JPH0563839B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a photoelectric intelligence smoke detector.

[Background technology]

Conventional optical smoke detectors of this kind have a significant decline in sensing function due to dirt on the light receiving system and aging of the light emitting and light receiving elements, reducing safety when used as a fire detector. This was a contributing factor.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to be able to detect dirt in the optical system section before it occurs, and to prevent the sensing function from deteriorating. , it is possible to judge the function of the light receiving element by applying the same light as when detecting smoke to the light receiving element through external control, and setting the same state as when detecting smoke, thereby increasing reliability. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligence-type smoke detector that can improve the performance of smoke detectors.

[Disclosure of the invention]

The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples. FIG. 1 shows a basic schematic configuration diagram of a fire alarm system using one embodiment, in which a signal line L derived from a receiver 1 includes an intelligence type smoke detector 2 and a general type smoke detector 3a. and a heat sensor 3b are connected together. The receiver 1 transmits a transmission signal _Vs consisting of a pulse code signal including an address signal individually assigned to each intelligence type smoke detector 2 to the line voltage or current of the signal line L as shown in FIG. The system then cyclically transmits the signals one after another and judges the information sent as a return signal from each called intelligence type smoke detector 2, as well as monitors the line voltage and line current level of the signal line l. Therefore, various control operations such as receiving the level signal V _L from the general smoke detector 3a or the general heat sensor 3b can be performed.

Each intelligence type smoke detector 2 can have its own address set, and when the address signal included in the transmission signal V _s sent from the receiver 1 matches the self-set address, the control in the transmission signal V _s is activated. Various information is superimposed and sent back to the receiver 1 as a pulse code signal during data acquisition and a return period provided between one transmission signal V _s and the next transmission signal V _s . When the general type smoke detector 3a or heat sensor 3b detects a predetermined smoke concentration or temperature, it turns on and connects the signal line l through an appropriate resistance.
is short-circuited to change the level of the line current or line voltage, etc., and transmit the fire detection signal to the receiver 1 as a level signal _VL .

During normal operation, the receiver 1 sequentially calls each intelligence-type smoke detector 2, receives information from each intelligence-type smoke detector 2, and makes judgments, and also checks the voltage or current level of the signal line 1. By detecting, the operation of the general type smoke detector 3a or heat sensor 3b is monitored, and the steady line voltage or line current by the terminator 4, such as the resistance of the signal line l, is detected and the signal is detected. It monitors the line l for short circuits and disconnections.

Next, the specific configurations of the receiver 1 and the intelligence type smoke detector 2 will be explained.

The receiver 1 is a basic unit 1 as shown in FIG.
A and an extension unit 1B, and the extension units 1B can be combined as necessary.

The basic unit 1A has a coupling circuit section 5 for interfacing with the signal line 1, and from the line voltage extracted by the coupling circuit section 5, the level signal _VL of the general type smoke detector 3a or heat sensor 3b. , a level detection circuit section 6 that discriminates between voltage levels of short circuit and disconnection, and a coupling circuit that demodulates the pulse code signal, which is a return signal received and extracted via the coupling circuit section 5, and connects it to the signal line l. A transmission signal modulation/demodulation circuit section 7 modulates and creates a transmission signal V _s to be superimposed via a transmission signal modulation/demodulation circuit section 5 , and level detection information discriminated by a level detection circuit section 6 and intelligence type smoke demodulated from the transmission signal modulation/demodulation circuit section 7 . By reading the information from the detector 2, it is possible to determine the occurrence of a fire, to identify the location of the flame occurrence, to determine the occurrence of a disconnection or short circuit in the signal line l, and to detect an abnormality in the smoke detector 2. I/O interface 11 based on the judgment results
Through the signal line, it generates control outputs such as fire area display, fire alarm, warning alarm, area alarm, sensor abnormality display, signal line abnormality display, control of smoke prevention equipment and fire extinguishing equipment, etc. It sends and receives information to and from the expansion unit 1B through the interface 9, and also performs control signal processing such as creating a pulse code signal for sequentially calling each intelligence type smoke detector 2 and sending it to the transmission signal modulation/demodulation circuit section 7. It is comprised of an arithmetic signal processing circuit section 8 comprising a CPU and the like, a storage section 10 that stores and holds the settings for control operations of the arithmetic signal processing circuit section 8, a keyboard 12, and the like. On the other hand, expansion unit 1
B is a unit that can send and receive data to and from the basic unit 1A via the interface 13, and has a combination table of predetermined sensors and corresponding external equipment such as fire extinguishing equipment and smoke prevention equipment, and relays. If a relay means is provided, the signal line to which it belongs
a storage section 14 storing combination data etc. for setting combinations with the numbers of the basic unit 1A;
Selection control of smoke prevention equipment, etc. to be controlled based on the data from and the setting contents of the storage unit 14, display of the operating status of each sensor, and signal line corresponding to the relay means.
control operation that displays the operating status of the relay means by displaying the number, and further displays the operating status of the fire extinguisher, smoke exhaust equipment, etc., and controls the smoke exhaust equipment by manual commands from the keyboard 15. The arithmetic signal processing circuit section 16 interfaces the keyboard 15 and display section 17 with the arithmetic signal processing circuit section 16, which performs a series of controls and signal processing such as input of monitoring data on the operating status of smoke control devices, etc. It is equipped with an I/O interface 18 to
Basic unit 1 includes selection control data for smoke prevention equipment, etc.
A, the basic unit 1A generates a control output for a smoke prevention device, etc. Of course, the smoke prevention device and the like may be controlled by the extension unit 1B. Note that 13' is an interface for expansion. In the figure, 17' is an external display section.

As shown in FIG. 4, the intelligence type smoke detector 2 has a body composed of a base 2a and a head 2b, and has an internal circuit as shown in FIG. In other words, inside the head 2b are a light beam type smoke detection section 19 for detecting smoke, and a smoke detection section 1.
9 first light receiving element 22a and second light receiving element 2
The device includes output circuit sections 21a and 21b that output analog signals according to the light reception level of the light emitting element 2b, and a light emission control section 25 that controls the light emission level of the light emitting element 23. As shown in FIG. 6, the smoke detection unit 19 includes a light emitting element 23, a first light receiving element 22a facing the light emitting surface of the light emitting element 23, and a second light receiving element 22a having a light receiving direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. light receiving element 22
b.

On the other hand, the base 2a is used to removably attach the head 2b, supply power to the circuit inside the head 2b, and control the outputs of the output circuits 21a and 21b and the light emission control section 25. Signal conversion circuit units 24a and 24b that A/D convert analog signals from 21a and 21b and output digital received light level data, and a receiver that takes in output data from the signal conversion circuit units 24a and 24b. 1, and create a return signal consisting of a pulse code signal based on the information,
When the address set in the address setting unit 25 and the address signal included in the transmission signal V _s transmitted from the receiver 1 via the signal line l match, the receiver included in the transmission signal V _s an arithmetic signal processing circuit section 26 which takes in control data from 1 and controls the light emission control section 25, and performs signal processing such as sending out the return signal during the return period following the transmission signal _Vs ; It comprises at least a coupling circuit section 27 for coupling with the line l to extract the transmission signal _Vs or superimposing the return signal on the signal line l, and a power supply section 20 for obtaining power through the coupling circuit section 27. It is something that exists. Now, in the receiver 1, the following operating conditions can be set in the storage section 10 using the keyboard 12. First, in this system, fire occurrence determination is performed based on a combination of the smoke density from the intelligence smoke detector 2 and a time function in addition to the level signal V _L from the general smoke detector 3a and heat sensor 3b. On the receiver 1 side, the detected smoke concentration, which is the condition for determining the occurrence of a fire, and the duration of the detected smoke concentration can be selected and set for each intelligence type smoke detector 2 from the keyboard 12. . In other words, the detected smoke concentration data returned from the intelligence type smoke detector 2 has, for example, three stages, and the time period is, for example, six.
There are two types: seconds and 30 seconds, and one of these detected smoke concentrations can be combined with one of the times, and the sensitivity setting for fire occurrence can be set to both the smoke concentration and the time.
This can be done with one function. This setting condition is determined depending on the installation location of each intelligence type smoke detector 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the receiver 1 superimposes the transmission signal V _s on the line voltage of the signal line l in the order of the addresses set by the storage unit 10 and sequentially transmits it cyclically. The state of each intelligence type smoke sensor 2 is checked by calling up the type smoke detector 2 and having each smoke detector 2 send out information on the detected smoke concentration corresponding to the light reception level of the light receiving element 22b.

Now, when the receiver 1 receives a return signal from the intelligence type smoke detector 2 at the predetermined address, the arithmetic signal processing circuit unit 8 detects the fire occurrence of the intelligence type smoke detector 2 stored in the storage unit 10. The detected smoke concentration for determination is compared with the detected smoke concentration data in the return signal, and if the detected smoke concentration data is smaller than the set detected smoke concentration, the arithmetic signal processing circuit unit 8 determines that no fire has occurred. It's o.
Conversely, if the detected smoke concentration is higher than the detected smoke concentration, the set time is counted by the fire determination timer. The built-in timer continues counting as long as the above-mentioned cyclic calls are repeated and the returned detected smoke concentration data does not fall below the set detected smoke concentration. If it is determined that the set time has elapsed, it is determined that a fire has occurred, and the fire is reported by the bell 31 or the like.

By the way, when checking the smoke detecting section 19 of the intelligence type smoke sensor 2 for dirt or deterioration over time in the above-mentioned normal warning state, the check can be performed by a command from the receiver 1. In other words, when the receiver 1 sends a check command to each intelligence type smoke detector 2 using the transmission signal _VL or starts the self-check program, the program starts with the calculation signal processing according to the flowchart shown in FIG. This will be executed by the circuit section 26.

In other words, after the initial settings are made, the light emission control section 25
is controlled to cause the light emitting element 23 to emit light at a predetermined level (a steady level may be sufficient). This light is directly received by the first light receiving element 22a, and is also received by the second light receiving element 22b as noise scattered light. The data of each light reception level is output to the output circuit sections 21a and 2, respectively.
1b and the signal conversion circuit sections 24a and 24b, the signal is taken into the arithmetic signal processing circuit section 26. The received light level data is calculated by the signal processing circuit section 2.
6 is compared with each reference level corresponding to the lowest value of the allowable range corresponding to each light reception level stored and set in advance, and for example, if the light reception level of the light receiving element 22a is less than the corresponding reference level, light emission is performed. It is determined that there is dirt in the optical system of the element 23, and dirt detection data is generated. Further, if the light reception level of the light receiving element 22b is less than the corresponding reference level, it is determined that there is dirt in the optical system of the light receiving element 22b, and dirt detection data is generated.

Here, if the light receiving levels of both light receiving elements 22a and 22b are normal in comparison with this reference level, the process of the flowchart of FIG. 8 will be performed. In other words, the light emitting level of the light emitting element 23 is detected by the light receiving level of the light receiving element 22a, and based on this detection level, the light emitting element is controlled by the light emitting control section 25 until it reaches a predetermined level, for example, at which no malfunction occurs and the sensitivity is maximized. The light emission level of 23 is adjusted. After this adjustment of the light emission level is completed, light reception is switched to the light emitting element 22b, and the process returns to the normal warning processing routine. By the way, as mentioned above, the dirt detection data is sent back from the intelligence type smoke detector 2 to the receiver 1 as a return signal, and the receiver 1 that receives the dirt detection data issues an alarm and sends an alarm to the intelligence type smoke detector 2. It tells you that something is wrong. Of course, the intelligence type smoke detector 2 may be provided with a light emitting display element or the like to issue an alarm.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a remote check can be made in which the light receiving element 22b is checked by creating a simulated smoke detection state. In this case, when a command is given from the receiver 1 to the intelligence type smoke detector 2 using the transmission signal V _s as in the above check, the intelligence type smoke detector 2 causes the light emission control unit 25 to perform arithmetic signal processing. A control signal for causing the light emitting element 23 to emit light is given from the circuit section 26, and the light reception level data of the light receiving element 22a is taken into the arithmetic signal processing circuit section 26, and based on the received light level, the light emission level of the light emitting element 23 is set at the light receiving element 22b. The arithmetic signal processing circuit section 25 increases the light emission level of the light emitting element 23 through the light emission control section 25 so that the light reception level of the scattered light reaches the level at the time of smoke detection. After the adjustment of the light emission level is completed, the arithmetic signal processing circuit unit 26 takes in the light reception level data of the light receiving element 22b, and checks whether the light reception level is at a predetermined smoke density detection level using a normal warning state processing routine. It is determined whether the function of the light receiving element 22b is normal or abnormal. In this case, data on the smoke concentration is returned from the intelligence type smoke sensor 2 to the receiver 1 and the above-described determination process is performed, but the determination may of course be made on the intelligence type smoke sensor 2 side.

The arithmetic signal processing circuit section 26 serves as a concentration detection means for detecting the level of light received by the light receiving element, a dirt detection means, etc., and is composed of, for example, a CPU.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention is connected to a receiver via a signal line, an address is set separately for each, and when an address signal included in a transmission signal sent from the receiver matches its own set address, An intelligence-type smoke detector that returns various information based on control data in a transmission signal to a receiver, comprising a light emitting element, a first receiving element that directly receives light from the light emitting element, and a first receiving element that directly receives light from the light emitting element. a second light-receiving element that does not directly receive light from the light-emitting element but receives light scattered by smoke; a smoke concentration detection means for detecting the level of light received by the second light receiving element, and a light emitting element that emits light at the time of check to correspond to the light receiving level of the first light receiving element and the noise light receiving level due to scattered light of the second light receiving element, respectively. and a dirt detection means that generates a dirt detection signal when one of the light receiving elements is lower than the reference level by comparing it with a normal reference level set in advance; If so, the light receiving level of the first light receiving element is controlled by controlling the light emitting level of the light emitting element so that the light receiving level of the first light receiving element becomes a predetermined value. and the noise light reception level due to the scattered light of the second light receiving element are compared with a normal reference level that is set in advance for each, and if either one is less than the reference level, the dirt will generate a dirt detection signal. Since it is equipped with a detection means, it is possible to detect dirt on the smoke detector in advance and prevent false alarms due to dirt, and it also compares the light reception level of each light receiving element with a preset normal reference level. This makes it possible to reliably detect overall dirt on the detector that affects smoke detection, including detecting dirt on each light-receiving element individually, thereby improving reliability. There is an effect. In addition, the light emission level from the light emitting element is set to
a check means for detecting the light emission level by a second light receiving element and controlling the light emission level so that the light reception level when a second light receiving element detects smoke of a predetermined concentration is obtained as noise scattered light; and light reception after the light emission level is adjusted by the checking means. Since it is equipped with a means to compare the light receiving level of the element with a preset predetermined level and detect an abnormality if the light receiving level is less than the predetermined level, it is possible to simulate the detection of the second light receiving element when smoke is generated. It is possible to create a light-receiving state and check the function of the second light-receiving element, which has the effect of further increasing reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a signal waveform diagram used in the above, Fig. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the above receiver, and Fig. 4 is an intelligence type smoke detector of the same. 5 is a circuit block diagram of the intelligence-type smoke detector same as above, FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the smoke detection part of the intelligence-type smoke detector same as above, and FIGS. 7- FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the same as above, in which 1 is a receiver, 2 is an intelligence type smoke detector, 19 is a smoke detection section, 22a is a first light receiving element, and 22b is a second light receiving element.
, 23 is a light emitting element, 25 is a light emission control section, and 26 is an arithmetic signal processing circuit section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Connected to the receiver via a signal line, each address is set separately, and when the address signal included in the transmission signal sent from the receiver matches the self-set address, the control data in the transmission signal is In an intelligence-type smoke detector that sends back various information based on the information to the receiver, a light-emitting element, a first light-receiving element that directly receives light from the light-emitting element, and a first light-receiving element that directly receives light from the light-emitting element; and a second light receiving element that receives light scattered by smoke without being scattered, and a light receiving level of the second light receiving element that receives light from the light emitting element after being scattered by smoke during normal operation. and a smoke concentration detection means for detecting smoke concentration, and a light emitting element is made to emit light at the time of checking, and a light reception level of the first light receiving element and a noise light reception level due to scattered light of the second light receiving element are set in advance in correspondence with each other. contamination detection means that generates a contamination detection signal when one of them is less than the reference level when compared with a normal reference level; and a first light-receiving element if the light reception level of each of the above-mentioned light-receiving elements is equal to or higher than the respective reference level. means for controlling the light emission level of the light emitting element so that the light reception level of the light emitting element becomes a predetermined value; A check means controls the light reception level at the time of smoke detection to be obtained as noise scattered light, and the light reception level is determined by comparing the light emission level of the light receiving element after the light emission level adjustment by the check means with a preset predetermined level. An intelligence type smoke detector characterized by comprising means for detecting an abnormality if the level is below a predetermined level.