JPH0585134B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an artificial light type plant cultivation device for cultivating plants under artificial lighting in the interior space of a structure.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Currently, attempts are being made to cultivate plants in structures such as plant production factories. Cultivation inside structures such as plant production factories is used for edible vegetables, etc., and hydroponic cultivation is performed by controlling the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. inside the structure and providing artificial lighting. It is.

[0003] Such plant cultivation has the following advantages. Because it is controlled cultivation within a structure, there are no accidents such as delays in growth due to unseasonable weather or poor growth, which occur in open field cultivation. Since cultivation is carried out while replenishing the culture solution necessary for plant growth, the crops are not limited by the climate of the land. Since cultivation can be carried out in a space separated from the outside world and in a clean environment, pesticide-free cultivation is possible. Since nutrients necessary for plant growth are reliably supplied by the culture solution, there is no difficulty in continuous cropping in open field cultivation. High-quality plants can be harvested stably by accelerating the growth rate. Mechanization of plant production is easy to implement.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Plant cultivation within a structure has the above-mentioned advantages and is particularly suitable for cultivating edible vegetables, but it cannot be said to have been sufficiently popularized yet. The reason for this is that the initial cost of setting up a plant production factory is extremely high, and economic efficiency and
This is because there is a problem with profitability.

[0005] In addition, it is advantageous for plant production factories to be located close to the consumption area in order to supply harvested plants in a fresh state and at a low price, thereby competing with the price of open field cultivation. However, there are many ways to use land near such consumption areas, and although it may be converted to other uses depending on changes in the situation, a large amount of money is required to remove it, and this is also a problem. This is hindering its spread.

[0006] As a way to solve these problems, it is possible to make structures for plant cultivation compact and transportable, but such structures have an internal space built on the ground. There is a problem in that it is difficult to grow as large as a commercial plant, and it is difficult to secure a large area for plant cultivation in order to secure a working passage. Therefore, the present invention makes full use of the advantages of conventional plant cultivation within structures, has lower initial costs such as installation costs compared to conventional plant production factories, etc., and can be installed in any desired location. To provide an artificial light type plant cultivation device that can be easily relocated and removed from the location, and can increase the plant cultivation area by effectively utilizing the internal space of the structure.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the above object, the present invention provides an artificial light type plant cultivation device for cultivating plants under artificial lighting in an internal space of a structure.
The structure is made transportable, and two rows of fixed plant cultivation beds are built along both inner walls of the structure and a working passage is formed between them, and fixed plant cultivation beds are installed in the passage. To provide an artificial light type plant cultivation device characterized in that a movable plant cultivation bed is provided so as to be movable in a direction across the bed so as to take an extended position or a position stored under any of the beds. be.

[0008] As an example of the transportable structure, a maritime shipping container based on ISO standards can be cited. Among these containers, the refrigerated container is advantageous because it is equipped with a refrigeration system and can be used as part of the air conditioning system. In addition, a container for land transportation, a container or a van integrally formed with the loading platform of a truck or trailer may also be considered.

[0009] The movable plant cultivation bed that can be reciprocated may extend integrally for a long time along the constructed fixed plant cultivation bed, but the fixed bed can be moved within the reach of the work vehicle standing on the work path. Preferably, the movable bed is formed short in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of movable beds formed short in this manner are arranged along the fixed bed. An example of the fixed and movable plant cultivation bed is one that is equipped with a pan that allows a nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation to flow along the bottom and on which a group of seedling raising boxes or a group of cultivation boxes can be placed. . In this case, it is conceivable to provide a culture solution supply means within the structure.

[0010] The seedling raising box group and the cultivation box group include, for example, several types of boxes in which cultivation members provided with planting parts at regular intervals can be attached at different intervals depending on the growth stage of the plants planted in the cultivation members. can become. The cultivation member may be in the form of a panel or a combination of pots, which is arbitrary. The pan may be formed so that the depth of the nutrient solution increases stepwise from the plant harvesting side to the seedling raising side, so that seedling raising and subsequent cultivation can be carried out smoothly. The pan may also be provided with means for adjusting the liquid level therein.

[0011] Various illumination means for obtaining artificial light can be considered, but one example includes a lamp house provided outside the structure, a lamp shade and a lamp provided within the lamp house, and the lamp includes a lamp house provided outside the structure. One example is one that faces into the structure through a hole provided in the wall of the structure and can irradiate the plant cultivation bed with light. In this case, the lamp house may be provided with an air flow means for exhaust heat for the purpose of reducing the air conditioning load. Further, a heat ray absorption filter may be provided below the lamp.

[0012] As another example, a lamp may be provided on the ceiling within the structure to irradiate the plant cultivation bed with light. In this case as well, a heat ray absorption filter may be provided below the lamp, if necessary, and air flow means such as a ventilation fan may be provided on the wall of the structure. Furthermore, means for adjusting the lamp position may be provided. Note that the structure may be equipped with air conditioning means, if necessary.
A carbon dioxide gas supply means or the like may be provided.

[0013]

[Effect]

According to the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus is transported to a desired location by a truck, trailer, etc. and installed therein, and desired plants are cultivated therein under artificial light. Plant cultivation is carried out using fixed cultivation beds built along both inner walls of the structure and movable beds that are pulled out from under either of these beds into the working path. When a plurality of movable beds are formed to be short in the longitudinal direction of the fixed bed, when a worker in the work passage moves from the back of the structure to the entrance/exit, the movable beds are sequentially worked from the back side. The movable beds on the work passage can be easily pulled out into the passage, and when the worker advances to the back of the structure, the movable beds on the work passage can be easily stored under the fixed beds in order from the one on the entrance/exit side. Further, workers on the work path can perform necessary processing on each fixed bed and each movable bed.

[0014] When the movable bed is formed long along the fixed bed and the worker cannot reach the back part of the movable bed pulled out onto the work path, the movable bed may not be attached to the fixed bed. Necessary work will be performed with the container completely or partially contained.

【0015】

【Example】

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A portable fully artificial light type plant cultivation apparatus which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a cross section of the device, FIG. 2 is a side view of the device as seen from the left side in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of the device as seen from the right side in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross section taken along line X-X in FIG. are shown respectively.

[0016] This portable fully artificial light type plant cultivation device includes a rectangular structure 1 having a closed space, and the interior space includes a pair of fixed plant cultivation beds 2, 2, and a plurality of movable plants. It is equipped with cultivation beds 7 and a device 3 for circulating a nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation in these beds and managing the nutrient solution, as well as a lighting device 4, an air conditioning device 5, and a carbon dioxide gas supply device 6.

[0017] Structure 1 is a marine shipping container manufactured based on ISO standards. Refrigerated containers for marine transportation generally have a 20-foot type.
There is a 40-foot type, and the former has an outer dimension of approximately 6.05 m in length, 2.44 m in width, and 2.44 m in height, while the latter has an outer dimension of approximately 12.19 m in length, 2.44 m in width, and 2.44 m in width. The height is set at approximately 2.59m. Although either container can be used in the present invention, a 40-foot type container is used here.

[0018] The reason for using such a container is that it has good weather resistance, is extremely robust,
This is because it has satisfactory airtightness and is easy to transport. It should be noted that it is not always necessary to use such a container as the structure; any type of structure can be used as appropriate, as long as it is capable of hydroponic cultivation using artificial light and can be transported and moved. can. As shown in Figure 19, a van installed integrally on a truck or trailer T
TC is also available.

[0019] The container 1 is entirely composed of a wall body having heat insulation and airtightness, and one end wall 10 in the longitudinal direction is provided with a door 11 supported by a hinge, and the other end is provided with an end wall 12. Closed. door 11
has a locking device. The cultivation beds 2, 2 have a working passage 20 between them.
They are arranged parallel to each other along both longitudinal inner walls 15, 15 of the container 1 so as to form 0.

[0020] Each fixed cultivation bed 2 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 5, it is equipped with a long pan 21 with an upper end opening for flowing the nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation, and a leg frame 22 that supports the pan at a height that is easy to work with. It is configured so that a cultivation box can be placed there. As shown in FIGS. 1, 4, and 6, each movable cultivation bed 7 is equipped with a pan 71 having an opening at the upper end for flowing a nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation, and a leg frame 72 that supports the pan. A seedling growing box, which will be described later, can be placed on top of the pan. leg frame 7
A plurality of casters 73 are provided at the lower end of 2.
The top of the bed 7 is located lower than the bottom surface of the pan 21 of the bed 2.

[0021] On the other hand, a plurality of rails 74 are laid at the bottom of the container 1 and extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the container, on which the casters 73 are placed. The position stored under the fixed bed 2 and the working path 2
It can reciprocate between the pulled out position and the 00 position. The length of each bed 7 in the longitudinal direction of the container is such that when the bed 7 is pulled out onto the passage 200, a worker on the passage can sufficiently reach each part of the bed.

[0022] The rail 74 does not need to extend across the entire inner width of the container 1 as in the present embodiment, and extends from below at least one bed 2 to the passage 20.
It is sufficient that the bed extends to 0, but if it extends between the beds 2 and 2 as in this embodiment, the bed 7 can be placed under any of the beds 2. A spare bed 7 can also be placed in advance under the bed 2.

[0023] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, bed 2
The pan 21 has longitudinal side walls 21a,
A cultivation box, which will be described later, can be supported at its upper end.
As shown in FIG. 5, both end walls 211 and 212 are formed higher than both side walls 21a to prevent the box from falling. The pan 21 is the end wall 2 on the container door side.
11 toward the end wall 212, it is slightly sloped downward. This end wall 211 becomes the harvesting side, and the end wall 211
2 is considered to be the seedling planting side. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the bread 21 has different depths in the middle, with the harvesting side being shallower and the planting side being deeper. The reason why the pan depths differ in this way as shown in FIG. 5 will be explained later.
In addition to the case where the depths differ in two stages like this, the depths may differ in three or more stages as necessary, and the depths do not necessarily have to be different, and the entire depth may be uniform.

[0024] A cylindrical nutrient solution supply port 210 is provided on the end wall 211 on the harvesting side of the pan 21, and at the planting side end, as shown in FIG. A hole 213 is provided, and a short cylinder 214 for adjusting the liquid level is inserted into this hole.
The liquid level α in the pan can be adjusted by adjusting the degree to which the cylinder is inserted into the hole and adjusting the upper end of the cylinder up and down.

[0025] On the other hand, the pan 71 of the movable cultivation bed is formed to have a uniform depth as shown in FIG. 6, and the upper ends of both longitudinal side walls 71a support a seedling growing box, which will be described later. Both end walls 711 and 712 of the pan 71 are formed higher than the both side walls 71a to prevent the box from falling. The pan 71 is the end wall 7 on the container door side.
11 toward the other end wall 712, it is slightly inclined downward. A cylindrical nutrient solution supply port 710 is provided in the end wall 711.
A drop hole 713 for the nutrient solution F is provided at the bottom of the other end, and a short cylindrical body 714 for adjusting the liquid level is inserted into the hole. Liquid level β can be adjusted.

[0026] The seedling growing box placed on the cultivation bed 7 is shown in FIG. 7 and/or FIG.
The box 25 shown in FIG. 8 and the box 26 shown in FIG. 8 each have a large number of nutrient solution passage holes 251 and 261 in their bottom plates. A flexible cube C made of polyurethane foam (indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7) is placed in the box 25, in which seeds that have been separately pretreated for germination are sown.
In the box 26, the urethane cubes C that have spent a predetermined number of days in the box 25 are arranged in a staggered manner, and between the cubes C, unseeded cubes C are embedded to fill the gaps. Note that an appropriate spacer may be formed in this gap from the beginning.

[0027] The cultivation box 27 (see FIGS. 9 and 10), the box 28 (see FIG. 11), the box 29 (see FIG. 12), and the box 30 (see FIG. 13) placed on the pan 21 of the cultivation bed 2 are each It has side walls only on both sides and the back side, and the front end 27
1,281,291,301 has no side walls. Four horizontal bars 272 to 275 are provided on the bottom, as represented by a box 27, respectively.
For boxes 28, 29, and 30, spacers 282, 292 with widths A1, A2, and A3 are placed on the horizontal bars.
302 extends ten by one. and A1<A
The relationship is 2<A3.

[0028] In box 27, FIGS. 14, 1 and 2
A total of 11 cultivation panels P1 and P2 shown in FIG. 9 are arranged alternately with no gaps as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
Each panel is provided with five through circular holes B. However, the positions of the holes are shifted between the two panels so that the hole on the other panel is located at a position corresponding to the middle of adjacent holes on one panel. Each hole B is connected to the urethane cube C.
The size is just right to fit.

[0029] The seedling raising boxes 25 and 26 are placed on the pan 71 of the cultivation bed 7 at a sowing stage 1S and a seedling raising stage 2S, as shown in FIG. 15, FIG. 16, or FIG. 17, for example. In this case, in order to prevent light from entering between the boxes or between the boxes and the pan end walls 711, 712 and causing algae to grow in the nutrient solution F in the pan, it is necessary to It is desirable that there be no gaps between them, and it is desirable that the dimensions of each part be determined accordingly. When a gap is created, the gap may be closed, for example, with a suitable light shielding member 81 (see FIG. 71).

[0030] On the other hand, the cultivation boxes 27 to 30
For example, as shown in FIG. 18, they are placed on the pan 21 of the cultivation bed 2 at intermediate stages 3S to 5S and at a harvesting stage 6S. In this case as well, the end walls 211, 212 between the boxes or between the boxes and the pan 21
In order to prevent light from entering between the boxes and the growth of algae in the nutrient solution F in the pan, it is desirable that there be no gaps between the boxes or between the boxes and the end wall of the pan. It is desirable to determine the dimensions of each part. When a gap is created, the gap may be closed with a suitable light shielding member 82, for example.

[0031] If necessary, one or both of the boxes 25 and 26 may be placed on the pan 21, and at least one of the boxes 27 to 30 may be placed on the pan 71, as long as there is no problem with plant cultivation. Each cultivation panel P1, P attached to the box 27
Cubes C, which have spent a predetermined number of days in the box 26 and have completed the seedling-raising stage, are planted in each hole B of 2.

[0032] Panels P1 and P2 that have spent a predetermined number of days in the box 27 are alternately attached to the box 28, panels P1 and P2 that have spent a predetermined number of days in the box 28 are alternately attached to the box 29, and the panels P1 and P2 that have spent a predetermined number of days in the box 28 are alternately attached to the box 29. The panels P1 and P2, which have been used for a predetermined number of days, are alternately mounted in the box 29. When the panels P1 and P2 are attached to each box 27, 28, 29, 30, there is no gap when viewed from the top.In other words, the box dimensions, panel dimensions,
The spacer dimensions of the boxes are so selected that light is prevented from entering the pan 21 through these boxes, and the growth of algae in the nutrient solution within the pan is prevented.

[0033] The stepped portion 215 (see FIG. 5) of the pan 21 having different depths is formed so as to correspond almost to the boundary between the box 27 group and the box 28 group. In addition to the size and overall configuration of the plant cultivation beds 2 and 7, the shapes of the pans 21 and 71, the boxes 25 to 30 placed on the pans, the cultivation panels P1 and P2 attached to the boxes, etc. The dimensions and materials of each part, the number and length of cultivation stages on the pans 21 and 71, the number of boxes in each stage, etc. are not limited to those of the above embodiments, and the types and amounts of plants to be cultivated are not limited to those of the above embodiments. , the desired size at the time of harvesting, workability, etc. can be taken into consideration and the selection can be made as appropriate. Furthermore, the medium for seeding is not limited to the urethane cube, and other medium may be used as necessary.

[0034] A device 3 for circulating and managing the nutrient solution F used for hydroponic cultivation of plants is provided below the end of the container on the back side of the two fixed cultivation beds 2, 2. The device includes a part 31 used for the beds 2 and 2 and a part 32 used for the bed 7, and these parts include pumps 311 and 321 for circulating the nutrient solution, a liquid mixing part,
Main body 312, 3 including a nutrient solution tank, nutrient solution management section, etc.
It is equipped with 22. The pump 311 is a pipe 313
The nutrient solution is supplied to the nutrient solution supply port 210 of the pan 21 of each bed 2 through the nutrient solution (see FIG. 5). Further, a recovery pipe 314 (see FIG. 5) connected to the nutrient solution drop hole 213 of each pan 21 is connected to the main body 312.

[0035] Similarly, the pump 321 is connected to the pipe 323.
The nutrient solution is supplied to the nutrient solution supply port 710 of the pan 71 of each bed 7 via the nutrient solution (see FIG. 6). Further, a recovery pipe 324 (see FIG. 6) connected to the nutrient solution drop hole 713 of each pan 71 is connected to the main body 322. Pipes 323 and 324 connected to each pipe 71
Both are made of flexible pipes with sufficient length or flexible pipes, so that the movable bed 7 can be moved while being connected to the main body 322.

[0036] The liquid management sections of the main bodies 312 and 322 are conventionally known for managing the composition, concentration, pH, EC, temperature, etc. of the nutrient solution to predetermined conditions, and therefore, detailed explanation here will be omitted. Omitted. Note that the device 3 may have its nutrient solution mixing section and the like located outside the container. Moreover, instead of the device 3, it is also possible to employ other means for applying the nutrient solution, such as spraying the nutrient solution.

[0037] The lighting device 4 includes five lamp shades 41 provided on the ceiling inside the container 1, a lamp 42 in each lamp shade, and a heat ray absorption filter 43 provided in the lamp shade so as to cover the lower part of each lamp. Each lamp 42 has a lamp shade 41 and a filter 4.
3, their positions can be adjusted by a position adjusting means (not shown), but in the illustrated example, they are arranged at equal intervals in the center of the ceiling.

[0038] Each lamp is preferably a substitute for sunlight, and metal halide lamps or high-pressure sodium lamps are generally used.
Here, high-pressure sodium lamps are used, which provide each bed 2 with an effective planar illuminance of approximately 18,000~
At 22,000 lux, each movable bed 7 on the working path
is illuminated with an effective plane illuminance of approximately 13,000 to 16,000 lux.

[0039] The heat ray absorption filter 44 is the filter disclosed in JP-A No. 1-282505, that is, it is based on water, and contains a compound capable of producing ferrous ions, and L-ascorbic acid or D. - This is a filter in which a liquid containing one or both of ascorbic acids is hermetically housed between transparent bodies disposed facing each other.

[0040] Both longitudinal end walls 10, 1 of the container 1
2, as shown in FIG.
1, which is equipped with hoods 91, 92 and damper-equipped ventilation fans 93 (for intake) and 94 (for discharge).
By operating one or both of these fans, the inside of the container can be ventilated, and the air conditioning load due to heat generated by the lamps can be reduced, reducing equipment running costs.

[0041] In addition, by using the heat ray absorption filter as described above, the air conditioning load inside the container due to lamp heat can be reduced accordingly, and when the carbon dioxide concentration in the container is higher than the atmospheric state, the carbon dioxide gas supply device 6 It also has the effect of suppressing carbon dioxide consumption. Note that the lighting device is not limited to that of the above embodiment, and other types may be used depending on the type, arrangement, number of lamps, type of heat ray absorption filter, etc., depending on the arrangement, number, size, etc. of the cultivation bed. You may adopt the thing of the aspect. When the lighting device is provided in the container 1 as in this example, there is an advantage that the device of the present invention including the container can be stacked vertically.

[0042] Next, the air conditioner 5 will be explained.
This device 5 controls the temperature and humidity inside the container 1 to a predetermined state, and its cooling coil 51 is attached to the ceiling inside the container 1, and the other part 52 is attached to the outside of the end wall 12 of the container 1. ing.
In addition, when a refrigerated container is adopted, the refrigeration equipment can be used. The carbon dioxide gas supply device 6 includes a carbon dioxide gas cylinder 61 attached to the outer wall of the container, as well as piping (not shown) that introduces carbon dioxide gas from the cylinder 61 into the container 1.
It is equipped with a gas supply control valve which is already known per se and which is provided in the middle of the piping, and a control device which is known per se for controlling the opening degree of the valve.

[0043] In FIG. 3, A is a control box for each part. Next, an example of plant cultivation using the cultivation apparatus will be explained. For example, let's take the case of growing salad greens. The interior of the container 1 is illuminated with a lighting device 4, an air conditioner 5 is operated to maintain the temperature and humidity at a predetermined level, and a carbon dioxide gas supply device 6 is operated to maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide at a predetermined level. In addition, the nutrient solution circulation management device 3 is operated to supply a nutrient solution with a predetermined composition, concentration, pH, EC, and temperature necessary for the growth of salad vegetables to the bread in each bed. The supplied nutrient solution is circulated back to the main body of the device 3 along the slope of the pan.
Note that, prior to circulating the nutrient solution, the height of the upper end of the liquid level adjusting cylinders 214, 714 provided in the pans 21, 71 is adjusted to obtain a desired liquid level.

[0044] Work on each bed 2 can be performed by an operator located in the passageway 200, and in this case, the movable bed 7 that gets in the way is stored under one of the beds 2. Further, work on each bed 7 is performed by pulling the bed out into the passage 200. In this case as well, the other bed 7 that gets in the way can be stored under the bed 2. When cultivating with the container door closed, box 25,2
The bed 7 on which 6 is placed is pulled out to the passage 200.

[0045] Note that the worker opens and closes the door 11 of the container 1 to enter and exit the container. The operator spreads urethane cubes C in the seedling raising box 25 shown in FIG.
Place it on. After setting the box 25, the movable bed 7 is pulled out into the passage 200. After that, the container door 11 is closed. The boxes 25 sown in this way are set one by one each day by pushing the preceding box to one side or transferring to another empty movable bed 7, and after a predetermined number of days have passed, the boxes 25 are transferred to the first seedling stage 1S. Work is performed so that a predetermined number of boxes 25 are always set.

[0046] The box 25 that has spent a predetermined number of days in the stage 1S is taken out from the stage, and the germinated cubes C in the box are packed in a staggered manner into the seedling raising box 26 shown in FIG. It is installed on the 7th seedling raising stage 2S. After the stage 1S is full, this operation is performed every day so that a predetermined number of boxes 26 are always set on the stage 2S.

[0047] The box 26 that has spent a predetermined number of days in stage 2S is removed from the stage, and a cube C with well-grown seedlings in the box is selected, and the cube C is cultivated as shown in FIGS. 14, 1 and 2. Plant in each hole B of panels P1 and P2, and
1 and P2 are set alternately in the box 27 shown in FIG.
be installed on. After the stage 2S is full, this operation is performed every day so that a predetermined number of boxes 27 are always set on the stage 3S.

[0048] The box 27 that has spent a predetermined number of days in stage 3S is taken out from the stage, and the inner panels P1 and P2 of the box are transferred to the box 28 in FIG. Mount. After Stage 3S is full, do this every day until Stage 4S is full.
The operation is performed so that a predetermined number of boxes 28 are always set.

[0049] The box 28 that has spent a predetermined number of days in stage 4S is taken out from the stage, and the inner panels P1 and P2 of the box are transferred to the box 29 in FIG. be installed on. After the stage 4S is full, this operation is performed every day so that a predetermined number of boxes 29 are always set on the stage 5S.

[0050] The box 29 that has spent a predetermined number of days on the stage 5S is taken out from the stage, and the inner panels P1 and P2 of the box are transferred to the box 30 in FIG. 13 and installed alternately.
It will be installed in the final cultivation stage 6S. After Stage 5S is full, do this every day.
Work is performed so that a predetermined number of boxes 30 are always set on the stage 6S.

[0051] In this way, dense planting cultivation is performed with plant spacing depending on the growth of the plants, and finally salad greens that have grown to a predetermined state can be harvested from the box 30 on the stage 6S. In addition, in the cultivation stages 3S, 4S, 5S and 6S, when transferring each cultivation panel P1, P2 from box to box or moving each cultivation box on the pan 21, the liquid level (liquid depth ) Raise the adjustment cylinder 214 to deepen the nutrient solution,
This makes it possible to keep the plant roots in a floating state and reduce damage to them.

[0052] During the above cultivation, in each bed 2 and 7, the nutrient solution is circulated so that the lower end of each cube C on the bed is immersed in the nutrient solution, and in the seedling growing stages 1S and 2S in bed 7 and in the bed 2. In the cultivation stage 3S, the nutrient solution is deep and cultivation is carried out using a deep water circulation method, and the roots of the plant are placed in a suspended state in the nutrient solution, allowing them to sufficiently absorb nutrients and causing less damage. From cultivation stage 4S onwards, the nutrient solution is shallow and cultivation is performed using a shallow water circulation system that provides good oxygen supply to the roots.

[0053] According to the above embodiment, each of the plant cultivation beds 2, 7 is of the type on which the boxes 25 to 30 are placed manually, and has a simple structure, so it is easy to install the plant cultivation equipment. This is extremely advantageous in reducing the initial cost. However, instead of the above-mentioned cultivation bed, a cultivation bed having a structure in which the distance between plants can be gradually widened in accordance with the growth of the plants may be adopted using mechanical force, either manually or automatically. To provide such a bed, for example,
According to the growth of the plant, the spacing between plants can be increased in the direction of plant progress and in the direction perpendicular thereto, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 62-122533, Publication of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 62-21853, Publication of Japanese Utility Model Application No. 1-82745, etc. equipment is available. However, if a long and slender structure like Container 1 is used as a structure for accommodating the beds, the spacing between the plants should be gradually widened only in the direction of plant propagation, and the spacing between the plants should be set to a certain extent from the beginning in the direction perpendicular to this direction. You can also spread it out.

[0054] Furthermore, the nutrient solution circulation and management device 3, the lighting device 4, the air conditioner 5, the carbon dioxide gas supply device 6, etc. in the above embodiment are divided into, for example, a group that constitutes the above-ground environment and a group that constitutes the underground environment. may be centrally controlled using a dedicated controller. Furthermore, when a plurality of devices of the present invention are installed, it is also possible to centrally control them with a computer.

[0055] The embodiment device described above has sufficient advantages in conventional plant production factories, and
Not only can it be manufactured in a factory, but it can also be loaded onto a truck or trailer and transported to a desired location, such as farmland, vacant land in a city, idle factory sites, various research institute sites, desert areas, cold regions such as Antarctic bases, ships, etc. Since it can be easily transported and installed virtually without any on-site construction, the initial cost of installing the device is much lower than in the past.

[0056] Furthermore, it is easy to transport and is compact, so it is advantageous for trade. In addition, since it is easy to transport and move, even if the situation at the installation location changes and the location is to be reused, it can be easily removed and reused. Furthermore, since the movable bed 7 that can be pulled out into the working path 200 is adopted, the horizontal cross-sectional area within the narrow container can be effectively utilized to approximately 90%, thereby increasing the plant cultivation area.

[0057] Furthermore, if a large number of the plant cultivation devices are installed, mass production of plants is possible.
It is suitable for high-mix, low-volume production, and can also be applied to plant cultivation research.

【0058】

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the advantages of conventional plant cultivation within structures can be utilized as is, and the initial cost such as installation cost is lower than that of conventional plant production factories. An artificial light type plant cultivation device that can be easily installed at a desired location, rearranged at the desired location, and removed from the location, and which can effectively utilize the internal space of the structure to increase the plant cultivation area. can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a pan in a plant cultivation bed in a fixed arrangement.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a pan in a movable plant cultivation bed.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of an example of a seedling growing box.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of another example of the seedling growing box.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of an example of a cultivation box.

10 is a cross-sectional view of the box in FIG. 9. FIG.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of another example of the cultivation box.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of still another example of the cultivation box.

FIG. 13 is a plan view of still another example of the cultivation box.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of the cultivation panel.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of an example of placing a seedling growing box on a movable bed.

FIG. 16 is a plan view of another example of placing the seedling growing box on the movable bed.

FIG. 17 is a plan view of still another example of placing the seedling growing box on the movable bed.

FIG. 18 is a plan view of an example of placing a cultivation box on a fixed bed.

FIG. 19 is a side view of a truck integrally provided with a plant cultivation structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Container 15……Container inner wall 2...Fixed plant cultivation bed 200...Work passage 7...Movable plant cultivation bed TC...Truck integrated structure.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An artificial light type plant cultivation device for cultivating plants under artificial illumination in an internal space of a structure, wherein the structure is transportable, and a container is provided inside the structure along both inner walls. At the same time, fixed plant cultivation beds are constructed in two rows so as to form a working path between them, and the beds are traversed so as to be placed in a position extending into the path or under one of the beds. An artificial light type plant cultivation device characterized by having a movable plant cultivation bed capable of reciprocating in different directions.