JPH0575389B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0575389B2
JPH0575389B2 JP3813685A JP3813685A JPH0575389B2 JP H0575389 B2 JPH0575389 B2 JP H0575389B2 JP 3813685 A JP3813685 A JP 3813685A JP 3813685 A JP3813685 A JP 3813685A JP H0575389 B2 JPH0575389 B2 JP H0575389B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
perilla
pigment
culture
light
wavelength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP3813685A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61195688A (en
Inventor
Shinsuke Oota
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KINJIRUSHI WASABI KK
Original Assignee
KINJIRUSHI WASABI KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KINJIRUSHI WASABI KK filed Critical KINJIRUSHI WASABI KK
Priority to JP3813685A priority Critical patent/JPS61195688A/en
Publication of JPS61195688A publication Critical patent/JPS61195688A/en
Publication of JPH0575389B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0575389B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は梅干しなどの食品の着色に利用される
シソ色素の生産方法に係り、特にカルス誘導培養
の際に波長190乃至500nmの光を照射することに
よりシソ色素を高収量生産し得るシソ色素の生産
方法に関する。 〔従来の技術〕 従来、シソ植物の細胞培養に関する研究はいく
つか行われているが、それらはいずれも香気成分
などに関するものであつて、シソ色素の生産に関
するものは存在せず、特に高含有量のシソ色素を
培養する方法は皆無である。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 食品の着色に関し、合成着色料、特にタール系
着色料は、近年、各種食品添加物の中でも毒性に
問題があり、その使用は厳しく制限されてきてお
り、それに伴い天然着色料に対する需要が増加し
つつある。しかし、これらの原料となる天然の植
物資源は、現在世界的に不足の傾向がつづいてい
る。この解決策の一つとしてバイオテクノロジー
技術の1つである植物細胞培養の利用が検討され
ている。 本発明の目的は前記実情に鑑み、梅干しなどの
食品の着色に利用されるシソ色素を高収量で培養
し得るシソ色素の生産方法を提供することにあ
る。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 前述の目的を達成するため、本発明によれば、
赤ジソ植物を植物ホルモンの含まれた培地で波長
190乃至500nmの光の照射下カルス誘導培養して
シソ色素生成培養株を生成し、この培養株をさら
に増殖培養してシソ色素を得ることを特徴とす
る。 前述の本発明方法は大別すると、カルス誘導培
養工程ならびに増殖培養工程の二工程からなる。
以下、本発明を前記工程別に詳述する。 カルス誘導培養工程 まず、植物材料として赤ジソの成熟した葉、種
子、茎等が挙げられるが、特に色の濃い葉を用い
ることが好ましい。このような赤ジソ植物をま
ず、消毒して無菌状態とする。消毒は例えば、植
物材料を消毒用エチルアルコール中に数秒間浸漬
した後滅菌水で洗浄し、次いでその後サラシ粉ろ
液に適当な時間浸漬した後、前述と同様に滅菌水
で洗浄する等、各種の方法で行う。 このような無菌植物材料を次いで、2乃至3cm
径の小片に切断し、この切断片を培地上に置床
し、波長190乃至500nmの光を照射して25℃の温
度で約4週間ほど培養する。前記培地は公知の適
当な基本培地に少量の植物ホルモン、例えばα−
ナフタレン酢酸(α−NAA)あるいはカイネチ
ン等の植物ホルモンを含有させたものである。ま
た、前記光は青色光(波長450乃至500nm)、藍色
光(波長410乃至450nm)、紫色光(波長380乃至
410nm)、近紫外域(波長350乃至480nm)、また
は紫外域(波長190乃至380nm)であつて、有効
波長範囲が190乃至500nmの波長のものである。 4週間の培養の後、それぞれの切断片からカル
ス組織が誘導され、その組織中に赤紫色を呈する
シソ色素生成細胞塊を得る。(カルス誘導工程)。 次いで、前記シソ色素生成細胞塊のうち、特に
色の濃い部分を選んで再度培養し、この操作を所
望の回数繰り返して色素濃度の高いシソ色素生成
培養株を得る。(細胞選抜工程)。 このときの培養方法は前述のカルス誘導工程と
同じであつてもよく、その他の公知の方法を採用
しても構わない。 また、前述の光照射はカルス誘導工程あるいは
細胞選抜工程のいずれか一方、あるいは両者で行
なつてもよい。 増殖培養工程 前述のカルス誘導工程で得られたシソ色素生成
培養株をさらに前述とほぼ同様な培地に接種し、
25℃の温度で30乃至35日培養し、増殖した塊状の
シソ色素を得る。この際、光の照射は任意である
が、望ましくは前述の波長の光を照射して培養す
る方がよい。 なお、このシソ色素を例えば0.1%メタノール
塩酸抽出液に適当な時間浸漬し、次いでろ過し、
高純度のシソ色素含有液とすることもできる。 シソ色素の確認は例えば前記含有液の減圧濃縮
物についてペーパークロマトグラフイー(ppc)
を用い、アントシアニン(シソ色素)を確認する
ことにより行うことができる。 〔実施例〕 赤ジソの成熟した植物体の葉を数枚、消毒用エ
チルアルコール中に数秒間浸漬して消毒した後滅
菌水で3回洗浄した。次いで8%サラシ粉ろ液に
30〜40分間浸漬して再度消毒し、その後、前述と
同様に滅菌水で3回洗浄した。このようにして調
整した上記無菌葉を、滅菌したハサミ或いはメス
2〜3cm径の小片に切断した。この切断片の5〜
6片を10ppm α−ナフタレン酢酸(α−NAA)
と2ppmカイネチン(いずれも植物ホルモン)を
含む基本培地(100ml三角フラスコ中に40ml注入)
に置床し、25℃の温度で青色光(主として450〜
500nmの波長を含む青色螢光灯の光。以下「カル
ス誘導に用いられる光」という。)の照射下、4
週間培養した。この基本培地はMurashige &
Skoogの無機塩、0.5ppmニコチン酸、0.5ppmチ
アミン塩酸塩、0.5ppmピリドキシン塩酸塩、
100ppmイノシトール、3%シヨ糖及び0.9%寒天
からなり、PHを6.0に調整して使用した。 4週間後、それぞれの切断片からカルス組織が
誘導され、その組織中に赤紫色を呈する部分(シ
ソ色素生成細胞塊)が確認された。(カルス誘導
工程)。 前記シソ色素生成細胞塊のうち、特に色の濃い
部分を選び、微粒状に粉砕して試験管中の滅菌水
に充分懸濁させたのち、滅菌ピペツトにて約1ml
ずつシヤーレー中の培地に均一に散布し、前述と
同様に再度培養した。このときの培地は前記基本
培地に1.0ppmのα−NAAと2.0ppmカイネチン
を添加したものを用いた。この操作を数回繰り返
して色素濃度の高いシソ色素生成培養株を得た。
(細胞選抜工程)。 前記のようにして得たシソ色素生成培養株を、
さらに1.0ppmのα−NAA及び2.0ppmのカイネ
チンを含む前記基本培地を40ml注入した100ml三
角フラスコに接種し、前述と同じ青色光の照射
下、および暗所下25℃で32日間培養し、増殖した
塊状のシソ色素を得た。(増殖工程)。 この色素を0.1%メタノール塩酸中に1昼夜浸
漬し、ろ過し、高純度のシソ色素含有液を得た。 なお、参照例として、前記青色光に代えて昼光
色光(主として580nmの波長を含む昼光色螢光灯
からの光)を用い、その他は前述と同様にしてシ
ソ色素を得る実験も行つた。 得られた各種シソ色素を用いて、シソ色素含量
(アントシアニン含量)を測定し、結果を表1に
示した。 この測定は試料を0.1%メタノール塩酸に浸漬
し、この抽出液の525nm波長におけるOD(光学的
密度)をスペクトロホトメーター(Shimazu
Spectronic 70)にて測定し、アントシアニン量
をシアニジン−3,5−ジグルコシドとして計算
した。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for producing perilla pigment used for coloring food products such as pickled plums, and in particular, it enhances perilla pigment by irradiating light with a wavelength of 190 to 500 nm during callus induction culture. The present invention relates to a method for producing perilla pigment that can be produced in high yield. [Prior art] Several studies have been conducted on cell culture of perilla plants, but all of them are related to aroma components, etc., and none are related to the production of perilla pigments, especially those with high content. There is no method for culturing a large amount of perilla pigment. [Problems to be solved by the invention] Regarding food coloring, synthetic coloring agents, especially tar-based coloring agents, have recently been problematic in terms of toxicity among various food additives, and their use has been severely restricted. Accordingly, the demand for natural colorants is increasing. However, the natural plant resources that serve as raw materials for these products continue to be in short supply worldwide. As one solution to this problem, the use of plant cell culture, which is a type of biotechnology, is being considered. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing perilla pigment, which can be used to color foods such as pickled plums and can be cultured in high yield. [Means for solving the problem] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention,
The wavelength of red perilla plants is grown in a medium containing plant hormones.
It is characterized in that callus is induced and cultured under irradiation with light of 190 to 500 nm to produce a perilla pigment-producing culture strain, and this culture strain is further grown and cultured to obtain perilla pigment. The method of the present invention described above can be roughly divided into two steps: a callus induction culture step and a proliferation culture step.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail for each step. Callus induction culture step First, plant materials include mature leaves, seeds, stems, etc. of Red Perilla, and it is particularly preferable to use dark-colored leaves. First, such red perilla plants are disinfected to make them sterile. Disinfection can be carried out in various ways, such as by immersing the plant material in disinfectant ethyl alcohol for a few seconds, then washing it with sterile water, then immersing it in the Sarashi powder filtrate for an appropriate period of time, and then washing it with sterile water in the same manner as described above. This method is used. Such sterile plant material is then spread in 2 to 3 cm
The cut pieces are placed on a medium, irradiated with light having a wavelength of 190 to 500 nm, and cultured at a temperature of 25° C. for about 4 weeks. The medium is a known suitable basic medium containing a small amount of a plant hormone, such as α-
It contains plant hormones such as naphthalene acetic acid (α-NAA) or kinetin. The light may include blue light (wavelength 450 to 500 nm), indigo light (wavelength 410 to 450 nm), and violet light (wavelength 380 to 450 nm).
410 nm), near ultraviolet region (wavelength 350 to 480 nm), or ultraviolet region (wavelength 190 to 380 nm), with an effective wavelength range of 190 to 500 nm. After 4 weeks of culture, a callus tissue is induced from each cut piece, and a mass of perilla pigment-producing cells exhibiting a reddish-purple color is obtained in the tissue. (Callus induction process). Next, a particularly darkly colored part of the perilla pigment-producing cell mass is selected and cultured again, and this operation is repeated a desired number of times to obtain a perilla pigment-producing culture strain with a high pigment concentration. (Cell selection process). The culture method at this time may be the same as the callus induction step described above, or other known methods may be employed. Further, the above-mentioned light irradiation may be performed in either the callus induction step or the cell selection step, or both. Propagation culture step: The perilla pigment-producing culture strain obtained in the above-mentioned callus induction step is further inoculated into a medium almost the same as above,
Cultivate for 30 to 35 days at a temperature of 25°C to obtain a proliferated mass of perilla pigment. At this time, the irradiation with light is optional, but it is preferable to irradiate the culture with light of the above-mentioned wavelength. In addition, this perilla pigment is immersed in, for example, a 0.1% methanol-hydrochloric acid extract for an appropriate period of time, and then filtered.
It can also be a highly pure perilla pigment-containing liquid. To confirm the presence of perilla pigment, for example, paper chromatography (ppc) is performed on the vacuum concentrate of the above-mentioned liquid.
This can be done by checking the anthocyanin (perilla pigment). [Example] Several leaves of a mature plant of Red Perilla were disinfected by immersing them in disinfectant ethyl alcohol for a few seconds, and then washed three times with sterile water. Next, add 8% salashi powder filtrate.
It was immersed for 30 to 40 minutes to be disinfected again, and then washed three times with sterile water in the same manner as above. The sterile leaves thus prepared were cut into small pieces with a diameter of 2 to 3 cm using sterile scissors or a scalpel. 5~ of this cut piece
6 pieces of 10ppm α-naphthalene acetic acid (α-NAA)
and 2 ppm kinetin (both plant hormones) in a basal medium (40 ml injected into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask)
Place it on the floor at a temperature of 25℃ and use blue light (mainly 450~
Blue fluorescent light containing a wavelength of 500 nm. Hereinafter, this will be referred to as "light used for callus induction." ) under irradiation, 4
Cultured for a week. This basic medium is Murashige &
Skoog inorganic salts, 0.5ppm nicotinic acid, 0.5ppm thiamine hydrochloride, 0.5ppm pyridoxine hydrochloride,
It consisted of 100 ppm inositol, 3% sucrose, and 0.9% agar, and was used with the pH adjusted to 6.0. After 4 weeks, callus tissue was induced from each cut piece, and a reddish-purple area (perilla pigment-producing cell mass) was confirmed in the tissue. (Callus induction process). Select a particularly dark part of the perilla pigment-producing cell mass, grind it into fine particles, thoroughly suspend it in sterile water in a test tube, and use a sterile pipette to remove about 1 ml.
The mixture was evenly dispersed onto the medium in a Shearley, and cultured again in the same manner as described above. The medium used at this time was the basic medium to which 1.0 ppm α-NAA and 2.0 ppm kinetin were added. This operation was repeated several times to obtain a perilla pigment-producing culture strain with high pigment concentration.
(Cell selection process). The perilla pigment-producing culture strain obtained as described above was
Furthermore, it was inoculated into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask filled with 40 ml of the above basal medium containing 1.0 ppm α-NAA and 2.0 ppm kinetin, and cultured for 32 days at 25°C in the dark and under the same blue light irradiation as described above to proliferate. A lump-like perilla pigment was obtained. (Proliferation process). This dye was immersed in 0.1% methanol-hydrochloric acid for one day and night, and filtered to obtain a highly pure perilla dye-containing liquid. As a reference example, an experiment was also conducted in which perilla pigment was obtained in the same manner as described above, except that daylight color light (light from a daylight color fluorescent lamp containing mainly a wavelength of 580 nm) was used instead of the blue light. Using the obtained various perilla pigments, the perilla pigment content (anthocyanin content) was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. For this measurement, the sample is immersed in 0.1% methanol-hydrochloric acid, and the OD (optical density) of this extract at a wavelength of 525 nm is measured using a spectrophotometer (Shimazu).
The amount of anthocyanin was calculated as cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

前述のとおり、本発明方法によれば、カルス誘
導培養を波長190乃至500の光の照射下で行つたか
ら、高含有量のシソ色素が得られ、食品の天然着
色料として実用上極めて有用である。
As mentioned above, according to the method of the present invention, callus induction culture is carried out under the irradiation of light with a wavelength of 190 to 500, so that a high content of perilla pigment can be obtained, which is extremely useful in practice as a natural food coloring agent. be.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 赤ジソ植物を植物ホルモンの含まれた培地で
波長190乃至500nmの光の照射下カルス誘導培養
してシソ色素生成培養株を生成し、この培養株を
さらに増殖培養してシソ色素を得ることを特徴と
するシソ色素の生産方法。
1. A callus-inducing culture of a red perilla plant under irradiation with light with a wavelength of 190 to 500 nm in a medium containing plant hormones to produce a perilla pigment-producing culture strain, and this culture strain is further propagated and cultured to obtain a perilla pigment. A method for producing perilla pigment characterized by:
JP3813685A 1985-02-27 1985-02-27 Production of beefsteak plant pigment Granted JPS61195688A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3813685A JPS61195688A (en) 1985-02-27 1985-02-27 Production of beefsteak plant pigment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3813685A JPS61195688A (en) 1985-02-27 1985-02-27 Production of beefsteak plant pigment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61195688A JPS61195688A (en) 1986-08-29
JPH0575389B2 true JPH0575389B2 (en) 1993-10-20

Family

ID=12517012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3813685A Granted JPS61195688A (en) 1985-02-27 1985-02-27 Production of beefsteak plant pigment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61195688A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6436337B2 (en) * 2014-09-18 2018-12-12 二村 芳弘 Quercetin derivative exhibiting elastin producing action and method for producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61195688A (en) 1986-08-29

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