JPH0555808A - Primary radiator to be shared with left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized waves - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shape an antenna with both right-handed and left-handed rotation circularly polarized waves(CPWs) in a primary radiator to be shared with left- handed and right-handed CPWs. CONSTITUTION:A dielectric plate 3 to be rotated around the axis of a circular waveguide 2 is arranged on the aperture part (1) side in the waveguide 2, the length of the plate 3 along the axis direction of the waveguide is set up to length capable of converting a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave into an LPW and a square waveguide 4 is joined with the side face of the waveguide 2 between the plate 3 and a terminal end face 5. A left-handed CPW is converted into an LPW in parallel with the electric field of one of two rectangular LPW components in the CPW by rotating the plate 3 and said LPW signal is extracted from a square waveguide 4. On the other hand, a right-handed CPW is converted into an LPW in parallel with the electric field of the other component out of the two rectangular LPW components in the CPW by rotating the plate 3 LPW signal is extracted from the waveguide 4 and inputted to a converter through the waveguide 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator which can be used by switching between right-handed circularly polarized wave and left-handed circularly polarized wave with one satellite broadcast receiving antenna. The principle of operation can be used on the transmitting side as well, and if used on the transmitting side, it can be used as a primary radiator that radiates right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization. Satellite broadcasting is assigned right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization in terms of effective use of radio waves for each service area, and in Japan, right-handed circular polarization is used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the prior art, there is no single satellite broadcast receiving antenna that can be used by switching between right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization. I had to prepare an antenna.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a parabolic antenna is provided with a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized wave primary radiator, so that the antennas for right-handed circularly polarized wave and left-handed circularly polarized wave are made common. It is possible to reduce the production control cost by standardizing the antenna.

[0004]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. In a circular waveguide 2 having one end as an opening 1 through which an electromagnetic wave can be introduced and the other end provided with a terminating surface 5, a tube of the circular waveguide 2 inside the circular waveguide 2 on the side of the opening 1 is provided. A dielectric plate 3 rotatable about an axis is provided, and the length of the dielectric plate 3 along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 can convert a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave into a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. The linearly polarized wave output means (the rectangular waveguide 4 in FIG. 1) is provided on the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 on the side of the termination surface 5 and the dielectric plate 3 is rotated to form a circle. The left-handed circularly polarized wave introduced into the opening 1 from the output means so as to be parallel to the electric field of one of the two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other. Taking out a signal from a wave from said output means so as to be parallel to the other field of the two linear orthogonal polarized waves of the dielectric plate 3 to circular polarization, the aperture 1
The signal is extracted from the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave introduced in.

[0005]

The present invention converts the circular polarized wave into the linear polarized wave by the above-mentioned structure, and FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator, in which a vertical direction (upward direction) from the tube axis is shown.
Is the Y-axis, and the horizontal direction from the tube axis (left direction)
The axis toward the X axis is the X axis, and the axis toward the opposite direction is -Y
Axis and -X axis (not shown) (hereinafter the same in FIGS. 2 to 6). The dielectric plate 3 is rotated about the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 with respect to the left-handed circularly polarized light and the right-handed circularly polarized wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2 to open the opening of the circular waveguide 2. The rectangular guide provided on the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 on the side of the end surface 5 by converting the right-handed circularly polarized wave into a linearly polarized wave with the longitudinal direction of the end surface of the dielectric plate 3 viewed from 1 parallel to the X axis. As shown in FIG. 2, by outputting a signal from the wave guide 4 and rotating the dielectric plate 3, the longitudinal direction of the end face of the dielectric plate 3 viewed from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2 is parallel to the Y axis. Then, the left-hand circularly polarized wave is converted into the linearly polarized wave and the signal is output from the rectangular waveguide 4.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of circularly polarized waves, which can be regarded as a combination of two orthogonal linearly polarized waves. The amplitudes of these two orthogonally polarized linearly polarized waves are equal and the phase Are polarized by 90 degrees, circular polarization is obtained. The circle shown in FIG. 3 indicates the locus of the electric field vector of circular polarization, and it is assumed that the circular polarization having the electric field vector E is introduced into the circular waveguide 2 in a direction that bisects the X axis and the Y axis. The circularly polarized wave can be represented as an electromagnetic wave having a linear polarization component Ex in the X axis direction and a linear polarization component Ey in the Y axis direction. When the electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the X-axis direction lags the phase of the electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction, the electric field vector E of the circularly polarized wave rotates in the direction of arrow b to become a left-handed circularly polarized wave, When the electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction lags the phase of the electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the X-axis direction, the electric field vector E of the circularly polarized wave rotates in the direction of arrow a and becomes a right-handed circularly polarized wave. Become.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of the operation of the phase shifter using the dielectric plate 3, and are front views seen from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2. Figure 3
If the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave shown in is introduced, the electric field of the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction is
The electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the X-axis direction propagates in the phaser in the direction shown in FIG. The dielectric plate 3 does not affect the phase velocity of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction because the longitudinal direction of the end face of the circular waveguide 2 viewed from the opening 1 is parallel to the X-axis. However, the phase velocity of the linearly polarized wave in the X-axis direction can be reduced. Therefore, if the length of the dielectric plate 3 along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 is set such that the phase of the linearly polarized wave in the X axis direction is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the linearly polarized wave in the Y axis direction. At the position where the electromagnetic wave passes through the phase shifter, the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave introduced into the phase shifter is converted into the linearly polarized wave.
As the signal output means, the rectangular waveguide 4 is arranged such that the center line of the rectangular waveguide 4 in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 is the electric field obtained by combining the electric field in the X-axis direction and the electric field in the Y-axis direction. The linearly polarized signal converted from the rectangular waveguide 4 can be output by arranging the Y-axis and the -X-axis that are perpendicular to each other so as to be bisected.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views of the operation of the phase shifter using the dielectric plate 3, and are front views seen from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2. Figure 3
If the left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave shown in is introduced, the electric field of the left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction is
The electric field of the linearly polarized wave in the X-axis direction propagates in the phaser in the direction shown in FIG. Since the dielectric plate 3 has the end face viewed from the opening 1 in the longitudinal direction parallel to the Y axis,
Does not affect the phase velocity of linearly polarized waves in the X-axis direction,
It is possible to reduce the phase velocity of the linearly polarized wave in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, if the length of the dielectric plate 3 along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 is set such that the phase of the linearly polarized wave in the Y axis direction is delayed by 90 degrees from the phase of the linearly polarized wave in the X axis direction. , At the position where the electromagnetic wave passes through the phase shifter, the left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave introduced into the phase shifter is converted into a linear polarized wave. The rectangular waveguide 4 is used as a signal output means, and the circular waveguide 2 of the same rectangular waveguide 4 is used.
The center line extending in the tube axis direction of is perpendicular to the combined electric field of the electric field in the X axis direction and the electric field in the Y axis direction.
By making the X-axis into two directions, the rectangular waveguide 4
It is possible to output the linearly polarized signal converted from Therefore, by inputting the output from the rectangular waveguide 4 to the BS converter, it becomes possible to receive satellite broadcasts of right-handed circularly polarized waves and left-handed circularly polarized waves. The wave antenna can be shared, and the antenna can be standardized to reduce the production management cost.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a horn-shaped opening for efficiently guiding an electromagnetic wave to the circular waveguide 2, and reference numeral 5 denotes a termination surface 5 for reflecting the electromagnetic wave introduced into the circular waveguide 2. A dielectric plate 3 which is rotatable around the tube axis of the circular waveguide 2 is provided on the side of the opening 1 inside the circular waveguide 2, and the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 on the side of the termination surface 5 is provided. A rectangular waveguide 4 is provided as a means for extracting a signal from the introduced electromagnetic wave. The dielectric plate 3 is used as a 90-degree phase shifter, and the length of the dielectric plate 3 in the longitudinal direction along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 is a circle introduced into the circular waveguide 2. The length of the polarized electromagnetic wave is converted into a linear polarized wave, and the length in the short side direction is set such that both ends do not hit the inner surface of the circular waveguide 2.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a drive unit, which is provided with a rotary shaft 7 that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the motor using, for example, a motor, and is attached to the center of the dielectric plate 3 in the direction of the short side for circular polarization. The dielectric plate 3 can be rotated so as to be parallel to the respective components of the two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other. Alternatively, instead of using the drive unit 6, the dielectric plate 3 may be manually rotated. Dielectric plate 3
Is X in the longitudinal direction of the end surface of the dielectric plate 3 as viewed from the opening 1.
The rectangular waveguide 4 is shown to be parallel to the axis.
Is the end surface 5 side of the circular waveguide 2 such that the center line of the isotropic waveguide 4 in the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide 2 and the −X axis form an angle of about 45 degrees. Is joined to the side of.

In FIG. 2, the dielectric plate 3 shown in FIG.
The figure shows a state in which the longitudinal direction of the end surface of the dielectric plate 3 as viewed from the opening 1 is parallel to the Y axis. As shown in FIG. 1, by making the longitudinal direction of the end face viewed from the opening 1 of the dielectric plate 3 parallel to the X-axis, the right-handed circularly polarized wave is converted into the linearly polarized wave, and the rectangular wave is guided. The linearly polarized signal is output from the wave tube 4, and the opening 1 of the dielectric plate 3 is opened as shown in FIG.
By making the longitudinal direction of the end face as viewed parallel to the Y axis, the left-hand circularly polarized wave is converted into a linearly polarized wave, and the linearly polarized wave signal is output from the rectangular waveguide 4. ..

FIG. 6 (A) is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 (B) is a front view thereof. The excitation probe 10 is used as a signal output means instead of using the rectangular waveguide 4 of FIG. The mounting position of the excitation probe 10 is provided on the side surface of the circular waveguide 2 between the dielectric plate 3 and the end surface 5, and as shown in FIG.
The center line of the circular waveguide 2 of 0 in the tube axis direction is an angle that bisects the X axis and the Y axis, and the electromagnetic wave converted into the linearly polarized wave by the dielectric plate 3 is converted into an electric signal by the excitation probe 10. The electric signal is converted and transmitted to the BS converter. Alternatively, when the mounting angle of the excitation probe 10 as viewed from the front view of the left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiators is set to an angle that bisects the -X axis and the -Y axis, the linear displacement is similarly performed by the dielectric plate 3. The electromagnetic wave converted into a wave is converted into an electric signal, and B
An electric signal can be transmitted to the S converter. Figure 1
In the embodiment, the shape of the end surface of the dielectric plate 3 in the short side direction is substantially V-shaped, but other shapes may be used as long as matching can be achieved as a phase circuit. Further, as the rotating shaft 7, a metal rod or a metal rod covered with an insulator,
Alternatively, a hard dielectric material can be used. 8 and 9 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6
Indicates a notch line.

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiation capable of receiving respective electromagnetic waves by changing the direction of the dielectric plate 3 when receiving left-handed circularly polarized waves and when receiving right-handed circularly polarized waves Can be provided, and by equipping the satellite broadcast receiving antenna with the same primary radiator, the antennas for left-handed circularly polarized waves and right-handed circularly polarized waves can be shared, and standardized antennas are produced. Management costs can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a state in which a dielectric plate 3 of the left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator shown in FIG. 1 is rotated in a vertical direction.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of circular polarization.

4 (A) and 4 (B) are explanatory views of the action of the phase shifter using the dielectric plate 3, and are front views seen from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2.

5 (A) and 5 (B) are explanatory views of the action of the phase shifter using the dielectric plate 3, and are front views seen from the opening 1 of the circular waveguide 2.

6A is a partially cutaway perspective view of a left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a front view thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Opening 2 Circular Waveguide 3 Dielectric Plate 4 Rectangular Waveguide 5 End Face 6 Drive Part 7 Rotation Axis 8 Notch Line 9 Notch Line 10 Excitation Probe

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An opening at one end of which electromagnetic waves can be introduced,
In a circular waveguide having a terminating surface at the other end, a dielectric plate that is rotatable around the tube axis of the circular waveguide is provided on the opening side inside the circular waveguide. The length of the plate along the tube axis direction of the circular waveguide is set to a length capable of converting the circularly polarized electromagnetic wave into the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave, and An output means is provided, and the dielectric plate is rotated so as to be parallel to one of the electric fields of two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other of circularly polarized waves.
A signal is extracted from the left-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave introduced into the opening, and the dielectric plate is made parallel to the other electric field of the two linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other from the circularly polarized wave. A left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized primary radiator, wherein a signal is taken out from the right-handed circularly polarized electromagnetic wave introduced into the opening. 2. The left-handed and right-handed circularly-polarized primary radiator according to claim 1, wherein the output means is a rectangular waveguide or an excitation probe.