JPH056167A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electronic musical instrument which is suitable for embodying musical effects similar to those given by a bowing type string musical instrument, and which may issue various musical notes through simple performance. CONSTITUTION:There are provided a memory means for storing therein performance manipulation waveforms, a trigger input means 1 for reading the performance manipulation waveforms, a means 9 for inputting data for ornamenting the performance manipulation waveforms, and a means for ornamenting the performance manipulation waveforms read from the memory means 9 in accordance with a trigger signal from the trigger input means. The trigger means comprising, for example, a keyboard, and accordingly, key manipulation causes a trigger signal. Therefore, the ornamenting means 5 reads signals indicating bow pressure and bow speed given by a skilled player, which have been stored in the memory means 3 while receiving a degree of fluctuation from a data inputting means 9 composed of a joy stick, and delivers a desired degree of fluctuation. Accordingly, a note signal forming means issues a musical note having a degree of fluctuation corresponding to that issued by a bowing type string instrument.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and more particularly to an electronic musical instrument suitable for realizing a predetermined musical effect or the like that appears in a performance sound of a natural rubbed string instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Keyboard instruments, wind instruments, string instruments and the like are known as natural musical instruments. Each of these natural musical instruments enables a musical performance rich by learning the playing technique peculiar to the musical instrument.

Since electronic musical instruments electronically form musical tone signals, there is a possibility that a single musical instrument can generate various musical tones. Even in an electronic musical instrument, performance is performed by using some performance operator and generating performance operation information.

Keyboards, foot pedals, window controllers, joysticks, slide volumes, tablets and the like are known as performance operators.

The keyboard has a similar appearance to the keyboard of a natural keyboard instrument and is a performance operator easily played by most people. As performance operation information, a key-on signal, a key-off signal, a pitch signal, and a touch signal are used. Generates signals, etc. It is suitable for generating musical tones of keyboard instruments, but is not very suitable for generating sustained sounds of wind instruments, stringed instruments, etc. with rich expression.

The window controller is generally suitable for generating a musical tone of a wind instrument by performing pitch designation by a finger switch and tone color control by an embouchure. A performance similar to a wind instrument is required for playing the wind controller.

The slide volume and tablet are
Position information, velocity information, pressure information, etc. can be generated as performance information, and it is a performance operator suitable for generating connected musical tones of a stringed instrument. However, in order to perform a performance using these performance operators, it is necessary to learn each operation technique.

A foot pedal, a joystick, etc. are auxiliary performance operators and are suitable for use in combination with the main performance operator.

For example, the tone color of a stringed instrument changes intricately depending on the contact position between the bow and the string, the moving speed of the bow, the bow pressure, and the like. Moreover, the musical tone of the wind instrument changes intricately due to embouchure, breath pressure, and the like. Further, the musical sounds of these musical instruments are particularly characterized by continuous sounds. These continuous sounds change intricately according to time changes of bow speed, bow pressure, embouchure, breath pressure, etc., that is, performance motion waveforms.

Although the electronic musical instrument is functionally capable of generating the musical tone of such an musical instrument, the musical performance information generated when the keyboard, which is most widely used in the electronic musical instrument, is used as a musical operator. Is lacking and it is difficult to express such expressive continuous sound.

[0011]

As described above,
Various types of performance operators are used in various natural musical instruments to generate various musical tones. It has been difficult for many people to generate these various musical tones in an electronic musical instrument provided with a musical performance operator that is easy to perform.

For example, a stringed instrument and a wind instrument require a unique performance operation, and it is not easy for a player of a keyboard instrument to perform a performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument which can generate various musical tones by a simple performance operation.

Further, in a stringed instrument and a wind instrument, a musical tone with delicate fluctuations in pitch, tone color, volume, etc. is generated. It is not easy to generate these fluctuating musical tones by using a performance manipulator such as a keyboard that is easy for many people to play.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument which can easily generate a musical tone having a desired fluctuation.

[0016]

The electronic musical instrument of the present invention comprises a storage means for storing at least one performance operation waveform, a trigger input means for inputting a trigger signal for reading the performance operation waveform, and a performance. Performance operation waveform modification data input means for inputting data for modifying the operation waveform, and a performance operation waveform is read from the storage means based on the trigger signal from the trigger input means, and the performance operation waveform is converted into the control data. And a performance motion waveform modifying means for modifying the performance motion waveform.

[0017]

The performance operation waveform is stored in the storage means, and the performance operation waveform is read as the waveform read start signal by using the trigger signal as a waveform reading start signal, thereby generating a musical tone having a rich expression corresponding to the stored performance operation waveform by an extremely simple operation. Can be made For example, based on a stringed instrument performance by a skilled person, the performance motion waveforms for bow pressure and bow speed are stored,
By reading out this performance motion waveform based on the key depression of the keyboard or the like, it is possible to generate a musical tone of a stringed instrument.

However, for example, even in a stringed instrument, there are various playing modes. If only a single performance waveform is repeatedly read, it is difficult to perform various performances.

By inputting the data for modifying the performance motion waveform from the performance motion waveform modification data input means, the stored performance motion waveform can be modified based on the player's intention. A variety of musical sounds can be generated according to the degree of modification.

For example, a continuous sound of a wind instrument, a string instrument, etc. has a fluctuation component which changes delicately. By adding fluctuation components arbitrarily to the basic performance motion waveform by the performance motion waveform modification data input means, it is possible to generate various musical tones with fluctuations.

[0021]

1 shows the structure of an electronic musical instrument according to a basic embodiment of the present invention.

The trigger input means 1 is composed of, for example, a keyboard and generates a trigger signal such as a key-on signal. With this trigger signal, the performance operation waveform is read from the performance operation waveform storage means 3 in which the performance operation waveform is stored. In addition,
When the trigger input means is a keyboard, a signal such as a key code is also generated at the same time as the trigger signal.

The performance operation waveform modification data input means 9 is means for inputting data for modifying the performance operation waveform read from the performance operation waveform storage means 3, and is composed of, for example, a joystick. The performance motion waveform modification means 5 modifies the performance motion waveform read from the performance motion waveform storage means 3 based on the data supplied from the performance motion waveform modification data input means 9. For example, two or more performance operation waveforms are read from the performance operation waveform storage means, the performance operation waveform modifying means mixes a plurality of performance operation waveforms according to the ratio based on the modification data, and the musical sound signal forming means 7 is created.
Supply to.

Further, the performance motion waveform modification data is fluctuation of variable intensity, damping vibration, etc., and the performance motion waveform read from the performance motion waveform storage means 3 is modified with these additional information to obtain the desired fluctuation. And damping vibration can be applied.

For example, a trigger input means is constituted by a keyboard, and a key-on signal generated by a key depression operation is used as a trigger signal, and a bow pressure signal and a bow stored in the performance operation waveform storage means 3 corresponding to the performance of a skilled player. By reading the speed signal and inputting the degree of fluctuation from the performance operation waveform modification data input means 9 composed of a joystick,
The performance motion waveform modifying means can give the performance motion waveform a desired degree of fluctuation, and the musical sound signal forming means can generate a musical sound with various fluctuations of a stringed instrument. In this case, the player can perform the performance of the stringed instrument only by designating the pitch, the timing of musical tone generation, etc. by the keyboard and giving the degree of fluctuation by the joystick.

If the musical tone signal formed by the musical tone signal forming means 7 is to be modified, an extremely offensive musical tone will be generated if the desired control is not performed, but it corresponds to the performance of a natural musical instrument. It has been found that, by modifying the performance motion waveform itself, the generated musical tone does not have any special inconvenience even if the control is not performed as desired.

FIG. 2 shows functional blocks of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention. The performance operator 2 is, for example, a tablet whose position and pressure can be detected. By moving a stick on the tablet, a bow pressure signal and a bow speed signal can be created. Further, these signals can be stored in the performance operation waveform storage means 3. The performance operation waveform storage means 3 stores some basic performance operation waveforms from the beginning.

On the other hand, the read start pulse input means 11
Is composed of, for example, a keyboard, and supplies a reading start pulse 13 to the reading means 12 based on a key-on signal.
The reading means 12 supplies a control signal 14 such as an address to the performance operation waveform storage means 3, and the performance operation waveform storage means 3 is supplied.
The performance operation waveform data 15 such as the bow speed and the bow pressure is read out from.

The read performance waveform is supplied to the fluctuation data adding means 16 together with the fluctuation control data input from the fluctuation control data input means 19. The fluctuation data adding means 16 is a fluctuation control data input means 19
Based on the fluctuation control data supplied from, the additional information for giving fluctuation to the performance motion information is added, and the sound source parameter 17 is supplied to the sound source system 18.

The tone generator system 18 forms a tone signal on the basis of the tone generator parameter 17 based on the performance motion waveform to which fluctuation is added.

The functional block as shown in FIG. 2 is realized by the functional configuration as shown in FIG. 3 in the case of a stringed instrument model, for example.

In FIG. 3, the performance operator 4 is formed by a keyboard for an ordinary electronic musical instrument or the like, and selects and controls performance information such as pitch signal, key-on signal, key-off signal, bowing signal, tone color signal, and the like. It is supplied to the reading means 21a. For example, the key-on signal constitutes a trigger signal for waveform readout. The fluctuation control data input means 19 is formed by, for example, a normal joystick capable of moving in two-dimensional directions, generates fluctuation control data by its displacement in the x direction, and supplies the fluctuation control data to the fluctuation data adding means 21b. The waveform selecting, controlling and reading means 21a outputs the access signal 26 based on the bowing signal to the performance operation waveform table 2
2, and a string-like performance motion waveform 27 is obtained from the performance motion waveform table 22.

The fluctuation data adding means 21b adds fluctuation data to the performance motion waveform based on the string-like performance motion waveform 27 and fluctuation control data, and the tone color signal and the modified tone forming parameters such as bow pressure and bow speed are added. , And information 28 such as string length is supplied to the physical model sound source 23. The physical model sound source 23 is for physically simulating the movement of the strings of a stringed instrument to generate a tone forming signal, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-48891.

Musical tone forming signal 2 thus formed
9 is sent to the sound system 24 to generate a musical sound.

The performance motion waveform table 22 stores, for example, performance motion waveforms for crescendo, decrescendo, detache, fortissimo, pianissimo, spicato, pizzicato, rise data of various musical tones in addition to basic performance motion waveforms. These performance motion waveforms are read out based on the bowing signal in synchronization with a key-on signal generated from the performance operator 4, for example.

That is, when a performance operation is performed in the performance operator 4, a performance operation waveform based on a specific performance mode is read out from the table 22 to the waveform selecting, controlling and reading means 21a based on the performance operation. Fluctuation control data is supplied from the fluctuation control data operator 19, and a musical tone signal having a desired fluctuation is generated by modifying the performance motion waveform. A pitch signal is separately supplied from the performance operator 4 to the physical model sound source 23 to specify the pitch of the generated musical sound.

FIG. 4 shows a hardware configuration for realizing the function of the rubbed string model embodiment as shown in FIG.

The performance operator 4 is composed of, for example, a keyboard, and key depression information and key release information thereof are detected by the keyboard switch circuit 31. The keyboard switch circuit 31 supplies performance operation information to the bus 32. The fluctuation control data input means 19 is composed of, for example, a joystick, and its displacement, for example, x-axis direction displacement is detected by the manipulator detection circuit 39, and a detection signal is supplied to the bus 32.

The bus 32 includes a ROM 33 for storing a musical tone signal forming program, a RAM 34 for temporarily storing intermediate information generated during arithmetic processing, a CPU 35 for performing arithmetic processing such as musical tone signal formation, a timer circuit 36, and the like. The tone generator circuit 38 and the like are connected. The CPU 35 is connected to the timer circuit 36 by an interrupt signal line 37 and executes a timer interrupt routine at a predetermined timing. Also,
The sound system 24 is connected to the sound source circuit 38 and receives a tone forming signal and generates an audible tone signal.

Using the hardware configuration shown in FIG.
A performance operation performed by realizing the functional block shown in FIG. 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5A is a graph showing an example of time-domain and frequency-domain waveforms of performance motion information waveforms of a bow of a stringed instrument. For example, in the performance of a rubbed string instrument, when a performance operation (for example, bow speed, bow pressure) of rubbing a string with a bow is viewed in a time domain and a frequency domain, it has characteristics as shown in FIG.

The upper part of FIG. 5A shows the amplitude of the performance motion data as a function of time. In addition, the frequency characteristic is shown by a spectrum in the lower part of FIG. In this specification, the time change of the performance operation data as shown in the upper part of FIG.

The amplitude of the performance motion data shown in the upper part of FIG. 5 (A) is not constant with respect to time but has a slight fluctuation, and the frequency analysis of the fluctuation shows the lower part of FIG. 5 (A). As shown in the figure, the spectrum characteristic has a peak at a certain low frequency and gradually decreases from that frequency to a higher frequency. In addition, the degree of fluctuation and the spectral characteristics are variously changed according to the performance.

By the way, an example of a performance operation waveform when a performance operation is performed using the keyboard is similarly shown in the time domain and the frequency domain, as shown in FIG. 5 (B). That is, the amplitude of the performance operation data such as the key pressing pressure is constant with respect to the time axis, and its frequency characteristic has only the DC component as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5 (B).

It can be said that it is extremely difficult to generate musical tones derived from the performance operation shown in FIG. 5A by the performance operation shown in FIG. 5B. Moreover, if an attempt is made to generate a performance motion waveform based on the performance motion of a natural rubbed string instrument as shown in FIG. 5 (A) by using a performance manipulator such as a keyboard, the performance manipulation becomes extremely difficult. Become.

In the present embodiment, based on the performance operation as shown in FIG. 5B, the performance operation data as shown in FIG. 5A is changed in degree of fluctuation according to the intention of the performer. Consider to generate while.

For example, random noise is filtered to generate a waveform similar to the performance motion waveform shown in FIG. A waveform obtained by filtering such random noise is shown in FIG. As the filtering process, for example, an 8th-order moving average is applied 6 times, and finally a high-pass filtering process with a peak frequency of 2 Hz is performed.

The upper part of FIG. 5 (C) shows a waveform showing the time change of the performance motion data obtained by filtering the random noise, and the lower part of FIG. 5 (C) shows the frequency characteristic of the waveform of the upper part of FIG. 5 (C). .. When the degree of fluctuation is changed by changing the filter constant, the uneven waveform of the upper waveform of FIG. 5C and the frequency distribution of the lower waveform of FIG. 5C change.

By the way, the random noise itself is shown in FIG.
(C) A flat characteristic is shown over a wide frequency band as shown by a broken line in the lower part. By performing various filtering processes on this random noise, it is possible to realize various characteristics that gradually decrease from a predetermined frequency to a higher frequency as shown by the solid line in the lower part of FIG. 5C.

In this embodiment, the degree of fluctuation is controlled by giving fluctuation control data instead of changing the filter constant.

In this way, based on the performance operation waveform as shown in FIG. 5B, the performance operation data as shown in FIG. 5C is controlled in real time according to the intention of the player. If it is generated, it is possible to generate a musical tone similar to the musical tone based on the performance operation of the natural rubbed string instrument as shown in FIG.

The steps of such a tone signal generation process will be described below with reference to the flow charts.

FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the main routine. First, when the process starts, in step S1, each register such as RAM is initialized.

Next, in step S2, it is determined whether or not there is a key-on event. If there is a key-on event, the flow advances to the next step S3 according to the YES arrow to execute the key-on event routine. When there is no key-on event, step S3 is bypassed according to the NO arrow.

Next, in step S4, it is determined whether or not there is a key-off event. If there is a key-off event, the key-off event routine S5 is executed according to the YES arrow. N if there is no key-off event
Step S5 is bypassed according to the arrow of O.

After that, in step S6, the tone code corresponding to the tone color selected by the selection switch and the bowing movement data corresponding to the bowing behavior are stored in the register TC and the register UK, respectively, and other processing is performed. Return to step S2.

The key-on event routine (S3) and the key-off event routine (S5) of the main routine shown in FIG. 6 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 7 shows a key event routine, FIG. 7 (A) shows a key-on event, and FIG. 7 (B) shows a key-off event.

As shown in FIG. 7A, when a key-on event occurs, first, in step S11, the key code of the key having the key-on event is stored in the key code register KCD. Next, in step S12, the key code sound of the register KCD is assigned to the sounding channel of the physical model sound source. That is, by this process, preparation for the generation of a musical tone corresponding to the depressed key is made.

Next, in step S13, the key code of the register KCD is transferred to the corresponding channel of the physical model sound source, and the key-on flag konfl of that channel is transferred.
Set 1 to g (ch). This tone generation channel detects that the flag is set to 1, and performs a tone generation process.

FIG. 7B shows a flowchart of the key-off event. When the key is released on the keyboard, the key is detected, and the corresponding key code is stored in the key code register KCD in step S16. Subsequently, in step S17, a sound channel having the same key code as the key code stored in the register KCD is detected from the sound generation channels of the physical model sound source. That is, of the sounds being sounded, it is detected which sound is released.

It is determined in step S18 whether or not there is a corresponding channel. If there is a corresponding channel, proceed to step S19 by following the YES arrow,
Key-on flag ko of the corresponding channel of the physical model sound source
Set 0 to nflg (ch). The sound generation operation of the corresponding channel is ended when the flag becomes 0. Then return.

In step S18, when the corresponding channel is not detected, the muffling process has already been performed, so the process bypasses step S19 and returns immediately.

In this way, sound generation and mute processing are performed based on the key depression and key release of the keyboard. FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the timer interrupt routine.

When a timer interrupt occurs, first, step S
At 21, the channels being sounded are sequentially designated. Next, in step S22, it is determined whether or not the flag konflag (ch) of the channel is 1. If this flag is 1, the corresponding channel is instructed to sound, so follow the YES arrow to proceed to the next step S2.
Go to 3. If the flag is not 1, this channel has not been sounded, so the flow returns to step S21 following the NO arrow to specify the next channel.

In step S23, the performance operation waveform is started to be read according to the read pointer of the corresponding channel in the area corresponding to the tone color and bow movement of the performance operation waveform table 22.

In the case of the present embodiment, since a stringed instrument is assumed, the bow speed information and the bow pressure information of the stringed instrument are started to be read as the performance motion waveform. This performance motion waveform is created by a skilled person using a tablet or synthesized from random noise, for example.

In step S25, desired fluctuation data is added to the read performance information waveform. The degree of fluctuation is controlled by fluctuation control data. That is, based on a simple key depression operation, a continuous sound of a stringed instrument is generated and a desired fluctuation is imparted.

Next, in step S26, the musical tone generation process is prepared based on the modified performance operation information. For example, in order to keep the bow speed information and bow pressure information to which fluctuation data has been added within the range suitable for musical tone signal generation,
Perform drop processing. This is because when the bow speed and bow pressure of the stringed instrument are within a predetermined range, an appropriate musical tone is generated, but when it is out of this range, an appropriate musical tone is not generated.
If the performance information obtained at 25 does not belong to this tone generation range, appropriate processing is performed to change to a range suitable for tone generation.

Next, in step S27, the created bow speed and bow pressure data is supplied to the physical model sound source, and a tone signal is generated according to the rubbing string algorithm. next,
In step S28, the pointer of the corresponding channel is advanced by 1. As a result, the performance operation waveform is read according to the passage of time (step S23).

Thereafter, the process returns to step S21, and the same processing is performed on the next channel. This process is repeated for all channels.

Next, an example of adding the fluctuation data in step S25 will be described in more detail.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart for explaining an embodiment of the fluctuation addition routine. The performance operation waveform storage means 3 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or the performance operation waveform table 22 shown in FIG. 3 store standard bow pressure waveforms and bow speed waveforms with no fluctuation or minimum fluctuation. , Only fluctuations are stored in the fluctuation waveform table.

When the fluctuation adding routine is started, first in step S31, the position of the joystick 19 in the x-axis direction is fetched as data, and the variable JS is fetched. Copy to X.

The x-direction position of the joystick is shown in FIG.
As shown in (A), a value from 0 to 127 is given, and the position of x = 0 indicates a state where there is no fluctuation,
The position of x = 127 indicates the maximum fluctuation position. That is, the joystick data JS X takes a numerical value from 0 to 127 and indicates the degree of fluctuation.

Next, in step S32, the fluctuation data corresponding to the current pointer is read out from the fluctuation waveform table, and stored in the register fb. noise, vb nois
Copy to e. The fluctuation waveform table is shown in FIG.
It is a storage device that stores the waveform of fluctuation data as shown in FIG. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates a pointer corresponding to time, and the vertical axis indicates the size of fluctuation data. Although it is shown as a continuous curve, the fluctuation data may be present only at the position where the pointer is. By reading the fluctuation data while updating the pointer, the fluctuation data as shown in the figure can be input. Such fluctuation data is used as fluctuation f for bow pressure data.
b Fluctuation vb for noise and bow speed data no
Read as ise. Note that different fluctuation data for bow pressure and bow speed may be read, or the same fluctuation data may be read.

It is assumed that a bow speed waveform and a bow pressure waveform having no fluctuation are read out as the performance motion waveforms.

Next, in step S33, the joystick data JS Use X to add a fluctuation amount to the performance motion waveform.

The bow pressure data of the performance motion waveform is fb,
Bow speed data is vb and bow pressure fluctuation data is fb n
It is oise, and bow speed fluctuation data is vb. in noise
If so, the following calculation is performed to newly generate the bow pressure data fb.
And bow speed data vb are set.

Fb ← {fb noise * JS X + fb * (127
-JS X)} / 127 vb ← {vb noise * JS X + vb * (127
-JS X)} / 127 For example, when the position of the joystick is x = 0, the joystick data JS X = 0, and the obtained bow pressure data and bow speed data are bow pressure data fb of the performance motion waveform.
And bow speed data vb.

The joystick data fluctuates at x = 127.
When the maximum Ragi is JS X = 127, the result of the calculation
The bow pressure data fb and the bow speed data vb that are generated are for the bow pressure swing.
Raji data fb Fluctuation data for noise and bow speed
vb It becomes noise.

By controlling the x-direction position of the joystick, the fluctuation of the generated musical sound can be controlled arbitrarily from 0 to the maximum value.

In the embodiment described above, there is only one fluctuation pattern, and the fluctuation degree is arbitrarily controlled from 0 to the maximum value. In order to generate more diverse musical sounds, it is possible to provide a plurality of types of fluctuation patterns. In this case, for example, the fluctuation pattern is specified by the playing style.

FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the fluctuation adding routine. When the fluctuation adding routine is started, in step S41, the joystick data is loaded and the variable JS Copy to X. This step is the same as step S31 in FIG.

Next, in step S42, the variable JS
It is determined whether X is 63 or less or 64 or more. That is, the control is branched in two ways depending on the position of the joystick.

The joystick is as shown in FIG.
The fluctuation is minimized at the central position x = 63. In the region of x ≦ 63, the fluctuation pattern 1 is used and x> 6
The fluctuation pattern 2 is used in the region of 3. In each area, the joystick position x is 6
The degree of fluctuation increases with distance from 3.
In the case of this embodiment, it is preferable to use a midpoint return type joystick.

In step S42, JS X is 63
In the following cases, follow the YES arrow to step S4
Go to 3. In step S43, the fluctuation data corresponding to the current pointer is read out from the fluctuation waveform table 1 and is stored in the register fb. noise, vb noise
Copy to.

As in the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that bow pressure data fb having no fluctuation and bow speed data vb having no fluctuation are read out as performance operation waveforms.

Next, in step S44, the joystick data JS The amount of fluctuation is added using the displacement of X from 63. That is, bow pressure data fb and bow speed data vb read from the performance motion waveform and bow pressure fluctuation data fb read from the fluctuation waveform table 1. noi
se and bow speed fluctuation data vb The following operations are performed using noise.

Fb ← {fb noise * (63-JS X) + fb
* JS X)} / 63 vb ← {vb noise * (63-JS X) + vb
* JS X)} / 63 That is, JS Let X = 63 be a state without fluctuation, and J
S A fluctuation amount is added such that the fluctuation increases as the value of X decreases. The fluctuation waveform table used here corresponds to the first performance mode.

In step S42, the variable JS If X is larger than 63, the process proceeds to step S45 following the NO arrow.

In step S45, the fluctuation data corresponding to the current pointer is read out from the fluctuation waveform table 2 and stored in the register fb. noise, vb nois
Copy to e.

Subsequently, in step S46, the joystick data JS The fluctuation is the smallest when X is 63, and JS A fluctuation amount is added so that the fluctuation amount increases as X increases.

Fb ← {fb noise * (JS X-64) + fb
* (127-JS X)} / 63 vb ← {vb noise * (JS X-64) + vb
* (127-JS X)} / 63 That is, JS The fluctuation is minimum at X = 63, and JS
Fluctuation pattern 2 as the value of X increases
Therefore, the fluctuation amount is added to increase the fluctuation amount. Shaking
Raira pattern 2 corresponds to the second performance form.
It

In this embodiment, two kinds of fluctuation patterns are used, and one of these two kinds of fluctuation patterns is arbitrarily selected by operating the joystick.
A desired amount of fluctuation can be given. For this reason, a wider variety of fluctuation amounts can be added than in the above-described embodiment.

For example, in the case of a violin, the amount of fluctuation varies depending on which string is played, and also changes depending on the string length. As one method of realizing various kinds of fluctuations that change in this way, the fluctuation amount can be controlled by the pitch.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the fluctuation adding routine. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the fluctuation waveform table stores fluctuation waveforms corresponding to the respective key codes KCD.

When the fluctuation adding routine is started, the joystick data is fetched in step S51,
Variable JS Copy to X. The variable JS It is assumed that the value of X changes from 0 to 127 in 128 ways as in the above-described embodiment.

Next, in step S52, the current pitch and the fluctuation data corresponding to the pointer are read from the fluctuation waveform table, and fb noise [KCD], vb
Copy to noise [KCD]. That is, the fluctuation data read out changes depending on the key code KCD indicating the pitch.

Next, in step S53, the joystick data JS Use X to add the amount of fluctuation.

Fb ← {fb noise [KCD] * JS X + fb
* (127-JS X)} / 127 vb ← {vb noise [KCD] * JS X + vb
* (127-JS X)} / 127 Thus, the fluctuation amount according to the pitch of the generated musical sound
By changing the, have a natural and colorful fluctuation
It can generate musical tones.

In the embodiment of FIG. 13, it is necessary to store as many fluctuation data as the fluctuation data corresponding to the number of pitches. An embodiment in which the capacity of the storage device can be reduced will be described below.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the key code KCD is set to the variable TBLB [KC having a smaller number.
D]. For example, a variable that changes for each octave, a variable that changes for each string to be played, etc. are generated based on the key code KCD. Variables like this TBLB
It is represented by [KCD]. By performing such key scaling, the number of fluctuation waveform data can be significantly reduced.

FIG. 15 shows a fluctuation adding routine using such key scaling. When the fluctuation addition routine is started, the joystick data is fetched in step S61 and the variable JS Copy to X. Next, in step S62, the key code KCD is stored in the table T
Convert by BLB. Value TBL converted in this way
Copy B [KCD] to register KCBD.

Next, in step S63, the fluctuation data corresponding to the current KCBD and pointer is fetched from the fluctuation waveform table, and fb noise [KCB
D], vb Copy to noise [KCBD]. In this way, bow pressure fluctuation data and bow speed fluctuation data are obtained.

Next, in step S64, the joystick data JS Use X to add the amount of fluctuation.

Fb ← {fb noise [KCBD] * JS X + f
b * (127-JS X)} / 127 vb ← {vb noise [KCBD] * JS X + v
b * (127-JS X)} / 127 That is, the scale is coarser than KCD according to the pitch KCD.
The variable KCBD is generated, and the fluctuation changes according to the pitch.
The amount of looseness can be added arbitrarily.

The same method can be applied when a plurality of fluctuation data are used at the same time.

FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of the fluctuation adding routine. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the midpoint of the midpoint return type joystick is set to the minimum fluctuation position, and the fluctuation pattern 1 and the fluctuation pattern 2 are used according to the direction of the x axis in which the joystick is tilted. , The amount of fluctuation is controlled by the pitch of the generated musical sound.

When the fluctuation adding routine is started, the joystick data is fetched in step S71,
Variable JS Copy to X.

Next, in step S72, the key code KCD is converted into a variable having a smaller change step number by the table TBLB. That is, the number TBLB [KCD] of the table TBLB read based on KCD is set as the variable KCBD.

Subsequently, in step S73, Joyce
Tick data JS X is 63 or less or greater than 63
Determine whether. Variable JS YES if X is 63 or less
Follow the arrow to go to 74. Smell in step S74
The current KCBD value from the fluctuation waveform table 1.
And fluctuation data is read according to the pointer and for the bow pressure
Fluctuation data fb noise [KCBD] and bow speed
Fluctuation data vb Copy to noise [KCBD]
It

Next, in step S75, the joystick data JS Use X to add the amount of fluctuation as follows.

Fb ← {fb noise [KCBD] * (63-JS
X) + fb * JS X} / 63 vb ← {vb noise [KCBD] * (63-JS
X) + vb * JS X} / 63 In step S73, the joystick data JS
If X is greater than 63, follow the NO arrow
And proceeds to step S76. In step S76,
From the fluctuation waveform table 2, the current KCBD value and po
The fluctuation data corresponding to the interface is read and the fluctuation for bow pressure is read.
Data fb noise [KCBD], bow speed fluctuation
Data vb Copy to noise [KCBD].

Subsequently, in step S77, the joystick data JS The following calculation for adding the fluctuation amount using X is performed.

Fb ← {fb noise [KCBD] * (JS X-
64) + fb * (127-JS X)} / 63 vb ← {vb noise [KCBD] * (JS X-
64) + vb * (127-JS X)} / 63 As described above, it is possible to use two types of fluctuation data and to add the fluctuation amount depending on the pitch of the generated musical tone by using a storage device having a relatively small storage capacity.

In the above, the case of a stringed instrument has been described as an example. However, the musical tone giving fluctuations may be a musical tone of a wind instrument or a nonexistent sound in addition to the stringed instrument. For example, it may be applied to breath pressure of saxophone, fluctuation of embouchure, nonexistent random noise, or the like.

Further, use is made of information obtained by performing filtering processing on the performance motion information that was actually played, read by reversing the time axis, or input in non-real time by a mouse or the like other than the performance operator. You can also

It is also possible to read crescendo, decrescendo, detache, fortissimo, pianissimo, spicato, pizzicato, various rising data, etc. based on the operation of the performance operator, and add fluctuation data to these data.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the reading of the performance operation information is performed by using the pointer with the key-on signal of the keyboard as a trigger, but this is not necessarily the case. For example, in addition to the key-on signal,
It may be triggered by a switch prepared elsewhere. A trigger generated internally and processed and generated may be used as the start signal.

Although the case where the joystick is used as an operator for instructing the degree of fluctuation has been described, a wheel or other operator may be used. Also, the y-axis or pressure may be used instead of the x-axis of the joystick.

Although a physical model sound source is used as the sound source circuit, other sound source circuits such as an FM sound source can be used. For example, by using the fluctuation-processed performance motion waveform as a parameter of the FM sound source modulator or the carrier output level, fluctuations can be imparted to the pitch and amplitude.

In order to create the data of the frequency characteristic close to the data having the collected fluctuation, the case where the target frequency characteristic is obtained by performing the filtering process on the random data has been described, but the inverse Fourier transform is performed from the measured frequency characteristic. The desired frequency characteristic may be obtained by performing. If the fluctuation characteristic cannot be realized only by the frequency characteristic, the probability density function can be calculated and the fluctuation data can be synthesized.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the fluctuation amount is added to the data having no fluctuation or little fluctuation has been described. However, a plurality of sets of performance operation waveforms to which fluctuation data is added are stored in advance, and the fluctuation amount is stored. Fluctuation data can also be controlled by combining a plurality of different performance motion waveforms.

Further, it is not necessary to complete all the performance information table data, and it is also possible to partially interpolate or synthesize by the calculation or the like.

When the fluctuation frequency characteristic has different characteristics depending on the strength of the performance data, a plurality of fluctuation data may be interpolated and added using the data representing the strength as a parameter. It is also possible to select different fluctuation waveforms for a plurality of performance motion waveforms according to the strength and to interpolate. For example, in the case of Forte, the fluctuation component of pressure is characteristic, and in the case of piano, the fluctuation component of velocity is characteristic. The expressed data can be interpolated using the parameters and added respectively.

It is also possible to create varying fluctuations by changing the filter characteristics when the fluctuation information is formed from random noise.

Further, random noise may be stored and filtering and addition may be performed in real time.
Also, random noise data can be created in real time by calculation.

Although a dedicated filter can be used as the filter, it can be incorporated in the microcomputer as a digital filter.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other modifications, improvements, combinations and the like are possible.

[0131]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By reading the performance motion waveform by the trigger signal and modifying the amount specified by the player, a variety of performances can be performed by a simple operation.

For example, by adding fluctuation information having a desired intensity to the performance motion waveform, it is possible to generate expressive continuous tone sounds having a desired fluctuation by a simple performance operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of an example of a rubbed string model of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration for implementing the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating performance operation information. Figure 5
(A), (B), and (C) are a graph showing the time change of the amplitude of the performance motion data and a graph showing the frequency characteristic of the performance motion data, respectively.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a key event routine. FIG. 7A is a flow chart of a key-on event, and FIG. 7B is a flow chart of a key-off event.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a first fluctuation addition routine.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 10A is a diagram for explaining the operation of the joystick, and FIG. 10B is a graph showing an example of the fluctuation waveform table.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a second fluctuation addition routine.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an operation of another joystick.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a third fluctuation adding routine.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the function of a key code conversion table.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a fourth fluctuation addition routine.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a fifth fluctuation adding routine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 trigger input means, 2 performance operator, 3 performance operation waveform storage means, 4 performance operator (keyboard), 5 performance operation waveform modifying means, 7 tone signal forming means, 9 performance operation waveform modifying data input means, 11 start reading Pulse input means, 12 reading means, 16 fluctuation data adding means, 18 sound source system, 19 fluctuation control data input means (joystick), 21a
Waveform selection, control, reading means, 21b fluctuation data adding means, 22 performance waveform table, 23
Physical model sound source, 24 sound system, 31
Keyboard switch circuit, 32 bus, 33 ROM,
34 RAM, 35 CPU, 36 timer, 3
8 sound source circuit, 39 manipulator detection means

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. Storage means for storing at least one performance operation waveform, trigger input means for inputting a trigger signal for reading out the performance operation waveform, and modifying the performance operation waveform. Data for inputting performance performance waveform modification data input means, and based on a trigger signal from the trigger input means, a performance performance waveform is read from the storage means, and the performance performance waveform is modified based on the control data. An electronic musical instrument having a performance motion waveform modifying means.