JPH0585233U - Artificial ground for roof garden - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] The artificial ground for rooftop gardens has been made lighter in weight to prevent soil runoff, ensure good drainage over a long period of time, and prevent the effects of the temperature below. I will provide a. [Composition] On the roof of the building, on the roof slab 1,
A bag 23 made up of synthetic resin foam particles 21 is arranged in a layer in a bag made of a water-permeable sheet, and a water-permeable sheet 12 such as a nonwoven fabric is laid on the bag-stuffed body 23. A layer 13 is provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an artificial ground for a rooftop garden that utilizes the rooftop of a building.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 In recent years, with the overcrowding of cities and rising land prices, the land use of buildings has reached the limit and greenery is being lost. Against the background of such urban environmental problems and amenity, rooftop gardens where plants such as trees are planted on the rooftop are attracting attention and are becoming necessary.

An artificial ground for a rooftop garden needs to have both water retention and drainage factors for growing plants. For example, poor drainage, such as during rainfall, causes water to accumulate and become rooted. On the other hand, if the drainage is too good, direct sunlight is strong, especially on the rooftop, and since there is no green zone in the vicinity, the soil tends to dry and the plants will die.

Therefore, generally, the lower layer is laid with gravel or the like as a drainage layer, and the soil layer is provided on the gravel.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, since gravel and soil are quite heavy, they have a large effect on the strength of the structure of the building, and it is necessary to make the structure of the structure strong enough to withstand it, which leads to a significant increase in construction costs. ..

[0006] Further, since the soil layer is directly provided on the drainage layer of gravel, soil with a thin soil layer easily flows out in the event of rainfall, and this soil enters the gravel of the drainage layer. Not only that, but drainage gutters and drains may be clogged, and drainage may be impaired. Furthermore, even if the roots of plants such as trees invade the gravel layer at the bottom, the drainage performance of that part is reduced.

[0007] Furthermore, plants feel seasonal changes as roots, but gravel and soil layers can hardly be expected to be heat insulating, so in winter they are affected by heat such as heating under the rooftop floor and germinate and flower from winter to spring. There is also a disadvantage that the feeling of the season is lost because of the speeding up.

[0008] In view of the above, the present invention can reduce the weight of the entire artificial ground as an artificial ground for a roof garden, and does not affect the strength of the structure of the skeleton. The aim is to provide an artificial ground that has a structure that can ensure good drainage over a long period of time, and that can also prevent the effects of temperature downstairs, and that can easily construct and implement roof gardens.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In the rooftop garden artificial ground of the present invention which solves the above-mentioned problems, on the rooftop of a building, on a rooftop slab, a bag made of a water-permeable sheet is filled with a synthetic resin foamed granule, and a packed foamed granule is obtained. Are arranged in layers, and a water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric is laid on the layer, and a soil layer is provided on the water-permeable sheet.

[0010]

[Action]

 In the artificial ground of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, as a lower drainage layer, a bag-filled body in which foam bags of synthetic resin are filled in a bag made of a water-permeable sheet is arranged in layers. Therefore, it is much lighter than gravel and the like, and there is no risk of foam particles scattering, it is easy to handle, construction work is easy to perform, and the weight of the entire artificial ground can be reduced.

Then, when water is sprinkled or rained, the upper soil layer absorbs and retains water appropriately, and at the same time, excess water permeates a fibrous water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric to form the foamed particles. It flows into the lower drainage layer due to the bag packing. The water flowing into this drainage layer is discharged along the surface of the bag-filled body or through the voids between the foam particles inside the bag-filled body without accumulating.

In particular, the bag-filled body of foamed particles is not in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped but has a rounded surface as a whole, and an inclined concave portion is formed between the adjacent bag-filled bodies. Therefore, the area of the upper surface of the drainage layer in contact with the upper soil layer by this bagging body is larger than that in the flat state, and the drainage area is increased accordingly, and water easily flows into the recessed portion, Good drainage. In the case of heavy rainfall, rainwater flows along the surface of the bag, so it can be used for rapid drainage.

Moreover, since a water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric is laid between the drainage layer composed of the foamed particles and the upper soil layer, the soil in the upper soil layer is rainwater or the like. With this water-permeable sheet, it is possible to prevent the water from flowing out, and there is no risk that the drainage layer, drainage groove or drainage port due to the foamed-bag packing body will be clogged with the outflowing soil. It can also prevent roots of plants such as trees from entering the lower drainage layer.

Further, the drainage layer formed by the foamed particles in the lower portion has good heat insulation due to the heat insulation of the foamed particles themselves and the retention of voids, and the heat of the downstairs is not transmitted to the upper soil layer even in winter.

[0015]

【Example】

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an artificial ground for a roof garden according to the present invention.

In the figure, (1) is a rooftop slab, and this rooftop slab (1) is on a frame (1 ′) made of concrete or the like, a leveling mortar layer (2) and a leveling mortar layer (2). It consists of a moisture barrier layer (3) installed on the. The moisture-proof layer (3) is made of a water-impermeable synthetic resin film such as polyethylene film, asphalt roofing, asphalt felt, or other sheet material having moisture-proof property. The leveling mortar layer (2) and moisture barrier layer (3) are usually installed continuously from the floor to the rising wall (4) such as a parapet as shown in the figure.

Reference numeral (5) is a holding mortar layer arranged on the moisture-proof layer (3), whereby a floor surface is formed on the rooftop slab (1). (6) indicates a drainage port.

(10) is an artificial ground formed on the floor surface of the rooftop slab (1) that has been treated with the moisture barrier layer (3) as described above. It has a water-permeable sheet (12) such as the above non-woven fabric and a soil layer (13) on the water-permeable sheet (12).

The lower drainage layer (11) is a bag (22) made of a water-permeable sheet woven or knitted with tape-shaped strips of synthetic resin and filled with synthetic resin foam particles (21). 23) are laid side by side in a layered manner on the presser mortar layer (5). Depending on the thickness of the drainage layer (11), the bag-filled body (23) may be used in a plurality of layers.

As described above, by packing the foamed granules (21) into a bag, there is no fear that the lightweight foamed granules (21) are scattered, the handling is easy, and the forming work is easy. Moreover, this bag-filled body (23) is not a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the surface is rounded as a whole. Therefore, a concave portion (25) formed by the inclined bag surface is formed between the adjacent bag-filled bodies (23, 23). Therefore, the area of the upper surface of the drainage layer (11) in contact with the soil layer (13) by the bagging body (23) is larger than that in the case of a flat state, and the drainage area is larger by that much, and the water is packed in the bagging body (13). It is easy to flow into the concave part (25) along the surface of (23) (Fig. 2), and good drainage is secured.

As the foam particles (21) to be filled in the bag-filled body (23), a foam of a relatively hard synthetic resin such as a polystyrene resin foam is used, which is a closed-cell foam having almost no water absorption. Foam granules are preferably used. As the foamed granules (21), substantially square or substantially spherical granules having a particle diameter of 10 to 50 mm, preferably 20 mm or more are suitably used. When the bag-filled body (23) is made up of a plurality of layers, it is preferable that the lower side has a larger particle size.

As the expanded beads (21), so-called crushed particles obtained by crushing a synthetic resin foam molded product can be used, and the foamed molded product can be reused. In this case, if fine powder or granules are also mixed in the crushed granules, the drainage property will deteriorate.

In any case, the foam particles (21) of the synthetic resin are usually about 15 to ³⁰ kg per 1 m ³ though they are different depending on the expansion ratio and the like, and are extremely lightweight. It is possible to reduce the weight of the artificial ground as a whole by filling it with water and using it for the drainage layer (11).

The fibrous water-permeable sheet (12) is a non-woven fabric composed of a large number of fine fibers such as synthetic fibers that are entangled and bound at their contacting parts, and have water permeability and soil A non-woven fabric having a density that can prevent outflow is preferably used. From the viewpoint of durability, synthetic fiber non-woven fabric is preferable.

The water-permeable sheet (12) can prevent the soil from flowing out into the soil layer (13), especially from flowing into the drainage layer (11) at the lower part, and at the same time, the root of the drainage layer (11) can be prevented. It is possible to prevent intrusion, and also to prevent foam particles from scattering during construction. Of course, as the water-permeable sheet (12), a fabric such as synthetic fiber woven or knitted fabric or other fibrous sheet, or a fine mesh-like sheet or other water-permeable sheet can be used, and both are non-flammable. It is preferably made of a material.

As the upper soil layer (13), upland soil, soil obtained by adding sand to clay soil, or other soil suitable for cultivating plants is used. Since the soil used for this soil layer (13) weighs 1400 to 1600 kg / 1m ³ , relatively fine foam particles with a diameter of several mm (for example, about 2 to 6 mm) are suitable for this soil. It can be used by adjusting its weight to about 1000 kg / m ³ . In this case, the artificial ground can be made lighter in weight, and the soil with better water permeability can be obtained.

Then, on the soil layer (13), if necessary, a lightweight soil layer having a good water retention property and a surface soil layer (14) or a moss layer made of artificial soil which easily grows moss is laid. Of course, you can also plant a lawn directly or lay a protective layer.

In the construction of the artificial ground (10) described above, the thickness of the drainage layer (11) and the soil layer (13) may vary depending on the type of plant such as trees to be planted and the height of the plant. 100-300mm, soil layer 300-1500mm, as a standard of thickness, tree height 1m, drainage layer 100mm or more, soil layer 600mm or more, tree height 2m, drainage layer 150mm or more, soil layer 1200mm or more. To do.

In the case of the illustrated embodiment, a large number of synthetic resin strips are bent on the surface of the rising wall (4) on the artificial ground (10) side, and are gathered in a state where voids are held. A permeable material (7) is installed so that rainwater can be drained by flushing it from the surface in the direction of a plane when it rains suddenly. In this case, in order to prevent soil from flowing out to the permeable material (7), the end of the permeable sheet (12) is extended so as to cover the permeable material (7). (12a) shows the extension.

Further, in place of the holding mortar layer (5) on the moisture-proof layer (3) in the above-mentioned embodiment, a plate-like holding material made of a synthetic resin foam having water resistance such as polystyrene resin foam. (50) can be used.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the holding member (50) is provided with running water grooves (51) that vertically and horizontally cross each other on the upper and lower surfaces thereof, and a running water hole that vertically penetrates at the crossing portion. (52) is provided, and a large number of protrusions (53) are provided on the lower surface for each block partitioned by the flowing water groove (51).

Further, notch concave portions (54) and convex portions (55) which are fitted to each other are provided at corresponding positions of opposite side portions of the pressing material (50), and are aligned on the floor surface. When installing and laying, the pressing members (50) (50) adjacent to each other can be engaged and connected to each other, so that the laying work of the pressing member (50) can be easily performed without distortion. The holding material (50) is held in a laid state under the weight of the man-made ground (10) formed thereon.

When this pressing material (50) is used, when it is laid on the moisture-proof layer (3), the protrusions (53) on the lower surface hold voids, so the drainage by the foamed particles (21) Water flowing under the retaining material (50) from the layer (11) through the drainage channel (51) and the water hole (52) or from the gap between the retaining materials (50) (50) does not stay. Drains sideways.

Further, instead of the above-mentioned pressing material (50), as shown in FIG. 5, a large number of foam strips (56) are assembled so as to have voids in a random dam, and are fused at their contact portions. It is possible to use the strip aggregate (57) which is integrated by being joined. In this case as well, the moisture-proof layer (3) serves as a holding layer, and the drainage property thereof is improved, and the weight can be further reduced.

Of course, not only the above-mentioned pressing material but also other pressing members can be used, and the foamed particles (21) can be directly packed on the moisture-proof layer (3) without providing the pressing layer. It is also possible to construct and implement the drainage layer (11) by the body (23).

The roof garden with the artificial ground (10) as described above is formed over the entire floor surface outside various facilities installed on the roof, and as shown in FIG. 6, a part of the roof floor is formed. It can be constructed by dividing it with a rising wall (24) such as a parapet that also serves as a bench. The plan form of this garden can be freely designed. In the case of this embodiment, the moisture-proof layer (3) is also extended to the rising wall (24) to prevent water leakage.

[0038]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, as the artificial ground for the roof garden, since the bagging body filled with the foamed particles of the synthetic resin is laid and used particularly in the lower drainage layer, the conventional gravel or the like is used. It can be made much lighter than conventional ones, it does not significantly affect the strength of the frame structure of a building such as a rooftop slab, and the construction cost does not increase excessively. In addition, by packing the foamed granules in a bag, there is no risk of the foamed granules scattering, it is easy to handle during construction, and the labor for constructing the artificial ground can be saved. Can be easily implemented.

Excess water during sprinkling or rain permeates through the water-permeable sheet between the drainage layer and the soil layer and flows into the drainage layer formed by the bag-filled body of foamed particles for rapid drainage. By forming a recess between the bagged bodies, the drainage performance is extremely good, and it is possible to handle drainage even in the case of heavy rainfall, and there is no possibility that water will accumulate and cause water leakage or rooting. ..

On the other hand, since the water-permeable sheet of fibrous material such as non-woven fabric exists between the drainage layer and the soil layer, it is possible to prevent the soil in the soil layer from flowing out together with rainwater. In addition, the drainage layer, drainage ditch and drainage outlet are not clogged with runoff soil, and the fact that the foamed particles are made of synthetic resin and does not corrode makes it possible to maintain good drainage performance for a long time. In addition, it is possible to prevent the roots of plants such as trees from invading the drainage layer below and impairing drainage.

Further, the drainage layer formed by the foamed particles has excellent heat insulating properties, and can prevent heat such as the heating of the downstairs from being transferred to the subsoil layer even in the winter, and the plant does not germinate or flower in season.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the above.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a pressing member.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the pressing member as viewed from the lower surface side.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another example of a pressing member.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a case where a garden is formed on a part of the roof to implement the method.

[Explanation of symbols]

(1) Roof slab (2) Leveling mortar layer (3) Moisture-proof layer (5) Holding mortar layer (10) Artificial ground (11) Drainage layer (12) Non-woven fabric permeable sheet (13) Soil layer (14) ) Top soil layer (21) Expanded granules (22) Bag (23) Packed body (50) Plate-shaped pressing material (57) Strip aggregate

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A rooftop of a building, on a rooftop slab,
A bag made of a water-permeable sheet is packed with synthetic resin foam particles in a layered form, and a water-permeable sheet such as a non-woven fabric is laid on it, and a soil layer is provided on the water-permeable sheet. The artificial ground for the roof garden, which is characterized by