JPH0541602A - Primary radiator in common use with circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the primary radiator in common use with a circularly polarized wave and a linearly polarized wave able to receive both radio waves from a satellite employing the circularly polarized wave and the linearly polarized wave. CONSTITUTION:When a circularly polarized wave is received by providing a 1st phase circuit (metal lumps 3, 4) and a 2nd rotary phase circuit (dielectric plate 7) and a square waveguide 9 in this order from an opening 1 using one end of a circular waveguide 2 toward a termination face 5 being the other end of the waveguide 2, the 1st phase circuit converts the wave into a linearly polarized wave, the dielectric plate 7 is directed in a way that the phase between two polarized wave components of the linearly polarized wave is unchanged, the square waveguide 9 outputs a signal, and when a linearly polarized wave is received, the phase difference generated in the 1st phase circuit with respect to the two polarized wave components of the linearly polarized wave is brought into in-phase by turning the dielectric plate 7, one of the vertical polarized waves is outputted from the square waveguide 9 and the dielectric plate 7 is turned so that the phase difference is nearly 180 deg. and the other signal of the linearly polarized wave is outputted from the square waveguide 9.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is a circularly polarized wave capable of receiving both satellite broadcasting (BS) using circularly polarized wave and communication satellite (CS) using linearly polarized wave. And a linear radiator for both linearly polarized waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional BS and CS shared antenna is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1 (A), a BS primary radiator 21 and a CS primary radiator 22 are attached to the same reflector 20 side by side, and the reflector 20 is defocused to make the reflector 2
The primary radiator 21 for BS is located at the focal point of one end of 0, and the primary radiator 22 for CS is located at the focal point of the other end of the reflector 20, so that the orientation of the reflector 20 is different from that of each satellite. It was oriented so that it could receive BS radio waves and CS radio waves.

[0003]

Therefore, there is a problem in that the gain obtained by each primary radiator is lowered because the reflectors are defocused, and two primary radiators are attached to the same reflector. Therefore, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated. The present invention provides a primary radiator that can be used for both BS and CS. As shown in FIG. 11 (B), the primary radiator 24 is arranged at the focal point of the reflector 23 so that when the BS is received, the reflector 23 serves as a broadcasting satellite. Reflector 2 when facing the direction and receiving CS
To provide an economical receiving system having a simple structure and a low price by allowing BS 3 and CS to be received by the same primary radiator 24 by directing 3 toward the communication satellite. With the goal.

[0004]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization, showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. Is an opening 1 through which electromagnetic waves can be introduced, and a circular waveguide 2 having a terminating surface 5 at the other end is fixed in order from the opening 1 side inside the circular waveguide 2 toward the terminating surface 5. 1st phase circuit (metal masses 3 and 4 in FIG. 1) and a rotary 2nd phase circuit (dielectric plate 7 in FIG. 1) are provided, and the 2nd phase circuit and the termination are provided. When circularly polarized electromagnetic waves are introduced by providing an output means (a rectangular waveguide 9 in FIG. 1) for the electromagnetic waves introduced inside the circular waveguide between the surfaces 5,
A signal is taken out from the output means so that the first phase circuit converts the linearly polarized wave and the second phase circuit is rotated so that the phase between two orthogonal polarization components of the linearly polarized wave does not change. When linearly polarized waves are introduced, for either one of the horizontal and vertical polarized waves, it is generated by the first phase circuit between two orthogonal polarization components of the same linearly polarized wave. The phase difference is set as a direction in which the second phase circuit is rotated to be in phase, and a signal is taken out from the output means,
With respect to the other of the linearly polarized waves, the second phase circuit is rotated so that the phase difference becomes about 180 degrees between the first phase circuit and the second phase circuit, and the phase difference is output from the output means. I try to take out the signal.

[0005]

According to the present invention, with the above-mentioned configuration, the broadcasting satellite (BS) using circular polarization and the radio waves of the communication satellite (CS) using linear polarization are circularly polarized and linearly polarized. The shared primary radiator is used to receive and receive. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a circularly-polarized and linearly-polarized primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the axis extending upward from the tube axis is the Y-axis, and the tube The axis extending leftward from the axis is the X axis, and the axes extending in opposite directions are -Y axis and -X.
A shaft (not shown) (hereinafter, the same in FIGS. 2 to 10). Broadcast satellites and communication satellites have different geostationary orbits, so the antennas are directed to the respective satellites at the time of reception, so that circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves enter the primary radiators for both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves at the same time. It never comes.

Therefore, first, the operation at the time of CS reception will be described below. As the phase shifter, as shown in FIG.
A phase circuit (in FIG. 1, metal masses 3 and 4) and a second
Phase circuits (dielectric plate 7 in FIG. 1) are provided in order from the opening 1 side inside the circular waveguide 2 toward the termination surface 5, and FIG. 4 is introduced into the circular waveguide 2. It is an explanatory view showing the electric field distribution of the horizontal polarized wave and the vertical polarized wave. As shown in the figure, the horizontal polarized wave Eh is introduced in a direction that bisects the X axis and the Y axis. And vertical polarization Ev in the direction that bisects the Y axis
Is introduced.

First, a method of outputting signals to the horizontally polarized wave Eh and the vertically polarized wave Ev introduced into the circular waveguide 2 will be described. 5A to 5D are exploded views of the electric field vectors of the horizontal polarization Eh and the vertical polarization Ev at the input / output ends of the phase shifter, and FIG. 5A is the input of the phase shifter of the horizontal polarization Eh. Electric field vector decomposition diagram at the end, (B) is an electric field vector decomposition diagram at the input end of the phaser for vertical polarization Ev, and (C) is a horizontal polarization
An electric field vector decomposition diagram at the output end of the phaser in which the phase of the Y-axis component of the electric field vector of Eh is delayed by 180 degrees,
(D) is an electric field vector decomposition diagram at the output end of the phaser in which the phase of the Y-axis component of the electric field vector of the vertically polarized wave Ev is delayed by 180 degrees.

An exploded view of the electric field vector of the horizontally polarized wave Eh at the input end of the phase shifter is, as shown in FIG. It can be decomposed into an electromagnetic wave having a vector component Ehx in the X-axis direction and a vector component Ehy in the Y-axis direction, and an exploded view of the electric field vector of the vertically polarized wave Ev is
As shown in the figure (B), when the electric field vector of the introduced vertically polarized wave is Ev, it can be decomposed into an electromagnetic wave having a vector component Evx in the −X axis direction and a vector component Evy in the Y axis direction. it can. Horizontally polarized wave Eh shown in FIG.
Using a phase shifter for vertically polarized Ev shown in (B),
When the phase of the Y-axis component of the electric field vector is delayed by 180 degrees, the electric field vector of the horizontal polarization Eh has a vector component Ehx in the X-axis direction and a −Y-axis direction as shown in FIG. Can be an electromagnetic wave having a vector component −Ehy,
The electric field vector of the vertically polarized wave Ev can be an electromagnetic wave having a vector component Evx in the X axis direction and a vector component -Evy in the -Y axis direction, as shown in FIG.

As a means for outputting electromagnetic waves that have passed through the phase shifter, a rectangular waveguide 9 is joined to the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 on the side of the terminal surface 5 as shown in FIG. 1, and as shown in FIG. The center line (not shown) of the rectangular waveguide 9 in the tube axis direction of the rectangular waveguide 9 viewed from the opening of the waveguide 2 has two Y-axis and -X axis.
If the horizontal polarization Eh shown in FIG.
Prevents the phase from changing in the phase shifter (zero phase difference),
The vertically polarized wave Ev shown in (B) is delayed horizontally by the phase shifter by 180 degrees to make the electric field distribution as shown in (D). The signal of the wave Eh or the vertically polarized wave Ev can be taken out.

Next, the operation of the phase shifter will be described. Figure 6
(A)-(D) is explanatory drawing about the effect | action of the phase shifter with respect to linearly polarized wave, (A) and (B) figure has shown arrangement | positioning of the metal mass used for a 1st phase circuit, In the figure (A), the metal masses 3 and 4 are arranged in the vertical direction of the circular waveguide 2, and in the figure (B), the metal masses 11 and 12 are arranged in the horizontal direction of the circular waveguide 2. I am trying. Figures (C) and (D) show the rotated position of the dielectric plate 7 which is rotatable around the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 used for the second phase circuit. Is the vertical orientation, and (D)
The illustration is oriented horizontally. In this phase circuit,
When the electromagnetic waves of horizontal polarization Eh and vertical polarization Ev shown in (A) and (B) are introduced, the phase velocities of the vector component in the X-axis direction and the vector component in the Y-axis direction are , The phase velocity of Ehx is faster than that of Ehy, and Evy
The phase velocity of Evx is faster than that of Evx. In the case of (B), Ehy has a higher phase velocity than Ehx,
Has a faster phase velocity than Evx. In the case of (C), the phase velocity of Ehx is faster than that of Ehy,
The phase velocity of Evx is faster than that of Evx. In the case of (D), Ehy has a faster phase velocity than Ehx, and Evy
Has a faster phase velocity than Evx.

Therefore, if the shape and the length of the metal lump are selected and Ehy is set to be delayed by 90 degrees with respect to Ehx in the case of (A), Evy is also delayed by 90 degrees with respect to Evx. .. In the case of the diagram (B), if Ehy is set to advance 90 degrees with respect to Ehx, Evy also advances 90 degrees with respect to Evx. If the shape and length of the dielectric plate 7 are selected and Ehy is set to be delayed by 90 degrees with respect to Ehx in the case of (C), Evy is also delayed by 90 degrees with respect to Evx. In the case of the diagram (D), if Ehy is set to advance 90 degrees with respect to Ehx, Evy also advances 90 degrees with respect to Evx. In Figures (A) to (D), the center line of the tube axis of the rectangular waveguide 9 viewed from the side of the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2 has a circular shape with the −X axis and the Y axis being bisected. The rectangular waveguide 9 is joined to the waveguide 2, and the signals output to the rectangular waveguide 9 are as follows.

In the case where the first phase circuit is in the state of (A) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (C),

[Table 1]

In the case where the first phase circuit is in the state of (A) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (D),

[Table 2]

In the case where the first phase circuit is in the state of (B) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (C),

[Table 3]

In the case where the first phase circuit is in the state of (B) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (D),

[Table 4] Therefore, although there are two ways of disposing the metal block of the first phase circuit, as shown in FIGS. (A) and (B), regarding the reception of CS, the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization are generated by the rotation of the dielectric plate 7. It is possible to switch and output from the rectangular waveguide 9.

Next, the operation at the time of BS reception will be described below. 7 (A) to 7 (E) are explanatory views of the action of the phase shifter on the circularly polarized waves, and the circularly polarized waves can be regarded as a combination of two orthogonal linearly polarized waves. The circularly polarized waves are circular when the amplitudes of the linearly polarized waves are equal and the phases thereof are deviated by 90 degrees. The circle shown in (A) shows the locus of the electric field vector of the circularly polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave having the electric field vector E in the direction that bisects the X axis and the Y axis is a circular waveguide 2.
, The circularly polarized wave can be represented as an electromagnetic wave having a linearly polarized wave component Ex in the X-axis direction and a linearly polarized wave component Ey in the Y-axis direction. When the linearly polarized wave component Ex lags behind the linearly polarized wave component Ey in phase, the electric field vector E of the circularly polarized wave rotates in the direction of the arrow b to become a left-handed circularly polarized wave, and the linearly polarized wave component Ey becomes a straight line. When the phase lags the polarization component Ex, the circularly polarized electric field vector E rotates in the direction of the arrow a and becomes right circularly polarized wave.

FIGS. 3B and 3C show the arrangement of metal ingots used in the first phase circuit, and FIG. 3B shows the arrangement of metal ingots 3 and 4 in the vertical direction of the circular waveguide 2. And
(C) The figure shows metal blocks 11 and 1 in the left-right direction of the circular waveguide 2.
2 is arranged. Figures (D) and (E) show
It shows a position in which the dielectric plate 7 that is rotatable around the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 used for the second phase circuit is rotated, and FIG. The center line of the direction is in a direction that bisects the X axis and the Y axis, and in (E), the center line in the longitudinal direction of the end surface of the dielectric plate 7 is in a direction that bisects the -X axis and the Y axis. Since neither of the two orthogonally polarized linearly polarized components of the circularly polarized wave is in the propagation state parallel to the dielectric plate 7, the phase change due to the dielectric plate 7 does not occur.
Therefore, it suffices to consider only the operation of the first phase circuit.

In the case where the first phase circuit is in the state of (B) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (D) or (E),

[Table 5]

When the first phase circuit is in the state of (C) and the second phase circuit is in the state of (D) or (E),

[Table 6]

Therefore, depending on whether the plane of polarization of the circularly polarized wave is left-handed or right-handed, the first phase circuit is selectively used depending on whether it is as shown in FIG. (B) or (C). Converting circular polarization to linear polarization by selecting the polarization in Figure (B) and selecting the right polarization in Figure (C). The rectangular waveguide 9 can output the signal converted into the linearly polarized wave. Therefore, receiving satellite broadcast radio waves using circular polarization and communication satellite radio waves using linear polarization with the same primary radiator,
By extracting a signal from the rectangular waveguide 9 and inputting it to a converter, and changing the local oscillation frequency by the converter to select a channel, it becomes possible to receive a satellite broadcast or a radio wave of a communication satellite.

[0021]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for circular polarization and linear polarization, showing an embodiment of the present invention. The circular waveguide 2 has an opening 1 that can be efficiently introduced into the circular waveguide 2.
The other end of which is used as a terminating surface 5 for reflecting the introduced electromagnetic wave, and a fixed first phase circuit and a rotating first phase circuit are sequentially provided inside the circular waveguide 2 from the opening 1 side toward the terminating surface 5. A two-phase circuit is provided. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, a 90-degree phaser composed of metal lumps 3 and 4 is used as the first phase circuit, and the opposing arcs of the upper and lower circular surfaces inside the circular waveguide 2 are flat. The metal lumps 3 and 4 are attached so that the length of the metal lumps 3 and 4 along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 becomes T of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside the circular waveguide 2.
The phase difference between two orthogonal polarization components of E11 mode is 9
The length is set to 0 degrees. The metal blocks 3 and 4 are
Only one of them may be used, but in this case, since it is a 90-degree phase shifter, the circular waveguide 2 of a metal block is used.
It is necessary to increase the length of the pipe in the tube axis direction.

The surfaces of the metal ingots 3 and 4 are substantially flat, but the TE 11 of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside the circular waveguide 2 is formed.
In order to generate a phase difference between two polarization components orthogonal to each other, it is sufficient to provide an inner diameter difference between the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Instead of making the surfaces of the metal ingots 3 and 4 flat. To
The surface may be raised so that the shape of the circular waveguide 2 seen from the opening 1 may be an arc shape, and the shape can be selected depending on the ease of processing. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a 90-degree phaser composed of a dielectric plate 7 is used as the second phase circuit, and the dielectric plate 7 can be rotated about the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2. In this case, the length of the dielectric plate 7 in the longitudinal direction is set so that the phase difference between two orthogonal polarization components of the TE11 mode of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the circular waveguide 2 can be 90 degrees. ..

As a rotating mechanism of the dielectric plate 7, a drive unit 6 is provided outside the end surface 5 of the circular waveguide 2, and a motor or the like is used as the drive unit 6, and it is interlocked with the rotation of the motor. A rotating shaft 8 for rotating is provided at the center of the dielectric plate 7 in the short side direction so that the dielectric plate 7 can rotate about the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2. The shape of the end surface of the dielectric plate 7 in the short side direction is substantially V-shaped, but other shapes may be used as long as they can be matched as a phase circuit. Further, instead of using the drive unit 6, the dielectric plate 7 may be manually rotated. As a means for outputting the electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2, the second
A rectangular waveguide 9 is joined to the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 between the phase circuit and the termination surface 5, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.
As shown in the figure, the center line (not shown) of the metal lumps 3 and 4 directed from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2 toward the tube axis direction and the rectangular waveguide 9 of the circular waveguide 2. The rectangular waveguide 9 is joined so that the center line (not shown) extending in the axial direction forms an angle of about 45 degrees.

FIG. 3A is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. , A 90-degree phaser composed of metal lumps 10 and 11 is used as the first phase circuit, and the arcs on the left and right sides of the circular surface inside the circular waveguide are arranged to be flat. The metal lumps 10 and 11 are attached, and the configuration of the other portions is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. 3 (B) is a front view of FIG. 3 (A), showing center lines (not shown) of the metal lumps 10 and 11 as seen from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2 in the tube axis direction and a rectangular guide. The rectangular waveguides 9 are joined so that the center line (not shown) of the wave guide 9 extending in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 forms an angle of about 45 degrees.

FIG. 8 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for circular polarization and linear polarization, showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 (B) is a front view of the same. It is a figure. Instead of the rectangular waveguide 9 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excitation probe 1
2 is used as a signal extracting means. Probe 12
Is attached to the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 between the second phase circuit and the termination surface 5 as in the case of using the rectangular waveguide 9, and as shown in FIG. A center line (not shown) of the metal lumps 3 and 4 viewed from the opening 1 of the wave tube 2 in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 and a center line of the probe 12 in the tube direction of the circular waveguide 2 respectively. Is attached to the circular waveguide 2 so as to form an angle of about 45 degrees with the center line (not shown). The center line of the probe 12 in the direction of the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 is oriented so as to divide the X axis and the Y axis into two.
A linearly polarized wave having an electric field parallel to the direction that bisects the axis and the Y axis can be converted into an electric signal and output, and like the case where the rectangular waveguide 9 is used, the circular waveguide 2 is provided. A signal can be extracted from the introduced electromagnetic wave.

FIG. 9 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization, showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is used as a phase circuit in FIG. Another phase circuit is used instead of the metal blocks 3 and 4, and the metal plate 1 having a substantially rectangular shape in FIG.
3 and 14 are attached to the inner surface of the circular waveguide 2 and are attached to the centers of the arcs of the upper and lower portions facing each other.
The short sides of 3 and 14 are directed toward the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2, and the lengths of the metal plates 13 and 14 in the longitudinal direction along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 are set to the circular waveguide. The phase difference between the two orthogonal polarization components of the TE11 mode of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside 2 is 90 degrees. FIG. 9 (B) is a front view of FIG. 9 (A). As shown in FIG. 9 (B), center lines (not shown) of the metal plates 13 and 14 seen from the opening of the circular waveguide 2 toward the tube axis direction. ) And the center line (not shown) of the rectangular waveguide 9 in the tube axis direction are about 4
It is arranged so as to form an angle of 5 degrees. The shape of the end faces of the metal plates 13 and 14 in the short side direction is a shape in which a step is provided in the middle, but any other shape may be used as long as matching can be achieved as a phase shifter. Also, the metal plates 13 and 1
4 may use only one of them, but in this case, the length in the long side direction of the metal plate needs to be long in order to set the phase difference to 90 degrees.

FIG. 10 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is used as a phase circuit in FIG. Another phase circuit is used instead of the metal blocks 3 and 4, and a plurality of metal screws 15 and 16 are used in FIG. Are mounted side by side along the tube axis direction at the centers of the arcs of the upper and lower parts of the circular waveguide 2 facing each other so that the tips of the metal screws face the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2. The lengths arranged side by side along the direction are set so that the phase difference between two orthogonal polarization components of the TE11 mode of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside the circular waveguide 2 can be 90 degrees. FIG. 10 (B) is a front view of FIG. 10 (A), and as shown in the figure, a center line (not shown) of the metal screw as seen from the opening of the circular waveguide 2 in the tube axis direction. And the center line (not shown) of the rectangular waveguide 9 extending in the tube axis direction are arranged at an angle of about 45 degrees. Although the rows of the metal screws are the two rows of the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner surface of the circular waveguide 2, it is possible to use only one of the rows, but in this case, the phase difference is 90 degrees. The length of the row of metal screws must be increased in order to adjust the degree. By using the phase circuit shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the same effect as that of the metal ingots 3 and 4 used in FIG. 1 can be obtained. Note that 17 and 18 in FIGS. 1, 8A, 9A, and 10A, and 17 and 19 in FIG. 3A represent cutout lines.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, B
The primary radiators for both circular polarization and linear polarization that are shared for S and CS are used, and the same primary radiator is placed at the focal point of the reflector, and the direction of the reflector is the direction of the broadcasting satellite when receiving BS. In the case of CS reception, BS and CS can be received in the direction of the communication satellite. As in the conventional case, the BS primary radiator and the CS primary radiator are mounted side by side on the same reflector, and the focus of the reflector is adjusted. Shift
The BS primary radiator is arranged at the focal point of one end of the reflector, the CS primary radiator is arranged at the focal point of the other end of the reflector, and the orientation of the reflector is set to the direction of each satellite.
It is possible to provide an economical receiving system having a simple structure and a low price, as compared with a device that receives BS radio waves and CS radio waves.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a circularly-polarized and linearly-polarized primary radiator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 3 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a circularly-polarized and linearly-polarized primary radiator showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (B) is a front view.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing electric field distributions of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization introduced into the circular waveguide 2.

5A to 5D are exploded views of electric field vectors of horizontal polarization Eh and vertical polarization Ev at the input / output ends of the phase shifter.

6A to 6D are explanatory views of the action of the phase shifter on linearly polarized waves.

7 (A) to 7 (E) are explanatory views of the action of the phase shifter on circularly polarized waves.

8A is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circularly polarized light and linearly polarized light, showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectangular waveguide 9 of FIG. 1 is used. This is an example in which the excitation probe 12 is used instead of the above, and (B) is a front view of the same.

9A is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circularly polarized light and linearly polarized light, showing another embodiment of the present invention. Instead of using the metal block of FIG. 1, FIG. This is an example in which a metal plate is used, and (B) is a front view of (A).

10 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization, showing another embodiment of the present invention. Instead of using the metal block of FIG. This is an example in which a metal screw is used, and (B) is a front view of (A).

11A and 11B are explanatory views showing an arrangement of a reflector and a primary radiator, FIG. 11A shows a conventional example, and FIG. 11B shows an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Aperture 2 Circular Waveguide 3 Metal Lump 4 Metal Lump 5 End Surface 6 Driving Part 7 Dielectric Plate 8 Rotation Axis 9 Square Waveguide 10 Metal Lump 11 Metal Lump 12 Excitation Probe 13 Metal Plate 14 Metal Plate 15 Metal Made Screw 16 Metal screw 17 Notched wire 18 Notched wire 19 Notched wire 20 Reflector 21 Primary radiator 22 Primary radiator 23 Reflector 24 Primary radiator

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An opening at one end of which electromagnetic waves can be introduced,
In a circular waveguide having a terminating surface at the other end, a fixed first phase circuit and a rotating second phase circuit are sequentially arranged from the opening side inside the circular waveguide toward the terminating surface. And a means for outputting the electromagnetic wave introduced inside the circular waveguide between the second phase circuit and the terminal surface, and when the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave is introduced, the first phase circuit To convert it into a linearly polarized wave, rotate the second phase circuit, and take out a signal from the output means so that the phase between two orthogonal polarization components of the linearly polarized wave does not change. When introduced, for either one of the horizontal and vertical polarizations, the phase difference generated by the first phase circuit between the two orthogonal polarization components of the same linear polarization, A signal is taken out from the output means in a direction in which the second phase circuit is rotated to be in phase. For the other of the linearly polarized waves, the second phase circuit is rotated so that the phase difference is about 180 degrees between the first phase circuit and the second phase circuit, and the output means A primary radiator for both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves, which is characterized in that a signal is taken out from it. 2. The circular waveguide is oriented so that the output means can be coupled to an electric field of either one of horizontal and vertical polarizations of linearly polarized waves introduced into the circular waveguide. The primary radiator for dual-use circular polarization and linear polarization according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a rectangular waveguide or an excitation probe arranged on the side surface. 3. The first phase circuit comprises a 90-degree phaser made of a metal block, and the metal block is attached such that at least one circular arc of a circular surface inside the circular waveguide is a flat surface. The length of the metal mass along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide is set to TE of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside the circular waveguide.
The phase difference between two orthogonal polarization components of 11 modes is 90
The center line of the metal block in the direction of the tube axis of the circular waveguide as viewed from the opening of the circular waveguide, and the direction of the center of the output means in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide. The primary radiator for dual use of circular polarization and linear polarization according to claim 1, wherein the primary radiator is arranged so as to form an angle of about 45 degrees with the center line. 4. The first phase circuit comprises a 90-degree phaser composed of at least one substantially rectangular metal plate, and a circular waveguide is formed on an inner wall of the circular waveguide in a direction of a short side of the metal plate. Two polarized waves of TE11 mode of electromagnetic waves propagating inside the circular waveguide are orthogonal to each other, and the length of the metal plate along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide is attached so as to face the tube axis. The phase difference between the components is set to 90 degrees, the center line of the circular waveguide of the metal plate in the axial direction of the circular waveguide seen from the opening of the circular waveguide, and the circular waveguide of the output means. The primary radiator for dual circular polarization and linear polarization according to claim 1, wherein the primary radiator is arranged so that the center line of the tube extending in the axial direction of the tube forms an angle of about 45 degrees. 5. The first phase circuit comprises a 90-degree phaser composed of a plurality of metal screws, and is arranged on at least one of the inner walls of the circular waveguide along the tube axial direction of the circular waveguide. Each of the metal screws is attached so that the tip of each metal screw is directed toward the tube axis of the circular waveguide, and the length of the row of the metal screws that are installed side by side along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide is the circular waveguide. The length of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the inside of the tube between the two orthogonal polarization components of the TE11 mode is set to about 90 degrees, and the circular guide of the metal screw viewed from the opening of the circular waveguide is used. The center line of the wave guide in the tube axis direction and the center line of the circular waveguide of the output means in the tube axis direction are arranged at an angle of about 45 degrees. Primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization described. 6. The second phase circuit comprises a 90-degree phaser composed of a dielectric plate, is rotatable about the tube axis of the circular waveguide, and is arranged along the tube axis direction of the dielectric plate. The length is set such that the phase difference between two orthogonal polarization components of the TE11 mode of the electromagnetic wave propagating inside the circular waveguide can be set to about 90 degrees.
Primary radiator for both circular polarization and linear polarization described.