JPH0578662A - Stabilizer for surface layer of field - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject treatment agent containing a ferrous salt and a phosphate-based fertilizer, suitable for treatment of the surface layer of a field, especially the surface layer of a sandy slope, capable of stabilizing the surface layer in vegetation process and effective for growth promotion of plants and for improvement of field surface coverage by the plants. CONSTITUTION:The objective treatment agent containing (A) a ferrous salt (preferably ferrous chloride), (B) a phosphate-based fertilizer (e.g. calcium phosphate) and, as necessary, (C) a surfactant (preferably polyacrylamide-based polymer coagulant such as polyacrylamide). As the mixture ratio of the components (A) to (B), the ratio of P in the component (B) to Fe in the component (A) is preferably adjusted to be >=1.2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a stabilizer for the surface layer of soil, especially on the surface of sandy slopes. It is used as a vegetation method to prevent erosion of cut slopes and embankment slopes. Stabilizing the surface layer of the soil for a desired period up to, promoting the growth of plants, and promoting the growth of plants in the vegetation method and improving the soil surface coverage of the soil It is a thing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional erosion preventing construction method for a cut slope, a concrete spraying method or a vegetation method is widely used.
In recent years, the vegetation method has become the mainstream from the viewpoint of cost, landscape problems, and conservation of the natural environment such as the distribution of natural plant groups. By the way, when the vegetation method is applied to the cut slope, the method of using net or soil on the cut slope has been adopted in the past, but in the soil that is easily eroded, the seeds will not be formed before the plants germinate and settle. There is a problem of being leaked.
Also, on the embankment slope, the turf lawn method and the method of spraying seeds are adopted, but especially for sandy slopes, the topsoil layer that is the growth base of vegetation is easily eroded by rainwater, etc.
Therefore, by the time the plant germinates, its seeds are drained,
There is also a problem that plants such as turf mats cannot settle. Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the inventors have developed a surface layer stabilizer for soil containing at least one of ferrous salts and lime-based materials as active ingredients, and We have succeeded in solving the problems and obtaining a surface stabilizing agent for soil that has an extremely excellent surface stabilizing effect. (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-116485) Normally, when constructing a vegetation method, because of the vegetation
Sowing of plants according to soil quality is performed. Said Japanese Patent Application No. 61-
The 116485 soil surface stabilizer is a sandy slope vegetation base that stabilizes the surface layer of soil (especially sandy soil) for a certain period until the seeds of plants germinate and settle. Sufficiently achieve the purpose of preventing erosion of the soil surface layer and ensuring the germination and establishment of plants. However, particularly in the "soil surface treatment agent" according to the above-mentioned patent application (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-116485), when ferrous salts are added, plant growth is slow and the soil surface coverage of the plant is poor. There was a problem.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be solved by the present invention include: (1) promotion of plant growth related to vegetation of a soil surface layer stabilizing agent containing ferrous salts, and (2) surface layer This is to improve the plant coverage on the stabilized surface.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for stabilizing a surface layer of soil containing at least one kind of ferrous salts, wherein phosphate-based fertilizers are used. Or a phosphate-based fertilizer and a surfactant are contained in the soil surface stabilizing agent. ”.

As the first ferrous salt which is the first essential constituent of the present invention, any ferrous salt which is oxidized from ferrous iron to ferric iron and has cementation properties can be used. it can. Specific examples of the ferrous salts include:
In addition to single salts of ferrous iron such as ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate and ferrous nitrate, double salts of ferrous such as Mohr's salt can be used. Although the above-mentioned various first salts have a certain stabilizing effect, ferrous chloride shows the most remarkable effect among the above examples, and Mohr's salt is about 75% to 80% of ferrous chloride. Shows the effect of. In particular, the ferrous chloride exhibits an excellent effect of retaining the water content of the treated soil based on its hygroscopic and deliquescent properties, and thus exhibits the effect of preventing vegetation plants from dying. And
It goes without saying that the ferrous salts as the first essential constituent component according to the present invention include one kind of compound selected from the group of compounds of the various ferrous salts or a mixture of two or more kinds. Yes. The ferrous salt in the soil surface stabilizing agent according to the present invention mainly has an action of increasing the strength of the soil surface layer, and prevents the soil surface layer from being eroded by wind and rain. Further, when the aqueous solution of this ferrous salt is sprayed on the soil, the soil may become acidic, so in order to avoid this, for example, a lime-based material such as slaked lime and a ferrous salt are used as necessary. It is also possible to mix and use almost equal amounts.

The surfactants which are the other constituents in the present invention are a single surfactant selected from various surfactants or a mixture of two or more surfactants. It goes without saying that it is included. on the other hand,
The phosphate-based fertilizers which are the other constituents in the present invention include a single phosphate compound fertilizer (single compound) composed of one type of single phosphate compound, and a single phosphate compound group of these. A mixture of phosphate compound fertilizers containing two or more phosphate compounds selected from the inside (hereinafter, both fertilizers are referred to as "phosphate compound fertilizers"), and one or two types of the phosphate compound fertilizers Including the above and other fertilizer mixed fertilizer (hereinafter referred to as "mixed phosphate fertilizer"),
Further, it goes without saying that it includes a mixture of two or more kinds selected from the group of phosphate compound-based fertilizers and the group of mixed phosphate-based fertilizers.

First, as the surfactants, organic polymer flocculants are particularly suitable. As this polymer flocculant, for example, a polyacrylamide polymer flocculant (polyacrylamide, modified polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate copolymer, partial hydrolyzate of polyacrylamide, etc.) is most suitable. Yes, the ionic nature of this polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant (nonionic,
Whether weak / medium / strong anions or weak / medium / strong cations does not matter. As a commercial product of the polyacrylamide-based polymer flocculant, the trade name "Hiset" manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. or the trade name "Panflock" manufactured by the same company, and the trade name "Cliflock" manufactured by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. Trade name "Diaclear" manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.
Are preferred. The purpose of using these surfactants is to select and sow plants according to the season and soil quality for vegetation during construction, but it is more effective to maintain the slope surface of seeds and fertilizers of the seeded plants mainly. It is used to do.

Next, among the phosphate fertilizers, various phosphates such as calcium phosphate can be used as the single phosphate fertilizer. And, as described above, a compound of a single phosphate or a mixture of two or more kinds of phosphate compounds can be used. Further, it goes without saying that as the mixed phosphate-based fertilizer among the phosphate-based fertilizers, a phosphate-enriched mixed fertilizer obtained by adding the phosphate-based fertilizer to a commercially available mixed fertilizer can be used.

The blending amount, blending ratio, spraying concentration during construction and the like of the above-mentioned respective components in the surface stabilizing agent for soil according to the present invention will be described. First, the principle of the blending amount and blending ratio of each of the above-mentioned constituents in the surface stabilizing agent for soil according to the present invention will be described. In principle, the compounding amount and compounding rate of each component (that is, ferrous salts, surfactants, phosphate fertilizers) in the surface stabilizing agent for soil according to the present invention is not particularly limited. Because
The action and effect of the soil surface stabilizing agent according to the present invention are due to the constituent components themselves of the soil surface stabilizing agent according to the present invention, and the composition of each constituent component in the soil surface stabilizing agent. This is because the amount / blending ratio does not matter, and the blending amount / blending ratio of the stabilizing agent is extremely dependent on the usage / conditions at the time of construction. In addition, the usage / conditions at the time of construction depend on the vegetation plant used, construction season, soil quality, soil particle size, soil moisture, etc. This is because the blending amount / blending ratio of each constituent component is often determined, and the blending amount / blending ratio of each constituent component cannot be uniformly determined. As the conditions for construction, appropriate blending amounts and blending ratios of various constituent components are determined based on the above-mentioned various usages and conditions. Therefore, the blending amount / blending ratio of each constituent component in the soil surface stabilizing agent according to the present invention will be specified by the spraying concentration / working amount of various constituent components during construction, as will be described later. Let's do it. Even in this case, the spraying concentration and the amount of construction during this construction will be appropriately changed depending on the usage and treatment conditions (treatment target and soil condition, condition of soil, number of times, etc.). Each numerical limitation described in 1 does not represent a critical numerical limitation, but merely exemplifies a preferred embodiment. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these numerical values. However, among the problems relating to the compounding ratio of the soil surface layer stabilizer in the present invention, it is effective that the ratio of the amount of phosphorus (P) to the amount of iron (Fe) is 0.1 or more, and further 1. 2 or more is optimal. That is, (P / Fe)
It has been found that when the value of is 1.2 or more, the growth of plants becomes remarkable.

Specific examples of working conditions for the surface stabilization agent for soil according to the present invention will be described for each constituent component. The spraying concentration and spraying amount of ferrous salts (one or more kinds) at the time of vegetation method construction is appropriate depending on the type of plants involved in vegetation, construction time (season), soil quality and soil condition involved in construction, etc. Since it will be changed, it cannot be decided on a uniform basis. In a general case, the spray concentration of ferrous salts can be 0.5% to 2.5%. And about 2 liters to about 10 liters per unit area (per 1 m ² ) can be used as the total spray amount.

Next, the spraying concentration and spraying amount of the surfactants (one or more kinds) at the time of construction of the vegetation method are the same as the ferrous salts, the kind of plants involved in vegetation and the construction time. Since it will be changed as appropriate depending on the (season), the soil quality of the construction, the condition of the soil, etc., it cannot be determined uniformly. In the general case, the spraying concentration of the surfactants may be about 20 ppm to about 150 ppm, particularly preferably about 40 ppm to about 100 ppm. And about 2 liters to about 10 liters per unit area (per 1 m ² ) can be used as the total spray amount.

Further, the spraying concentration and spraying amount of the phosphate fertilizers (one or more kinds) at the time of vegetation method construction are the same as those of the above-mentioned ferrous salts and surfactants.
It cannot be determined uniformly because it will be changed appropriately depending on the type of plants involved in vegetation, construction time (season), soil quality and soil condition involved in construction, and so on. In the general case,
The spraying concentration of the phosphate fertilizers may be determined based on the concentration of the ferrous salts, but when grasped as an independent condition, it is about 0.5% to about 2.5%. % Available. The total spray amount is about 2 liters to about 10 per unit area (per 1 m ² ).
Liters available.

Next, a method for using the surface stabilization agent for soil according to the present invention will be described. An aqueous solution of the surface stabilizing agent for soil according to the present invention is evenly applied to a natural slope or an artificial slope (cut slope or embankment slope). The concentration and spray amount of the treatment agent aqueous solution are determined depending on the soil quality of the slope, the condition of vegetation, the timing of implementation, and the like. In general, it has been found that the larger the compounding ratio (1.2 times or more) of the phosphate fertilizer to the ferrous salt, the greater the growth rate of the plant to be sown. It is considered that this is because when ferrous materials such as ferrous salts are added to the soil, absorption of phosphate fertilizer, which is essential for plant growth, is inhibited. Therefore, the purpose of adding a phosphate-based fertilizer to the surface stabilizing agent of the soil containing ferrous salts, to mitigate the negative effects these ferrous salts have on sown plants on vegetation,
It is for promoting the growth of plants. Furthermore,
In the surface stabilizing agent for soil according to the present invention, the action and effect of a surfactant such as an organic polymer-based condensing agent is
The purpose of the present invention is to dramatically increase the surface coverage of the plant to be sown by making the seeds of the plant to be sown and holding fertilizers more effective.

[0014]

【Example】

[1] Mixing ratio of phosphorus (P) with respect to iron (Fe), and a test example of the situation of plant growth. Test sample: Rice is used as the test plant. (This is because rice is usually used when investigating the growth condition of vegetation plants by experiment.) Test method: (P / Fe) ratio is 0.0 (that is, Fe is added but P is not added). Thing), 0.3, 0.6,
A total of 6 test categories of 0.9, 1.2 and 1.6 are tested. Then, slaked lime in an amount equal to the amount of iron was added to the compounding treatment agent according to each of the above test categories. As a control group, ferrous salt and phosphate fertilizer were not used at all. In addition, ferrous chloride was used as the ferrous salt, and calcium phosphate was used as the phosphate fertilizer.
A 1.0% by weight aqueous solution of the surface stabilizing agent for soil having a ratio according to the above five test categories was added per unit area (1 m
Spray about 1.5 liters (per ² ). By measuring the growth height of rice on the 20th day after sowing, the action / effect of the soil according to the present invention as a surface layer stabilizing agent is determined. Table 1 shows an example of this test result.

[0015]

[Table 1]

[0016] Comparing the case where the ferrous salt is not applied and the case where the stabilizer containing the ferrous salt is applied, the case where the stabilizer containing the ferrous iron is applied is remarkable in terms of stability of the surface layer of the soil. It has already been disclosed that there is a cementation effect and a remarkable soil surface stabilization effect. (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-11
On the other hand, from the results of Table 1, it was found that the growth of vegetation plants in which ferrous iron was sprayed was inhibited in growth compared with those in which ferrous salt was not contained. Suggests. However, when the study is limited to the case where a stabilizer containing ferrous salt is sprayed, the plant growth inhibitory effect of the ferrous salt is reduced in proportion to the content of the phosphate fertilizer, and (P / It has been suggested that when the ratio of Fe) is 1.2 or more, the growth of vegetation plants (rice) surpasses those without ferrous iron.
Moreover, it has been suggested that the growth rate of vegetation plants (rice) increases exponentially when the (P / Fe) ratio is 1.2 or more.

[2] Test example using a mixture of three kinds of ferrous salts + phosphate fertilizer + surfactant (polymer flocculant). Test sample: Grass was used as a test plant. On the other hand, as the test stabilizer, the compounding ratio of ferrous chloride and calcium phosphate was 4: 6, and this 1.0 wt% aqueous solution (ferrous chloride: about 0.4 wt%, calcium phosphate: about 0. 6%,
(Aqueous solution) was added with about 0.4% by weight of slaked lime. On the other hand, an organic polymer-based condensing agent as a sample surfactant [Trademark "Hiset" (main component: polyacrylamide, other: CMC, etc., manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.)]
And a hydrated lime added to a 1.0% by weight aqueous solution of the test stabilizer, and the above-mentioned "HISET" so that the final concentration of the test surfactant "HISET" is 50 ppm to 150 ppm. What was prepared by adding was used. Experimental method: After turfing turf on the surface of the test soil by a conventional method, 1.0 of the soil surface stabilizing agent according to the present invention is used.
A weight% aqueous solution (slaked lime and the above-mentioned aqueous solution of the surfactant to be tested) was sprayed daily at a rate of about 2 to 3 liters per unit area (per 1 m ² ). Area ratio (%) of the coverage of grass on the surface of the test soil 90 days after vegetation construction
Table 2 shows the results (hereinafter referred to as “soil surface coverage”).

[0018]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, it is apparent that the soil surface coverage of vegetation plants (that is, the plants involved in vegetation with respect to the entire treated area are overgrown on the treated soil surface) as an effect of the phosphate fertilizer and the surfactants. It has been suggested that the vegetation plants improve the ratio of the area covered on the treated soil surface.
This suggests that the surfactant (polymer flocculant) establishes the fertilizer and seeds of the vegetation plant, and further promotes germination and growth of the vegetation plant by fertilizing with the phosphate fertilizer.

[0020]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a stabilizing agent for the surface layer of soil, especially for the surface layer of sandy slopes, and is used in the vegetation method used to prevent erosion of cut slopes and embankment slopes. Due to the effect, the soil surface layer is stabilized for a desired fixed period from sowing to germination / fixation, and the effect of the phosphate fertilizer can alleviate the plant growth inhibitory effect of ferrous salts on vegetation. It is possible to provide a soil surface stabilizing agent that can completely eliminate the drawbacks of the monoiron salt-containing stabilizing agent. In addition, retention of plant seeds, fertilizers, etc. that are involved in vegetation by the action of surfactants
The fixing effect can be made more effective and the plant coverage on the treated surface soil can be improved.

Front page continued (72) Inventor Kazuyasu Tanabe 3-3, Nishifukatsu-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima 45-302 (72) Inventor Hitoshi Hamada 3-25 Kibogaoka, Konan-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture 11 (72) Invention Yoshihiro Yamamoto 3 2367 Ikeda, Konan-cho, Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture Futaba Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Eijiro Fukunishi 110-6 Matsumidai, Ikoma City, Nara Prefecture Katsumi Uemura 188 Akasaka-cho, Ogaki City, Gifu Prefecture No. 1 Inside Yabashi Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A surface stabilizing agent for soil containing at least one kind of ferrous salts, which contains phosphoric acid-based fertilizers or phosphoric acid-based fertilizers and surfactants. A surface stabilizing agent for soil, characterized by