JPH0589398A - Output device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an output device where an optimum display form is decided in accordance with a present state obtained from an object. CONSTITUTION:Sensors S1-SN detect road face temp., speed against ground or the pulse of a driver, margin time needed for a human being to judge the respective objects in accordance with respective detection outputs is fuzzily inferred (5) by following a rule membership function and the number of messages to be outputted is outputted. The state vectors of the respective objects 1-3 are simultaneously inferred (10) in accordance with the detection outputs of the sensors S1-SN by following the rule membership function and a matrix, row and column calculation (12) is executed so as to decide the priority of information to be displayed. The decided number of messages are outputted from a message memory in priority order so as to be displayed (14).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an output device, for example, an optimum display unit, that is, a message is output to a driver based on information such as road conditions, ground speed, and driver's pulse. The present invention relates to an output device for displaying a message in accordance with various kinds of information, in addition to outputting an optimal message to the ground base side based on information such as road congestion and vehicle speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, with the increase of automobiles,
Traffic information display devices are installed on highways and general roads to notify the driver of the congestion status of the road. An example of such a traffic information display device is proposed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 58-35318.

[0003]

The traffic information display device described above merely displays the road condition and does not display a message to each driver according to the importance of each information. From the viewpoint of traffic safety, it is desirable to urgently instruct the driver to slow down, for example, when the road surface is easily slipped, the distance between vehicles is short, and the ground speed is high. However, even if the road surface is likely to slip, if the ground speed is low, it is sufficient to simply give an instruction to pay attention to the slip. In some cases, it may be necessary to give an instruction within a short period of time depending on the information obtained from the determination target, or not. When various failures occur not only in automobiles but also in nuclear power plants, there are those that need to be urgently handled and those that do not.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object thereof is to provide an output device capable of determining an optimum display form in accordance with information obtained from a target. It is in.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the output device according to the present invention, the sensor means for outputting the current state of the information obtained from the object, and the sensor means obtained from the sensor means are provided. Priority order determining means for determining a priority order for each display unit from the current state, and margin time calculating means for calculating a margin time required for a person to make a determination in accordance with each information obtained from the sensor means, And display form determining means for determining a display unit to be displayed according to the priority determined by the priority determining means, and determining a display form according to the display unit and the margin time calculated by the margin time calculating means. Equipped with.

[0006]

The output device according to the present invention determines the priority order for each display unit from the current state obtained from the object by the sensor means, and calculates and determines the margin time necessary for human judgment. By determining the display unit to be displayed according to the priority order and determining the display form according to the display unit and the calculated margin time, the optimum display form according to the information obtained from the target is determined. You can decide.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of an output device according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, the object of the determination is the road surface condition of the road when driving the vehicle, the distance between the front and rear vehicles, and the like.
Thus, the ground speed of the vehicle, the steering angle, etc. are set as the internal target 2 and the driver's pulse, blood pressure, alcohol concentration, etc. are set as the internal target 3. These objects 1 to 3 are sensors S1,
, Si, ..., SN. These detection outputs are given to the sensor interface 4. The sensor interface 4 detects the sensors S1,
, Si, ..., SN and their respective differential outputs are given to the fuzzy inference circuits 5 and 10. That is, the sensor S1,
, Si, ..., SN and the sensor interface 4 constitute a sensor means. Then, the sensor means obtains the current state of the road surface condition, the ground speed, and the pulse rate of the driver, etc., obtained from each of the objects 1 to 3, such as slippery, fast speed, fast pulse rate, etc. It is designed to output.

The fuzzy inference circuit 5 performs a fuzzy inference for the judgment time based on the rule membership function 6 and gives the output message number determination circuit 7 an upper limit of the time allowed for a human judgment. That is, the fuzzy inference circuit 5 and the rule membership function 6 constitute a margin time calculating means. The output message number determination circuit 7 determines the number m of messages that can be output according to the upper limit of the inferred determination time and gives it to the extraction circuit 8. Then, the message is appropriately selected from among those stored in advance in the message memory 9 connected to the extraction circuit 8. As the contents of this message, as shown in FIG. 4, a display unit such as "Be careful of oncoming vehicles" and "Slip danger" is stored in advance for each unit. This makes it possible to extract a predetermined number of arbitrary display units by designating an address.

The fuzzy inference circuit 10 performs fuzzy inference based on the rule membership function 11 from the current state, which is a physical observation quantity given from the sensor interface 4. Then, the state vectors P1, P2, ... PM which are the sensory evaluation values obtained as a result of the inference are given to the matrix operation circuit 12. The state vector includes, for example, the degree of rough driving inferred from the vehicle acceleration and the steering angle, and the degree of slip risk inferred from the steering angle and the road surface temperature.

The matrix operation circuit 12 performs matrix operation on the M-row, 1-column state vector based on the R-row, M-column matrix 13 to determine the priority of R messages to be displayed and weight them. Then, the weighted priority information W1, W2, ..., WR is given to the extraction circuit 8. Then, specifically, the priority information W1 is obtained from the linear form shown in the following equation.

W1 = P1 Z11 + P2 Z12 + ... + Pm Z1m Other priority information W2, W3, ..., WR are obtained in the same manner, and the matrix 13 shows the linear relationship between the elements of the vector P and the vector W. It is a matrix of parameters consisting of Z for defining.

The priority information W1, W2, ...,
WR corresponds to each message stored in the message memory 9, and, for example, the priority information W1 represents the priority of the message "Attention to oncoming vehicles" stored in the first message memory, The priority information W2 is the "slip danger" stored in the second message memory.
Represents the priority of the message. And these fuzzy inference circuit 10 and rule membership function 1
1, the matrix operation circuit 12 and the matrix 13,
Priority determining means is configured.

First, the extraction circuit 8 uses the priority information W1, W2, ..., WR given from the matrix calculation circuit 12,
The display unit to be displayed, that is, the message to be displayed is determined. Then, the determination method is to have high priority information. Further, in the present example, based on the number m of messages given from the output message number determination circuit 7, m messages are extracted from the ones with high priority information and the display form is determined and given to the display unit 14. Display these. That is, the extraction circuit 8 constitutes the display form determining means. As the display form, for example, the items having higher priority information are rearranged and displayed, or as shown in JP-B-58-35318, characters are displayed according to the number of items of the message to be displayed. There are those that adjust the size and set either continuous display or forward display. Further, as another display form, there is a display form in which only the figure or a combination of the figure and the character is displayed in order to attract the driver's attention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the membership function on the input side, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the membership function on the output side.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As an example, the sensor S1
, ..., Si, ..., SN, the sensor S1 detects the road surface temperature, the sensor S2 detects the distance between the front and rear passengers,
The sensor S3 detects the ground speed, the sensor S4 detects the steering angle of the steering wheel, and the sensor S5 detects the pulse of the driver. Then, the detection outputs of the sensors S1 to S5 are given to the fuzzy inference circuit 5 via the sensor interface 4. The fuzzy inference circuit 5 uses the rule membership function 6 as shown in FIG. 2 to detect the sensors S1 to S5.
Fuzzy inference is performed from the output of. 2 shows the case where the sensor output is large, M shows the middle,
S indicates a small case.

For example, if the ground speed is fast, the steering angle is large, and the distance between the front and rear vehicles is short, there is a high possibility that the vehicle will bump into the vehicle as it is, and the driver should take the next action such as braking. The judgment time T0, which is a margin time required for judgment and execution, is very short (V
S: Very Small). This is expressed in fuzzy rules as follows.

[0017]

[Equation 1] IF S3 = B & S4 = B & S2 = S
Then T0 = VS Further, although the ground speed is fast and the steering angle is large, if the distance between the front and rear vehicles is long, the determination time is short (S: Smal
l), which is expressed in fuzzy rules as follows.

[0018]

[Equation 2] IF S3 = B & S4 = B & S2 = B
Then T0 = S Also, if the ground speed is medium, the steering angle is medium, and the distance between the front and rear vehicles is medium, the judgment time becomes medium (M: Medium). It can be expressed as follows.

[0019]

[Equation 3] IF S3 = M & S4 = M & S2 = M
Then T0 = M Also, if the ground speed is medium, the steering angle is small, and the distance between the front and rear vehicles is short, the judgment time is slightly long (M
B: Medium Big), which is expressed by the fuzzy rules as follows.

[0020]

[Equation 4] IF S3 = M & S4 = S & S2 = S
Then T0 = MB If the road surface temperature is low, the steering angle is large, and the pulse is large, the judgment time T0 becomes short. This can be expressed by the fuzzy rule as follows.

[0021]

[Equation 5] IF S1 = S & S4 = B & S5 = B
Then T0 = S On the other hand, the fuzzy inference apparatus 10 calculates a state vector according to the sensor output output from the sensor interface 4. That is, for example, if the ground speed is high, the steering angle is large, the road surface temperature is low, and the inter-vehicle distance is short, the possibility of rough driving (P1) is very large (V
B), and expressing this by fuzzy rules is as follows.

[0022]

[Equation 6] IF S3 = B & S4 = B & [(S1
= S) + (S2 = S)] Then P1 = B When the ground speed is fast and the steering angle is medium, the possibility of rough driving is medium, and this is expressed by the fuzzy rule as follows. Like

[0023]

## EQU00007 ## IF S3 = B & S4 = M Then P
1 = M If the ground speed is slow, the steering angle is large, the road surface temperature is low, and the distance between vehicles is short, the possibility of rough driving is small, and this is expressed in fuzzy rules as follows.

[0024]

[Equation 8] IF S3 = S & S4 = B & [(S1
= S) + (S2 = S)] Then P1 = S On the other hand, when the steering angle is large and the road surface temperature is low,
The risk of slippage (P2) is assumed to be large, and this is expressed in fuzzy rules as follows.

[0025]

[Equation 9] IF S4 = B & S1 = S Then P
2 = B When the steering angle is small and the road surface temperature is high, it is assumed that the risk of slip is very small. This is expressed by the fuzzy rule as follows.

[0026]

[Equation 10] IF S4 = S & S1 = B Then
P2 = VS Furthermore, if the steering angle is large, the inter-vehicle distance is short, and the pulse is small, it is assumed that there is a high possibility of dozing driving (P3), and this is expressed by the fuzzy rule as follows.

[0027]

[Equation 11] IF S4 = B & S2 = S & S5 =
S Then P3 = B When the steering angle is large and the pulse is small, it is assumed that the possibility of drowsy driving is relatively large, and this is expressed by the fuzzy rule as follows.

[0028]

[Equation 12] IF S4 = B & S5 = S Then
P3 = MB When the steering angle is medium, the inter-vehicle distance is short, and the pulse is medium, it is assumed that the possibility of drowsy driving is relatively large, and the fuzzy rule is as follows.

[0029]

[Expression 13] IF S4 = M & S2 = S & S5 =
M Then P3 = MB As described above, the state vector of M rows and 1 column is calculated from the fuzzy inference circuit 10 and given to the matrix operation circuit 12. The matrix operation circuit 12 performs a matrix operation on the given M-row 1-column state vector and the R-row M-column matrix 13 to determine the priority of R messages to be displayed,
The extraction circuit 8 extracts the priority information W1, W2, ...
Give to. Then, the extraction circuit 8 extracts the top m pieces of information of the priority order from the message memory 9 and gives them to the display section 14 to display them. The display on the display unit 14 may be a graphic, or a message may be notified by voice.

5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the output device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, different from the above-described embodiment, various controls are performed without performing fuzzy inference, and the specific configuration is as follows.
This example is an example applied to an output device for displaying the operation status of various work machines on an instrument panel. That is,
For example, when the work is lifted by using a crane which is a power vehicle and the work is moved to a predetermined position by turning the beam, the operating state of the crane, the balance of the vehicle, and the like are displayed on the display unit 19. In order to perform the display, the load (S1), the tilt angle (S2) of the trolley, the load of the work ( S3) and the current state of the angle (S4) of the beam that suspends the work are detected.

Among the detected current states, the sensor S1
Is applied to the barycentric XY coordinate calculation unit, and the sensors S2, S3
Is output to the center of gravity Z coordinate calculation unit. Thus, the center of gravity of the crane on the horizontal plane (XY) and the vertical direction (Z) can be obtained. Then, the obtained center-of-gravity position is given to the stability evaluation unit as it is or via the speed calculation unit. The speed calculation unit is configured to perform a first-order differentiation to obtain the amount of change in each value. Then, the stability of the crane is obtained from the respective gravity center position data and the differential data thereof. This stability calculation method is a region segmentation method in which input multivariables are placed in region segments and output values are assigned to each region.
That is, the operation is performed while referring to the table created and stored in advance. In this example, the stability is evaluated in a plurality of stages, and the lower the stability is, the higher the possibility that the crane will fall is, and the balance needs to be rebalanced urgently. That is, the margin time for human judgment is shortened. Then, the above-mentioned coordinate calculation section, speed calculation section, and stability evaluation section constitute a margin time calculation means 15.

The obtained stability is given to the display information amount determining section, and the number of messages / items to be displayed is determined. That is, the lower the stability, the smaller the number of messages displayed. Then, the calculation result is given to the display pattern selection unit 18.

The outputs of the above-mentioned sensors S1 and S4 are given to the speed calculating section and the display item priority determining section which constitute the priority determining means 16, respectively, and the speed calculating section performs the primary differentiation in the same manner as described above. After the calculation, the calculation result is given to the display item priority order determination unit.
The display item priority order determination unit is configured to obtain the priority information for each message (display unit) stored in the display pattern memory 17 by the area division method, similarly to the stability evaluation unit. Then, the calculation result is given to the display pattern selection unit 18.

In the display pattern selection unit 18, similarly to the extraction circuit 8 in the first embodiment described above, the display unit for the number of outputs determined by the display information amount determination unit is determined from the highest priority, It is given to the display unit 19. The display unit 19 is capable of displaying both figures and characters at the same time, and the fixed data (title, frame, etc.) stored in the display pattern memory 17 and the variable data X sent from each sensor. , S are combined and displayed. As an example, when the stability is low and the margin time is short, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), only the balance state of the crane is shown graphically, and in which direction the center of gravity shifts, the fall may occur. It makes it possible to make an urgent decision on whether or not to prevent it. Further, when the stability is high and the margin time is relatively long, as shown in FIG. 7B, in addition to the graphic display showing the balance state, the current sensors detected by the sensors S1 to S4 are detected. It displays information and the operating status of various crane devices such as water temperature and hydraulic pressure detected by other sensors.

The fixed data stored in the display pattern memory 17 means "water temperature", "hydraulic pressure", "work load" in the figure, and "basic graphic part (in this example, vector Portion other than the arrow shown) "and the like.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment according to the present invention. That is, both of the above-described two embodiments show the device for outputting various messages to the worker side such as the driver based on the information obtained from various objects. It shows an example of an output device for outputting the optimum display unit / item suitable for the situation to the ground base side based on information such as the degree of congestion and vehicle speed. More specifically, depending on the congestion situation of the highway,
It outputs a display unit for determining whether or not to close the entrance of the expressway. The schematic configuration of the apparatus necessary for carrying out this example is equivalent to that of the first embodiment as shown in the figure, but the specific functions of each apparatus are different as follows.

That is, in this example, the sensors S1, ..., S
i, ..., SN, the traffic volume at each point on the highway,
The amount of increase in the traffic volume and the average speed of the vehicle at that point are detected. However, when the average speed is obtained, the speed of a vehicle that is performing a runaway operation such as moving at an extremely high speed is excluded.

Then, each information such as the above traffic volume is given to the fuzzy inference circuit 5 through the sensor interface 4 together with the detected point data. The input membership function at this time is as shown in FIG. 8, and the output membership function is as shown in FIG. There is. Then, in the fuzzy inference circuit 5, based on the given preconditions, the rule membership function 6 shown in FIG.
According to the above, fuzzy inference is performed to obtain the number of display items to be displayed, and the obtained number of display items is given to the extraction circuit 8. Here, an example of the rule is as follows.

When the speed is a little low (30 km / hour) MS, the traffic volume is a little high (240 vehicles / 5 minutes) ML, and the increase rate is medium (60 vehicles / (5 minutes) ² ) M, There is no need to urgently close the entrance, there is a possibility of congestion in the relatively near future, so the number of displayed items is medium (15 items)
Let M.

The speed is low (15 km / hour) S, the traffic volume is large (310 cars / 5 minutes) L, and the rate of increase is slightly high (80
Vehicle / (5 minutes) ² ) In case of ML, it can be judged that the traffic is congested, so it is necessary to urgently close the prescribed entrance and make a judgment to reduce the number of vehicles existing on the expressway, and execute it. Therefore, the number of displayed items is small (5 items) S so that the user can make an urgent decision.

If the speed is fast (60 km / hour) L, the traffic volume is small (40 cars / 5 minutes) S, and the rate of increase is small (20 cars / (5 minutes) ² ) S, there is currently congestion. Since there is no urgency, it is necessary to monitor the traffic situation over a wide area and to determine the area where there is a possibility of congestion in the future. Therefore, the number of display items is large (25 items). ..

On the other hand, the sensors S1, ..., Si ,.
The current state of each piece of information detected by N is also given to the fuzzy inference circuit 10. Then, similar to the first embodiment, fuzzy inference and matrix calculation are performed to obtain the priority information W1, W2, ..., WR of each detection area, which is given to the extraction circuit 8. Since this priority information is almost proportional to the degree of traffic congestion, it is almost equal to the rule membership for determining the number of display items described above, but the terrain such as poor linearity of the road and poor road surface condition. Due to various causes, there are places where congestion is likely to occur even when the traffic volume is relatively small, and conversely there are areas where congestion is difficult even if the traffic volume and its increase amount are large. It is different in that it is done. Further, since such a situation varies depending on the season and the time zone, it is preferable to change the membership value appropriately.

Then, the extraction circuit 8 extracts a predetermined number of the high priority information and sends them to the display unit 14. An example of the display form on the display unit 14 is shown in FIG. 11, so that the speed of the vehicle in the detection area and the upstream entrance (entry name) of the congestion point can be displayed. Is becoming It should be noted that FIG. 7A shows a case where urgency is required, and FIG. 8B shows a case where urgency is relatively within.

As a concrete process for determining the number of display items, a process having a large degree of congestion, for example, several points having a slow speed are picked up and displayed by performing fuzzy inference based on the present state. The actual number of display items is determined by obtaining the number of items and averaging them.

In each of the above-described embodiments, an example of an apparatus for obtaining and displaying both the number to be displayed and the priority order has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any one of them can be used. It may be one. That is, for example, a fuzzy inference circuit 10 and a rule membership function 1
1, only the display number may be determined from various information without providing the matrix operation circuit 12 and the matrix 13. In that case, for example, the priority stored in the message stored in the message memory 9 is determined in advance. On the contrary, the priority order may be determined from various information without providing the fuzzy inference circuit 5, the rule membership function 6, and the output message number determination circuit 7. In this case, the number of messages to be displayed is decided.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, but may be applied to various things such as a nuclear power plant or the like, which displays necessary control targets of various control states. it can.

[0047]

As described above, in the display device according to the present invention, the current state of the information obtained from the object by the sensor means is output, and the priority order is determined for each message based on the current state. At the same time, the margin time required for human judgment is calculated, the display unit to be displayed is determined according to the determined priority order, and the display form is determined according to the display unit and the margin time. Therefore, the optimum display form can be determined.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a first embodiment of an output device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a membership function on the input side.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a membership function on the output side.

4 is a diagram showing an example of a storage state in the message memory shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing a second embodiment of the output device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the display form.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing a third embodiment of the output device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the input membership function.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the output membership function.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a fuzzy rule.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the display form.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Sensor Interface 5,10 Fuzzy Inference Circuit 6,11 Rule Membership Function 7 Output Message Number Determination Circuit 8 Extraction Circuit 9 Message Memory 12 Matrix Operation Circuit 13 Matrix 14 Display Section

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A sensor means for outputting a current state of information obtained from an object, a priority order determining means for determining a priority order for each display unit from the current state obtained by the sensor means, and the sensor means. A margin time calculating means for calculating a margin time necessary for a human to judge from the obtained current state,
And display form determining means for determining a display unit to be displayed according to the priority determined by the priority determining means, and determining a display form according to the display unit and the margin time calculated by the margin time calculating means. An output device equipped with. 2. The output device according to claim 1, wherein the margin time calculating means infers the margin time by fuzzy inference according to a rule membership function. 3. A sensor means for outputting a current state of information obtained from an object, a margin time calculation for calculating a margin time required for a human to judge from the current state obtained from the sensor means by fuzzy inference. Means, a message number calculation means for calculating the number of messages that can be output according to the margin time calculated by the margin time calculation means, and a number calculated by the message number calculation means for storing a plurality of messages in advance An output device comprising message output means for outputting the message. 4. A sensor means for outputting a current state of information obtained from an object, a priority order determining means for determining a priority order for each display unit by fuzzy inference from the current state obtained by the sensor means, and An output device comprising means for determining a display unit to be displayed according to the priority order determined by the priority order determining means. 5. A sensor means for outputting a current state of information obtained from an object, an urgent degree is obtained from the present state obtained from the sensor means by fuzzy inference, and the higher the urgency, the more the number of display items. An output device comprising: a display item number calculating means for determining so as to reduce the number of display items; and an output means for outputting the display unit of the number calculated by the display item number calculating means.