JP2592066Y2 - Speaker - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loudspeaker, and more particularly to a repulsive magnetic circuit type loudspeaker which is efficient and can be reduced in weight.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, a conventional general speaker uses a magnetic circuit composed of a yoke Y, a single magnet M and a top plate TP. The structure was such that the voice coil 1 was arranged. In the figure, 11 is a voice coil bobbin, 2 is a diaphragm, 3 is a damper, 5 is a frame, and 7 is a dust cap. FIG. 23 shows an example in which a wither (medium and high frequency diaphragm) is attached above the neck portion 21 of the cone diaphragm 2.

[0003] Voice coil wires made of a conductive material C such as copper wire have been used for voice coils of these conventional general loudspeakers. However, the purpose is to improve the voice coil wire material to increase the magnetic efficiency. Various speakers have been proposed. For example, in a speaker proposed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 60-155296, a flat rectangular wire made of a magnetic material F is connected to a voice coil bobbin 11 as shown in FIG.
Non-magnetic material (conductive material)
It has a configuration in which a nonmagnetic round wire made of C is wound. According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux from the magnet M is easily transmitted by the magnetic material F, and apparently the magnetic gap is narrowed by the width of the magnetic material F, so that the speaker efficiency can be improved. Also,
No. 28920, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the voice coil wire is formed by mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the conductive material C.

On the other hand, a repulsion magnetic circuit type speaker in which a magnet magnetized in the thickness direction is arranged so that the same poles face each other, and a voice coil is arranged and driven in a repulsion magnetic field generated by both magnets. Various speakers have been proposed for the purpose of reducing the thickness and weight, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Sho 59-148500 and
No. 400 is disclosed. Looking at this in relation to the repulsive magnetic field and the voice coil, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent No. 48500 discloses the configuration shown in FIG. 25, and JP-A-1-98400 discloses the configuration shown in FIG. In the figure, M1 and M2 are magnets, P is a center plate disposed on the facing surface of both magnets, 1 is a voice coil, and 11 is a coil bobbin.

[0005]

In the voice coil of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 24, a magnetic wire made of a magnetic material F itself and a conductive wire made of a conductive material C are wound in different layers. Since the conductive material C has an overwhelmingly higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the magnetic material F, the entire bonding portion between the magnetic wire and the conductive wire and the joined portion at the end of the magnetic wire and the conductive wire are extremely peeled off. It had the disadvantage of becoming easier. In particular, when a signal is input to a speaker of a voice coil made of only normal conductive material C, it is well known that the temperature of the voice coil becomes 200 to 300 ° C., and magnetic material F is compared with conductive material C. Therefore, when the signal is input to the magnetic wire, high-temperature heat is generated, and the above-mentioned problem of peeling due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion has become remarkable. Although the conductive material C has a higher heat radiation effect than the magnetic material F, even if a conductive wire having a high heat radiation effect is arranged on the surface side of the voice coil as shown in FIG. Is much higher than that of the normal voice coil, and it is difficult to utilize the heat radiation effect of the conductive wire. In addition, it is difficult to improve the sound quality of the speaker due to the overwhelming difference in the electrical conductivity between the magnetic material F and the conductive material C. It is conceivable to adjust the diameter and the like to make the same conductivity.However, in this case, since the thicknesses of both wires are remarkably different, there is a drawback that the two wires are more easily peeled off. It was extremely difficult to implement.

The greatest difficulty of the structure shown in FIG. 25 is that since the magnetic material F is mixed into the conductive material C, the resistance increases and heat is remarkably generated. Further, in the case of the voice coil wire of this type, it was extremely difficult to prepare the voice coil wire. In other words, a very thin wire having a diameter of 0.3 mm or less is usually used as a voice coil wire. As a general method of forming the wire, a relatively thick wire is first formed, and then the thick wire is elongated. It is formed. However, in the case of a voice coil wire as shown in FIG. 25, when a thick wire is stretched,
The magnetic material powder may be caught on the edge of the wire discharge hole of the enlarger, and the voice coil wire may be disconnected. The method of mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the conductive material C includes mixing the powder of the magnetic material F into the dissolved conductive material C and stirring the mixture, and the method of mixing the powder of the conductive material C and the powder of the magnetic material F. It can be considered to form a mixture by mixing and stirring, and then compressing, but in any case, since the specific gravity of the conductive material C and the magnetic F is different, the accuracy is such that it can be uniformly stirred and used as a voice coil wire. Was extremely difficult to maintain. In addition, when the stirring operation is performed, a large amount of oxygen comes into contact with the oxygen, and an oxide is formed, so that it was not possible to maintain sufficient quality for use as a voice coil wire. It should be noted that this problem can be solved if the stirring operation is performed in argon, vacuum, or the like, but problems such as an increase in equipment cost and a significant increase in cost arise. Therefore, the mass productivity is poor, it is difficult to maintain high quality, and the cost is extremely high. Therefore, it is actually very difficult to implement the speaker shown in FIG.

In the coil shown in FIG. 26, since the coil wire uses the voice coil 1 made of only a general conductive material C such as a copper wire, the magnetism necessary for driving the voice coil 1 is efficiently used. It was difficult to transmit well. In other words, the magnetic flux width obtained by the repulsive magnetic field structure is extremely narrow, and an outer plate OP or the like having a predetermined thickness made of a magnetic material F is arranged on the outer peripheral portion P1 of the center plate P, and is disposed outwardly of the center plate outer peripheral portion P1. Unless magnetism is induced, a desired magnetic flux width cannot be obtained, and the flow of magnetism guided to the center plate outer peripheral portion P1 is also reduced to the magnet M1 immediately from the plate outer peripheral portion P1 except for a part as shown by a broken line. , M2 toward the S pole side of the outer peripheral end. Therefore, the magnetism hardly flows in a direction necessary for driving the voice coil 1, that is, in a direction crossing the voice coil 1, so that the efficiency is deteriorated. As a matter of fact, practical application was difficult.

On the other hand, in the tape shown in FIG. 27, a tape made of a soft magnetic material having extremely high magnetic permeability, for example, an amorphous metal tape Fa
And the like, the magnetic flow has a shape that easily crosses the coil wire as shown by the broken line. However, the amorphous metal tape Fa is the outermost peripheral portion 1 of the voice coil 1.
2, that is, it is located at a position farthest from the outer peripheral portion P1 of the center plate P where the most magnetism is emitted. As is well known, since the magnetism becomes weaker as the distance increases, in the structure shown in FIG. 27, an amorphous metal having a very high magnetic permeability is used in order to efficiently converge the weakened magnetism. 1 requires an amorphous metal tape Fa in addition to a normal coil wire, which has the disadvantage of increasing the number of parts of the voice coil 1. At present, the amorphous metal tape Fa is made of conventional iron, permalloy or the like. Compared with the soft magnetic material, it is not common, and has a disadvantage that it is difficult to obtain and the cost is high.

Furthermore, in general, the amorphous metal tape Fa has a high elasticity and is hard to bend, so that it is difficult to curl and it is difficult to maintain the shape of the voice coil 1 along the outer peripheral portion. Therefore, even when the amorphous metal tape Fa is adhered to the coil wire outer peripheral portion 12 with an adhesive or the like, the adhered state must be maintained until the adhesive develops strength, which increases the man-hour and complexity of the attaching operation. And the end of the amorphous metal tape Fa is easily lifted even after bonding of the amorphous metal tape Fa. If the reinforcing tape is reinforced with a fixing band or an adhesive to prevent the lifting, the weight of the voice coil 1 is reduced. There is a disadvantage that the efficiency becomes worse due to the weight. 26, the outer dimension P1 of the center plate P is
Since the diameter smaller than the outer diameter of 1, M2 is used, the amount of magnetic flux generated on the outer peripheral portion of the center plate P is small, and there is a disadvantage that the efficiency is poor.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional loudspeaker , especially the repulsion magnetic circuit type loudspeaker ,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a speaker that can significantly improve efficiency, and can achieve high performance and light weight.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided a loudspeaker comprising a magnet magnetized in a thickness direction.
And the magnets
The center plate made of magnetic material on the opposite surface of the
The magnets due to the repulsive magnetic fields of both magnets.
The air circuit is configured and positioned so as to be located within the repulsive magnetic field.
All or part of the center plate is made of conductive material.
At least one of the formed conductive wire and the surface of the conductive wire.
It is composed of a composite wire consisting of a magnetic material
The voice coil and drive the diaphragm with the voice coil.
It is configured to move.

In this case, the magnetic wire formed of a magnetic material
And a conductive material disposed on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire
The voice coil is composed of a composite wire consisting of
Place the voice coil outside the center plate
The voice coil may drive the diaphragm.
No. The diameter of the center plate is formed larger than the diameter of both magnets . Also, with the magnetic circuit part
Connect the outer edge of the diaphragm to the speaker grill or speaker.
Frame-less installation by directly attaching to the punching of the grill
Can be achieved.

[0013]

In the repulsion magnetic circuit type speaker, all or a part of the voice coil is composed of a composite wire composed of a conductive wire formed of a conductive material and a magnetic material disposed on at least a part of the surface of the conductive wire. Alternatively, since the magnetic wire is composed of a composite wire composed of a magnetic wire formed of a magnetic material and a conductive material disposed on at least a part of the surface of the magnetic wire, the magnetic flux from the magnet passes through the magnetic material well. As a result, not only can the efficiency of the speaker be improved, but also the weight of the voice coil itself can be reduced.

Also, a voice coil of a repulsion magnetic circuit type speaker is provided.
By using the voice coil of the above configuration as an il , a magnetic material is arranged on the outer periphery of the center plate, magnetism is guided further outward from the outer periphery of the center plate, and a magnetic flux crossing the coil wire is easily obtained. Become.
Therefore, since it is possible to obtain a sound pressure level that is practically acceptable without forming a magnetic gap as in the related art, it is possible to further reduce the weight and thickness,
Further, in the conventional device shown in FIG. 26, it is not only possible to improve the sound pressure level which is difficult to be put to practical use because the sound pressure in the middle and low ranges cannot be obtained. As a result, characteristics that are generally improved from the high frequency range to the high frequency range are obtained.

Also, compared to the conventional structure shown in FIG. 27, the position of the magnetic material is arranged very close to the magnetic flux, so that there is an advantage that the efficiency is improved, and the weight of the voice coil is reduced. In the above-described magnetic circuit using the repulsive magnetic field, the center plate sandwiched between the two magnets is set at 1 m from the diameter of the magnet.
By increasing the length by m, the magnetic flux can be more effectively obtained outside the outer periphery of the center plate than when the outer dimensions of the center plate are smaller than the outer dimensions of the magnet.

Further, the magnetic circuit portion and the diaphragm edge portion are
In the case of frameless construction by directly attaching to the speaker grill or the punching of the speaker grill,
It is possible to further reduce the weight.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the speaker according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 21. FIGS.
To explain the configuration of the voice coil used for the
The magnetic circuit part is a conventional general external magnet type magnetic circuit.
Indicated by The common portions as those of the conventional one described with reference to FIGS. 22 to 27 is omitted the detailed description are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, A is a composite wire formed by disposing a magnetic material F on the surface of a conductive wire formed of a conductive material C. Note that, for simplicity of explanation, the outermost insulating layer of the voice coil wire is omitted. In FIG. 1, the composite wire A is wound around a voice coil bobbin 11 to form a voice coil 1, and FIG.
3 is disposed in the magnetic gap G of the conventional speaker shown in FIG. Therefore, the magnetic flux from the magnet M is concentrated and easily transmitted by the magnetic material F of the composite wire A, so that the efficiency of the speaker is improved. Further, in the embodiment of the voice coil 1 shown in FIG. 1, the conductive material C is disposed at the center, and the magnetic material F is disposed on the surface of the conductive material C to form the composite wire A. It is a matter of course that the amounts of the materials F can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the difference between the conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material F. Since the composite wire A has a higher conductivity and a better heat radiation effect than the magnetic wire composed of only the magnetic material F, the composite wire A itself does not generate much heat. Therefore, the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the conductive material C and the magnetic material F does not need to be considered so important, and a stable state is maintained. If the configuration is such that sufficient conductivity can be ensured only by the conductive wire disposed at the center, even if the conductive wire expands and the magnetic material F breaks, there is no difference in the characteristics and sound quality of the speaker. There is no problem, and in this case, since the magnetic material F does not fall off from the conductive wire, there is no problem with the effect of concentrating the magnetic flux from the magnet M. Further, it is possible to form the composite wire A by disposing the conductive material C on the surface of the magnetic wire formed of the magnetic material F. In this case, the efficiency of the speaker can be improved in the same manner as described above. . In particular, in terms of the coefficient of thermal expansion, there is no particular problem because the conductive material C having a high coefficient of thermal expansion and heat radiation is disposed on the surface side.

Next, as a method for manufacturing the composite wire A, a magnetic material F dissolved in an appropriate thickness is appropriately disposed on the entire surface of the thick rod-shaped conductive material C to form a thick rod-shaped composite wire. A method of stretching and forming a rod-shaped composite wire, a method of cladding a magnetic material F on a conductive material C, a method of applying a magnetic material F on the surface of the conductive material C, and a method of depositing the magnetic material F on the surface of the conductive material C Etc. can be appropriately adopted. In particular, in the method of forming a thick rod-shaped composite wire by stretching, the performance can be further improved because the magnetic material F can be formed thick.

The composite wire A used for the voice coil 1 is a rectangular wire C1 formed of a conductive material C as shown in FIG.
The magnetic material F may be disposed on the entire surface of the conductive material foil C3 as shown in FIG. 3, or the magnetic material F may be disposed on one surface of the conductive material foil C3, slit to a predetermined width, and then subjected to insulation treatment.
In this case, the conductive material C may be not only copper but also aluminum or the like, and the method of arranging the magnetic material F on the conductive material C can be appropriately selected as described above.

The voice coil 1 can be formed by winding a plurality of types of composite wires A having different materials of the magnetic material F to be arranged in different winding layers according to the use of the speaker. For example, in FIG. 4, the first layer and the second layer are formed by winding a composite wire A in which iron Ff is arranged around a copper wire C1, and
The layer and the fourth layer are examples in which the voice coil 1 is configured by winding a composite wire A in which permalloy Fp is arranged around a copper wire C1. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the composite wire A is used as a part of the voice coil 1. The first layer and the second layer are wound with a normal copper wire C1,
The third and fourth layers show the configuration in which the composite wire A is wound to form the voice coil 1. Also in this case, it is needless to say that the amounts of the conductive material C and the magnetic material F can be appropriately changed in consideration of the conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion. As described above, since the composite wire A has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the wire having only the magnetic material F, the copper wire C1 and the composite wire A are wound in different layers as shown in FIG. Also in the configuration, the wires do not peel off due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which a plurality of voice coil wires made of different materials are wound so that the materials of the voice coil 1 are alternately different. In this configuration example, two composite wires A in which the magnetic material F is iron Ff and two composite wires A in which the magnetic material F is Permalloy Fp are simultaneously wound, and the materials are alternately changed. FIG. 7 shows an example in which two conductive wires made of a normal conductive material C and two composite wires A are simultaneously wound, and the materials are alternately changed. In this case, since it is possible to appropriately select and combine voice coil wires, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the speaker as described above while taking into account the characteristics of the speaker to be created.
The weight can be reduced. In such a configuration,
Even if the ratio between the magnetic material F and the conductive material C in the composite wire A is not appropriately changed depending on the speaker to be implemented,
By selecting a wire to be combined, a voice coil suitable for the speaker can be created, so that the existing composite wire A can be reused.

8 to 21 show a repulsion magnetic circuit according to the present invention.
1 shows an embodiment of a type speaker. The magnets M1 and M2 used in this embodiment are neodymium magnets magnetized in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, a ring-shaped magnet having an outer diameter of 29 mm, an inner diameter of 12 mm, and a thickness of 6 mm is used. Used. 8 and 9, reference numeral 4 denotes a holder, which is used to support the magnets M1 and M2 and the center plate P sandwiched between the magnets M1 and M2. The holder 4 is made of aluminum, and has a cylindrical center guide 41 which is provided at the center of the bottom and extends upward from the bottom. The magnets M1 and M2 are provided at the lower end of the center guide 41. A step 42 having a function of positioning the center plate P in the height direction is provided.

After applying an acrylic adhesive to the step portion 42, the magnet M 2 is inserted into the center guide portion 41 of the holder 4 with the magnet M 2 facing upward with the N pole facing upward. I do. The outer shape of the center guide portion 41 is processed to 11.95 mm, and can be easily inserted. After applying an adhesive to the upper surface of the inserted magnet M2, the outer diameter is 29.95 mm and the inner diameter is 1
Insert a ring-shaped center plate P having a thickness of 1.95 mm and a thickness of 4 mm. The center plate P is made of iron with an inner diameter and a ridge of the inner diameter subjected to a chamfering process of C0.4. The inner diameter portion P2 is pressed into the center guide portion 41, and the lower surface of the center plate P is fixed to the magnet M2.
To the position where it comes into close contact with the N pole side. Further, an adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the center plate P, and the magnet M
The magnet inner diameter portion M12 is inserted into the center guide portion 41 with the N pole of 1 facing downward, and pushed down to a position where the magnet inner diameter portion M12 comes into close contact with the upper surface of the center plate P. Therefore, the magnets M1 and M2 whose north poles face each other are connected to the center plate P
, The center plate outer peripheral portion P1 is approximately 0.5 times larger than the outer peripheral portions M11 and M21 of the magnets M1 and M2.
mm.

To mount the magnetic circuit on the frame 5, the holder 4 is fixed to the frame 5. A flange 43 having a width of about 2 mm and a thickness of 2.5 mm is provided on the outside of the holder 4, and the flange 43 is provided. On the outside of 43, a tongue-shaped convex portion 44 is projected at four places by 90 ° distribution,
A tap 45 having a diameter of 4 mm is formed in the vicinity of the center of the projection 44. After applying a rubber-based adhesive to the flange 43, the bottom of the frame 5 is attached to the flange 43. At the bottom of the frame 5, a mounting hole is provided at a position corresponding to the tap 45, As shown in the figure, the magnetic circuit and the frame 5 are fixed with screws 4 having a diameter of 4 mm. The frame 5 has an outer diameter of about 165 mm and a depth of about 20
mm, a press frame made of an aluminum plate having a thickness of 0.7 mmt and weighing about 40 g.

The repulsive magnetic field type constructed as described above
The speaker shown in FIG. 8 is configured by installing the voice coil 1 described in FIG. 1 in the magnetic circuit . The voice coil 1 is formed by winding a composite wire A around a bobbin material 11 made of a PPTA film having a thickness of 0.05 mm.
The permalloy Fp as a magnetic material is arranged on the entire surface of the copper wire C1. Specifically, the composite wire A is
10 μm of permalloy Fp is applied to a copper wire C1 having a diameter of 0.21 mm.
A wire rod coated with a plating and coated with an insulating material is used. The winding width is set to about 6 mm, and the coil is wound around the lower end of the bobbin 11, and the DC resistance is 3.4.
3Ω. Therefore, unlike the conventional loudspeaker shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the yoke Y and the top plate TP are not used, so that the structure has no magnetic gap G. Therefore, the magnetic flux can efficiently cross the voice coil wire as shown by the arrow in FIG.

The diaphragm 2 is a pulp cone-shaped diaphragm having an outer diameter of about 134 mm (including an edge), a neck diameter of 31 mm, and a depth of about 15 mm. The damper (suspension) 3 impregnates cotton cloth or the like with phenol. Then, a general one obtained by thermoforming corrugation or the like was used. The diaphragm 2 and the damper 3 thus formed are attached to the assembly of the magnetic circuit and the frame 5 to complete a speaker. When the speaker shown in FIG. 8 was measured, the characteristics shown by the solid line in FIG. 20 were obtained.

In order to compare the characteristics of the voice coil 1 with the composite wire A, an ordinary copper wire C having no magnetic material is used.
When the characteristics of a voice coil having a diameter of 1 (diameter: 0.21 mm) were applied to the speaker according to the above example and the characteristics were measured, the characteristics were as shown by the dotted line in FIG. The characteristics of a conventional speaker having a general magnetic gap without using a repulsive magnetic field and incorporating a voice coil 1 made of copper wire, as shown in FIG. 22, were measured.
The characteristics were like the one-dot chain line shown in FIG. In this case, in order to match the conditions, the vibration system used is exactly the same as that of the above-described embodiment of the present invention, and the frame 5 has the same shape as that of the above-described embodiment of the present invention. The press plate made of a 0.7 mmt iron plate, which is commonly used, employs a top plate TP (outer diameter 75 mm, inner diameter 32.25 mm, thickness 4.5 mm), and ferrite, which are also commonly used in the magnetic circuit. Magnet M (outer 85m
m, inner diameter 45 mm, thickness 13 mm) and yoke Y (pole diameter 29.95 mm, bottom outer diameter 75 mm, height about 20)
mm) with a magnetic circuit speaker assembled.

As a result of a comparative study, it is clear from the characteristics shown in FIG. 20 that the loudspeaker of the present invention using the composite wire A is far superior to the loudspeaker incorporating the conventional voice coil wire in the repulsive magnetic field. It was found that a sound pressure level was obtained. When compared with a speaker using a conventional ferrite-based magnet, it was found that although there was a slight difference in sound pressure level, characteristics that would be acceptable for practical use were obtained.

FIG. 8 shows a comparison between the weight of the speaker according to the present invention and the weight of the conventional speaker.
3 g, the weight of the speaker alone is 133 g, and the total weight including the grill is about 218 g, whereas in the conventional speaker described above, the weight of the magnetic circuit portion is 603 g, the weight of the speaker alone is about 780 g, and the total weight including the grill Is 865
g. That is, the loudspeaker according to the embodiment can be significantly reduced in weight by about 86% in the magnetic circuit unit, about 83% in the unit weight of the loudspeaker, and about 75% in the total weight including the grill, compared to the conventional loudspeaker. became.

FIGS. 10 to 15 show other examples of the configuration of the voice coil 1 arranged in the repulsive magnetic field type magnetic circuit configured as described above. The configuration is implemented by appropriately selecting the configuration of the composite wire A. . FIG. 10 shows an example in which a magnetic material F is arranged on the entire surface of a flat wire C1 formed of a conductive material C.
Numeral 1 denotes a bobbin-less structure in which a magnetic material F is disposed on one surface of a conductive material foil C3, slit into a predetermined width, and then subjected to insulation treatment. In addition, depending on the use of the speaker, the voice coil 1 can be configured by winding a plurality of types of composite wires A in which the materials of the magnetic material F to be arranged are different from each other while changing the winding layer. A composite wire A in which iron Ff is arranged around the copper wire C1 as the first and second layers, and a composite wire A in which permalloy Fp is arranged around the copper wire C1 as the third and fourth layers are wound. This is an example in which the voice coil 1 is configured. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the composite wire A is used as a part of the voice coil 1. The first layer and the second layer are wound with a normal copper wire C1, and the third and fourth layers are wound with the composite wire A. This is an example in which the voice coil 1 is configured. FIG. 14 shows an example in which a plurality of voice coil wires made of different materials are wound so that the materials of the voice coil 1 are alternately different. A composite wire A in which the magnetic material F is iron Ff and a magnetic wire F are used. An example of a structure in which two composite wires A in which F is Permalloy Fp are simultaneously wound and alternately made of different materials, and FIG. Are different from each other.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the speaker .
9, the bottom of the magnetic circuit holder 4 is made shallow, the voice coil has a bobbinless structure, and the diaphragm 2 and the suspension 3 serving as a damper are provided on the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil 1.
Are directly attached. Therefore, not only the weight of the voice coil bobbin 11 in the conventional speaker and the speaker shown in FIG. 8 is reduced, but also the voice coil 1 is arranged at a position close to the outer peripheral portion of the center plate P. Since the voice coil 1 is arranged at a position where stronger magnetism can be obtained, the driving force of the voice coil 1 can be increased. To create a bobbin-less voice coil, first, a thin tape is attached to a cylindrical member made of aluminum or the like, and the thermosetting adhesive formed on the surface of the wire is reactivated with a solvent or the like. The voice coil wire is wound on the tape, and then the tubular member is thermally dried to heat-harden the voice coil wires to each other, and then the voice coil is removed from the tubular member to remove the voice coil. The tape can be formed by a generally used means of removing the tape on the inner peripheral portion. In the case of the configuration as shown in FIG. 16, there is no problem if the ends of the suspension such as the diaphragm 2 and the damper are arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the voice coil 1 as required. However, in the loudspeaker having this structure, one magnet M1 of the magnetic circuit projects above the voice coil 1 as is apparent from the drawing. When a normal dust cap 7 or a chamber is attached in this state, the distance between the upper end of the outer peripheral portion M11 of the magnet M1 and the inner surface of the dust cap 7 becomes shorter. And magnet M1
The upper end portion of the outer peripheral portion M11 contacts the upper end portion and abnormal noise is generated, so that the stroke of the diaphragm 2 may be limited.

In such a case, a structure as shown in FIG. 17 can solve the problem and improve the performance. In the figure, reference numeral 8 denotes a wither.
In this case, the neck portion 21 of the diaphragm 2 and the inner diameter portion of the damper 3 are bonded to the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil, and the neck portion 2
1. A neck portion of the wither 8 is attached to the upper portion and the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil, and a dust cap 7 is provided near the top of the wither 8. Accordingly, the distance between the upper surface of the magnet M1 and the inner surface of the dust cap 7 becomes longer,
Even if the diaphragm 2 has a large amplitude, the upper end of the magnet M1 does not contact the inner surface of the dust cap 7.

In order to measure the characteristics of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 17, the inner diameter of the loudspeaker shown in FIG.
17 using a 4 mm speaker frame 5 and diaphragm 2
Speaker unit was created. In this case, Wither 8
Has an outer diameter of about 50mm, a neck diameter of about 31.5mm, and a depth of about 1.
Use pulp made of 1 mm and dust cap 7
The outer diameter was about 50 mm, the dome depth was about 7 mm, and woven fabric was impregnated with phenol and was thermoformed.
When the characteristics of the speaker having this size were measured, the characteristics indicated by the solid line in FIG. 21 were obtained. For comparison, a speaker similar to the conventional speaker shown in FIG. 23, that is, a speaker to which the wither 8 is attached and which does not use a repulsive magnetic field was prepared. In this case, the dimensions are shown in FIG. 22 used for comparison with the speaker of FIG.
And the same conditions as those of the conventional speaker shown in FIG. 22 were used for the cone paper 2 and the damper 3. When the characteristics of the speaker having this structure were measured, the characteristics indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 21 were obtained.

As is clear from the measurement results, FIG.
The loudspeaker according to the seventh embodiment has a practically acceptable characteristic although there is a slight difference in sound pressure level from the loudspeaker using the conventional ferrite magnet.
Although the dust cap 7 is attached to the wither 8 in this embodiment, a chamber or the like may be attached instead of the dust cap 7.

Further, the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG.
The weight of the speaker according to the conventional example shown in FIG. 23 is compared.
The weight of the speaker alone was about 133 g, and the total weight including the grill was 218 g. Therefore, as compared with the conventional general speaker shown in FIG. 23, the magnetic circuit section is about 86% more than the conventional example (603 g), the speaker unit weight (780 g) is about 83%, and the total weight including the grill ( 865 g), it was possible to reduce the weight significantly by about 75%.

As still another embodiment, a speaker having the structure shown in FIG. 18 was prototyped for the purpose of reducing the weight as much as possible. That is, the speaker frame 5 is made extremely thin and has a substantially “tilted U” shape in cross section, and the end of the edge portion 22 arranged at the end of the diaphragm 2 is attached to the frame without using the suspension 3 such as a damper. It is a thing. In this speaker, the weight of the magnetic circuit portion was about 83 g, the single weight of the speaker was about 125 g, and the total weight including the grill was 210 g.

As shown in FIG. 19, in order to further reduce the weight of the speaker of FIG. 18, the frame 5 is omitted, and a speaker grill 9 comprising a punching 91 and a grill frame 92 is provided.
Then, a speaker in which the magnetic circuit portion and the diaphragm 2 were directly attached was prepared. This structure will be described below. In the magnetic circuit holder 4 having the center guide portion 41 having the same shape as that shown in FIG. 2 described above, the step portion 42 and the flange portion 43 are modified. In No. 4, the step portion 42 had an outer diameter of 16 mm and an inner diameter of 13 mm, a screw portion 44 was provided on the inner diameter of the step portion 42, and the flange portion 43 had an outer shape of 22 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. A nut N for attaching the holder 4 to the speaker grill 9 is made of aluminum, and has a “convex” cross section by a bottom surface portion N1 and a convex portion N2. Provided a screw portion N3 corresponding to the screw portion 44 of the holder 4, and lightened the inner peripheral side of the convex portion N2 for further weight reduction. The outer diameter of the nut bottom surface portion N1 was 22 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness, similarly to the flange portion 43.

Next, a repulsive magnetic field type magnetic circuit portion having the above-described structure.
A description will be given of a mounting method of mounting the magnets to the speaker grill 9 by describing the magnets M1 and M2 and the center plate P.
1 is attached to the holder 4 in the same manner as the method shown in FIG. 1, but when the magnetic circuit unit attached to the holder 4 is attached to the speaker grill 9,
13 mm diameter mounting hole 93 in the center of punching 91
Is provided, and the convex portion N2 of the nut N is inserted into the mounting hole 93,
An adhesive is applied to the flange portion 43 of the holder 4 and the screw portion 44 of the holder 4 is inserted into the screw portion 3 of the nut N, and the holder 4 or the nut N is rotated to punch the flange portion 43 and the nut bottom portion N1. 91 is sandwiched and attached. The voice coil 1 has a bobbin-less structure similar to that described above, but the diaphragm 2 has an outer diameter of about 13 mm.
Using a cone-shaped diaphragm made of pulp having a diameter of 4 mm (including an edge), a neck diameter of 31.5 mm and a depth of about 12 mm, the neck portion 21 is formed on the outer peripheral portion 12 of the voice coil, and the edge portion 22 is formed on the grill frame 92. A damper-less structure was obtained by mounting in the opposite direction to the normal on the back side. Also,
A woven fabric S was attached to the back of the punching 91 and the grill frame 92 for dust prevention.

In the case of this embodiment, the weight of the magnetic circuit portion including the holder 4 is about 75 g, and the total weight including the speaker grille 9 is the single weight of the speaker, since the single weight of the speaker is frameless. As a reference value for comparison, the weight of the vibration system and the magnetic circuit was 83 g, and the total weight including the speaker grill 9 was about 168 g.
Therefore, as compared with the conventional general loudspeaker shown in FIG.
8%, unit weight (780g) of speaker is about 89%,
The total weight (865 g) including the speaker grill 9 is about 8
Significant weight reduction of 1% became possible.

In this embodiment, punching 91
Although the holder 4 was directly attached to the magnetic circuit via the holder 4, other configurations may be used depending on the design of the speaker grill 9. In the above-described embodiment, iron punching was used. Of course, it may be made of non-magnetic metal, synthetic resin, or the like, and in this case, the weight can be further reduced.

[0041]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the speaker of the present invention, repulsive magnetism
By using a composite wire made of a conductive material and a magnetic material for a voice coil in an air circuit type speaker, it is possible to use an amorphous metal tape without using a conventional method.
The necessary and sufficient sound pressure can be obtained. Therefore, the voice coil can be created as before.
There is no increase in cost due to coil winding. Also,
In a composite wire in which a magnetic material such as iron is disposed on one surface of a conductive material such as a copper foil, the efficiency can be further improved when the cross section of the coil wire is rectangular or substantially rectangular. Furthermore, since the arrangement of the magnetic material and the conductive material in the wire and the selection of the voice coil wire in the voice coil can be easily changed according to the purpose, a voice coil for effectively utilizing magnetism can be obtained relatively easily. be able to. Since the ratio between the magnetic material and the conductive material can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the conductivity, the coefficient of thermal expansion, and the like, even if the voice coil is formed of a different type of voice coil wire as in a conventional speaker, the voice coil can be formed. The wire, the voice coil bobbin, and the voice coil wire are not separated from each other.

Center play of a repulsion magnetic circuit type speaker
Voice coil composed of a composite wire as above
The magnetic flux can efficiently cross the coil wire as shown by the arrow in FIG. In other words, the driving force of the voice coil can be much stronger than the conventional one because the voice coil itself forms a part of the magnetic circuit without forming the magnetic gap.

Further, since a magnetic gap is not required, a diaphragm such as cone paper or a suspension such as a damper can be disposed on the outer peripheral portion, or on the upper and lower ends of the voice coil, and a speaker including a magnetic circuit can be provided. Since the overall height of the loudspeaker can be reduced, the weight and the thickness can be reduced at the same time. In particular, it is possible to obtain a form that is extremely suitable for a shape required for an in-vehicle speaker or the like.

By directly attaching the magnetic circuit portion and the diaphragm edge to the speaker grill, the weight can be further reduced, and the total weight including the speaker grill is 81%.
% Or more. Also, since the mount depth is virtually zero, it can be greatly improved compared to the past,
In particular, this is an extremely preferable form for a vehicle-mounted speaker or the like. Further, by shaping the punching of the speaker grill with a nonmagnetic metal such as aluminum or a synthetic resin, the magnetic distribution generated from the magnetic circuit becomes uniform, and the performance can be improved. In addition, in the case of non-magnetic metal such as aluminum, there are effects such as weight reduction and heat dissipation, and further improvement in performance can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a voice coil used for a speaker according to the present invention.
Sectional view showing a Le.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the voice coil .

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the voice coil .

[4] cross-sectional view showing a voice coil formed by different types of composite wire.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of a voice coil formed of different types of composite wires.

FIG. 6 shows a voice coil formed of different types of composite wires.
Sectional drawing which shows another Example of an il .

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a voice coil in which coil wires made of different materials are wound so that the materials are alternately different.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the speaker according to the present invention and a partially enlarged sectional view of a voice coil.

9 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic circuit component of the embodiment shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing another configuration example of the voice coil in the speaker of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a main part showing still another configuration example of the voice coil in the speaker of FIG. 8;

12 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a composite wire made of a different material is wound with a different winding layer as a voice coil in the speaker of FIG. 8;

13 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing an example in which a composite wire is used as a part of a voice coil as a voice coil in the speaker of FIG. 8;

FIG. 14 shows a voice il in the speaker of FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example in which voice coil wires of different materials are wound alternately with different materials.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing another configuration example of the voice coil of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the speaker according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker to which a wizard is attached.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a loudspeaker which is further reduced in weight.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker having a frameless structure.

20 is a frequency characteristic diagram comparing frequency characteristics of the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 and a conventional speaker.

21 is a frequency characteristic diagram comparing the frequency characteristics of the speaker according to the embodiment of FIG. 17 and a conventional speaker.

FIG. 22 is a sectional view showing a conventional speaker.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing another configuration of a conventional speaker.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional speaker in which a magnetic material rectangular wire is arranged outside a bobbin.

FIG. 25 is a sectional view of a conventional speaker using a voice coil wire in which a magnetic material powder is mixed into a conductive material.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a conventional repulsive magnetic field type speaker.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view showing another configuration of a conventional repulsive magnetic field type speaker.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Voice coil 11 Voice coil bobbin 12 Voice coil outer peripheral part 13 Relay plate 2 Diaphragm 21 Neck part 22 Edge part 3 Suspension 4 Holder 41 Holder guide 42 Step part 43 Flange part 44 Convex part 45 Tap part 5 Speaker frame 6 Screw 7 Dust cap 8 Wither 9 Speaker grill 91 Punching 92 Grill frame A Composite wire C Conductive material C1 Conductive material wire F Magnetic material Ff Iron Fp Permalloy M1 Magnet (upper) M11 Magnet (upper) outer periphery M12 Magnet (upper) inner periphery M2 magnet (Lower) M21 magnet (lower) outer circumference M22 magnet (lower) inner circumference P center plate P1 center plate outer circumference P2 center plate inner circumference

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-59-148500 (JP, A) JP-A-57-168599 (JP, A) JP-A-64-89893 (JP, A) 147429 (JP, U) Shokai Sho 55-79188 (JP, U) JP-B Sho 45-7590 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) H04R 9/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A speaker which is magnetized in a thickness direction.
Magnets (M1, M2) so that the same poles face each other
Place and on the opposite surface of both magnets (M1, M2)
Clamp the center plate (P) made of magnetic material
Magnetic field of both magnets (M1, M2)
A magnetic circuit portion is configured and located in the repulsive magnetic field.
All or one outside the center plate (P)
Wire made of conductive material (C) and conductive wire
From the magnetic material (F) disposed on at least a part of the material surface
Coil composed of composite wire (A)
Place (1) and drive the diaphragm with the voice coil
A speaker characterized in that it is configured as follows. 2. A speaker which is magnetized in a thickness direction.
Magnets (M1, M2) so that the same poles face each other
Place and on the opposite surface of both magnets (M1, M2)
Clamp the center plate (P) made of magnetic material
Magnetic field of both magnets (M1, M2)
A magnetic circuit portion is configured and located in the repulsive magnetic field.
Magnetic material outside the center plate (P)
(F) and a small amount of the magnetic wire surface
Composite consisting of conductive material (C) arranged at least partially
Voice coil (1) composed of wire (A) is arranged
And the voice coil drives the diaphragm.
A speaker characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. The diameter of the center plate (P) is:
3. The magnet according to claim 1, wherein said magnets are formed to be larger than the diameters of said magnets .
Pika. 4. The magnetic circuit portion and the outer edge of the diaphragm (2).
(22) is a speaker grill or a speaker grill
Frameless, directly attached to the mounting
The method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein
Speaker.