JPH0562483B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0562483B2 JPH0562483B2 JP3286884A JP3286884A JPH0562483B2 JP H0562483 B2 JPH0562483 B2 JP H0562483B2 JP 3286884 A JP3286884 A JP 3286884A JP 3286884 A JP3286884 A JP 3286884A JP H0562483 B2 JPH0562483 B2 JP H0562483B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- microwave
- fet
- gate
- frequency divider
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B19/00—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source
- H03B19/06—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source by means of discharge device or semiconductor device with more than two electrodes
- H03B19/14—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source by means of discharge device or semiconductor device with more than two electrodes by means of a semiconductor device
Landscapes
- Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
- Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明はマイクロ波分周器に関するものであ
る。近年12GHz帯直接衛星放送システムが実現さ
れる見通しとなつた。このため各家庭に備える受
信機においても、12GHz帯信号を１〜2GHz帯中
間周波数に変換するマイクロ波コンバータが必要
とされる段階になつた。このマイクロ波コンバー
タを構成するには、12GHz帯低雑音増幅器、ミキ
サ、局部発振器が必要となる。この中で局部発振
器の周波数がいかに安定させるかということが重
要な研究課題となつている。局部発振周波数を安
定化するには通常３つの方法が考えられる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a microwave frequency divider. In recent years, it is expected that a 12GHz band direct satellite broadcasting system will be realized. For this reason, we have reached the stage where microwave converters that convert 12 GHz band signals to 1 to 2 GHz band intermediate frequencies are required in receivers installed in each home. To configure this microwave converter, a 12GHz band low-noise amplifier, mixer, and local oscillator are required. Among these, an important research topic is how to stabilize the frequency of the local oscillator. Generally, three methods can be considered to stabilize the local oscillation frequency.
(1) 安定化共振器を用いる方法
(2) 安定な低い周波数を逓倍して所望の周波数を
得る方法
(3) 局部発振周波数を低い周波数に分周し、安定
な周波数と位相比較した結果を局部発振器にフ
イードバツクして周波数を安定化する方法
(1)の方法には誘電体共振器や空洞共振器が必要
となるため発振器の形状が大きくなる。さらに、
量産するために発振器をモノリシツクIC化する
ことはまず不可能である。(1) Using a stabilizing resonator (2) Multiplying a stable low frequency to obtain the desired frequency (3) Dividing the local oscillation frequency into a low frequency and comparing the phase with the stable frequency Method of stabilizing the frequency by feeding back to the local oscillator Method (1) requires a dielectric resonator or a cavity resonator, which increases the size of the oscillator. moreover,
It is almost impossible to make an oscillator into a monolithic IC for mass production.
(2)の方法は比較的簡単であるが、多くの逓倍を
行なわなければならず電力効率が良くない。 Method (2) is relatively simple, but it requires a lot of multiplication and is not power efficient.
(3)の方法は回転的に複雑になるが、効率よく周
波数安定化が計れる。さらにモノリシツクIC化
に適している。 Method (3) is rotationally complicated, but it can efficiently stabilize the frequency. Furthermore, it is suitable for monolithic IC.
以上より局部発振周波数安定化のためには(3)の
方法が最も適している。この(3)の方法を実現する
ために12GHz帯で動作する分周器が必要である。
従来マイクロ波帯での分周には第１図に示す再生
分周器が用いられている。第１図において、入力
端子２１に入力した周波数の信号はミキサ２２
の第１の入力端子に加えられ、ミキサ出力は周波
数の信号を遮断するフイルタ２３を介して増幅
器２４に入力され、増幅器出力の一部はミキサの
第２の入力端子に加えられ、周波数/2に関して
は帰還ループが形成されている。このような再生
分周器により、出力端子２５には/2はが得られ
る。 From the above, method (3) is most suitable for stabilizing the local oscillation frequency. To realize method (3), a frequency divider that operates in the 12GHz band is required.
Conventionally, a regenerative frequency divider shown in FIG. 1 has been used for frequency division in the microwave band. In FIG. 1, the frequency signal input to the input terminal 21 is sent to the mixer 22.
The mixer output is input to the amplifier 24 via a filter 23 that cuts off the frequency signal, and a part of the amplifier output is applied to the second input terminal of the mixer, and the mixer output is input to the amplifier 24 through a filter 23 that cuts off the frequency signal. A feedback loop is formed. With such a regenerative frequency divider, /2 is obtained at the output terminal 25.
しかしながら、第１図の再生分周器ではフイル
タ３を構成しなければならず装置が大型化すると
いう欠点があつた。 However, the regenerative frequency divider shown in FIG. 1 has the disadvantage that a filter 3 must be provided, which increases the size of the device.
本発明の目的は前記欠点を除去したマイクロ波
分周器を提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a microwave frequency divider which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks.
本発明によれば、ドレイン電極には並列抵抗
RLとシングルゲートFETのゲート電極とが接続
され、第１（または第２）のゲート電極には信号
周波数帯無損失整合回路が接続され、第２（また
は第１）のゲート電極と前記シングルゲート
FETのドレイン電極との間には抵抗帰還回路が
接続されてなるデユアルゲートFETをもつて構
成されるマイクロ波分周器において、前記シング
ルゲートFETの入力容量CGとRLから決まる高域
遮断周波数C
＝１／2πCGRLが前記信号周波数帯より低く、かつ
前記信号周波数帯の1/2より高く選ばれているこ
とを特徴とするマイクロ波分周器が得られる。 According to the present invention, the drain electrode has a parallel resistance.
R L is connected to the gate electrode of the single gate FET, a signal frequency band lossless matching circuit is connected to the first (or second) gate electrode, and the second (or first) gate electrode and the single gate FET are connected to each other. Gate
In a microwave frequency divider configured with a dual gate FET with a resistive feedback circuit connected between the drain electrode of the FET, the high-frequency cutoff is determined by the input capacitances C G and R L of the single gate FET. A microwave frequency divider is obtained, characterized in that the frequency C = 1/2πC G R L is selected to be lower than the signal frequency band and higher than 1/2 of the signal frequency band.
このように本発明においては、フイルタを設け
る必要がないマイクロ波分周器が得られるため、
装置を小型化することが可能になり、モノリシツ
クIC化も容易となるため、直接衛星放送受信シ
ステムにおけるコンバータ等においてその効果は
極めて大きい。 In this way, the present invention provides a microwave frequency divider that does not require a filter.
Since it becomes possible to miniaturize the device and it is easy to make it into a monolithic IC, the effect is extremely large in converters and the like in direct satellite broadcasting receiving systems.
第２図、第３図は本発明の実施例であるマイク
ロ波分周器の高周波等価回路である。第２図にお
いて信号入力端子１とデユアルゲートFET３の
第１のゲート電極４との間には信号周波数（）
帯の無損失整合回路２が接続され、ドレイン電極
６には並列抵抗（RL）７およびシングルゲート
FET１４のゲート電極８が接続されている。シ
ングルゲートFETのドレイン電極９と前記デユ
アルゲートFETの第２のゲート電極５との間に
は帰還抵抗（R2）１２が設けられている。ドレ
イン電極は出力端子１３および並列抵抗（R1）
１１を備えている。ソース電極１５および１０は
接地されている。第３図は、第２図における信号
入力端子を第２のゲート電極５側に設け、R2に
よる帰還を第１のゲート電極４側に設けたマイク
ロ波分周器である。第２図、第３図においてドレ
イン電極６から負荷側を見たインピーダンスZLは
RLとゲート・ソース間容量CGSの並列回路で表わ
される。 FIGS. 2 and 3 are high-frequency equivalent circuits of a microwave frequency divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the signal frequency () is connected between the signal input terminal 1 and the first gate electrode 4 of the dual gate FET 3.
A lossless matching circuit 2 is connected to the drain electrode 6, and a parallel resistor (R L ) 7 and a single gate are connected to the drain electrode 6.
The gate electrode 8 of the FET 14 is connected. A feedback resistor (R 2 ) 12 is provided between the drain electrode 9 of the single-gate FET and the second gate electrode 5 of the dual-gate FET. The drain electrode is the output terminal 13 and the parallel resistance (R 1 )
It is equipped with 11. Source electrodes 15 and 10 are grounded. FIG. 3 shows a microwave frequency divider in which the signal input terminal in FIG. 2 is provided on the second gate electrode 5 side, and the feedback by R 2 is provided on the first gate electrode 4 side. In Figures 2 and 3, the impedance Z L when looking from the drain electrode 6 to the load side is
It is represented by a parallel circuit of R L and gate-source capacitance C GS .
したがつて
ZL＝RL／１＋jwRLCGS (1)
と表わされる。ここでRLCGS＝１／2πCとすると
ZL＝RL／１＋ｊ／C (2)
と書ける。(2)式よりがCより高くなるとZLはし
だいに小さくなり０に近づく。一方がCより低
いとZLはほぼRLに等しくなる。したがつてCを
信号周波数帯と信号周波数帯の1/2の間に設定す
れば、信号周波数帯の1/2の周波数はシングルゲ
ートFETによつて増幅されるが、信号周波帯は
増幅されない。またデユアルゲートFETはミキ
サとしての機能を有する。したがつて本発明の実
施例である第２図、第３図の回路は第１図に示さ
れるマイクロ波分周器と等価な機能を有する。 Therefore, it is expressed as Z L =R L /1+jwR L C GS (1). Here, if R L C GS = 1/2π C , it can be written as Z L = R L /1+j/ C (2). As Equation (2) becomes higher than C , Z L gradually decreases and approaches 0. If one is lower than C , Z L will be approximately equal to R L. Therefore, if C is set between the signal frequency band and 1/2 of the signal frequency band, the frequency of 1/2 of the signal frequency band will be amplified by the single gate FET, but the signal frequency band will not be amplified. . The dual gate FET also functions as a mixer. Therefore, the circuits shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, which are embodiments of the present invention, have a function equivalent to that of the microwave frequency divider shown in FIG.
このような本発明においては、ミキサと増幅器
の間にフイルタを設けなくてもマイクロ波分周器
を構成することが可能であり、装置を小型化する
ことができる。このためモノリシツクIC化にも
適しており、マイクロ波装置、特に量産化が要求
される12GHz帯直接衛星放送装置においてその効
果は著しい。 According to the present invention, it is possible to configure a microwave frequency divider without providing a filter between the mixer and the amplifier, and the device can be miniaturized. For this reason, it is suitable for use in monolithic ICs, and its effects are remarkable in microwave equipment, especially in 12GHz band direct satellite broadcasting equipment, which requires mass production.
第１図は従来のマイクロ波再生分周器の構成図
で、第２図、第３図は本発明の実施例であるマイ
クロ波再生分周器の高周波等価回路である。図に
おいて、２２はミキサ、２３はフイルタ、２４は
増幅器、３はデユアルゲートFET、１４はシン
グルゲートFET、７，１１，１２は抵抗、２は
整合回路である。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional microwave regenerative frequency divider, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are high frequency equivalent circuits of a microwave regenerative frequency divider according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 22 is a mixer, 23 is a filter, 24 is an amplifier, 3 is a dual gate FET, 14 is a single gate FET, 7, 11, 12 are resistors, and 2 is a matching circuit.
Claims (1)
ートFETのゲート電極とが接続され、第１（また
は第２）のゲート電極には信号周波数帯無損失整
合回路が接続され、第２（または第１）のゲート
電極と前記シングルゲートFETのドレイン電極
との間には抵抗帰還回路が接続されてなるデユア
ルゲートFETをもつて構成されるマイクロ波分
周器において、前記シングルゲートFETの入力
容量CGとRLから決まる高域遮断周波数C＝
１／2πCGRLが前記信号周波数帯より低くかつ前記信 号周波数帯の1/2より高く選ばれていることを特
徴とするマイクロ波分周器。[Claims] 1. A parallel resistor R L and a gate electrode of a single gate FET are connected to the drain electrode, a signal frequency band lossless matching circuit is connected to the first (or second) gate electrode, In a microwave frequency divider configured with a dual gate FET in which a resistive feedback circuit is connected between a second (or first) gate electrode and a drain electrode of the single gate FET, High cutoff frequency C = determined by FET input capacitance C G and R L
A microwave frequency divider characterized in that 1/2πC G R L is selected to be lower than the signal frequency band and higher than 1/2 of the signal frequency band.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286884A JPS60177707A (en) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | Microwave frequency divider |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286884A JPS60177707A (en) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | Microwave frequency divider |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60177707A JPS60177707A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| JPH0562483B2 true JPH0562483B2 (en) | 1993-09-08 |
Family
ID=12370834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3286884A Granted JPS60177707A (en) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | Microwave frequency divider |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60177707A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2616984A1 (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1988-12-23 | Enertec | Device for harmonic conversion of ultra-high-frequency signal |
-
1984
- 1984-02-23 JP JP3286884A patent/JPS60177707A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60177707A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |