JP6886185B2 - How to process citrus fruits - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for processing citrus fruits, and more particularly to a processing method for effectively using the entire citrus fruit without waste.

In general, citrus fruits such as citrus fruits, oranges, and citrons are separated from the skin and actually used as a material for canned foods, juices, or dressings. The skin is seasoned by grinding or drying. It is used as a material for ingredients (for example, yuzu peel is a material for yuzu pepper, and citrus peel is a material for chenpi and Chinese herbs).

On the other hand, citrus fruits that fall from the parent tree or whose fruits are too small or too large are used as feed for livestock, but are usually discarded or plowed into the soil as fertilizer for the fields. It has been squeezed in, so-called waste.

As described above, the conventional method for processing citrus fruits is complicated and requires a large number of steps, or is disposed of as wasteful. In particular, depending on the type of citrus fruit, a large amount of oil is contained in the skin portion, and the treatment of this oil content is troublesome with the conventional processing technique, and the skin portion may be forced to be discarded. In other words, the oil contained in the skin portion has extremely beneficial and high nutritional value, and the disposal of the skin portion is a factor that promotes the waste of citrus fruits.

In consideration of such circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for processing not only citrus fruits but also skin portions in an extremely simple process. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of processing a citrus fruit containing a large amount of oil in the skin portion by a simple operation and effectively utilizing a beneficial and highly nutritious portion.

In the method for processing citrus fruits of the present invention, when crushing citrus fruits, 0.2 to 5 times the weight of the fruits is added before, after, or during the crushing, and after crushing, It is characterized by solid-liquid separation.

The citrus fruit in the present invention may be rind, fruit, or rind and fruit. Further, in the present invention, a cylindrical body in which the peripheral wall is composed of a screen (porous body, net-like body, etc.) and spiral screw blades are provided around the shaft is installed so that the shaft is in the horizontal direction. Crushed citrus fruits containing water may be put into one end in the axial direction of the cylinder, and solid-liquid separation may be performed while the screw blades move the inside of the cylinder to the other end.

According to the processing method of the present invention, citrus fruits are hardened when crushing only the skin, only the fruit, or the whole (that is, the skin and the fruit, which may contain seeds), or as described later. When re-crushing the solid content after liquid separation, by adding water before, after, or during the crushing, even if the citrus fruit contains a large amount of oil, it becomes easy to separate solid and liquid. can do.

The liquid containing the crushed citrus fruits is separated into solid and liquid, and the liquid can be used as it is as juice or as a material for dressings, seasonings, cosmetics, etc., and the solid content remains as it is, seasonings and makeup. It can be used as a material for foods, as a feed for livestock, as a fertilizer for agricultural products and flowers, and if it is dried or fertilized, its use will be further expanded as a value-added supplement or cosmetic. In the processing method of the present invention, most of the liquid content is recovered, the amount of solid content is extremely small, and both the liquid content and the solid content can be easily processed.

Further, according to the processing method of the present invention, the peripheral wall is composed of a screen such as a perforated plate or a mesh plate, spiral screw blades are provided around an internal shaft, and the shaft is installed so as to be in the horizontal direction. Crushed citrus fruits containing water are put into one end of the cylinder in the axial direction, and solid-liquid separation is performed while the screw blades move the inside of the cylinder to the other end, and the liquid content is separated from the peripheral wall. Leaks out of the cylinder from the screen of the perforated plate or net plate, and receives the liquid by an appropriate liquid receiving part, and the solid content moves to the other end side on the screw blade or falls to the bottom of the cylinder. Since it is taken out from the other end side and the bottom portion, the above solid-liquid separation can be performed extremely smoothly. Moreover, the cleaning of the processing apparatus after processing by the method of the present invention can be made beautiful only by washing the screw blades and the screen with water, and can be easily transferred to the next processing.

As described above, according to the processing method of the present invention, a large amount of oil is contained, and the whole citrus fruit is easily operated by a simple operation without actually separating the citrus fruit from the skin, which was impossible by the conventional processing method. Can be processed into.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment example of the processing method of this invention, and is the figure for demonstrating one method at the time of solid-liquid separation of the liquid containing crushed citrus fruit.

In the processing method of the present invention, first, citrus fruits are crushed into a paste, and water is added before or after crushing, or during the crushing process. The amount of water should be 0.2 to 5 times (preferably 1 to 2 times) the weight of the citrus fruit. By adding water, even if the citrus fruit contains a large amount of oil, it becomes easy to separate solid and liquid.

Citrus fruits are classified according to the type (variety), the underground condition of the habitat (good or bad fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer, the amount of water, the temperature of the soil, the type and amount of microorganisms, etc.), and the condition in the atmosphere ( The amount of oil contained varies depending on the humidity (high / low humidity, high / low temperature, type and amount of microorganisms and impurities, etc.) and sunshine conditions (long / short, strength). If the amount of oil is appropriate or small, the amount of water added is small (water may not be added in some cases), and good solid-liquid separation is facilitated. On the other hand, even if the oil content is too large, water can be added to make the solid-liquid separation easy.

Therefore, when it is judged that the oil content of the skin is high, the amount of water added is increased. Then, the citrus fruits after crushing are in a state where they can be easily separated into solid and liquid, and the solid and liquid can be separated satisfactorily.
On the contrary, when it is judged that the oil content of the skin is low, the amount of water added is small (in some cases, the addition of water is unnecessary), and the solid-liquid separation of the liquid containing the crushed citrus fruit becomes easy.

The amount of water added in the present invention is 0.2 to 5 times, preferably 0.5 to 5 times, more preferably 1 to 2 times the weight of the citrus fruit. Even if it is more than this, there is no problem in the crushing process, but the amount processed in the solid-liquid separation process after crushing becomes too large, or a large amount of water gets into the liquid, for example, as juice as it is, or as a seasoning or cosmetics. This is because it is not suitable for use as a material for.

Further, the water may be water containing vinegar, carbonated water, or the like, in addition to tap water, distilled water, and ion-exchanged water.

In the citrus fruit of the present invention, the skin and the fruit may be separated and only the skin may be processed, or only the fruit may be processed. Of course, it may be whole, that is, a fruit with a skin, and may contain seeds. Regardless of the type of citrus fruit, for example, yuzu, kabosu, sudachi, mikan, decopon, lemon, orange, nable, grapefruit, pomelo, tangoru, tanzero, kinkan , Any one of the other citrus fruits, or a mixture of two or more.

In the processing method of the present invention, crushed citrus fruits and added water (water was used before crushing the citrus fruits, during crushing the citrus fruits, or crushing the citrus fruits. It will be added later.) Is solid-liquid separated.
First, when citrus fruits (skin only, fruit only, or whole (including seeds), the same applies hereinafter) are crushed by a crusher (not shown) and the skin has a high oil content (for example, yuzu), Make a paste and add water. Water may be added before crushing the citrus fruits or during crushing the citrus fruits.
If it is determined that the oil content of the skin is low, it may be crushed and the amount of water added may be small (in some cases, water may not be added).

In a crusher (not shown), multiple blades move or rotate in the vertical direction to break citrus fruits (for example, yuzu), or multiple rolls arranged in the vertical or horizontal direction are used. It may be rotated and ground. By crushing in such a crusher, the citrus fruit becomes a paste. Since it is difficult to separate individual liquids in the form of a paste, water is added and the mixture is stirred.

The liquid containing the citrus fruits crushed as described above and the added water is sent to the solid-liquid separator 1 for solid-liquid separation. In this solid-liquid separator 1, a cylindrical body 16 having a peripheral wall composed of a screen 11 and a spiral screw blade 12 provided around an internal shaft 15 is installed so that the shaft 15 is in the horizontal direction. A supply port 14'is provided at one end of the cylindrical body 16 in the axis 15 direction, and a discharge port 14 is provided at the other end. The crushed citrus fruits containing water are supplied into the cylinder 16 from the supply port 14', and are solid-liquid separated while the inside of the cylinder 16 is transferred to the discharge port 14 by the screw blades 12.

The solid-liquid separated liquid leaks from the screen 11 to the outside of the cylindrical body 16, is received by the liquid receiving unit 17, and is stored in the liquid storage tank 18. On the other hand, the solid content is discharged from the discharge port 14, transferred from the solid material receiving portion to the screw conveyor 19, and subjected to appropriate processing.

In the solid-liquid separator 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a resistor 13 is fitted on the shaft 15 at the end of the shaft 15 on the discharge port 14 side. The resistor 13 prevents the liquid component further separated from the solid content after solid-liquid separation by compression between the shaft 15, the resistor 13 and the screw blade 12 from being transferred to the solid content again, and receives the liquid. It acts to lead to the part 17.

[Example 1]
Yuzu harvested in Shizuoka Prefecture in late December 2016 was processed in the following manner using the apparatus shown in FIG.

10 kg of citron was added so as to be 10 kg of water with respect to 10 kg of paste-like citron crushed by a crusher (not shown).

This was stirred to make it liquid, injected into the solid-liquid separator 1, and moved from the injection side end to the other side end by the operation of the spiral screw blade 12. During this transition, solid-liquid separation is performed, the liquid leaks from the screen 11 and is received by the liquid receiving portion 17, and the solid content is passed through the solid material receiving portion at the other end of the screw blade 12 and screw conveyor. It moved to 19 and was subjected to a predetermined process. The yield of the liquid content was about 19 kg, and the yield of the solid content was about 0.8 kg.

[Example 2]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 1 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and solid-liquid separated in the same manner as in Example 1.

A smooth and good paste was discharged from a crusher (not shown), and when 10 kg of water was added thereto and injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 to transfer from the injection side end to the other side end, a good solid liquid was discharged. Separation was done. The yield of the liquid content was about 19.9 kg, and the yield of the solid content was about 0.09 kg.

[Example 3]
Yuzu harvested in Kanagawa Prefecture in mid-January 2017 was processed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was added as follows.

Water was added to 10 kg of paste-like citron from a crusher (not shown) so as to be 10 kg of water, and 10 kg of water was further added during crushing while stirring. When water was added to the paste-like citron and the state of the stirred liquid was visually observed, the same state as in Example 1 was exhibited. The amount of the obtained liquid content was about 8.5 kg more than that of Example 1, but the operation with the solid-liquid separator 1 was almost the same as that of Example 1. The yield of solids was about 1.4 kg.

[Example 4]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 3 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and solid-liquid separated in the same manner as in Example 3.

A smooth and good paste was discharged from a crusher (not shown). Water was added to the paste, and the mixture was stirred and then injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 to move from the injection side end to the other side end. Solid-liquid separation was performed. The yield of the liquid content was about 19.7 kg, and the yield of the solid content was about 0.15 kg.

[Example 5]
Same as Example 1 except that the oranges harvested in Shizuoka and Kanagawa prefectures in late October 2017 are separated into peels and fruits, and the peels of oranges produced in both prefectures are separated and mixed by 5 kg each, and no water is added. And processed. When the state of the mandarin orange peel coming out of the crusher (not shown) was visually observed, it showed a smooth and good liquid as in Example 1, and it was not necessary to add water.
The yield of the liquid content was about 9.8 kg, and the yield of the solid content was about 0.1 kg.

[Example 6]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 5 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and solid-liquid separated in the same manner as in Example 5.

Similar to Example 2, a smooth and good paste is discharged from a crusher (not shown), water is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred and then injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 from the injection side end to the other side. When transferred to the edge, good solid-liquid separation was performed. The yield of the liquid content was about 9.6 kg, and the yield of the solid content was about 0.25 kg.

[Example 7]
One month later, the mandarin orange peels left in Example 3 were mixed in 5 kg portions, which were in a slightly dry state, and processed in the same manner as in Example 3. A crusher (not shown) was used. Since the crushing was not performed well, 5 kg of water was added to a crusher (not shown) while crushing. As a result, as in Example 3, the mandarin orange peel coming out of the crusher was a smooth and good liquid as in Example 3.

[Example 8]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 7 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and solid-liquid separated in the same manner as in Example 7.

A smooth and good liquid was discharged from a crusher (not shown), and when this was injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 and transferred from the injection side end to the other side end, good solid-liquid separation was performed. ..

[Example 9]
Lemons harvested in Kanagawa Prefecture in mid-January 2017 were processed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was added as follows.

Water was added to 10 kg of lemon crushed by a crusher (not shown) so as to be 10 kg of water, and 10 kg of water was further added and stirred. When the state of the lemon coming out of the crusher (not shown) was visually observed, it was found to be in the same liquid state as in Example 1. The amount of the obtained liquid content was about 28.8 kg, the solid content was about 0.15 kg, and the operation in the solid-liquid separator 1 was almost the same as in Example 1.

[Example 10]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 9 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and water was added in the same manner as in Example 9 to carry out solid-liquid separation.

Water was discharged from a crusher (not shown) in a smooth and good paste form, and when water was added to the crusher and injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 to move from the injection side end to the other side end, good solid liquid was discharged. Separation was done.

[Example 11]
Lemons harvested in Kanagawa Prefecture in mid-January 2017 were processed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was added as follows.

Water was added to 10 kg of lemon crushed by a crusher (not shown) so as to be 15 kg of water, and 15 kg of water was additionally added and stirred. When the mixed state of the crushed lemon and water was visually observed, it was found to be in the same liquid state as in Example 1. The amount of the obtained liquid content was about 38.8 kg, the solid content was about 0.1 kg, and the operation in the solid-liquid separator 1 was almost the same as in Example 1.

[Example 12]
The solid content obtained by repeating the process in the same manner as in Example 11 was collected to make 10 kg, which was crushed and solid-liquid separated in the same manner as in Example 11.

Water was discharged from a crusher (not shown) in a smooth and good paste form, and when water was added to the crusher and injected into the solid-liquid separator 1 to move from the injection side end to the other side end, good solid liquid was discharged. Separation was done.

1 Solid-liquid separator 11 Screen 12 Screw blade 13 Resistor 14'Supply port 14 Discharge port 15 Axis 16 Cylindrical body 17 Liquid receiving part 18 Liquid storage tank 19 Screw conveyor

Claims (2)

When crushing whole citrus fruits or skins and fruits , before, after, or during the crushing, add 0.2 to 5 times the weight of the whole fruits or skins and fruits.
After crushing, it separates into solid and liquid .
In the solid-liquid separation, a cylindrical body having a peripheral wall composed of a screen and spiral screw blades around an internal shaft is installed so that the shaft is in the horizontal direction.
The whole citrus fruit or skin and fruit after crushing containing water are put into one end in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the screw blades transfer the inside of the cylinder to the other end. A method of processing citrus fruits, which is characterized by being a thing. When crushing whole citrus fruits or skins and fruits , add water before, after, or during crushing.
After crushing, it separates into solid and liquid .
In the solid-liquid separation, a cylindrical body having a peripheral wall composed of a screen and spiral screw blades around an internal shaft is installed so that the shaft is in the horizontal direction.
The whole citrus fruit or skin and fruit after crushing containing water are put into one end in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the screw blades transfer the inside of the cylinder to the other end. A method of processing citrus fruits, which is characterized by being a thing.

Images