JPH0593197U - Speaker - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a speaker which can be remarkably increased in efficiency, has high performance, and can be reduced in weight. In a normal speaker or a speaker having a magnetic circuit section of repulsive magnetic field type, the voice coil 1 is wholly or partially disposed on a conductive wire formed of a conductive material C and at least a part of the surface of the conductive wire. Or a composite wire A composed of a magnetic wire F formed of the magnetic material F or a conductive wire C disposed on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire F. It consists of.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a speaker, and more particularly to a speaker which is efficient and can be reduced in weight.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, a conventional general speaker uses a magnetic circuit composed of a yoke Y, a single magnet M and a top plate TP, and a voice coil 1 is arranged in a magnetic gap G. It was structured to do. In the figure, 11 is a voice coil bobbin, 2 is a diaphragm, 3 is a damper, 5 is a frame, and 7 is a dust cap. Note that, in FIG. 23, an example is shown in which a wither (medium and high range vibration plate) is attached above the neck portion 21 of the cone vibration plate 2.

A voice coil wire of a conductive material C such as a copper wire is used in the voice coil of these conventional general loudspeakers. The purpose of this voice coil wire material is to improve the magnetic efficiency. Various speakers have been proposed, for example, in the one proposed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 155296/1985, as shown in FIG. 24, a rectangular magnetic material wire made of a magnetic material F is wound around a voice coil bobbin 11. In addition, a non-magnetic material round wire made of a non-magnetic material (conductive material) C is wound as the outer layer. With such a configuration, the magnetic flux from the magnet M is easily transmitted by the magnetic material F, and the magnetic gap is apparently narrowed by the width of the magnetic material F, so that the speaker efficiency can be improved. In addition, in the one proposed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-28920, as shown in FIG. 25, the voice coil wire is formed by mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the conductive material C. ..

On the other hand, a structure in which magnets magnetized in the thickness direction are arranged so that the same poles face each other, and a voice coil is arranged and driven in a repulsive magnetic field generated by both magnets, downsizing and thinning are performed. In addition, various speakers have been proposed for the purpose of weight reduction and the like, for example, those disclosed in JP-A-59-148500 and JP-A-1-98400. The relation between the repulsive magnetic field and the voice coil is shown in FIG. 25 in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-148500, and in FIG. 26 in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-98400. is there. In the figure, M1 and M2 are magnets, P is a center plate arranged on the opposing surfaces of both magnets, 1 is a voice coil, and 11 is a coil bobbin.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In the speaker voice coil shown in FIG. 24, a magnetic wire made of the magnetic material F itself and a conductive wire made of the conductive material C are wound in different layers. The thermal expansion coefficient is overwhelmingly higher than that of, and the entire adhesive bond between the magnetic wire and the conductive wire and the joint between the ends of the magnetic wire and the conductive wire are easily peeled off. Was there. In particular, it is well known that the temperature of the voice coil becomes 200 to 300 ° C. when the signal is input to the speaker of the voice coil which is made of only the normal conductive material C, and the magnetic material F is compared with the conductive material C. Therefore, the conductivity is extremely low. Therefore, when a signal is input to the magnetic wire, it causes high temperature heat generation, and the problem of peeling due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion becomes remarkable. Although the conductive material C has a higher heat dissipation effect than the magnetic material F, even if a conductive wire material having a high heat dissipation effect is arranged on the surface side of the voice coil as shown in FIG. Since the temperature is much higher than that of the normal voice coil, it is difficult to take advantage of the heat dissipation effect of the conductive wire. Further, it is difficult to improve the sound quality of the speaker due to the overwhelming difference in conductivity between the magnetic material F and the conductive material C. In order to solve this difference in conductivity, the magnetic wire material and the conductive wire material are different from each other. It may be possible to adjust the diameter and so on to make the electric conductivity equal, but in this case, since the thickness of both wire rods is significantly different, there is a drawback that both wire rods are more easily peeled off. Was extremely difficult to implement.

The most difficult point of what is shown in FIG. 25 is that since the magnetic material F is mixed in the conductive material C, the resistance increases and the heat generation is remarkable. Also, with this type of voice coil wire, it was extremely difficult to make a voice coil wire. That is, an extremely thin wire having a diameter of 0.3 mm or less is usually used for a voice coil wire. A general method for producing the wire is to first form a relatively thick wire and then elongate the wire. To be formed. However, in the case of the voice coil wire rod as shown in FIG. 25, when the thick wire rod is drawn, the powder of the magnetic material is caught on the edge of the wire rod discharge hole of the drawing machine, and the voice coil wire rod is drawn. May be disconnected. As a method of mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the conductive material C, a method of mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the melted conductive material C and stirring, and a method of mixing the powder of the conductive material C and the powder of the magnetic material F A method of mixing and stirring powder and powder may be considered, but in any case, since the conductive material C and the magnetic material F have different specific gravities, they can be uniformly stirred and used as a voice coil wire. It was extremely difficult to maintain accuracy. In addition, when the stirring work was carried out, a large amount of oxygen was contacted with it, and an oxide was formed, so that it was not possible to maintain sufficient quality for use as a voice coil wire. Although this point can be solved if the stirring work is performed in argon or in a vacuum, there is a problem that the installation cost increases and the cost significantly increases. Therefore, mass productivity is poor, it is difficult to maintain high quality, and the cost is significantly increased. Therefore, it is actually very difficult to implement the speaker shown in FIG.

Further, in the structure shown in FIG. 26, since the voice coil 1 whose coil wire is made of only a general conductive material C such as a copper wire is used, the magnetic force required to drive the voice coil 1 is reduced. It was difficult to efficiently permeate. That is, the magnetic flux width obtained by the repulsive magnetic field structure is extremely narrow, and the outer plate OP or the like having a predetermined thickness made of the magnetic material F is arranged on the outer peripheral portion P1 of the center plate P so that the outer direction of the outer peripheral portion P1 of the center plate P1 is reduced. A desired magnetic flux width cannot be obtained unless magnetism is induced in the plate, and the magnetic flow guided to the center plate outer peripheral portion P1 is also indicated by a broken line except for a part thereof, as shown by a broken line in the plate outer peripheral portion P1. Immediately, it flows toward the S pole side of the outer peripheral ends of the magnets M1 and M2. Therefore, since almost no magnetism flows in the direction necessary to drive the voice coil 1, that is, the direction crossing the voice coil 1, the efficiency is deteriorated, and the sound pressure in the low and middle frequencies cannot be obtained. As a result, practical application was difficult.

On the other hand, in the one shown in FIG. 27, a tape made of a soft magnetic material having an extremely high magnetic permeability, for example, an amorphous metal tape Fa is wound around the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil 1, so that the flow of magnetism occurs. Has a shape that makes it easy to cross the coil wire as shown by the broken line. However, the amorphous metal tape Fa is arranged on the outermost peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil 1, that is, it is arranged at the position farthest from the outer peripheral portion P1 of the center plate P where the most magnetism appears. .. As is well known, the magnet becomes weaker as it gets farther away. Therefore, in the case shown in FIG. 27, an amorphous metal having an extremely high magnetic permeability is used for the purpose of efficiently concentrating the weakened magnetism. In addition to the usual coil wire material, the amorphous metal tape Fa is required for the production of No. 1, and not only has the disadvantage that the number of parts of the voice coil 1 increases, but at present, the amorphous metal tape Fa is made of conventional iron, permalloy, etc. Compared with soft magnetic materials, they are not common, and have the drawback of being difficult to obtain and costly.

Further, in general, the amorphous metal tape Fa has a high elastic modulus and a property of being difficult to bend, so that curling is difficult, and there is a drawback that it is difficult to store the shape along the outer peripheral portion of the voice coil 1. Therefore, even when the amorphous metal tape Fa is attached to the coil wire outer peripheral portion 12 with an adhesive or the like, the attachment state must be maintained until the adhesive exhibits strength, which increases the number of steps of the attachment work. In addition, there is a drawback that the complexity is increased, and even after the amorphous metal tape Fa is adhered, the end portion of the tape Fa is easily lifted up. If reinforcement is performed with a fixing band or an adhesive to prevent the lift-up, the voice coil 1 of There is a drawback that the efficiency becomes poor because the weight becomes heavy. Further, in the structure shown in FIG. 27, since the outer shape P1 of the center plate P is smaller than the outer diameters of the magnets M1 and M2, the amount of magnetic flux generated in the outer peripheral portion of the center plate P is small and the efficiency is poor. There are also drawbacks.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional speaker and to provide a speaker which can be remarkably improved in efficiency, has high performance, and can be reduced in weight.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In the speaker according to the present invention, the voice coil of the speaker is wholly or partly composed of a composite wire material including a conductive wire material formed of a conductive material and a magnetic material arranged on at least a part of the surface of the conductive wire material. Alternatively, the composite wire is composed of a magnetic wire formed of a magnetic material and a conductive material arranged on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire. In a speaker having another structure, a voice coil structure is formed by simultaneously winding a plurality of voice coil wire materials of different materials so that the material of the voice coil wire material is alternately different.

In this case, magnets magnetized in the thickness direction are arranged so that the same poles face each other, and a center plate made of a magnetic material is sandwiched between the facing surfaces of both magnets. It is also possible to configure a magnetic circuit section by a repulsive magnetic field, arrange the voice coil outside the center plate so as to be located in the repulsive magnetic field, and drive the diaphragm by the voice coil. In this case, the diameter of the center plate is made larger than the diameter of both magnets. It is also possible to use a bobbinless structure for the voice coil. In this case, a diaphragm such as cone paper or a suspension such as a damper is arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the voice coil, or the voice coil is used. A vibrating plate such as cone paper or a suspension such as a damper can be arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the. It should be noted that a wither may be attached to the outer periphery of the voice coil above the neck of the diaphragm made of cone paper.In this case, the chamber or dust cap should be attached near the top of the wither or on the slope. To be done. Further, it is possible to directly attach the magnetic circuit section and the diaphragm to the speaker grill or the punching of the speaker grill to form a frameless structure.

[0013]

[Action]

 All or part of the voice coil is composed of a composite wire consisting of a conductive wire formed of a conductive material and a magnetic material arranged on at least a part of the surface of the conductive wire, or formed of a magnetic material. Since it is composed of a composite wire consisting of a magnetic wire and a conductive material arranged on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire, the magnetic flux from the magnet can pass through the magnetic material well, improving the efficiency of the speaker. Not only can this be achieved, but the weight of the voice coil itself can be reduced. If voice coil wire rods are made of different materials at the same time and the voice coil wire rods are made of different materials, it is possible to select and combine voice coil wire rods appropriately. The efficiency and weight of the speaker can be improved in the same manner as described above while considering the characteristics of the speaker.

Further, by using the above-mentioned voice coil in the magnetic circuit capable of obtaining the repulsive magnetic field, the magnetic material is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the center plate, and the magnetism is further outward from the outer peripheral portion of the center plate. A magnetic flux that is induced and crosses the coil wire is easily obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a sound pressure level that is practically acceptable without constructing a magnetic gap as in the conventional case, and thus it is possible to achieve further weight reduction and thickness reduction. Not only can the conventional type shown in the figure not be able to obtain sound pressure in the mid-low range, which was difficult to put into practical use, but it can also improve the sound pressure level from the mid-low range to the high range, as will be described later. It is possible to obtain the characteristics that are improved. Further, compared with the conventional one shown in FIG. 27, the magnetic material is located at a position extremely close to the magnetic flux, which has the advantage of improving efficiency, and the weight of the voice coil is reduced. In a magnetic circuit utilizing the repulsive magnetic field described above, the center plate sandwiched by both magnets is made larger by 1 mm than the diameter of the magnet, so that the outer dimension of the center plate is the outer shape of the magnet. The magnetic flux can be more effectively obtained outside the outer peripheral portion of the center plate as compared with the case where the magnetic flux is smaller.

Further, since a structure in which a diaphragm such as cone paper or a suspension such as a damper is arranged on the upper end portion or the lower end portion of the voice coil or the outer peripheral portion, further thinning is facilitated, and By making the speaker a bobbin-less structure, one layer can be made lighter and more efficient, and a speaker with higher performance can be obtained by optimally selecting the material and arrangement of the magnetic material. In this case, add a wither to the outer periphery of the voice coil above the neck of the diaphragm, and then attach a chamber, dust cap, etc. near the top of the wither or on the slope to allow a longer stroke for the diaphragm. You can

Further, when the magnetic circuit section and the diaphragm are directly attached to the speaker grill or the punching of the speaker grill to form a frameless structure, it is possible to further reduce the weight.

[0017]

【Example】

 An embodiment of a speaker according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 21, but the same parts as those of the conventional one described with reference to FIGS. To do. In the figure, A is a composite wire formed by disposing a magnetic material F on the surface of a conductive wire formed of a conductive material C. For the sake of simplicity, the outermost insulating layer of the voice coil wire is omitted. In FIG. 1, the composite wire A is wound around a voice coil bobbin 11 to form a voice coil 1, which is arranged in the magnetic gap G of the conventional speaker shown in FIG. Therefore, the magnetic flux from the magnet M is concentrated and easily transmitted by the magnetic material F of the composite wire A, so that the efficiency of the speaker is improved. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the conductive material C is arranged at the center and the magnetic material F is arranged on the surface of the conductive material C to form the composite wire A. It is needless to say that the amounts of the two can be adjusted appropriately in consideration of the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion and the coefficient of thermal expansion. Since the composite wire A has a higher electric conductivity than the magnetic wire made of only the magnetic material F and has a good heat dissipation effect, the composite wire A itself does not generate much heat. Therefore, the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the conductive material C and the magnetic material F does not need to be so important, and the stable state can be maintained. If the configuration is such that only the conductive wire placed in the center can secure sufficient conductivity, even if the conductive wire expands and the magnetic material F is disconnected, there will be no speaker characteristics or sound quality. There is no problem, and in this case, since the magnetic material F does not fall off from the conductive wire material, no problem arises with respect to the effect of concentrating the magnetic flux from the magnet M. Further, it is also possible to arrange the conductive material C on the surface of the magnetic wire formed of the magnetic material F to form the composite wire A, and in this case also, the efficiency of the speaker can be improved in the same manner as above. it can. In particular, in terms of the coefficient of thermal expansion, since the conductive material C having a high coefficient of thermal expansion and a high heat dissipation effect is disposed on the surface side, there is no particular problem.

Next, as a method of manufacturing the composite wire A, the magnetic material F dissolved in the entire surface of the thick rod-shaped conductive material C is appropriately arranged with an appropriate thickness to form a thick bar-shaped composite wire, and A method of forming a rod-shaped composite wire by stretching, a clad method of crimping a magnetic material F on a conductive material C, a method of applying a magnetic material F on the surface of the conductive material C, and a method of depositing a magnetic material F on the surface of the conductive material C. Etc. can be appropriately adopted. In particular, in the method of forming a thick rod-shaped composite wire by stretching, the magnetic material F can be formed thick, so that the performance can be further improved.

The composite wire A used in the voice coil 1 may be a flat wire C1 formed of a conductive material C with a magnetic material F disposed on the entire surface as shown in FIG. As described above, the magnetic material F may be disposed on one surface of the conductive material foil C3, slit into a predetermined width, and then subjected to insulation treatment. In this case, the conductive material C may be not only copper but also aluminum or the like, and it goes without saying that the method of disposing the magnetic material F on the conductive material C can be appropriately selected as described above.

Depending on the use of the speaker, the voice coil 1 can be constructed by winding a plurality of types of composite wire A having different magnetic materials F to be arranged in different winding layers. For example, in FIG. 4, the first layer and the second layer are wound with the composite wire A in which the iron Ff is arranged around the copper wire C1, and the third layer and the fourth layer are permalloy Fp around the copper wire C1. It is an example in which the arranged composite wire A is wound to form the voice coil 1. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the composite wire A is used as a part of the voice coil 1. The first layer and the second layer are wound with the normal copper wire C1, and the third layer and the fourth layer are wound with the composite wire A. It shows a structure of the voice coil 1. Even in this case, it is needless to say that the amounts of the conductive material C and the magnetic material F can be appropriately changed in consideration of the electric conductivity and the thermal expansion coefficient. As described above, since the composite wire A has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the wire containing only the magnetic material F, as shown in FIG. 5, the copper wire C1 and the composite wire A are wound in different layers. Also in the configuration, the wire rods are not separated from each other due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the voice coil 1 is made of different materials by winding a plurality of different voice coil wire materials. In this configuration example, the composite wire A in which the magnetic material F is iron Ff and the composite wire A in which the magnetic material F is permalloy Fp are wound at the same time so that the materials are alternately changed. Further, FIG. 7 shows an example in which two conductive wire materials and a composite wire material A made of a normal conductive material C are wound at the same time so that the materials are alternately changed. In this case, since it is possible to select and combine voice coil wires appropriately, it is possible to improve the efficiency and reduce the weight of the speaker in the same manner as above, while considering the characteristics of the speaker to be created. it can. In such a configuration, even if the ratio of the magnetic material F to the conductive material C in the composite wire A is not changed depending on the speaker to be implemented, the voice coil suitable for the speaker can be selected by selecting the wire to be combined. Therefore, the existing composite wire A can be reused.

Next, an example in which the speaker of the magnetic circuit unit having a repulsive magnetic field is implemented will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 21. The magnets M1 and M2 used in this embodiment are neodymium magnets magnetized in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, a ring-shaped magnet having an outer diameter of 29 mm, an inner diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 6 mm is used. 2 were used. 8 and 9, reference numeral 4 denotes a holder, which is used to support the magnets M1 and M2 and the center plate P sandwiched between the magnets M1 and M2. The holder 4 is made of aluminum, and its structure is such that a center guide portion 41 having a cylindrical shape facing upward from the bottom portion is provided at the center of the bottom portion, and a magnet M1 is provided at a lower end portion of the center guide portion 41. A step portion 42 having a function of positioning the M2 and the center plate P in the height direction is provided.

After the acrylic adhesive is applied to the stepped portion 42, the magnet M 2 is oriented with the N pole facing upward, and the inner diameter portion M 22 of the magnet M 2 is guided to the center guide portion 41 of the holder 4. insert. The outer shape of the center guide portion 41 is processed to 11.95 mm so that it can be easily inserted. After applying an adhesive to the upper surface of the inserted magnet M2, a ring-shaped center plate P having an outer diameter of 29.95 mm, an inner diameter of 11.95 mm and a thickness of 4 mm is inserted. The center plate P is made of iron whose inner and inner ridge lines are chamfered by C0.4, and the inner diameter part P2 is press-fitted into the center guide part 41 so that the lower surface of the center plate P is the magnet. Push it in until it comes into close contact with the N pole side of M2. Further, an adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the center plate P, the magnet inner diameter portion M12 is inserted into the center guide portion 41 with the N pole of the magnet M1 facing downward, and the magnet M1 is brought into close contact with the upper surface of the center plate P. Push it in position. Therefore, the magnets M1 and M2 whose N poles face each other sandwich the center plate P, and the center plate outer peripheral portion P1 is installed with the outer peripheral portions M11 and M21 of the magnets M1 and M2 projecting about 0.5 mm outside. Will be done.

To attach this magnetic circuit to the frame 5, the holder 4 is fixed to the frame 5. A flange portion 43 having a width of about 2 mm and a thickness of 2.5 mm is provided on the outside of the holder 4 and the flange portion 43 is provided. On the outer side of 43, tongue-shaped convex portions 44 are projected at four places by 90 ° distribution, and a tap 45 having a diameter of 4 mm is formed near the central portion of the convex portions 44. After applying a rubber adhesive to the flange portion 43, the bottom portion of the frame 5 is attached to the flange portion 43. The bottom portion of the frame 5 is provided with an attachment hole at a position corresponding to the tap 45. Then, the magnetic circuit and the frame 5 are fixed with screws 6 having a diameter of 4 mm as shown in the figure. The frame 5 has an outer diameter of about 165 mm and a depth of about 20 mm and is commonly called 6.5 inches, and is made of a material of 0.1 mm. It is a press frame made of a 7 mmt aluminum plate and weighs about 40 g.

The voice coil 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is installed in the magnetic circuit configured as described above to form the speaker shown in FIG. The voice coil 1 is configured by winding a composite wire A on a bobbin material 11 made of a PPT A film having a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the composite wire A is a magnetic material on the entire surface of a copper wire C1 which is a conductive material C. It is formed by arranging Permalloy Fp. Specifically, the composite wire A is a copper wire C1 having a diameter of 0.21 mm, coated with permalloy Fp by plating with a thickness of 10 μ and coated with an insulating material, and has a winding width of about 6 mm. The bobbin 11 was wound around the lower end of the bobbin 11, and the DC resistance was 3.43Ω. Therefore, unlike the conventional loudspeaker shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the structure does not have the magnetic gap G because the yoke Y and the top plate TP are not used. However, the voice coil 1 itself has a magnetic transmission effect. Therefore, the magnetic flux can efficiently cross the voice coil wire as shown by the arrow in FIG.

The diaphragm 2 uses a pulp cone-shaped diaphragm having an outer diameter of about 134 mm (including edges), a neck diameter of 31 mm, and a depth of about 15 mm. The damper (suspension) 3 is a cotton cloth impregnated with phenol. Then, a general one was used in which corrugation was thermoformed. The diaphragm 2 and the damper 3 formed in this way are attached to the assembled magnetic circuit and frame 5 to complete a speaker. When the speaker shown in FIG. 8 was measured, the characteristics shown by the solid line in FIG. 20 were obtained.

In order to compare with the characteristics of the voice coil 1 made of the composite wire A, a voice coil made of a normal copper wire C1 (diameter 0.21 mm) without a magnetic material is applied to the speaker according to the above embodiment. When the characteristic was measured, it was a characteristic like the dotted line shown in FIG. In addition, the characteristics of the conventional loudspeaker shown in FIG. 22 having a general magnetic gap without using a repulsive magnetic field and incorporating the voice coil 1 made of copper wire were measured. It was a characteristic like. In this case, in order to match the conditions, the same vibration system as that of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is used, and the frame 5 has the same shape as that of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention. Employs a more commonly used 0.7 mmt press plate made of iron plate, and the magnetic circuit is also commonly used in the past Top plate TP (outer diameter 75 mm, inner diameter 32.25 mm, thickness 4.5 mm), The measurement was performed with a speaker of a magnetic circuit assembled with a ferrite magnet M (outer diameter 85 mm, inner diameter 45 mm, thickness 13 mm) and a yoke Y (pole diameter 29.95 mm, bottom outer diameter 75 mm 2, height about 20 mm).

As a result of a comparative examination, as is clear from the characteristics shown in FIG. 20, the speaker using the composite wire A of the present invention is far superior to the speaker incorporating the conventional voice coil wire in the repulsive magnetic field. It was found that an excellent sound pressure level was obtained. It was found that when compared with a speaker using a conventional ferrite-based magnet, there was a slight difference in sound pressure level, but there was no problem in practical use.

Further, when the weight of the speaker according to the present invention shown in FIG. 8 and the weight of the conventional speaker are compared, in the speaker of the above embodiment, the magnetic circuit part weight is about 83 g, and the speaker weight is 133 g. The total weight including the grill was about 218 g, whereas the conventional speaker had a magnetic circuit part weight of 603 g, the speaker alone weight was about 780 g, and the total weight including the grill was 865 g. That is, the loudspeaker according to the above-described embodiment can be significantly reduced in weight from the conventional loudspeaker by approximately 86% in the magnetic circuit portion, approximately 83% in the single weight of the loudspeaker, and approximately 75% in the total weight including the grill. Became.

10 to 15 show another example of the configuration of the voice coil 1 arranged in the repulsive magnetic field type magnetic circuit section configured as described above. By appropriately selecting the configuration of the composite wire A, FIG. Be implemented. FIG. 10 shows an example in which the magnetic material F is arranged on the entire surface of the rectangular wire C1 formed of the conductive material C, and FIG. 11 shows that the magnetic material F is arranged on one surface of the conductive material foil C3 and has a predetermined width. It has a bobbinless structure that is subjected to insulation after slitting. Further, the voice coil 1 can be configured by winding a plurality of types of composite wire materials A in which the material of the magnetic material F to be arranged is different according to the application of the speaker and changing the winding layer. Wound a composite wire A having iron Ff arranged around the copper wire C1 as the first and second layers, and a composite wire A having permalloy Fp arranged around the copper wire C1 as the third and fourth layers. The voice coil 1 is configured as follows. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the composite wire A is used for a part of the voice coil 1. The first layer and the second layer are wound with the normal copper wire C1, and the third layer and the fourth layer are wound with the composite wire A. This is an example in which the voice coil 1 is configured. FIG. 14 shows an example in which the voice coil 1 is wound by winding a plurality of different voice coil wire materials so that the material of the voice coil 1 is alternately different. The magnetic material F is a composite wire material A of iron Ff and a magnetic material. F is a permalloy Fp composite wire A is wound two at the same time, the composition is different alternately, Fig. 15 is a normal conductive material C conductive wire and two composite wire A are wound at the same time This is an example of a configuration in which the materials are different.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the speaker, in which the bottom of the magnetic circuit holder 4 in FIG. 2 is made shallow so that the voice coil has a bobbinless structure and the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil 1 has a diaphragm 2 and a damper. The end of the suspension 3 is directly attached. Therefore, not only the weight of the voice coil bobbin 11 in the conventional speaker and the speaker shown in FIG. 8 is reduced, but also the voice coil 1 is arranged at a position close to the outer peripheral portion of the center plate P, that is, the magnetic material. Since F is arranged at a position where stronger magnetism is obtained, the driving force of the voice coil 1 can be increased. To create a bobbin-less voice coil, first apply a thin tape to a tubular member made of aluminum or the like, and reactivate the thermosetting adhesive formed on the surface of the wire with a solvent. The voice coil wire rod thus wound is wound on the tape, and then the voice coil wire members are thermally cured and fixed to each other by thermally drying the tubular member, and then the voice coil is removed from the tubular member. It can be created by removing the tape on the inner circumference of the voice coil, which is a commonly used method. In the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 16, there is no problem even if the ends of the suspension such as the diaphragm 2 and the damper are arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the voice coil 1 as required. However, in the speaker having this structure, as is apparent from the figure, one magnet M1 of the magnetic circuit is in a state of protruding above the voice coil 1. If a normal dust cap 7 or chamber is attached in this state, the distance between the upper end of the outer peripheral portion M11 of the magnet M1 and the inner side surface of the dust cap 7 becomes short, and if the diaphragm vibrates significantly, the dust cap 7 Since the side surface and the upper end of the outer peripheral portion M11 of the magnet M1 come into contact with each other to generate an abnormal sound, the stroke of the diaphragm 2 may be limited.

In such a case, if the structure as shown in FIG. 17 is adopted, the problem can be solved and the performance can be further improved. In the figure, 8 is a wizard. In this case, the neck portion 21 of the diaphragm 2 and the inner diameter portion of the damper 3 are adhered to the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil, and the neck portion of the wizard 8 is attached above the neck portion 21 and to the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil. The structure is such that the dust cap 7 is provided near the top. Therefore, the distance between the upper surface of the magnet M1 and the inner side surface of the dust cap 7 becomes long, and even if the diaphragm 2 has a large amplitude, the upper end of the magnet M1 and the inner side surface of the dust cap 7 do not come into contact with each other. Absent.

In order to measure the characteristics of the speaker shown in FIG. 17, the speaker unit shown in FIG. 17 was prepared using the speaker frame 5 having an inner diameter of 30.4 mm and the diaphragm 2 having the same dimensions as the speaker shown in FIG. In this case, the wither 8 is made of pulp with an outer diameter of about 50 mm, a neck diameter of about 31.5 mm, and a depth of about 11 mm, and the dust cap 7 has an outer diameter of about 50 mm and a dome depth of about 7 mm. A cloth was used which was impregnated with phenol and thermoformed. When the characteristics of the speaker of this size were measured, the characteristics shown by the solid line in FIG. 21 were obtained. For comparison with this, a speaker similar to the conventional speaker shown in FIG. 23, that is, a speaker to which a wizard 8 is attached and which does not use a repulsive magnetic field was prepared. In this case, the dimensions are all the same as those of the speaker shown in FIG. 22 used for comparison with the speaker shown in FIG. 8, and the cone paper 2 and the damper 3 are the same as those of the conventional speaker shown in FIG. did. When the characteristics of the speaker having this structure were measured, the characteristics shown by the dotted line in FIG. 21 were obtained.

As is clear from the measurement results, the speaker according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 17 has a sound pressure level slightly different from that of the speaker using the conventional ferrite magnet, but has practically satisfactory characteristics. I was able to do it. Although the dust cap 7 is attached to the wither 8 in this embodiment, it is a matter of course that a chamber or the like may be attached instead of the dust cap 7.

Further, the weight of the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG. 17 and the weight of the speaker according to the conventional example of FIG. 23 are compared. The weight of the magnetic circuit portion of the speaker in this embodiment is about 83 g. The unit weight was about 133 g, and the total weight including the grill was 218 g. Therefore, in comparison with the conventional general speaker shown in FIG. 23, the magnetic circuit portion is about 86% of the conventional example (603 g), the speaker unit weight (780 g) is about 83%, and the total weight including the grill ( With 865 g), a significant weight reduction of about 75% was possible.

As yet another example, a loudspeaker having a structure shown in FIG. 18 was prototyped for the purpose of extremely reducing the weight. That is, the speaker frame 5 is made into an extremely thin cross-section and has a substantially “U” shape, and the end of the edge portion 22 arranged at the end of the diaphragm 2 is used as a frame without using the suspension 3 such as a damper. It is attached. In this speaker, the weight of the magnetic circuit portion was about 83 g, the weight of the speaker alone was about 125 g, and the total weight including the grils was 210 g.

In order to further reduce the weight of the speaker shown in FIG. 18, as shown in FIG. 19, the frame 5 is omitted, and the speaker grill 9 including the punching 91 and the grill frame 92 has a magnetic circuit section and a diaphragm. A speaker in which 2 and 2 were directly attached was created. To explain this structure, in the magnetic circuit holder 4 having the center guide portion 41 having the same shape as that shown in FIG. 2, the step portion 42 and the flange portion 43 are modified. In the holder 4, the step portion 42 has an outer diameter of 16 mm and an inner diameter of 13 mm. The step portion 42 is provided with a screw portion 44, and the flange portion 43 has an outer diameter of 22 mm 2 and a thickness of 2 mm. Further, the nut N for attaching the holder 4 to the speaker grill 9 is made of aluminum and has a bottom surface portion N1 and a convex portion N2 in a "convex" shape in cross section. Is provided with a screw portion N3 corresponding to the screw portion 44 of the holder 4, and the inner peripheral side of the convex portion N2 is subjected to lightening processing for further weight reduction. The outer diameter of the nut bottom surface portion N1 was set to 22 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness similarly to the flange portion 43.

Next, a method of attaching the magnetic circuit section to the speaker grill 9 will be described. Although the method of attaching the magnets M1 and M2 and the center plate P to the holder 4 is the same as the method shown in FIG. When mounting the magnetic circuit unit mounted on the holder 4 to the speaker grill 9, first, a mounting hole 93 having a diameter of 13 mm is provided in the center of the punching 91 of the speaker grill 9, and the nut N is projected into the mounting hole 93. Insert the portion N2, apply an adhesive to the flange portion 43 of the holder 4 and insert the screw portion 44 of the holder 4 into the screw portion 3 of the nut N, and rotate the holder 4 or the nut N to rotate the flange portion 4 3 and the punching 91 is sandwiched between the nut bottom surface portion N1 and attached. Although the voice coil 1 has a bobbinless structure similar to that described above, the diaphragm 2 has a pulp cone having an outer diameter of about 134 mm (including edges), a neck diameter of 31.5 mm, and a depth of about 12 mm. A diaphragm was used, and the neck portion 21 was attached to the voice coil outer peripheral portion 12 and the edge portion 22 was attached to the back surface side of the grille frame 92 in the opposite direction to the normal one, thereby forming a damperless structure. Further, the woven cloth S was attached to the back surfaces of the punching 91 and the grille frame 92 for dust prevention.

In the case of this embodiment, the weight of the magnetic circuit portion including the holder 4 is about 75 g, and the weight of the speaker alone is frameless. Therefore, the total weight including the speaker grill 9 is equal to the weight of the speaker alone. As a reference value for comparison, the weight of the vibration system and the magnetic circuit part was 83 g, and the total weight including the speaker grill 9 was about 168 g. Therefore, compared with the conventional general speaker shown in FIG. 22, the magnetic circuit section is about 88% more than the conventional one (603 g), the speaker weight (780 g) is about 89%, and the speaker grill 9 is used. The total weight including the product (865g) is about 81%, which is a significant reduction in weight.

In this embodiment, the holder 4 is directly attached to the punching 91 and the magnetic circuit is attached via the holder 4, but other configurations may be adopted depending on the design of the speaker grill 9. Although iron punching is used in the embodiment, it is needless to say that it may be made of non-magnetic metal such as aluminum or synthetic resin, and in this case, the weight can be further reduced.

[0041]

[Effect of the device]

 According to the speaker of the present invention, by using the composite wire material composed of the conductive material and the magnetic material for the voice coil, the necessary and sufficient sound pressure can be obtained without using the amorphous metal tape as in the past. Obtainable. Therefore, the voice coil creation work can be performed in the same manner as in the past, and the cost for coil winding does not increase. Further, in a composite wire rod in which a magnetic material such as iron is arranged on one surface of a conductive material such as copper foil, the efficiency can be further improved when the coil wire rod has a rectangular or nearly rectangular cross section. Further, since the arrangement of the magnetic material and the conductive material in the wire and the selection of the voice coil wire in the voice coil can be easily changed according to the purpose, a voice coil for effectively utilizing magnetism can be obtained relatively easily. be able to. Since the ratio of the magnetic material to the conductive material can be adjusted as appropriate in consideration of the conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion, even if a voice coil is formed by different types of voice coil wire materials such as a conventional speaker, The coil wire, the voice coil bobbin, and the voice coil wire will not be separated from each other.

In the speaker provided with the magnetic circuit unit for the repulsive magnetic field, by using the composite wire material for the wire material of the voice coil, the magnetic flux can efficiently cross the coil wire as shown by the arrow in FIG. That is, even if the magnetic gap is not formed, the voice coil itself forms a part of the magnetic circuit, so that the driving force of the voice coil can be increased much more than the conventional one.

Further, since a magnetic gap is not required, it is possible to dispose a diaphragm such as cone paper or a suspension such as a damper at the outer peripheral portion, or the upper end portion or the lower end portion of the voice coil, and the magnetic circuit is included. Since the overall height of the speaker can be reduced, it is possible to achieve both weight reduction and thickness reduction, and it is possible to obtain a form that is extremely suitable for the shape particularly required for an in-vehicle speaker.

When the voice coil has a bobbinless structure, not only the weight of the bobbin is reduced, but also the coil wire is arranged near the outer periphery of the center plate, so that the magnetic material is stronger. Since it is placed in a position where magnetism can be obtained, the driving force of the voice coil is further strengthened and the speaker becomes more efficient. In this case, a margin can be given to the amplitude of the diaphragm by attaching a wither to the diaphragm. In addition, since the wither is directly attached to the outer periphery of the voice coil and the wither is not driven via the voice coil bobbin like the conventional one, the propagation efficiency from the voice coil is greatly improved and the performance is improved. It is extremely effective for

By directly attaching the magnetic circuit unit and the diaphragm to the speaker grill, the weight can be further reduced, and the total weight including the speaker grill can be reduced by 81% or more. In addition, since the mount depth is virtually zero, it can be greatly improved compared to the past, and it is a particularly preferable form for in-vehicle speakers and the like. Further, the punching of the speaker grill is made of a non-magnetic material metal such as aluminum or a synthetic resin, so that the magnetic distribution generated from the magnetic circuit becomes uniform and the performance can be improved. Moreover, in the case of non-magnetic metal such as aluminum, there are effects such as weight reduction and heat dissipation, and it is possible to further improve the performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the speaker.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the speaker.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a speaker using a voice coil formed of different kinds of composite wire rods.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a speaker using a voice coil formed of different kinds of composite wire rods.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of a speaker using a voice coil formed of different kinds of composite wire rods.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker in which coil wires made of different materials are wound so that the materials are alternately different.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a speaker using a repulsive magnetic field and a partially enlarged sectional view of a voice coil according to the present invention.

9 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic circuit component of the embodiment in FIG. 8 in section.

10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing another configuration example of the voice coil in the speaker of FIG.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing still another configuration example of the voice coil in the speaker of FIG.

12 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a composite wire material of different materials is wound in different winding layers as a voice coil in the speaker of FIG.

13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a composite wire is used for a part of the voice coil as the voice coil in the speaker of FIG.

14 is a voice il for the speaker of FIG.
The expanded sectional view of the principal part which shows the example which wound the voice coil wire material from which a different material was changed so that a material may differ.

15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing another configuration example of the voice coil of FIG.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a speaker according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker to which a wizard is attached.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker which is further reduced in weight.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker having a frameless structure.

20 is a frequency characteristic diagram comparing the frequency characteristics of the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 and the conventional speaker.

21 is a frequency characteristic diagram comparing the frequency characteristics of the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG. 17 and the conventional speaker.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing a conventional speaker.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the conventional speaker.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional speaker in which a magnetic material rectangular wire is arranged outside a bobbin.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional speaker using a voice coil wire in which a magnetic material powder is mixed in a conductive material.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a conventional repulsive magnetic field type speaker.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view showing another configuration of a conventional repulsive magnetic field type speaker.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 voice coil 11 voice coil bobbin 12 voice coil outer peripheral portion 13 relay plate 2 diaphragm 21 neck portion 22 edge portion 3 suspension 4 holder 41 holder guide 42 step portion 43 flange portion 44 convex portion 45 tap portion 5 speaker frame 6 screw 7 dust cap 8 Wither 9 Speaker grill 91 Punching 92 Grill frame part A Composite wire material C Conductive material C1 Conductive material wire F Magnetic material Ff Iron Fp Permalloy M1 magnet (top) M11 magnet (top) outer circumference part M12 magnet (top) inner circumference part M2 magnet (Bottom) M21 magnet (bottom) outer circumference M22 magnet (bottom) inner circumference P Center plate P1 Center plate outer circumference P2 Center plate inner circumference

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Creator Kaoru Yamazaki 1-2-5 Kenbu, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo

Claims (10)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. In a speaker, a voice coil (1)
All or part of is composed of a composite wire (A) composed of a conductive wire formed of a conductive material (C) and a magnetic material (F) arranged on at least a part of the surface of the conductive wire.
Alternatively, it is characterized by being composed of a composite wire (A) composed of a magnetic wire formed of the magnetic material (F) and a conductive material (C) arranged on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire. Speaker. 2. A speaker, wherein a plurality of voice coil wire rods made of different materials are wound at the same time so that the voice coil wire rods are made of different materials alternately. 3. In a loudspeaker, magnets (M1, M2) magnetized in the thickness direction are arranged so that the same poles face each other, and a center plate made of a magnetic material is provided on the facing surfaces of both magnets (M1, M2). (P) is arranged so as to sandwich it, and a magnetic circuit part is constructed by the repulsive magnetic field of both magnets (M1, M2), and the voice coil (1 3. The speaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the voice coil is used to drive the diaphragm. 4. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein the voice coil (1) has a bobbinless structure. 5. The vibrating plate (2) such as cone paper or the suspension (3) such as a damper is arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the voice coil (1). The speaker described. 6. An outer peripheral portion (12) of a voice coil (1)
The speaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a diaphragm (2) such as cone paper or a suspension (3) such as a damper is disposed in the. 7. A wither (8) is attached to a voice coil outer peripheral portion (12) at a position 20 above a neck portion (21) of a diaphragm (2) such as cone paper. The speaker according to claim 1 or 2. 8. A magnetic circuit section comprising both magnets (M1, M2), a center plate (P), and a voice coil (1) and a diaphragm (2) for punching a speaker grill or a speaker grill. 9. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein the speaker is directly attached to 9) and has a frameless structure. 9. The diameter dimension of the center plate (P) is
The speaker according to claim 3, wherein the magnets (M1, M2) are formed to have a diameter larger than that of the magnets (M1, M2). 10. The speaker according to claim 7, wherein a chamber, a dust cap (7), or the like is attached to the vicinity of the top or the slope of the wizard (8).