JPH0584200U - regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] The present invention aims to provide a regulator that can reduce the starting torque of the alternator at the time of engine start and that can obtain a flat output characteristic from low to high engine speed. I am trying. [Structure] An alternator device for a vehicle, which is equipped with a rectification unit (3) for converting the AC voltage generated in the generator winding (2) into DC, and outputs a DC voltage. The first excitation winding (14), The second and third excitation windings (24, 34) connected in parallel with the first excitation winding (14) and the respective excitation windings (14, 24, 34) are provided correspondingly. Voltage regulator (15,25,35), the second, above
An excitation winding driving unit (51) for controlling the driving of the third excitation windings (24, 34) is provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a regulator, and more particularly to a regulator of an alternator for an automobile, which is provided with a plurality of excitation windings for one power generation winding and controls the windings.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 A conventional vehicle alternator and its regulator have the configuration shown in Fig. 5.

In the figure, 1 is an alternator with a rectifier, and is configured so that the AC voltage generated in the generator winding 2 is converted into DC in the rectifying unit 3 and output. An exciting winding 4 for the generator winding 2 controls the exciting current flowing through the exciting winding 4 under the control of the regulator 5 to make the output voltage of the alternator 1 a constant voltage.

When the engine is started, the constant voltage diode 9 is turned off and the transistor 10 is turned off. Therefore, the transistor 8 connected in the Darlington connection in the next stage is turned on, so that an exciting current flows through the exciting winding 4 and the alternator. 1 raises the voltage when the engine starts. When the engine speed becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined speed, the constant voltage diode 9 is turned on, so that the transistor 10 is turned on and the Darlington-connected transistor 8 is controlled to be turned off, and the exciting current flowing through the exciting winding 4 is cut off. As a result, the output voltage of the alternator 1 drops. Due to this drop in the output voltage, the constant voltage diode 9 is turned off, the transistor 10 is turned off, and the Darlington-connected transistor 8 is turned on, whereby the alternator 1 raises its output voltage. By repeating this, the output voltage of the alternator 1 is made constant.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 At the time of starting the engine, as described above, under the condition that the voltage V 1 generated by the alternator 1 is divided by the resistance R of the exciting winding 4 and the maximum exciting current I = V / R is applied. , The engine is started.

Starting the engine under a heavy load in this manner adversely affects the characteristics of the starter. When a large-capacity alternator such as a bus is installed, engine start-up is bad. There is a problem to do.

Further, since the excitation winding is a single excitation method, the limit of the output is determined by the temperature rise of the generator winding 2, so that the engine rotation speed is low as shown in FIG. Output becomes insufficient at high speed, for example, at idling. As a means for solving this, there is a method of operating the alternator 1 with a constant speed drive unit as shown in Fig. 7, but the method of using the drive unit has a problem that the cost increases and the weight increases. It was

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is configured such that a plurality of exciting windings of an alternator are provided and the plurality of exciting windings are appropriately controlled, and a light load is applied at the engine start. It is an object of the present invention to provide a regulator that can start the engine under the above conditions and can obtain a flat output characteristic from low engine speed to high speed.

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the regulator of the present invention is provided with a rectifier that converts the alternating voltage generated in the generator winding into a direct current, and is the first in an alternator device for an automobile that outputs a direct current voltage. Exciting windings, second and third exciting windings connected in parallel to the first exciting winding, voltage regulators respectively provided for the respective exciting windings, and the second and third exciting windings. It is characterized in that it is equipped with an excitation winding drive unit that controls the drive of the excitation winding, and that the DC voltage generated from the alternator is output as a constant voltage.

Then, the excitation winding drive unit, based on the voltage detection element that outputs the detection signal when the output voltage of the alternator becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, and the detection signal output by the voltage detection element, The second and third excitation windings are provided with a switch element for causing the excitation current from each voltage regulator to flow.

Further, the excitation winding drive section includes a temperature detection element for detecting the temperature of the power generation winding, and when the temperature detection element detects a predetermined temperature, the second and third excitation windings. A configuration may also be provided that includes a cutoff circuit that cuts off the exciting currents flowing in the magnetic windings.

[0012]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 shows the construction of an embodiment of the regulator according to the present invention, and the reference numerals 1 to 3, 6, 7 correspond to those of FIG.

The alternator 1 includes a first exciting winding 14, a second exciting winding 24, and a third exciting winding 34, and the exciting current flowing through the exciting winding 14 is controlled by the voltage regulator 15. The exciting currents flowing through the exciting windings 24 and 34 are controlled by the voltage regulators 25 and 35 via the transistor 52 of the exciting winding driving unit 51, respectively.

The excitation winding drive unit 51 includes the transistor 52 and a constant voltage diode 53 that is turned on when the midpoint voltage (N voltage) of the power generation winding 2 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage.

The resistors 54 to 57 constitute a voltage detection circuit for the DC output voltage generated from the alternator 1, and the voltage regulators 15, 25 and 35 are of the voltage detection circuit constituted by the resistors 54 to 57. Apportioned voltage is detected. The configuration of these voltage regulators 15, 25, 35 is the same as that of the regulator 5 shown in FIG. 5, and the operation is also the same.

When the engine is started, the constant voltage diode 19 of the voltage regulator 15 is off, so that an exciting current flows through the exciting winding 14 through the transistor 18 connected in Darlington. On the other hand, the exciting windings 24 and 34 are provided with transistors until the constant voltage diode 53 of the exciting winding driving section 51 is turned on, that is, until the engine is started and the midpoint voltage of the generating winding 2 reaches a predetermined voltage. Since 52 is kept in the off state, the exciting current does not flow in each, and the voltage of the alternator 1 rises only by the exciting current flowing in the exciting winding 14.

After the voltage of the alternator 1 rises, the midpoint voltage of the generator winding 2 reaches the voltage for turning on the constant voltage diode 53 of the exciting winding driving section 51 and turns on the transistor 52, so The windings 24, 34 are connected in parallel with the exciting winding 14, and are excited by the exciting currents controlled by the respective voltage regulators 15, 25, 35.

By setting the voltage at which the constant voltage diodes 19, 29, 39 of the voltage regulators 15, 25, 35 turn on to be different from each other, the exciting winding 14 can be set in accordance with the voltage output from the alternator 1. , 24, 34 are sequentially turned on and off, and the output voltage is made constant.

As described above, since the starting torque of the alternator is reduced with a small amount of excitation when the engine is started, the engine can be started easily. That is, as shown in Fig. 3, the case where three excitation windings shown by the solid line (A) are driven and the case where one excitation winding shown by the dotted line (A) is driven In and, there is a difference in the amount of horsepower that can be absorbed, which greatly reduces the load when starting the engine. In the figure, the solid line (B) represents the output when three exciting windings are driven, and the dotted line (B) represents the output when one exciting winding is driven.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of another embodiment of the regulator according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 or 3, 6, 7 corresponds to that of FIG. 5, and reference numerals 11, 14, 15, 18, 19 are given. , 21, 24, 25, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 38, 39, 54 to 57 correspond to those in FIG.

The excitation winding driving unit 61 includes two temperature detecting elements 62 and 63 that detect the temperature of the power generating winding 2 and two transistors 64 and 65 that are turned on by a resistance change of the temperature detecting elements 62 and 63. It has and. The temperature detecting elements 62 and 63 detect the temperature rise of the power generating winding 2, and are installed in the power generating winding 2 or a stator (not shown) around which the power generating winding 2 is wound. ing.

Now, when the output voltage of the alternator 1 is a 24V system, for example, the voltage regulator diode 19 of the voltage regulator 15 is on when the output voltage is 28.5V, and the voltage regulator diode 29 of the voltage regulator 25 is the output voltage. When the voltage is 28V, it is turned on, and the constant voltage diode 39 of the voltage regulator 35 is set so that it is turned on when the output voltage is 27.5V.

During normal output, the constant voltage diodes 19, 29, 39 are turned on / off according to the level of the output voltage, and the exciting current flowing through the exciting windings 14, 24, 34 is controlled, whereby the alternator is controlled. The output voltage of 1 is made constant. The voltage regulators 15, 25, and 35 have the same configuration as the regulator 5 shown in FIG. 5, and the operation thereof is also the same.

When the engine speed is low, for example, when the engine is idling, the output voltage of the alternator 1 becomes low, and when it is attempted to drop to 27.5 V or less, the constant voltage diodes 19 of the voltage regulators 15, 25, 35 are turned on. , 29, 39 are all turned off, and the next-stage transistors 11, 21, 31 are also turned off, so that the transistors 18, 28, 38 connected in Darlington are all turned on, and the excitation windings 14, 24, 34 are turned on. An exciting current is passed to increase the magnetomotive force, and the output voltage of the alternator 1 is 27. It is held at a constant voltage of 5V.

When the engine speed becomes high, the output voltage of the alternator 1 becomes high, and when it is attempted to increase to 28.5 V or higher, the constant voltage diodes 19, 29, 29 of the voltage regulators 15, 25, 35, All the transistors 39 are turned on, the next-stage transistors 11, 21, 31 are also turned on, so that the transistors 18, 28, 38 connected in Darlington are all turned off, and the exciting currents flowing through the exciting windings 14, 24, 34 are turned on. Is shut off, the magnetomotive force is reduced, and the output voltage of the alternator 1 is maintained at a constant voltage of 28.5V.

On the other hand, when the engine is rotating at a constant speed, the output voltage of the alternator 1 is kept at a constant voltage of 28 V, but when the temperature rise of the generator winding 2 is severe, the temperature detecting elements 62, 63 are When a predetermined temperature, for example, 220 ° C. or higher is detected, the resistance value suddenly becomes a low resistance value, and the transistors 64 and 65 of the excitation winding drive unit 61 are turned on. As a result, the Darlington-connected transistors 28 and 38 of the voltage regulators 25 and 35 are turned off, and the exciting current flowing through the exciting windings 24 and 34 is cut off.

When the temperature rise of the power generation winding 2 decreases, the transistors 64 1 and 65 of the excitation winding driving unit 61 are turned off and the normal power generation control is started. FIG. 4 shows output characteristics and temperature characteristics of the present invention. The dashed line in the figure represents the output and the temperature rise of the generator winding 2 when there is one excitation winding, and the dotted line shows the output and the temperature rise of the generator winding 2 when there are two excitation windings. The solid line represents the output and the temperature rise of the generator winding 2 when there are three excitation windings. The thick solid line in the figure shows the output characteristics of the alternator 1 of the present invention. The two-dot chain line represents the limit temperature of the power generation winding 2.

As can be seen from the figure, when the rotating speed of the alternator is low, the exciting windings 14, 24, 34 are used for excitation, and when the rotating speed of the alternator is high, only the exciting winding 14 is used for excitation. . Then, when the temperature rise is severe when the alternator rotational speed is medium speed, the exciting currents flowing through the exciting windings 24 and 34 are shut off by the temperature detecting elements 62 and 63. Therefore, since the temperature of the power generation winding 2 is output without reaching the limit, the output characteristics are improved in the low rotation range, and a nearly flat output is obtained.

[0029]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of exciting windings are provided in parallel, and the starting torque of the alternator is reduced when the engine is started. Therefore, the starting performance of the engine can be improved and the engine starting can be improved. After that, a stable voltage can be output from low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation by excitation with multiple excitation windings.

Further, since the temperature rise of the power generating winding is detected and the exciting current flowing in the exciting winding of the plurality of exciting windings is cut off, the generating winding has a limit temperature. The output characteristics will not be exceeded, and the output characteristics will improve in the low speed range, making it possible to obtain an output that is close to flat.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration of an embodiment of a regulator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration of another embodiment of the regulator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an output characteristic and absorption horsepower characteristic diagram of the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an output characteristic and temperature characteristic diagram of the configuration of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional regulator.

FIG. 6 is an output characteristic and temperature characteristic diagram of a conventional regulator.

FIG. 7 is an output characteristic of a constant speed alternator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Alternator 2 Generator Winding 3 Rectifier 4 Excitation Winding 5 Regulator 14 Excitation Winding 15 Voltage Regulator 24 Excitation Winding 25 Voltage Regulator 34 Excitation Winding 35 Voltage Regulator 51 Excitation Winding Drive 52 Transistor 53 Constant Voltage Diode 61 Excitation winding driver 62,63 Temperature detection element 64,65 Transistor

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An alternator device for an automobile, comprising a rectifying unit for converting an alternating voltage generated in a generator winding into a direct current, and outputting a direct current voltage. The first exciting winding and the first exciting winding. Second and third excitation windings connected in parallel with each other, voltage regulators respectively provided for the respective excitation windings, and excitation windings for controlling the drive of the second and third excitation windings. A regulator characterized by comprising a drive unit, and converting a DC voltage generated from an alternator into a constant voltage and outputting the voltage. 2. The excitation winding drive section is based on a voltage detection element that outputs a detection signal when the output voltage of the alternator exceeds a predetermined voltage and a detection signal output by the voltage detection element. 2. The regulator according to claim 1, further comprising a switch element that causes the exciting current from each of the voltage regulators to flow through the second and third exciting windings. 3. The excitation winding drive section detects the temperature of the power generation winding, and the second and third excitation windings when the temperature detection element detects a predetermined temperature. 2. The regulator according to claim 1, further comprising a cutoff circuit that cuts off the exciting currents flowing through the windings.