JPH06100459A - Method for separating seed from squeeze refuse of citrus fruit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for separating seeds from the squeeze refuses of citrus fruits, capable of efficiently recovering a large amount of the seeds contained in the squeeze refuses in a short time. CONSTITUTION:The separation method comprises the first step of sieving off large external and internal skins from the squeeze refuses of the citrus fruits, the second step of treating the first fraction obtained in the first step with a treating agent selected from an acid, an alkali and an enzyme to dissolve the remaining external and internal skins into fine pieces, and subsequently the third step of sieving off the fine external and internal skin pieces from the second fraction containing seeds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for selecting fruit seeds contained in squeezed lees after squeezing fruit juice to be juice from citrus fruits.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Citrus fruits such as mandarin orange, summer mandarin orange, Hachisaku, and grapefruit are often squeezed into juice and used as beverages. Also occurs in large quantities. The squeezed lees that are produced in large quantities in processing factories may cause environmental pollution if they are discarded as they are. Therefore, they are usually used for livestock feed by heating and drying.

[0003]

However, a large amount of energy is required to heat and dry a large amount of squeezed lees, which is very costly. Moreover, the squeezed meal contains a large amount of citrus seeds as a raw material, but these seeds contain a large amount of limonoid compounds having useful physiological activities such as anticancer activity and antifeedant activity against insects. Included in. Therefore, using these seeds as a feed for livestock together with other squeezed meal may be a waste of resources.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a seed selection method from squeezed lees of citrus fruits, which enables efficient recovery of a large amount of seeds contained in the squeezed lees in a short time. Is intended.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve such an object, a method for selecting seeds from squeezed meal of citrus fruits according to the present invention is performed by sieving the squeezed meal of citrus fruits to form a large hull piece. And a first step of removing endothelium pieces, and the first selected fraction obtained in the first step is treated with any treatment agent selected from the group consisting of acids, alkalis and enzymes A second step in which the outer skin piece and the inner skin piece are melted to be finely divided,
A third step of separating the finely divided pieces of outer skin and pieces of endothelium from the second selection fraction containing seeds by sieving was sequentially performed.

In the above structure, examples of the acid, alkali and enzyme used in the second step include hydrochloric acid as an acid, sodium hydroxide as an alkali, pectinase as an enzyme, cellulase, an enzyme having hemicellulase activity and the like. The concentration of hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide when hydrochloric acid is used as the acid or sodium hydroxide is used as the alkali can be freely selected depending on the treatment temperature and the treatment time.
When the temperature is 00 ° C. and the treatment time is about 10 minutes, the concentration is preferably about 0.24N. On the other hand, in the case of enzymes,
Although it can be freely selected depending on the treatment temperature and the treatment time, for example, when the treatment temperature is 40 ° C. and the treatment time is about 20 hours, 0.025 to
It is preferable to use it at a concentration of about 0.1 wt%.

[0007]

According to the above construction, first, the large pieces of outer skin and the pieces of endothelium that cannot be easily treated with the treatment agent of the second step in the first step are removed by sieving. By this removal, the seeds are also removed together with the outer skin pieces and the inner skin pieces, but the loss is about several% of the whole, so there is no problem from an industrial viewpoint.

Next, in the second step, the seeds in the first selected fraction are not dissolved but the outer and inner skin pieces are dissolved and micronized by the action of the treating agent. Then, when sieving is performed in the third step using a sieve having a mesh slightly smaller than the size of the seed, the second selected fraction, which is mostly seed, remains on the sieve.

[0009]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. (Example 1) First, using a 14.5 mm x 14.5 mm mesh sieve, large pieces of outer skin and pieces of endothelium were removed from 100 kg of summer tangerine squeezed meal to obtain a first selected fraction.

Next, 0.2% of the first selection fraction was treated as a treating agent.
After adding 4N hydrochloric acid and treating at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, it was passed through a sieve having a mesh of 4.5 mm × 50 mm to obtain a second selected fraction containing seeds on the sieve. In addition, in this Example 1, 4.1 kg of seeds were contained in the squeezed lees as a raw material, and the seeds removed together with the large pieces of the outer skin and the pieces of endothelium in the first step were 0.26 kg (6.25 in total). %)
Therefore, it is considered that the loss rate is within the allowable range as an industrial seed collection method. The total weight of the second fraction is 3.
The weight was 56 kg (3.48 kg for inner seeds).

Example 2 A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.06N sodium hydroxide was used as the treating agent instead of 0.24N hydrochloric acid. (Example 3) As a treating agent, 0.12 was used instead of 0.24N hydrochloric acid.
A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that N 2 sodium hydroxide was used.

(Example 4) A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment time was 2.5 minutes. (Example 5) A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment time was 5.0 minutes.

(Example 6) A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment time was 7.5 minutes. (Example 7) As a treating agent, 0.24N was used instead of 0.24N hydrochloric acid.
A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that N 2 sodium hydroxide was used.

(Example 8) As a treating agent, a commercially available enzyme (trade name CELL manufactured by Ueda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. having a concentration of 0.025% was used.
ULOSIN PE100) and the processing temperature is 40 ℃,
A second selected fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment time was 20 hours. (Example 9) As a treatment agent, a commercially available enzyme having a concentration of 0.050% (trade name: CELLULOSIN PE10 manufactured by Ueda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
A second selection fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that (0) was used.

Example 10 A commercially available enzyme (trade name: CE manufactured by Ueda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) having a concentration of 0.100% was used as a treating agent.
The second selection fraction was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that LLULOSIN PE100) was used. The size of the mesh of the sieve used to obtain the second sorted fraction was calculated from the average value and standard deviation of the seeds contained in the squeezed lees, the size of which was measured. Incidentally, the short diameter of the seed was 5.32 mm and its standard deviation was 0.64 mm.

Content of seeds and recovery of seeds in the second selected fraction obtained in Examples 1 to 10 (weight of seeds contained in second selected fraction / contained in squeezed meal) The weight of the seeds was calculated by 100), and the contents of the limonoid aglycone (non-glycoside) and the limonoid glycoside in the seeds selected in each Example are shown in Table 1 together. .

In the table, L is Limonin, N
Is Nomilin, O is Obacunone,
LG is a limonin glycoside, NG is a nomiline glycoside, NAG
Means nomyric acid glycoside, and OG means obaknone glycoside.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[0019]

The method of selecting seeds from squeezed meal of citrus fruits according to the present invention is constituted as described above.
The seeds in the squeezed lees can be easily selected and collected in a short time. Therefore, it becomes possible to inexpensively provide a limonoid compound having useful physiological activities such as an anti-cancer activity and an antifeedant activity against insects.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yoshihiko Ozaki 1501-2 Tsubo, Shimotsu-cho, Seagrass-gun, Wakayama Prefecture (72) Inventor Yasushi Ifuku 3-7-84 Nishihama, Wakayama-shi

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A group consisting of an acid, an alkali and an enzyme, which comprises a first step of sieving squeezed lees of citrus fruits to remove large pieces of outer skin and pieces of endothelium, and a first selected fraction obtained in the first step consisting of acid, alkali and enzyme. A second step of treating with any one of the treatment agents selected from the above to dissolve and refine the outer skin pieces and endothelial pieces in the first selected fraction; (2) A method of selecting seeds from squeezed meal of citrus fruits, which comprises a third step of separating the selected fractions by sieving.