 38 Circulation path 39 Cell separation and return pipe 40 Surplus cells Drawing tube

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A single photoautotrophic microorganism such as photosynthetic bacteria or microalgae capable of producing hydrogen from various sewage and / or exhaust gas containing sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, metal sulfide, and sulfate and / or organic substances. System and mixed system, while introducing hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas generated in the processing step into the step of culturing hydrogen-utilizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms, to produce various useful substances, A method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas by a microorganism. 2. In the step of culturing chemoautotrophic microorganisms, the chemoautotrophic microorganisms are cultivated heterotrophically, and the carbon dioxide gas discharged is circulated to the photoautotrophic microorganism culturing step as necessary, Fixing with an autotrophic microorganism, sewage by microorganisms according to claim 1, and / or
Or a method of treating exhaust gas. 3. The method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with microorganisms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein sterile oxygen and / or air is supplied in the step of culturing chemoautotrophic microorganisms. 4. The method for culturing a photoautotrophic microorganism, wherein the oxygen partial pressure and / or the nitrogen partial pressure are controlled to be kept as low as possible. Item 1. A method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with the microorganism according to Item 1. 5. In the step of culturing a photoautotrophic microorganism, carbon dioxide gas fixed by the photoautotrophic microorganism is taken out of the system as surplus cells from the culturing step, and is used as a feed, fertilizer and / or agricultural material. The method for treating sewage and / or exhaust gas with microorganisms according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the method is treated as a resource.