JPH0574554B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to ceramic tiles used in buildings, and particularly to a method for manufacturing ceramic tiles whose glazed surface has a pattern of uneven spots. [Prior Art] In recent years, there has been remarkable progress in the design of buildings and their interiors. For example, many products with various decorative patterns on the glazed surface of tiles are now on the market. For example, colored particles such as minerals of different types, colors, particle sizes, melting temperatures, etc. are sprinkled on the base material and fired (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1989-1999).
118661), a method in which colored granulated particles are mixed with raw material powder, compression molded and then fired (JP-A-55-47267), a method for applying glazes is specifically described, such as applying multiple glazes in spots. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-68823)
No., JP-A-55-80786, JP-A-61-21990)
Various methods are known, but as can be seen from the descriptions in these patent application publications, many of them require complicated steps to obtain the desired pattern. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, as mentioned above, the manufacturing technology for decorative tiles requires multiple complicated steps and is not efficient, so it cannot be directly applied to the manufacturing of other ceramic products. Nakatsuta. In particular, regarding ceramic tiles, (1) Unlike tiles, the glazing method used in the manufacturing process is a vertical pouring method, so the upper layer is glazed while sand or lump-like particles are attached to the base with adhesive. In other words, if the particles are not adhered very strongly, they will fall off. (2) The method of kneading colored particles into the base material is difficult because it imposes a large burden on the cost of ceramic tiles. (3) Although the method of providing multiple glazing processes is quite realistic, it is complicated as described above and requires modification of the current manufacturing process. The current situation is that excellent decorative tiles have not yet been realized due to the demands and differences caused by manufacturing methods and uses.However, on the other hand, this tile has a decorative effect of being smooth and glossy due to the glaze on the surface. However, this becomes a problem during and after construction, and it is slippery and dangerous, resulting in accidents that may result in the death of workers. The present inventors paid attention to these points, made intensive studies to solve them, established for the first time a method for producing this type of ceramic tile having an uneven pattern, and arrived at the present invention. [Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the method of the present invention includes a glaze having a viscosity of 0.45 poise to 9.8 poise at 15°C, which has been adjusted in advance.
One or more precipitants selected from the group consisting of mica, ALC, pumice, shirasu, isolite, syamoto, cervene, mullite, silica, aplite, and alumina with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 1.9 and a particle size of 10 mesh to 120 mesh. A ceramic tile having an uneven spotted pattern is manufactured by suspending particles without porcelain, applying a glaze containing the particles to the surface of a ceramic base tile, and then firing the ceramic tile. First, when selecting particles to be suspended in the glaze, considering that the main glazing process is a vertical pouring method, particles suspended in the glaze will separate and settle during use and storage. It is important to adopt conditions that will prevent this from occurring. However, on the other hand, if the particles are too small, it will be difficult to precipitate in the glaze, but the smaller the particle size, the smaller the spots on the glaze surface after firing, and the smaller the particles, the smaller the spots on the glaze surface after firing. For products that require an appearance of Even if the specific gravity is adjusted, particle separation and precipitation still occur, making it impossible to obtain an excellent speckled pattern, so setting this condition is not necessarily easier than in the case of tiles. Furthermore, most of the general glazes used for ceramic tiles have a specific gravity of 1.30 to 2.23, and in the glazing process, the glaze remains in the glazing machine, the glaze remains in the glaze supply auxiliary tank directly connected to the glazing machine, and There are situations in which particles in the glaze tend to settle and accumulate, such as when the glaze passes through the glaze pressure pipeline from the glaze manufacturing site to the glazing facility, and all of these must be overcome. From the above, in the present invention, as refractory particles that are relatively large particles and have a relatively low specific gravity, scaly mica (synthetic mica, natural mica) particles, natural or synthetic porous ALC, pumice, shirasu, isolite, and syamoto are used as fire-resistant particles that are relatively large and have a relatively low specific gravity. , cerben, mullite, silica, aplite or alumina particles are used. Among these, mica is a silicate that is not only scale-like but also has a planar network structure similar to clay, and is difficult to precipitate by itself. Therefore, if the particles have a certain bulk specific gravity and particle size, they are effective in preventing precipitation of other particles. Furthermore, these particles of the present invention do not precipitate even when relatively large particles are dispersed in glaze slurry.
Those with a capacity of 10 mesh to 120 mesh are used.
In this way, the smaller the specific gravity, the larger the particles can be used. In particular, in the present invention, 40 mesh to 120 mesh of diamond, cerben (bulk specific gravity 1.0 to 1.2), 40 mesh to 120 mesh of silica, aplite, fused alumina or alumina (bulk specific gravity 1.0 to 1.9), 10 mesh to 120 mesh Pumice, whitebait, ALC, isolite (bulk specific gravity 6.3 to 0.6), etc. are preferred. In the present invention, as shown in Examples below,
In particular, a glaze with a viscosity of 0.45 poise to 9.8 poise at 15°C was used, and the particle size was set to 10 mesh to 120 mesh.If the particle size was coarser than 10 mesh, the specific gravity and viscosity of the glaze would be the highest that could be used. Even if you adjust the glaze to a certain extent, the particles in the glaze will settle during storage, and if it is finer than 120 mesh,
This is because the speckled pattern of the product becomes unclear in appearance and the purpose cannot be achieved. In particular, from the viewpoint of the purpose, the most preferable one is one coarser than 60 meshes. Cerben, compared to aplite particles, ALC, pumice,
Since particles such as whitebait and isolite have extremely low specific gravity, even relatively large particles coarser than 40 mesh can be used. The content of these particles in the glaze is between 0.4% and 70%, preferably between 0.5% and 50%, most preferably between 5% and 20%. Next, in the present invention, after preparing, kneading, and pulverizing the raw glaze (the glaze before dispersing particles) to obtain a glaze slurry, the particles are added and stirred to suspend the particles dispersed in the glaze. make it muddy Then, in the next glazing step, the glaze containing these particles is poured onto the dry base of the tile and glazed by any method such as dipping or spraying, but the present invention requires strict conditions especially in the selection of particles. Because of this, the vertical pouring method, which is commonly used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles, can be preferably used. In this vertical glazing method, the glaze is generally placed upright with the bottom part facing up and the head part facing down, although there may be slight differences in angle. This is a method in which the glaze is made to flow toward the surface. Attach a hanger to this edge or hold it by hand to apply the glaze. Ceramic tiles are generally produced in this way from a dry raw material with one glaze application and one firing process, so it is possible to use transfer, screen printing, and various types of painting used in tiles, etc. It is not possible to incorporate complex decorative processes such as glazes, and it is common to use a single glaze to create rhyograms and kiln changes. Of course, it is impossible to spread particles on top of a flat surface like a tile. Finally, the finished tile with the glazed pattern goes through the normal firing process to become a product, but tiles that are glazed using the vertical glazing method are placed on the firing cart.
It is normal to switch the bottoms and arrange them with the buttocks facing down. This is because the glaze does not stick to the top edge of the tile when it is poured (if it is glazed, the tile body will adhere to the firing cart during firing). The firing temperature is between 950°C and 1230°C, and through this firing, colors appear depending on the type of particles, creating a spotted pattern, and the areas with particles usually rise above the surface of the glaze depending on the coarseness of the particles. The surface becomes rough and uneven. By using several types of particles together, a colorful spotted pattern can be created. [Example] Examples of the present invention will be shown below. Example (1) (i) Add C, W, C and water to frit, feldspar, frog's eye clay, silica stone, lime, and pigment, grind and mix in a ball mill, and make a pottery tile for firing at 1100°C. I made the glaze. (ii) Cervene particles, which are crushed pieces of ceramics, were classified using a sieve to produce Cervene particles with a particle size ranging from 40 mesh to 60 mesh. (iii) The ceramic tile glaze prepared in () was taken out of the ball mill and transferred to a tank or oven. The specific gravity of the glaze at this time was 1.94, and the viscosity was 4.2 poise. (iv) Cervene (bulk specific gravity) created in () is applied to this glaze.
1.15) was added in a measured amount so that the ratio of particles in the glaze was 4%, and the mixture was sufficiently stirred with a stirrer or by hand to disperse the Cerben particles into the glaze. The particles did not precipitate even when stored in the glaze for 4 days. (v) The glaze with Cerben particles dispersed in it is sent from the tank through a pipe to the automatic glazing machine for ceramic tiles.
Ceramic tile base material hung on hangers was poured continuously. (vi) The glazed ceramic tile base was hung on a hanger to dry the glaze, then placed on a ceramic tile firing trolley using an automatic loading machine or by hand, and oxidized and fired in a tunnel kiln at 1100°C for 18 hours. (vii) The surface of the fired ceramic tile had a clear uneven pattern. That is, the coloring of the glaze that was initially prepared was retained, and the glaze contained particles of Cervene that were sufficiently fused to the ceramic tile in the form of spots. Examples (2) to (26) When experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example (1) under the conditions shown in Table 1, ceramic tiles with similar spotted patterns were obtained.

【table】

[Table] Comparative Examples (1) to (6) Even though the method was carried out in the same manner as in Example (1), especially by increasing the specific gravity of the glaze as much as possible under the conditions shown in Table 2, particles precipitated in the glaze. However, tiles with speckled patterns could not be obtained.

【table】

[Table] [Effects of the Invention] By adopting the configuration described above, the present invention has the following excellent effects and can be said to be extremely useful. (1) A ceramic tile with a spotted pattern can be obtained using a normal ceramic tile manufacturing line. (2) It is possible to add speckled patterns to the glaze surface. (3) Kiln-modulated glazes can be manufactured and supplied without being affected by the furnace atmosphere. (4) The glazed surface of the resulting product has a rough, uneven surface, so it can be expected to have an anti-slip effect during and after construction.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Pre-adjusted viscosity is 0.45 poise at 15℃
In the glaze of 9.8 poise, mica with a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 to 1.9 and a particle size of 10 to 120 mesh, ALC, pumice, shirasu, isolite, siyamoto, cerubene, mullite, silica, aprite, and alumina is selected from the group consisting of 1. A method for producing a ceramic tile having an uneven spotted pattern, which comprises suspending a seed or two or more types of non-sedimentable particles, applying a glaze containing the particles to the surface of a ceramic tile, and then firing it. .