JPH05602B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an external heat type evaporator, and an object thereof is to provide an evaporator that has good thermal efficiency and heat transfer efficiency, and can be constructed in a small size. be.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a bottomed outer cylinder which is open at the top and has a flange 2 fixed to the open end.
An inlet 3 is provided in the side wall near the bottom and an outlet 4 is provided in the side wall near the open end. The entire side wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the cylindrical portions of the inlet and outlets 3 and 4 are hollow, and a jacket 5 is provided within the side wall. Reference numeral 6 denotes a first tube sheet that is airtightly fixed to the flange 2 of the outer cylinder 1 to close the open end of the outer cylinder 1, and the first tube sheet 6 has a plurality of bottomed first tube sheets with one end open. A tube 7 is provided so as to pass through each open end side in an airtight manner. By fixing the first tube sheet 6 to the flange 2, each of the first tubes 7 is inserted into the outer cylinder 1 with a gap in the right angle direction.

An auxiliary cylinder 8 having substantially the same diameter as the outer cylinder 1 is fixed concentrically to the upper surface of the first tube sheet 6. The auxiliary cylinder 8 has an open upper end, and a flange 9 is fixed to the open end. Further, a ring-shaped support base 10 is fixed to the inner surface of the auxiliary cylinder 8.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a second tube seat supported by the support base 10 of the auxiliary cylinder 8. This second tube sheet 11 has a plurality of second tubes 1 inserted into each of the first tubes 7 fixed to the first tube sheet 6 while being supported by the support stand 10.
One end of 2 is fixed. The lower end of this second tube 12 is open to the bottom of the first tube 7,
The upper end is open above the second tube sheet 11. Further, the second tube 12 has a sufficiently smaller diameter than the first tube 7, so that a donut-shaped space is formed between the two tubes. The second tube sheet 11 has a plurality of steam vent pipes 13 whose lower ends are connected to the second tube sheet 1.
It is open and fixed to the bottom of 1. At the upper end of each steam vent pipe 13, a gas-liquid separator 14 is provided, which is formed in a chevron shape and whose lower side is open.

15 is a lid body that covers the upper side of the auxiliary cylinder 8;
This lid body 15 is fixed to the flange 9 of the auxiliary cylinder 8 in an airtight manner. Further, a steam extraction pipe 15a is provided at the top of the lid 15.

There are outlets 1 at the top and bottom of the jacket 5 of the outer cylinder 1.
6. An inlet 17 is provided, and an outlet 18 and an inlet 19 are similarly provided on the side wall of the auxiliary cylinder 8 and above and below the second tube seat 11. The outlet 18 on the auxiliary cylinder 8 side and the inlet 1 on the jacket 5 side
7, and the outlet 16 on the jacket 5 side and the inlet 19 on the auxiliary cylinder 8 side are tubes 20 and 21, respectively.
It is connected at. Further, a liquid inlet 22 is provided on the side wall of the auxiliary cylinder 8 and above the outlet 18 provided therein.

Inside the outer cylinder 1, there is an inlet 3 to an outlet 4 of the outer cylinder 1.
A plurality of baffle plates 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d, 23e, 23 forming a maze leading to
f, 23g are provided to penetrate the first tube 7 inserted into the outer cylinder 1. Among the buff full plates 23a to 23g, the buff full plates 23b to 23f located in the middle have a notch 24 in a part thereof, and the positions of the notches 24 are shifted to opposite sides. 24 form a maze in the vertical direction. On the other hand, the full outer edges of the bent full plates 23a and 23g located at both the upper and lower ends are in contact with the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1,
It is located outside the passage from the inlet 3 to the outlet 4, that is, on the bottom side of the inlet 3 and above the outlet 4 of the outer cylinder 1.

Each of the above-mentioned bulk plates 23a to 23g is the third
As shown in the figure, it consists of a substrate 25 and a cloth 26 that covers this substrate 25. Holes 28 and 29 through which the first tube 7 and the connecting rod 27 pass are bored in the substrate 25 and have a diameter larger than the respective diameters of both members. The cloth 26 surrounding the substrate 25 has ears 30 sewn to each of the holes 28, 29 and the outer periphery, and each ear 30 covers the outer surface of the first tube 7, the connecting rod 15, and the outside of the connecting rod 15. Outer cylinder 1
It is designed to come into elastic contact with the inner surface of the
Reference numeral 31 denotes a spacer inserted between each of the baffle plates and fitted onto the connecting rod 27. One end of the connecting rod 27 is fixed to a stopper 32 fixed to the first tube sheet 6 with a nut 33, and a nut is similarly fixed to the other end of the connecting rod 27. This prevents the full plate from slipping out.

Substrate 25, cloth, 26, connecting rod 27, and spacer 3 that constitute the above-mentioned baffle plates 23a to 23g
1 are each made of ceramic.

The outer edge of each of the buffful plates may be in elastic contact with the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 through the ears 30 made of cloth 26 as described above, but as shown in FIG. An edge member 35 formed by wrapping 34 with cloth 26 may be sewn to the edge of the buff-full plate, and this edge member 35 may be brought into contact with the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1.

In the above configuration, the liquid to be evaporated is supplied from the liquid inlet 22 provided in the auxiliary cylinder 8, and is always introduced to the extent that it accumulates slightly above the second tube sheet 11. In this state, the liquid fills between the first and second tube sheets 6 and 11, the first and second tubes 7 and 12, and the jacket 5.

In the above state, combustion gas for heating is supplied from the inlet 3 of the outer cylinder 1.

In this way, the inner surface of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer surface of the first tube 7 are heated while the combustion gas passes through the labyrinth formed by the baffle plates and is discharged from the outlet 4.

Due to the heating from the outside of the first tube 7, the liquid becomes a gas-liquid mixture on the inner surface of the first tube 7 and gradually rises, and from between the first and second tube sheets 6 and 11, the liquid becomes vapor in a gas-liquid mixture. Passing through the extraction pipe 13, the liquid is discharged onto the upper surface of the second tube sheet 11 by the gas-liquid separator 14, and the steam is discharged into the lid 15, from which the liquid is discharged to the outside.

As the liquid on the inner surface of the first tube 7 rises in a gas-liquid mixed state, a thermosiphon effect works between the first tube 7 and the second tube 12, and the liquid on the upper side of the second tube sheet 11 They are sequentially supplied to one tube 7.

During the salmon siphon action, the cross-sectional shape of the first tube 7 is donut-shaped and its cross-sectional area is smaller than that of a circle, and its volume is small, so that the liquid in the first tube 7 can be received per unit volume. The amount of heat increases, and vaporization occurs rapidly in this area. Therefore, the rising speed of the gas-liquid mixture rising through the first tube 7 is fast, and therefore the heat transfer coefficient within the first tube 7 is large.

On the other hand, the liquid in the jacket 5 of the outer cylinder 1 is also heated from its inner wall surface and becomes a gas-liquid mixture, which flows from the outlet 16 provided on the upper side of the jacket 5 to the tube 21 and the inlet 19 on the side of the auxiliary cylinder 8. 1st
It rises to the upper side of the tube sheet 6 and exits from there through the steam vent pipe 13 in a gas-liquid mixed state.

First tube sheet 6 and second tube sheet 1
When the steam exits through the steam vent pipe 13 between the tube and the tube 1, the liquid mixed in with the steam is separated by the gas-liquid separator 14, and the liquid is dropped onto the second tube sheet 11.

Since the present invention is as described above, the high-temperature combustion gas flowing in from the lower opening of the outer cylinder 1 travels a long distance inside the outer cylinder 1 through the labyrinth formed by the baffle plates 23a to 23g. Thermal efficiency is good because it passes at high speed. Further, the liquid in the first tube 7 becomes a gas-liquid mixture and rises at a high speed, so that the heat transfer coefficient in the first tube 7 can be increased. Further, by inserting the second tube 12 into the first tube 7 and opening the upper end of the second tube 12 to the liquid supply side, a thermosiphon effect is exerted between the first and second tubes 7 and 12. Liquid circulation can be improved without using special equipment. Furthermore, by providing a gas-liquid separator 14 at the upper end of the steam vent pipe 13 provided on the second tube sheet 11, liquid can be efficiently separated from the vapor in the gas-liquid mixed state rising from the bottom of the second tube sheet 11. It can be separated well, and only dry steam can be extracted from the steam extraction pipe 15a of the lid 15. Further, by providing the jacket 5 on the side wall of the outer cylinder 1, the heat inside the outer cylinder 1 can be used efficiently, and the side wall of the outer cylinder 1 can be prevented from becoming high temperature. It can be constructed from inexpensive materials. Furthermore, as a result of integrating the above-mentioned effects, it is possible to obtain an evaporator that has good thermal efficiency and is compact.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view showing the main parts, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the buff-full plate, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the buff-full plate. 1 is an outer cylinder, 5 is a jacket, 6 and 11 are tube sheets, 7 and 12 are tubes, 13 is a steam venting pipe, 14 is a gas-liquid separator, 15 is a lid body, 15a
is a steam extraction pipe, and 23a to 23g are full plates.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 An outer cylinder 1 having a closed lower end and an open upper side, with openings provided at the top and bottom of the side wall, the side wall being hollow, and a jacket 5 provided inside the side wall, and this outer cylinder 1.
A first tube sheet 6 closes the upper end, and an outer cylinder 1 whose open end passes through and is fixed to the first tube sheet 6.
a plurality of bottomed first tubes 7 located within;
a second tube sheet 11 spaced apart above the first tube sheet 6 and covering the entire open portion of the first tube 7;
A plurality of second tubes 12 are inserted into the interior of the first tube 7 and open at both ends with the lower ends facing the bottom of the first tube 7.
, a steam venting pipe 13 whose lower end penetrates and is fixed to the second tube sheet 11 and whose upper end is provided with a gas-liquid separator 14, and a lid which covers the upper part of the second tube sheet 11 and has a steam extraction pipe 15a. body 15, and baffle plates 23a to 23, which are located inside the outer cylinder 1 and are provided with the first tube 7 inserted therethrough, and have a labyrinth configuration between the upper and lower openings of the outer cylinder 1.
g, and the second tube sheet 11
Openings are provided at positions shifted in the vertical direction on the upper side, other openings are provided between the first and second tube sheets 6 and 11, and further openings are provided at the top and bottom of the jacket 5 of the outer cylinder 1, respectively. , the lower opening of the jacket 5 is connected to the lower opening of the upper openings of the second tube sheet 11, and the upper opening of the jacket 5 is connected to the opening between the tube sheets 6 and 11, respectively. An evaporator featuring: