CN107363085B - Method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum - Google Patents

Method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum Download PDF

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CN107363085B
CN107363085B CN201710806280.9A CN201710806280A CN107363085B CN 107363085 B CN107363085 B CN 107363085B CN 201710806280 A CN201710806280 A CN 201710806280A CN 107363085 B CN107363085 B CN 107363085B
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desulfurized gypsum
soil
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CN107363085A (en
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张峰举
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Ningxia University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00—In situ

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum, belonging to the technical field of agricultural non-point source pollution treatment and comprising the following steps of measuring the total phosphorus content in soil, and applying desulfurized gypsum, wherein the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is W ═ M × rho × 3.28.28 3.28 × 10‑3) V; w is the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, kg/666.7m2(ii) a M is the total phosphorus content of the soil, mg/kg; rho is the volume weight of soil, kg/m3(ii) a V is the utilization rate of the desulfurized gypsum percent. The regulation and control method can provide a new way for the resource utilization of the industrial flue gas desulfurization gypsum such as fuel oil, fuel gas, fire coal and the like, efficiently prevents and controls the loss of phosphorus element in farmland soil, and provides an effective method for preventing and treating agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution.

Description

Method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural non-point source pollution treatment, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum.
Background
Agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the largest non-point source pollution industries in the world. People have undergone a deepened process of researching agricultural non-point source pollution. In the 60 s of the 20 th century, people discovered that point source pollution in a river basin is effectively controlled when treating eutrophication of water bodies in lakes and gulfs, the water quality of the river basin is not effectively improved but is further deteriorated, and the research result is caused by the harm of agricultural non-point source pollution (pesticides, chemical fertilizers and the like). Globally, 30% to 50% of the earth's surface has been affected by non-point source pollution, which causes 1.44 hundred million hm for agriculture2Arable land degrades to varying degrees. For example, the non-point source pollution in the United states accounts for 2/3 of the total pollution, wherein the contribution rate of the agricultural non-point source pollution is 68-83 percent, and the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements are main pollutants of the agricultural non-point source pollution. In europe, agricultural non-point source pollution is the absolute major pollutant. The 94% nitrogen load and 52% phosphorus load in 270 streams in Denmark are from agricultural non-point source pollution. Reports from world banks indicate that nearly 50% of Chinese groundwater is contaminated by agricultural non-point sources. The cultivated land area of China affected by agricultural non-point source pollution is nearly 2000 kilohm2. In Taihu lake, the nitrogen content of agricultural non-point source is 77% of the total nitrogen content in lake, and the phosphorus content is 33.4%. In the total nitrogen and total phosphorus loads of the open sea of Dian Chi, the agricultural non-point source pollution accounts for 53% and 42%, respectively. ByThus, agricultural non-point source pollution has caused an important aspect of environmental problems in all countries of the world.
The soluble calcium-containing compounds could theoretically be used as soil conditioners to control soil N, P runoff and phosphorus contamination in settling waters. However, in the method for regulating and controlling the P loss in the soil by using the calcium-containing compound in the prior art, the application cost of minerals such as calcium-containing minerals such as natural gypsum, calcium chloride and the like is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for regulating and controlling the loss of phosphorus element in soil based on desulfurized gypsum. The regulation and control method can provide a new way for the resource utilization of the industrial flue gas desulfurization gypsum such as fuel oil, gas, fire coal and the like, has low raw material cost and quick response, effectively prevents and controls the loss of phosphorus element in farmland soil, and provides an effective method for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution.
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the total phosphorus content in the soil, and applying desulfurized gypsum, wherein the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is W ═ (M × rho × 3.28.28 3.28 × 10)-3)/V；
W is the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, kg/666.7m2；
M is the total phosphorus content of the soil, mg/kg;
rho is the volume weight of soil, kg/m3；
V is the utilization rate of the desulfurized gypsum percent.
Preferably, the desulfurized gypsum is used for industrially removing SO in fuel oil, fuel gas and coal-fired flue gas2And desulfurized gypsum produced, CaSO in said desulfurized gypsum4·2H2The content of O is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Preferably, the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is 5-10%.
Preferably, the particle size of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 5 mm.
Preferably, the desulfurized gypsum is modified desulfurized gypsum, and the modification method is to mix 80-90 wt% of desulfurized gypsum with 10-20 wt% of humic acid.
Preferably, the purity of the humic acid is more than or equal to 60 percent.
Preferably, the content of organic matters in the humic acid is more than or equal to 70 percent.
Preferably, the method of application is: manually or by adopting a desulfurized gypsum spreading device, spreading the desulfurized gypsum on the surface of the soil, and mixing the desulfurized gypsum with the soil.
Preferably, the process of applying is synchronized with agricultural farming.
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum. The regulation and control method can obviously change the form of phosphorus, so that the content of the insoluble calcium phosphate salt in the soil is obviously improved, the content of soluble phosphate radical ions in field drainage is obviously reduced, and the regulation and control method can efficiently control the loss of phosphorus in the soil of the farmland without influencing the absorption of phosphorus by plants. The regulation and control method can provide a new way for the resource utilization of the industrial flue gas desulfurization gypsum such as fuel oil, gas, fire coal and the like, has low raw material cost and quick response, effectively prevents and controls the loss of phosphorus element in farmland soil, and provides an effective method for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the total phosphorus content in the soil, and applying desulfurized gypsum, wherein the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is W ═ (M × rho × 3.28.28 3.28 × 10)-3)/V；
W is the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, kg/666.7m2；
M is the total phosphorus content of the soil, mg/kg;
rho is the volume weight of soil, kg/m3；
V is the utilization rate of the desulfurized gypsum percent.
In the invention, the desulfurized gypsum is used for industrially removing SO in fuel oil, fuel gas and coal-fired flue gas2And desulfurized gypsum produced, CaSO in said desulfurized gypsum4·2H2The content of O is more than or equal to 90 percent.
In the invention, the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is 5-10%. The effect of controlling the water content of the desulfurized gypsum in the invention is to reduce the viscosity of the material. The method for regulating and controlling the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is not particularly limited, and the method for drying the desulfurized gypsum, which is well known to a person skilled in the art, can be adopted, for example, the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is reduced to 5-10% by stacking and natural air drying.
In the invention, the grain size of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 5 mm. In the present invention, the effect of controlling the particle size of the desulfurization gypsum to 5mm or less is to increase the contact area between the desulfurization gypsum and the soil particles and to improve the solubility of the desulfurization gypsum. The method for controlling the particle size of the desulfurized gypsum is not particularly limited, and the desulfurized gypsum is preferably obtained by mechanically or manually smashing large particles and sieving the smashed large particles.
In the invention, the desulfurized gypsum is preferably modified desulfurized gypsum, and the modification method is to mix 80-90 wt% of desulfurized gypsum with 10-20 wt% of humic acid. According to the invention, the desulfurized gypsum is mixed with the humic acid, so that the solubility and the adsorbability of the desulfurized gypsum can be improved. In the present invention, the purity of the humic acid is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 80% or more. In the present invention, the content of organic matter in the humic acid is preferably not less than 70%, more preferably not less than 75%.
In the present invention, the application method is: manually or by adopting a desulfurized gypsum spreading device, spreading the desulfurized gypsum on the surface of the soil, and mixing the desulfurized gypsum with the soil. The mixing method is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a method of mixing the fertilizer and the soil, which is well known to those skilled in the art, may be used, for example, a method of mixing desulfurized gypsum with a farm land farming tool such as a plow, a rake, or a leveler. The mixing depth is preferably 0-20 cm, and more preferably 10-15 cm.
In the present invention, the application process is synchronized with agricultural farming. Specifically, the desulfurized gypsum of the invention is preferably applied synchronously with the process of applying farmyard manure, animal manure, chemical fertilizer or the process of returning straw to field.
The method for regulating and controlling the loss of phosphorus in soil based on desulfurized gypsum according to the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, and the technical solutions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is used for irrigating farmlands in certain areas in the north of China and in coal-fired power plants in nearby coal chemical bases, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) and calculating the application amount of the desulfurization gypsum according to the total phosphorus content of the soil to be tested, and treating the soil according to 5 different application amounts of the desulfurization gypsum according to test design, wherein the specific application amount is shown in table 1.
(2) Stacking the desulfurized gypsum with the water content of 25 percent to ensure that the natural air-dried free water content is less than 10 percent, manually beating and crushing the desulfurized gypsum and sieving the desulfurized gypsum by a 0.5cm sieve.
(3) Manually and uniformly applying the desulfurized gypsum on the ground surface at one time, mechanically rotary tillage and deep ploughing to fully and uniformly mix the desulfurized gypsum with 20cm of soil. Irrigating for 1 time at a rate of 100 square/666.7 m2And sowing the oil sunflower after drying.
(4) The sowing quantity of the oil sunflower is 0.5kg/667m2The row spacing is 50cm, and the plant spacing is 30 cm. Irrigating oil sunflower in whole growth period for 3 times, each time at a ratio of 80 formula/666.7 m2And each district is irrigated in a single row and single mode.
(5) After oil sunflower is harvested, soil Ca is determined by a method for determining inorganic phosphorus in Jiangban calcareous soil by classification2-P、Ca8-P、Ca10-P, Fe-P, Al-P, O-P, total P and quick-acting P determined by molybdenum antimony colorimetric method.
Compared with the control, the method reduces the quick-acting phosphorus content of the soil by 3.9-17.2 percent, reduces the organic phosphorus content by 5.0-35.0 percent and improves the inorganic phosphorus by 4.0-30.9 percent by applying the desulfurized gypsum, and the change sequence of the increase of the average content of various forms of inorganic phosphorus in the soil is Ca2-P>Ca8-P>Fe-P>O-P>Al-P>Ca10-P。
TABLE 1 Effect of different application amounts of desulfurized Gypsum on the phosphorus content of different forms in the soil
Figure BDA0001402787450000041
Example 2:
the embodiment is carried out in a certain farm rice field demonstration area in Pinlo county of Shizu mountain City of Hui nationality of Ningxia province in China, and natural gas flue gas desulfurization gypsum of a certain nearby fertilizer plant is used, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
(1) the application amount of the desulfurization gypsum is calculated to be 1.5 ton/666.7 m according to the total phosphorus content of the soil to be tested2。
(2) After the fresh flue gas desulfurization gypsum with the water content of 18 percent is stacked for 26 days, the free water content in the desulfurization gypsum is reduced to 9 percent, and CaSO4·2H2The O content reaches 91 percent.
(3) According to the proportion of desulfurized gypsum: humic acid (purity of 61%) is mixed and stirred uniformly according to the weight ratio of 9: 1.
(4) After land is prepared by a laser land leveling instrument, desulfurization gypsum is uniformly spread on the ground surface by a desulfurization gypsum spreading machine.
(5) The granular fertilizer spreading machine applies chemical fertilizer in strips, and then the ploughing and farming are carried out to mix the desulfurized gypsum, the fertilizer and the soil.
(6) The water layer is reserved by irrigation and rice is sown in a broadcast sowing mode. Collecting soil samples in a demonstration area and water samples drained outside a rice field in a rice growing period, and respectively determining the morphological composition of soil phosphorus and the content of total phosphorus drained.
By implementing the method, the quick-acting phosphorus content of the demonstration field applied with the desulfurized gypsum is reduced by 20.5 percent compared with the control soil, the inorganic phosphorus is improved by 24.6 percent, the total phosphorus content of field drainage is reduced by 82 percent, and the rice yield is improved by 8.6 percent.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for regulating and controlling soil phosphorus element loss based on desulfurized gypsum comprises the following steps:
measuring the total phosphorus content in the soil, and applying desulfurized gypsum;
the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum is W ═ M × rho ×3.28×10-3)/V；
W is the application amount of the desulfurized gypsum, kg/666.7m2；
M is the total phosphorus content of the soil, mg/kg;
rho is the volume weight of soil, kg/m3；
V is the desulfurized gypsum utilization ratio,%;
the water content of the desulfurized gypsum is 5-10%;
the desulfurization gypsum is modified desulfurization gypsum, and the modification method comprises the steps of mixing 80-90 wt% of desulfurization gypsum with 10-20 wt% of humic acid;
the grain size of the desulfurized gypsum is less than or equal to 5 mm;
the purity of the humic acid is more than or equal to 60 percent; the content of organic matters in the humic acid is more than or equal to 70 percent.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the desulfurized gypsum is used for removing SO from fuel oil, fuel gas and coal-fired flue gas in industry2And desulfurized gypsum produced, CaSO in said desulfurized gypsum4·2H2The content of O is more than or equal to 90 percent.
3. The method of regulating as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of applying is: manually or by adopting a desulfurized gypsum spreading device, spreading the desulfurized gypsum on the surface of the soil, and mixing the desulfurized gypsum with the soil.
4. A method of conditioning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the process of applying is synchronized with agricultural farming.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103071671A (en) * 2013-02-01 2013-05-01 江苏省农业科学院 Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution of dry land

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103071671A (en) * 2013-02-01 2013-05-01 江苏省农业科学院 Method for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution of dry land

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Decreasing Phosphorus Loss in Tile-Drained Landscapes Using Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum";King KW etc.;《Journal of Environmental Quality》;20160930;第45卷(第5期);第1722-1730页 *
"Influence of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum on Reducing Soluble Phosphorus in Successive Runoff Events from a Coastal Plain Bermudagrass Pasture";Dexter B. Watts etc.;《Journal of Environmental Quality》;20160304;第45卷(第3期);第1071-1079页 *
脱硫石膏与腐殖酸改良盐碱土的效果研究;岳殷萍等;《内蒙古科技与经济》;20160730(第14期);第85-89页 *

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