JPH0583003A - Primary radiator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To output a signal from on square waveguide bonded to a circular waveguide by selecting a desired polarized wave from vertical and horizontal polarized waves inputted to the circular waveguide with respect to the primary radiator for receiving the vertical and horizontal polarized waves. CONSTITUTION:A circular waveguide 2 and a square waveguide 6 are arranged so that their guide axes are in parallel, a probe 3 bent in almost 7-shape is provided perpendicularly to an inner bottom side of the circular waveguide 2, the one end of the probe 3 is prolonged in its lengthwise direction and penetrated through a side wall of the circular waveguide 2 and the square waveguide 6 to be inserted in the inside of the square waveguide 6. Then the inside of the square waveguide 6 is connected to a rotary shaft 5 made of an insulation material and connected to a drive section 7 so as to be coupled with an electric field of an electromagnetic wave inputted to the inside of the circular waveguide 2, the probe 3 generates an electric signal and it is delivered to the inside of the square waveguide 6, and the electromagnetic wave is excited in the square waveguide 6 to output a signal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a primary radiator that receives microwaves transmitted in vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves. Unlike satellite broadcast radio waves that use circular polarization, the radio waves of communication satellites use a linear polarization method.To enable more channels to be transmitted within the same band, vertical polarization waves are used. And horizontally polarized radio waves are used. Therefore, in order to receive vertically polarized and horizontally polarized radio waves with one parabola antenna, a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization is used, and a vertically polarized signal from the primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarization is used. The horizontal polarization signal is extracted and input to each CS converter to receive the radio wave from the communication satellite (CS).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, as shown in FIG. 7, one end of a circular waveguide 2 has a horn-shaped opening 1 into which signals of vertical and horizontal polarizations can be introduced. , The other end is a terminating surface 4, a rectangular waveguide 8 is joined downward to the opening 1 side as a means for outputting a horizontally polarized signal, and a rectangular guide is provided on the terminating surface 4 side as a means for outputting a vertically polarized signal. The waveguide 9 is joined in the horizontal direction, and the vertically polarized signal and the horizontally polarized signal, which are electric fields intersecting each other at right angles, are taken out by the respective rectangular waveguides, and the signals are respectively inputted to the CS converters. Then, signals of vertically and horizontally polarized waves are received.

[0003]

Therefore, the rectangular waveguide 8 is used.
The rectangular waveguide 9 and the rectangular waveguide 9 are joined to the circular waveguide 2 in a direction intersecting each other at right angles. Further, CS converters are attached to the tips of the rectangular waveguide 8 and the rectangular waveguide 9, respectively. However, the output cable from the CS converter is also pulled out in a direction intersecting at a right angle, which makes it difficult to process and difficult to attach to the parabolic antenna. Therefore, one of the rectangular waveguides is joined to the circular waveguide 2 by using a bend (bent waveguide), and the rectangular waveguide in the same direction as that of the other rectangular waveguide 2 is joined. Some converters are used in the same direction, but there are two converters.
There was a problem that I needed one. According to the present invention, one rectangular waveguide is joined to the circular waveguide 2, and a desired one is selected from the vertically polarized waves or the horizontally polarized waves introduced into the circular waveguide 2 to select the rectangular waveguide. It is an object of the present invention to provide a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, which is easy to handle by outputting a signal from a wave tube and which can be received by a single converter.

[0004]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, an opening into which an electromagnetic wave can be introduced at one end. A circular waveguide 2 having a portion 1 and a terminating surface 4 at the other end, and arranged at the lower part of the circular waveguide 2 with its tube axis oriented parallel to the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2. It is composed of a rectangular waveguide 6 and a probe 3 provided perpendicularly to the inner bottom surface of the circular waveguide 2, and the probe 3 is bent into a shape of approximately 7.
One end of the probe 3 is extended in the longitudinal direction to penetrate the side walls of the circular waveguide 2 and the rectangular waveguide 6, and the probe 3 is inserted into the rectangular waveguide 6. The rotary shaft 5 made of an insulating material is internally contacted with the rotary shaft 5 and is connected to a driving unit 7 provided outside the side wall of the rectangular waveguide 6, and the other end of the probe 3 is connected in the longitudinal direction of the probe 3. The probe 3 is rotated about its axis to generate an electric signal in the direction in which the electric field of the electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 can be coupled, and the electric signal is generated by the probe 3 in the rectangular waveguide. The electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the inside of the tube 6 to excite the electromagnetic wave in the rectangular waveguide 6, the signal is output from the rectangular waveguide 6, and the signal is input to the converter. When the probe 3 is rotated and the bent tips of the probe 3 are aligned in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2, the center of the rotation axis of the probe 3 and the axis sandwiched between the bent portions of the probe 3 and the circular shape Waveguide 2
The distance from the end surface 4 of the probe is set to about half the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the probe 3.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 is coupled to the probe 3 to generate an electric signal in the probe 3, and the electric signal is generated in the probe 3 by the above-mentioned structure.
Is transmitted to the inside of the rectangular waveguide 6 to excite an electromagnetic wave inside the rectangular waveguide 6, and a signal is output from the rectangular waveguide 6.
A signal is input to the converter to receive vertically and horizontally polarized signals. FIG. 4 (A)-
(D) is an explanatory view showing a coupling state of the probe 3 with respect to electromagnetic waves, and (A) and (B) are front views of the circular waveguide 2 as seen from the opening 1 side. An axis extending from the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 in the vertical direction (upward direction) is defined as a Y axis, an axis extending in the horizontal direction (leftward direction) from the tube axis in the same is defined as an X axis, and axes extending in opposite directions are defined. -Y axis and-
The X axis (not shown) is used.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, vertically polarized waves having an electric field in a direction parallel to the Y axis are introduced into the circular waveguide 2, and as shown in FIG. It is assumed that horizontally polarized waves having electric fields in parallel directions are introduced into the circular waveguide 2. In FIGS. (A) and (B), the probe 3 is rotated so that the tip end portion bent with respect to the rotation axis of the probe 3 is positioned in the X-axis direction and is parallel to the direction of the electric field. Since the portion of the probe 3 is coupled with the electromagnetic wave to generate a signal current, in the case of FIG. 3A, the signal current Ia is generated at the portion a of the probe 3 shown in FIG. Current Ic is generated, but signal currents Ia and Ic
, The signal current is not output from the probe 3, and as a result, the vertically polarized wave is not coupled to the probe 3. In the case of the diagram (B), the signal current Ib is generated in the portion b of the probe 3 shown in the diagram (D) and flows through the probe 3 as the signal current, so that the horizontal polarization is coupled with the probe 3. ..

FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views showing the coupling state of the probe 3 with respect to the electromagnetic wave, and FIG. 5A shows the propagation state of the electromagnetic wave as seen from the side surface of the circular waveguide 2. The electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 becomes a node at a position half wavelength (λ / 2) away from the end face, becomes an antinode at a position 1/4 wavelength away from the end face, and becomes a node at the end face. Is becoming In the probe 3, the tip portion bent with respect to the rotation axis of the probe 3 is aligned in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2. Therefore, the vertically polarized wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 is As shown in (A), half wavelength (λ
/ 2) At a distance, the direction of the electric field is reversed,
As shown in FIG. 3B, the portions a and c of the probe 3 are parallel to the direction of the electric field and are coupled with the vertically polarized wave. Since the directions of the electric fields are reversed in the portions a and c, for example, the signal current Ia is generated in the portion a and c
The signal current Ic is generated in the portion of (1), and the signal current Ia and the signal current Ic become currents in the same direction and flow through the probe 3, so that the vertically polarized wave is coupled with the probe 3.
In FIG. 7A, the electric field of horizontal polarization is vertical to the paper surface, and the directions of the electric fields of horizontal polarization and the probe 3 are not in a parallel state. It does not become a state of being combined. Therefore, when the probe 3 receives the horizontal polarized wave, the probe 3 is rotated to bring it into the state of FIG. 4B, and when the probe receives the vertical polarized wave, the probe 3 is rotated to bring it into the state of FIG. 5A. , The electromagnetic wave can be coupled to the probe 3, and the electromagnetic wave is excited at a portion of the other end of the probe 3 which is inserted into the rectangular waveguide 6, so that the rectangular waveguide 6 can be horizontally polarized or vertically polarized. A signal corresponding to can be output, and by inputting the signal to the converter, horizontal polarization or vertical polarization can be received.

[0008]

1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a vertical direction (upward direction) from a tube axis of a circular waveguide 2 is shown. The axis going in is the Y axis, the axis going in the horizontal direction (leftward direction) from the tube axis above is the X axis, and the axes going in opposite directions are the -Y axis and the -X axis (not shown) (hereinafter , The same in FIG. 2). Reference numeral 2 denotes a circular waveguide, and one end of the circular waveguide 2 is made into a horn shape to form an opening 1 through which electromagnetic waves can be efficiently introduced into the circular waveguide 2, and the other end is made to reflect the introduced electromagnetic waves. It is the end surface 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a rectangular waveguide, which is arranged below the circular waveguide 2 such that the tube axis of the rectangular waveguide 6 is parallel to the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2. A drive unit 7 is provided below the rectangular waveguide 6. A probe 3 is provided perpendicularly to the inner bottom surface of the circular waveguide 2, and the probe 3 has a shape bent into a shape of approximately 7,
The probe 3 is inserted into the rectangular waveguide 6 by extending the longitudinal direction of one end thereof and penetrating the side walls of the circular waveguide 2 and the rectangular waveguide 6.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.
The long axis in the longitudinal direction and the short axis bent at the tip are arranged so as to be parallel to the Y axis, and the portion sandwiched between the long axis and the short axis is parallel to the X axis and It is possible to rotate about an axis. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1, and as shown in the figure, the probe 3 is in contact with the rotating shaft 5 made of an insulating material inside the rectangular waveguide 6, and the rotating shaft 5 is guided by the rectangular guide. It is connected to a drive unit 7 provided outside the side wall of the wave tube 6 so that the rotary shaft 5 and the probe 3 rotate in conjunction with the rotary shaft of the drive unit 7. The probe 3 may be manually rotated instead of being rotated by using the driving unit 7. Insulation of the penetrating portion between the probe 3 and the side walls of the circular waveguide 2 and the rectangular waveguide 6 is performed by extending the rotating shaft 5 made of an insulating material and inserting the probe 3 into the rotating shaft 5 made of an insulating material. Insulation may be performed as described above, or a bushing made of an insulating material may be used for the penetrating portion. By rotating the other end of the probe 3 which is bent in a short direction about the longitudinal direction of the probe 3, an electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 can be coupled with a desired electric field of the electromagnetic wave.
An electric signal is generated in the probe 3, the electric signal is transmitted to the inside of the rectangular waveguide 6 by the probe 3, and the rectangular waveguide 6
Electromagnetic waves are excited inside, and a signal is output from the rectangular waveguide 6 and input to the converter.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the probe 3 is rotated so that the bent tip of the probe 3 has a circular waveguide 2.
When the probe 3 is aligned in the tube axis direction, the distance between the rotation axis of the probe 3 and the center of the axis b sandwiched between the bent portions of the tip and the end surface 4 of the circular waveguide 2 is set to the same. The probe 3 is shaped and arranged so that it has a length of about 1/2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the probe 3. In FIGS. 1 and 3, reference numerals 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 denote cut lines. When receiving the horizontally polarized wave, the probe 3 is rotated to bring the state of FIG. 4B, and when receiving the vertically polarized wave, the probe 3 is rotated to bring the state of FIG. Can be coupled to the probe 3 and the electromagnetic wave is excited at the portion of the other end of the probe 3 inserted in the rectangular waveguide 6 to support horizontal polarization or vertical polarization from the rectangular waveguide 6. The signal can be output.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention,
One rectangular waveguide joined to the circular waveguide 2 can select one of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization from the communication satellite introduced into the circular waveguide 2 and output the signal. Therefore, it is possible to provide a primary radiator for both vertical and horizontal polarizations, which can be easily handled and can be received by one converter.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

4 (A) to (D) are explanatory views showing a coupling state of the probe 3 with respect to an electromagnetic wave.

5 (A) and 5 (B) are explanatory views showing a coupling state of the probe 3 with respect to an electromagnetic wave.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a primary radiator showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Aperture 2 Circular Waveguide 3 Probe 4 End Surface 5 Rotational Axis 6 Rectangular Waveguide 7 Drive Section 8 Rectangular Waveguide 9 Rectangular Waveguide 15 Notched Line 16 Notched Line 17 Notched Line 18 Notched Line 19 Notched Line 20 Notched Line

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An opening at one end of which electromagnetic waves can be introduced,
A circular waveguide having a terminating surface provided at the other end, and a rectangular waveguide arranged so as to be superposed on the circular waveguide with its tube axis oriented parallel to the tube axis of the circular waveguide, A circular waveguide and a rectangular waveguide which are formed by bending the probe into a shape of a figure 7 and extending the longitudinal direction of one end of the circular waveguide. Insert into the inside of the rectangular waveguide by penetrating the side wall of the waveguide, contact the rotating shaft made of insulating material inside the rectangular waveguide, and put the rotating shaft outside the side wall of the rectangular waveguide. The probe is electrically connected to the provided drive unit, and the other end of the probe is rotated about the longitudinal direction of the probe as an axis so that the probe can be coupled with the electric field of the electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide. A signal is generated and the electric signal is transmitted to the inside of the rectangular waveguide by the probe, By exciting the electromagnetic wave within the waveguide, the primary radiator and outputs a signal from the rectangular waveguide. 2. The center of the axis sandwiched between the rotating shaft of the probe and the bent portion of the tip in a state where the bent tip of the probe is aligned in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide by rotating the probe. And the distance from the end face of the circular waveguide is about 1/2 of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave coupled to the probe.
The primary radiator according to claim 1, wherein the primary radiator has a length of.