JPH0559744A - Handling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a handling device using a back hoe and capable or easily and exactly making moving and setting operations of heavy parts in the civil construction work. CONSTITUTION:A handling device is made up of a hand part 20 capable of freely holding and releasing heavy materials, which can be attached to the tip of a back hoe device 3 and a remote-control operator 27 for each control valve for the back hoe device 3. A heavy-material A is held by the hand part 20 and set on a desired position by means of the back hoe device 3 of the operator 27 by a worker near the hand part 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a handling device for civil engineering and construction which carries and installs heavy objects.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In road construction, for example, there is a case in which a concrete block for a boundary or a concrete block for a gutter having a length of about 60 cm is installed between a roadway and a sidewalk. In this case, the block is transported to the construction site by a truck, but the block removed from the truck is often transported to an installation site by using an auxiliary device such as a unicycle or by being directly held by a worker.

[0003]

As described above, it is a heavy labor to manually load and unload concrete blocks, which are heavy objects, even if auxiliary equipment such as a unicycle is used. Therefore, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-219729, a hydraulic power handling device is provided at the tip of the arm of a large power shovel, and the block is clamped by this handling device. There is a way to carry it. However, in this configuration, the arm and the boom of the power shovel are operated by the operator who is seated in the driver's seat of the swivel, so that the operator and the handling device are inevitably separated from each other.
Therefore, it is very difficult for an operator sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel to accurately place the block at the installation location while visually checking the handling device. Further, in road construction in urban areas where many buildings are adjacent to each other, it is often difficult to use the above-described large power shovel. An object of the present invention is to provide a handling device that can easily and accurately carry and install heavy objects even in a work area that is not so large.

[0004]

The feature of the present invention resides in that the above-mentioned handling device is constructed as follows. That is, [1] a hand unit that can be attached to the tip of the backhoe device in the backhoe and that can hold and discharge heavy objects, and an operation unit that remotely operates each control valve for operating the backhoe device that is provided in the backhoe. And the handling device is configured. [2] In the structure of [1] above, the maximum operating speed of the backhoe device is provided with a shift means capable of switching between a standard speed for excavation work state and a low speed for handling work state. [3] In the configuration of [2] above, in the reduction gear ratio from the standard speed for the excavation work state to the low speed for the handling work state in the speed change means, the reduction ratio of the boom in the backhoe device and the reduction ratio of the arm in the backhoe device. , And the reduction ratio of the swivel supporting the backhoe device of 3
The reduction ratios of the groups are set to different ones. [4] In the configuration of the above item [2] or [3], the speed change means includes the control valve for the first hydraulic cylinder of the boom in the backhoe device, the control valve for the second hydraulic cylinder of the arm in the backhoe device, and the backhoe device. The excavation work state in which the hydraulic oil from the pump is normally supplied to the three control valves for the swing hydraulic motors of the swivel to be supported, and the handling work in which the flow rate is lower than this excavation work state It is a flow rate switching unit that can be switched to a state. [5] In the configuration according to any one of the above [1] to [4], a normal excavation work state in which each control valve is operated only based on the operation of the operation lever on the backhoe side for operating each control valve, A switching means is provided for switching to a handling work state in which each control valve is operated only based on the operation of the operation section. [6] In the configuration of the above [5], the switching means cuts off the operation signal from the operation unit and sends the operation signal from the control device based on the operation of the operation lever to each control valve. The operation signal from the device is cut off and the operation signal is switched from the operation portion to the handling work state in which the operation signal is sent to each control valve. [7] In the configuration of the above item [5] or [6], the switching means is provided in the operation portion. [8] In the configuration of [4] above, based on the normal excavation work state in which each control valve is operated only based on the operation of the operation lever on the backhoe side for operating each control valve, and the operation of the operation unit only. The control valve is provided with switching means for switching to a handling work state in which the control valve is operated, and the flow rate switching unit controls the flow rate of the hydraulic oil from the pump and supplies it to each control valve, and the operation from the pump. Exhaust work position where oil is supplied to each control valve without the flow control valve, and hydraulic oil from the pump is supplied to each control valve through the flow control valve at a flow rate lower than that of the excavation work state. A directional control valve that can be switched to the handling work position and a check valve that prevents the hydraulic oil from the pump from being sent to the tank via the flow control valve when the directional control valve is in the excavation work position , The direction switching valve is switched to the excavation work position in conjunction with the switching operation to the excavation work state by the switching means, and the direction switching valve is moved to the handling work position in conjunction with the switching operation to the handling work state by the switching means. The switching means and the direction switching valve are linked so that the switching operation can be performed.

[9] In the configuration of [8] above, the flow rate switching unit includes
Equipped with an auxiliary flow rate control valve that supplies a smaller flow rate to each control valve than the flow rate control valve, and each direction control valve controls hydraulic oil from the pump through the auxiliary flow rate control valve with a flow rate that is less than the handling state The auxiliary switching means is provided with an ultra-low-speed handling work position for supplying to the valve, and the operating portion is provided with auxiliary switching means capable of switching to the ultra-low-speed working state. The auxiliary switching means and the directional switching valve are linked so that the directional switching valve is switched to the ultra-low speed handling work position when the switching operation is performed to the working state. [10] From the previous item [1]

In any one configuration of [9], the operation unit is provided with an emergency stop switch capable of performing an emergency stop operation of the engine of the backhoe. [11] In the configuration according to any one of [1] to [10] above, the hand unit is attached to the tip of the arm of the backhoe device or the back surface of the bucket.

[0005]

[Action]

[I] The hand part 2 is configured as in the above item [1] and is provided at the tip of the backhoe device 3 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example.
It is assumed that 0 is attached and the operation unit 27 is linked to the control valve on the backhoe side. In this way, a worker who is near the hand unit 20 attaches the operation unit 27 to the waist or the like with a belt or the like, and holds the heavy item A on the hand unit 20 with one hand on the hand unit 20 or the heavy item A. By operating the operation unit 27 so as to be attached to, the backhoe device 3 can be moved to carry the heavy load A to a desired position. In this case, since the operator who operates the backhoe device 3 with the operation unit 27 is in the immediate vicinity of the hand unit 20 and the heavy object A, the operator accurately determines the positional relationship between the heavy object A and the desired position. It is easy to grasp, and the operation part 27 can be operated to accurately carry the heavy object A to a desired position. In particular, if the small backhoe is equipped with the handling device of the present invention, it is possible to easily enter and perform work even in a narrow work area such as an urban area.

[II] In the case of the construction of the above [2], it is sufficient to switch the transmission means to the low speed side in the handling operation state in which the hand portion is attached to the tip portion of the backhoe device. As a result, when the backhoe device is moved by the operation unit as in the above item [1], they operate at low speed, so that the heavy object can be accurately and safely installed at a desired position.

[III] Under normal excavation work conditions, the operating speeds of the three sets of boom, arm and swivel, and the ratio of the operating speeds of the three sets are set to those suitable for normal excavation work conditions. There is. In this case, if configured as in the previous section [3], in the handling work state, for example, the swivel base swivels at an extremely low speed, and the boom and arm operate at a slightly low speed. The operating speeds of the three sets of arms can be set to an appropriate speed different from the normal excavation work state depending on the handling work state. Then, the ratio of the operating speeds of the three sets can also be set to an appropriate ratio different from the normal excavation work state according to the handling work state.

[IV] In the case of the constitution [4], the flow rate switching unit may be switched to the handling work state in the handling work state in which the hand portion is attached to the tip of the backhoe. As a result, hydraulic oil having a flow rate smaller than that in the normal excavation work state is supplied to the swing hydraulic motor, the first hydraulic cylinder of the boom of the backhoe device, and the second hydraulic cylinder of the arm. The swivel base, the boom and arm of the backhoe device operate at low speed, and work can be performed accurately and safely. In this case, since the flow rate of the hydraulic oil itself is reduced, the operating speed of the swivel base, the boom and the arm can be reliably set to a low speed.

[V] In the case of the constitution as described in the above item [5], the switching means is operated to operate only the operation portion by operating the switching means when the hand portion is attached to the tip portion of the backhoe device. The backhoe device should be in operation. As a result, another worker may erroneously operate the operation lever near the driver's seat in the backhoe during the above-mentioned handling work state, and the backhoe device may unexpectedly operate for the worker on the hand side. The situation can be prevented.

[VI] If configured as in the above item [6],
In a normal excavation work state, the switching means is operated to set the excavation work state. By this, the control device (operation lever side)
Since an operation signal is input to each control valve for the backhoe device from this, a worker sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel can operate the operation lever to operate the backhoe device and perform normal excavation work. Then, various existing controls based on the operating position of the operating lever (the swivel base according to the operating position of the operating lever, the adjustment of the operating speed of the boom and the arm, the first and second hydraulic pressures when the boom and the arm reach the operating limit). The control such as automatically decelerating the cylinder operation) is performed as usual. In this case, since the operation signal from the operation unit of the handling device is cut off, the backhoe device will not operate based on this operation even if another operator mistakenly operates the operation unit, and the swivel base will not operate. The backhoe device does not operate unexpectedly for a worker sitting in the driver's seat.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, if the hand portion 20 is attached to the tip of the backhoe device 3, the switching means is operated to set the handling work state. With this configuration, the operation signal from the control device is blocked, and the operation signal from the operation unit 27 is directly input to each control valve for the backhoe device without passing through the control device. As a result, an operator near the hand unit 20 operates the operation unit 27 with the hand unit 20 holding the heavy object A, thereby operating the backhoe device 3 to move the heavy object A to a desired position. Can be carried up to. In this case, since the operation signal from the control device is cut off, even if an operator sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel operates the operation lever by mistake, the backhoe device may operate based on this operation. Absent.
Since the operation signal from the operation unit does not pass through the control device, the above-mentioned electrical signals for various controls generated in the control device do not enter the operation signal from the operation unit, and work on the hand unit side The backhoe device does not operate unexpectedly for the worker.

[VII] When equipped with a handling device, a backhoe device is provided for a worker who sits on the driver's seat of the swivel base in a state where the worker is present on both the driver's seat of the swivel base and the outside hand section side. When comparing a state in which the backhoe device operates unexpectedly with a state in which the backhoe device operates unexpectedly for the worker on the hand side, the worker on the hand part side in the immediate vicinity of the operating backhoe device is more dangerous. The degree is high. In this case, with the configuration of [7], the switching operation between the excavation work state and the handling work state can be performed only by the worker on the hand unit side having the operation unit. In this way, if the worker on the hand side performs the switching operation, the worker on the hand side can always recognize whether the current state is the excavation work state or the handling work state. it can. As a result, if there is an operator in the driver's seat of the swivel in the excavation work state, the operator on the hand side can predict that the operator will operate the backhoe device. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the backhoe device from operating unexpectedly.

[VIII] According to the constitution [8] above, if the switching means is switched to the excavation work state, the direction switching valve of the flow rate switching unit is automatically switched to the excavation work position in conjunction with this. To be done. As a result, the total flow rate of the hydraulic oil from the pump is supplied to each control valve without passing through the flow control valve, and the backhoe device and the swivel base are operated at a normal speed by the worker sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel base. It In this case, since the check valve prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing to the flow control valve side, the operating speed of the backhoe device and the swivel base does not drop in this normal excavation work state. When the switching means is switched to the handling work state, the direction switching valve of the flow rate switching unit is automatically switched to the handling work position in conjunction with this. As a result, the hydraulic oil from the pump is supplied to each control valve via the flow control valve at a flow rate lower than that in the excavation work state, and the backhoe device and the swivel base are operated for the handling work state by the operation signal from the operation unit. Operates at low speed.

[IX] Previous Item

When configured as in [9],
When the handling work state is selected by the switching means, if the auxiliary switching means of the operating section is switched to the ultra-low speed handling work state, the directional switching valve of the flow rate switching unit will be linked to this and the ultra-low speed handling work position will be linked. Is automatically switched to. As a result, the hydraulic oil from the pump is supplied to each control valve via the auxiliary flow control valve at a flow rate lower than that in the handling work state. Therefore, particularly dangerous handling work or handling work requiring high work accuracy can be performed safely and accurately at an ultra-low speed.

[X] In the case of the construction as described in [10] above, if a dangerous state occurs while operating the operating portion of the handling device, the emergency stop switch of the operating portion is operated to operate the backhoe. It is possible to avoid the danger by stopping the engine in an emergency and stopping the backhoe device itself.

[XI] If the hand portion is attached to the tip of the arm or the back surface of the bucket as in the above [11], when the backhoe device is operated in each direction by the operation part, the backhoe device operates over substantially the entire operating range. You can take the hand part. Further, when the hand portion is attached to the back surface of the bucket, it is possible to eliminate the trouble of removing the bucket when attaching the hand portion.

[0017]

As described in claim 1, by equipping the backhoe with the handling device of the present invention, it becomes possible to easily move and install heavy objects using the hand part, and improve workability. I was able to do it. Then, since the backhoe device is operated by the worker who is in the immediate vicinity of the hand portion, it becomes possible to accurately move and install the heavy load.

According to the second aspect, the maximum operating speed of the backhoe device can be set to a low speed in the above-mentioned handling work state, so that the accuracy and safety in the handling work state can be improved. According to the third aspect of the invention, the turning speed of the swivel base and the operating speeds of the three sets of the boom and the arm are set to appropriate values according to the situation of the handling work state, and the ratio of the operating speeds of the three sets is also set. Since it is set to an appropriate one, it becomes possible to deal with various handling works and improve workability. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the low speed state during the handling work state can be surely revealed by suppressing the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, the safety during the handling work state can be further enhanced.

According to the present invention, the directional switching valve of the flow rate switching unit is automatically switched in association with the switching operation to the excavation work state and the handling work state by the switching means. Both the directional control valve and the directional control valve can be switched at the same time, which improves the operability. The check valve also prevents the situation where normal excavation work cannot be performed. According to the ninth aspect, the handling work can be performed at an ultra-low speed, so that the safety can be sufficiently ensured especially in the dangerous handling work and the working precision can be improved. Become. Then, the directional switching valve of the flow rate switching unit is automatically switched in conjunction with the switching operation to the ultra-low speed handling work state by the switching means, so that both switching operations of the switching means and the directional switching valve can be performed simultaneously. It will be easy to operate. According to the structure of claim 10, if the worker on the hand side becomes in a dangerous state during the handling work state, the emergency stop switch of the operation part can also perform an emergency stop of the engine of the backhoe, which further enhances safety. Will be high.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the situation in which the backhoe device operates unexpectedly for each of the worker sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel and the worker on the hand side. It is possible to improve safety. According to the sixth aspect of the invention, in the normal excavation work state and the handling work state, the operation signal from the control device on the operation lever side and the operation signal from the operation unit of the handling device are not confused by the switching means. Therefore, for each of the worker sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel and the worker on the hand side, it is possible to further reduce the situation in which the backhoe device unexpectedly operates, The safety can be further increased. According to the seventh aspect, the worker on the hand side can always recognize whether it is the excavation work state or the handling work state, so that the backhoe device operates unexpectedly for the worker on the hand side. The state can be further reduced, and the safety of the worker on the hand side can be further enhanced. According to the eleventh aspect, since the hand portion can be carried over substantially the entire operating range of the backhoe device, there is a wasteful part where the hand portion cannot be carried within the operating range of the backhoe device. Therefore, the workability can be improved. Further, the bucket is not bothered to be removed and the handling is easy.

[0021]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows the entire side surface of a backhoe,
A swivel base 2 is supported on an upper part of a rubber crawler type traveling device 1, and a backhoe device 3 is provided in front of the swivel base 2. The backhoe device 3 includes a boom 4 vertically rocked by a first hydraulic cylinder 11, an arm 5 vertically rocked by a second hydraulic cylinder 12, and a scraping rocking drive by a third hydraulic cylinder 13. The bucket 6 is provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a swing hydraulic motor 14 is provided for driving the swing base 2 to swing.

The boom 4 in the backhoe device 3 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, a first boom portion 4a that is swingably driven up and down, a second boom portion 4b that is swingably connected left and right around an axis P1 at the front end of the first boom portion 4a, and a first boom portion 4b. The second boom portion 4b is composed of a support bracket 4c that is swingably connected about an axis P2 at the front end of the boom portion 4b, and an arm 5 is connected to the support bracket 4c. And
Linking links 8 are laid across the first boom portion 4a and the support bracket 4c to form a parallel four-link structure. The fourth hydraulic cylinder 7 swingably drives the second boom portion 4b to move the arm 5 Also, the bucket 6 is configured so that it can be moved left and right in parallel.

As shown in FIG. 6, a control valve 21 for the first hydraulic cylinder 11 of the boom 4, a control valve 22 for the second hydraulic cylinder 12 of the arm 5, and a control valve 24 for the swing hydraulic motor 14 of the swivel base 2 are provided. Has been. Then, the control valve 23 for the third hydraulic cylinder 13 (see FIG. 5) and the fourth boom portion 4b of the boom 4 at the fourth position.
A control valve 25 (see FIG. 5) for the hydraulic cylinder 7 is provided, and a pump 33 for supplying hydraulic oil to the control valves 21, 22, 24 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 6, the control valves 21 to 24 have three
It is a position switching type, and its switching operation parts 21a, 22a, 2
Pilot hydraulic oil is supplied from the pump 36 to 4a. Then, the electrical operation signal is sent to the switching operation units 21a, 2
When input to 2a, 24a, pilot pressure corresponding to this operation signal is generated in the switching operation parts 21a, 22a, 24a, and the pilot pressure switches the control valves 21-24. Then, the switching operation units 21a, 22a, 24
The pilot pressure is changed by the operation signal input to a to adjust the opening of the control valves 21 to 24, and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil to the first, second and third hydraulic cylinders 11, 12, 13 and the swing hydraulic motor 14 is adjusted. Is configured so that it can be changed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the swivel base 2 is provided with a right operation lever 9 and a left operation lever 10.
The right and left operation levers 9 and 10 can be operated in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. A potentiometer 15 for detecting the operation position of the right operation lever 9 in the front-rear direction and a potentiometer 16 for detecting the operation position in the left-right direction are provided. A potentiometer 17 for detecting the operation position of the operation lever 10 in the front-back direction and a potentiometer 18 for detecting the operation position of the left-right direction are provided. Then, operation signals from the potentiometers 15 to 18 are input to the control device 19. An operation pedal 26 is provided at the lower front portion of the swivel base 2, and an operation signal from the operation pedal 26 is input to the control device 19.

With the above construction, when the right operation lever 9 is operated forward or backward, the control valve 21 for the boom 4 is operated to the descending side or the ascending side, and when the right operating lever 9 is operated to the right or left, the control valve 23 discharges the soil of the bucket 6. Side or scraping side. or,
When the left operating lever 10 is operated forward or backward, the control valve 22 is operated to the raising side or the scraping side of the arm 5, and when it is operated to the right or left, the control valve 24 is operated to the swing right side or the swing left side. Further, by depressing the operation pedal 26 to the right or left, the control valve 25 is operated to the right or left swinging side of the second boom portion 4b.

In the above operation, the potentiometers 15 to 18 for the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 detect not only the operation direction of the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 but also the operation amount from the neutral position thereof. There is. As a result, the larger the operation amount of the right and left operation levers 9 and 10, the larger the control valve 21.
˜24 is operated toward the larger flow rate, that is, the larger the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 are operated, the first, second,
3 hydraulic cylinders 11, 12, 13 and swing hydraulic motor 1
4 is configured to operate at high speed.

Next, the handling device of the present invention mounted on the above-mentioned backhoe will be described. The handling device of the present invention is mainly configured by a hand unit 20 and an operation box 27 (corresponding to an operation unit). In the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a wire 37 is attached to the back surface of the bucket 6 of the backhoe device 3. It is in a state where the hand unit 20 is attached via the. The hand unit 20 is a self-weight type sandwiching type in which the block A is sandwiched by the pair of left and right arms 20a by the weight of the concrete block A (corresponding to a heavy object) held. A dolly 35 is connected to the dozer 34 provided on the backhoe, and the block A is placed on the dolly 35.

When the hand unit 20 is equipped, the operation box 27 is connected to the main body side via a cable 38. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the operation box 27 includes a first operation stick 28, a second operation stick 29 and a third operation stick 30, which can be operated up and down, and a speed changeover switch 32 for operating speed of the boom 4 and the like. (Corresponding to auxiliary switching means), and an emergency stop switch 31 for emergency stop of the engine 39 for driving the pumps 33 and 36 shown in FIG.

Next, the connection between the operation box 27 and the backhoe main unit will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, a first relay switch 41 and a second relay switch 42 are provided on the unit side, and the operation signal from the control device 19 is divided into two systems to divide the first and second relay switches 41, 42 has been input. Then, from the first relay switch 41 to the boom 4, the arm 5, and the control valves 21, 22, 22 for the swivel base 2.
The operation signal is input to 24, and the operation signal is input from the second relay switch 42 to the control valves 23 and 25 for the bucket 6 and the second boom portion 4b.

In the operation box 27, the first, second, third
Operation signals from the operation sticks 28, 29, 30 are input to the first relay switch 41 via the cable 38. Then, the position changeover switch 40 for changing over the first and second relay switches 41 and 42 on the main body side.
An operation box 27 (corresponding to a switching unit) is provided.

With the above structure, in the handling work state using the hand section 20 and the operation box 27,
A worker (not shown) near the hand unit 20 attaches the operation box 27 to the waist with the belt 43 shown in FIG.
To the ground side.

As a result, the first and second relay switches 41 and 42 of FIG. 5 are switched to the operation box 27 side, and the operation signal from the control device 19 is cut off by the first and second relay switches 41 and 42. To be done. Then, the first, second and third operation sticks 28, 29, 30 of the operation box 27
The operation signal from the boom 4, the arm 5 and the swivel base 2 does not pass through the control device 19 via the first relay switch 41.
The control valves 21, 22 and 24 for use are input.
Then, the pilot lamp 44 (see FIG. 3 and FIG. 4) indicating that it is in the handling work state is turned on.

Therefore, when the first operation stick 28 of the operation box 27 is operated up and down, the control valve 21 for the boom 4 is moved.
Is operated to the down side or the up side, and the second operation stick 2
When 9 is operated up and down, the control valve 22 is operated to the raising side or the scraping side of the arm 5. Then, when the third operation stick 30 is operated up and down, the control valve 24 is operated to the right or left of the turning, and handling work such as movement and installation of the block A by the hand portion 20 can be performed (the third operation stick 30 is operated. A buzzer (not shown) is configured to ring during the turning operation. The first, second and third operation sticks 28, 29 and 30 are of a neutral return type, and when the hands of the first, second and third operation sticks 28, 29 and 30 are released, they are returned to neutral and the control valves 21, 22 and 22. 24 also returns to the neutral position and the boom 4 and the like stop.

In this case, the operator who operates the operation box 27 operates the operation box 27 on the assumption that he / she is sitting on the driver's seat of the swivel base 2 and is working. Since the operation signal from the control device 19 is cut off, the swivel base 2 and the backhoe device 3 are not operated even if another worker operates the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 of the swivel base 2.

At the time of handling work as described above, the control valve 2 is operated by an operation signal from the operation box 27.
1, 22, 24 are completely switched from the neutral position to the fully opened state, and as described above, the right and left operating levers 9, 1
The opening is not adjusted according to the operation position of 0. When the control valves 21, 22, 24 are fully opened in this way, the swivel base 2 and the like operate at high speed, but the swivel base 2 and the like operate at a low speed during the handling work state due to the configuration described later. There is.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the middle of each of the hydraulic oil supply systems from each pump 33 to the control valves 21, 22, 24,
Flow rate switching unit 45 for flow rate control (corresponding to speed changing means)
Is provided. The flow rate switching unit 45 is formed in one block shape, and in this block, an electromagnetically operated three-position switching type directional control valve 46, a flow rate control valve 47, an auxiliary flow rate control valve 48 and two check valves are provided. With 49,
One flow rate switching unit 45 is configured.

With the above structure, when the position changeover switch 40 of the operation box 27 is operated to the ground side, the direction changeover valve 46 is changed over to the handling work position 46b or the ultra-low speed handling work position 46c. In this case, when the speed changeover switch 32 of the operation box 27 is operated to the normal side, the direction changeover valve 46 is changed over to the handling work position 46b.

As a result, the hydraulic fluid from the pump 33 passes from the direction switching valve 46 to the flow rate control valve 47, the control flow having a small flow rate passes from the flow rate control valve 47 to the check valve 49, and the control valves 21, 22, 24. Is supplied to. In the handling work state, as described above, the control valves 21 and 2 are operated.
Although the valves 2 and 24 are operated in the fully open state, a small flow rate is supplied by the action of the direction switching valve 46 and the flow rate control valve 47, so the first and second hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 and the swing hydraulic motor 14 operate at a low speed. Of.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, in the first hydraulic cylinder 11 for the boom 4, the oil chamber 11b on the descending side and the control valve 21 are directly connected by the oil passage 54, but the oil chamber on the ascending side is connected. A check valve 56 (stops the flow from the oil chamber 11a to the control valve 21), a variable throttle valve 57, and an electromagnetically operated opening / closing valve 58 are provided in an oil passage 55 connecting the control valve 21 and the valve 11a. .. Then, when the position changeover switch 40 of the operation box 27 is operated to the ground side, the opening / closing valve 58 is closed. Accordingly, when the boom 4 is lowered during the handling work state, the first
The hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 11a on the rising side of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is
It is returned to the control valve 21 side through the variable throttle valve 57. Therefore, the boom 4 is configured to descend at a sufficiently low speed when the boom 4 is descended during the handling work state.

In each of the flow rate switching units 45 for the first and second hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 and the swing hydraulic motor 14,
The flow rate of the control flow of each flow rate control valve 47 (the reduction ratio from the normal excavation work state), that is, the operating speed is set to be different. For example, the flow rate of the control flow in the flow control valve 47 for the swivel base 2 is ⅕ of the fully open state, and the flow rate of the control flow in the flow control valve 47 for the boom 4 is ½ of the fully open state.
˜⅓, the flow rate control valve 47 for the arm 5 is set so that the flow rate of the control flow is 1 / 2.5 to ⅓ of the fully open state. Thus, the reason why the turning speed of the swivel base 2 is made particularly low is that a worker often stands on the right or left side of the hand portion 20 in the handling work state, so that when the swivel base 2 swivels at high speed, This is because there is a high risk that 5 will hit the worker.

From the above state, when the speed changeover switch 32 of the operation box 27 is operated to the fine speed side, the direction changeover valve 4
6 is switched to the ultra-low speed handling work position 46c. Therefore, the hydraulic oil from the pump 33 is transferred to the direction switching valve 46.
From the auxiliary flow rate control valve 48 to the auxiliary flow rate control valve 4
A control flow having a smaller flow rate than the flow control valve 47 from 8 is supplied to the control valves 21, 22, 24 through the check valve 49. As a result, the work can be performed by operating the first and second hydraulic cylinders 11 and 12 and the swing hydraulic motor 14 at a lower speed than in the handling work state described above. The above is the ultra-low speed handling work state.

When a dangerous state occurs in the above-mentioned handling work state and ultra-low speed handling work state, the emergency stop switch 31 of the operation box 27 is pushed.
As a result, the first, second and third operation sticks 28, 29,
When the operation signal from 30 disappears, the stop device 50 (see FIG. 5) on the main body side is activated to perform the emergency stop operation of the engine 39. An emergency stop switch (not shown) having the same function as the emergency stop switch 31 is also provided near the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 of the swivel base 2 on the machine side.

When the handling work at a predetermined position and the ultra-low speed handling work are finished and the work is moved to another place, the hook 59 fixed to the lower surface of the second boom portion 4b is used as shown in FIG. The hand portion 20 is hung, the arm 5 is swung slightly forward, and the wire 37 is tensioned. As a result, the hand unit 20 does not shake during movement.

When the position changeover switch 40 of the operation box 27 is operated to the driver's seat side in the above handling work state and ultra-low speed handling work state, as shown in FIG.
The first and second relay switches 41 and 42 shown in (4) are switched to the control device 19 side of the machine. As a result, the operation signal from the operation box 27 is blocked by the first and second relay switches 41 and 42, and the operation signal from the control device 19 is transmitted via the first and second relay switches 41 and 42 to the control valves 21 to 42. 25 is input. And FIG.
The direction switching valve 46 of each of the flow rate switching units 45 shown in (4) is switched to the excavation work position 46a, and the hydraulic oil from the pump 33 is supplied to all the control valves 21 to 25.
As a result, the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 of the swivel base 2,
By operating the operation pedal 26, the control valves 21-2
Normal excavation work can be performed by adjusting the opening degree of 5 and adjusting the speed from low speed to the maximum speed.

[Other Embodiments] In addition to the above, the hand unit 20 shown in FIG.
It is possible to use various types such as a type for sandwiching and a type for adsorbing on the upper surface of the heavy object A by negative pressure. In this case, the bucket 6 may be removed from the arm 5 and the hand unit 20 may be attached to the tip of the arm 5. Instead of the wire 37 as shown in FIG. 1, the bucket 6 is removed from the arm 5 as shown in FIG.
The universal joint 60 may be swingably connected around the horizontal axis P3 at the tip of the, and the hand portion 20 may be attached to the universal joint 60. The hand unit 20 of FIG.
Is a self-weight type sandwiching type in which the heavy object A is sandwiched by a pair of left and right tongs 20b. Then, the connection terminal 61 fixed to the tip of the arm 5 is connected to the connection terminal 63 of the connection cord 62 of the operation box 27. In the configuration shown in FIG. 9, the hand portion 20 is configured to support a long object at two positions in the longitudinal direction, and an actuator (not shown) that changes the direction of the hand portion 20 itself is provided and held. The posture of the heavy object A may be tilted arbitrarily. Further, the universal joint 60 may be a fixed joint, and the mounting position and the posture of the hand portion 20 may be changed by swinging and fixing the universal joint 60 around the horizontal axis P3. .. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the universal joint 60 may be connected to the fixed hook portion 6a on the back surface of the bucket 6, and the hand portion 20 may be attached to the universal joint 60.

In the hydraulic circuit shown in FIG. 6, the auxiliary flow rate control valve 48 of each flow rate switching unit 45 may not be equipped. In this case, the direction switching valve 46 is a two-position switching type, and the speed switching switch 32 shown in FIG. 3 is eliminated.
Then, the boom 4, the arm 5, and the control valve 2 of the swivel base 2
Instead of providing the flow rate switching unit 45 for each of the valves 1, 22, 24, a common flow rate switching unit 45 may be provided for each control valve 21, 22, 24.
Further, the flow rate switching unit 45 may not be provided, and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil may be suppressed by the control valves 21, 22, 24 itself in FIG. 6 in the handling work state. That is, when the handling work is performed by the operation box 27, the control valves 21, 22, 24 are not in the fully opened state like the normal excavation work state, and the opening is smaller than this. In this case, the control valves 21, 22, 24
The device itself serves as the speed changing device of the present invention. Then, in this handling work state,
According to the operation amount from the neutral position of the 2,3 operation sticks 28,29,30, the opening degree of the control valves 21,22,24 is adjusted to be large or small so that the boom 4, the arm 5 and the It may be configured so that the speed of the swivel base 2 can be adjusted. Each pump 33 of the boom 4, the arm 5 and the swivel base 2 in FIG. 6 is configured as a variable capacity type, and is operated so as to suppress the discharge amount of each pump 33 during a handling work state using the operation box 27. Or
A configuration may be adopted in which the rotation speed of the engine 39 is reduced to reduce the discharge amount of the pump 33, or the maximum operating speeds of the boom 4, the arm 5 and the swivel base 2 are switched to a lower speed side as a whole. Good. As described above, the flow rate switching unit 45, the control valves 21, 22, 24 itself, the variable displacement pump, and the like serve as the speed changing means according to claim 2 or claim 3.
When the emergency stop switch 31 of the operation box 27 is pushed, the pump 33 may be stopped without stopping the engine 39, or the pump 33 and the flow rate switching unit 45 may be unloaded. ..

The position changeover switch 40 shown in FIG. 4 may be provided on the swivel base 2 instead of the operation box 27. If the operation box 27 is connected to the main body side instead of the position changeover switch 40 shown in FIG. 4, the first and second relay switches 41 and 4 shown in FIG.
2 is switched to the ground side, and operation box 2
7 is removed from the machine, the first and second relay switches 41,
42 may be configured to be switched to the driver's seat side. Further, when the operation box 27 is connected to the machine side, even if the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 and the operation pedal 26 are operated while the operation signal is transmitted from the operation box 27 side, this operation is ignored. On the contrary, while the right and left operation levers 9 and 10 and the operation pedal 26 are being operated, even if an operation signal is transmitted from the operation box 27 side, the above-mentioned switching means is configured to be ignored. May be.

In the above-described configuration of FIGS. 3 and 4, the operation box 27 may be configured as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this, the first, second and third operation sticks 2 of FIG.
Instead of 8, 29, 30, a pair of first button switches 5
1, the pair of second button switches 52 and the pair of third button switches 53 are provided. For example, when one of the pair of first button switches 51 is pressed, the boom 4 continues to be lifted, and The boom 4 stops rising when the first button switch 51 is released. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the operation box 27 is the cable 3
Although it is connected to the main body side via 8, it may be configured as a wireless type using a transmitter and a receiver, and conversely, the operation box 27 may be directly attached to the arm 5. Good. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 and 5, each control valve 21 to
24 is a type in which the flow rate can be controlled.
-24 may be configured as a three-position switching type in which the flow rate is not controllable.

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a backhoe in a state in which a hand portion of a handling device is attached to a bucket, an operation box is connected to the main body side, and a dozer pulls a carriage.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of a backhoe in a state in which a hand portion of a handling device is attached to a bucket, an operation box is connected to the machine side, and a dozer pulls a cart.

FIG. 3 is an overall front view of an operation box of a handling device.

FIG. 4 is an overall plan view of an operation box of the handling device.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a linked state of operation boxes of control valves, control devices, and handling devices.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing a first hydraulic cylinder and control valve for a boom, a second hydraulic cylinder and control valve for an arm, a swing hydraulic motor and control valve for a swivel, and a flow rate switching unit.

FIG. 7 is an overall front view of an operation box of a handling device according to a first alternative embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an overall plan view of an operation box of a handling device according to a first alternative embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an overall plan view of the backhoe in a state in which the hand portion of the handling device is attached to the arm, the operation box is connected to the main body side, and the dozer pulls the carriage in the second alternative embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a side view of the vicinity of a hand portion of a handling device according to a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 swivel base 3 backhoe device 4 boom 5 arm 6 bucket 9, 10 operation lever 11 first hydraulic cylinder 12 second hydraulic cylinder 14 swivel hydraulic motor 19 control device 20 hand part 21, 22, 24 control valve 27 operation part 31 emergency stop Switch 32 Auxiliary switching means 33 Pump 39 Engine 40 Switching means 45 Speed changing means, flow rate switching unit 46 Directional switching valve 46a Directional switching valve excavation work position 46b Directional switching valve handling work position 46c Directional switching valve ultra-low speed handling work position 47 Flow control valve 48 Auxiliary flow control valve 49 Check valve A Heavy goods

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A hand part (20) which can be attached to the tip of a backhoe device (3) of a backhoe and can hold and discharge a heavy load (A), and a backhoe device (3) provided on the backhoe. A handling device configured to include an operation unit (27) for remotely operating each control valve (21), (22), (24) for operation. 2. A speed change means (45) capable of switching the maximum operating speed of the backhoe device (3) between a standard speed for excavation work and a low speed for handling work. Handling equipment. 3. The speed reduction ratio of the boom (4) in the backhoe device (3), the backhoe in the reduction ratio from the standard speed for excavation work state to the low speed for handling work state in the speed change means (45). The three reduction ratios of the reduction ratio of the arm (5) in the device (3) and the reduction ratio of the swivel base (2) supporting the backhoe device (3) are set to be different from each other. The handling device described. 4. The control means (21) for the first hydraulic cylinder (11) of the boom (4) of the backhoe device (3), the speed change means (45), the arm (5) of the backhoe device (3). ) Second hydraulic cylinder (1
2) control valve (22), and swing hydraulic motor (1) of the swivel base (2) supporting the backhoe device (3).
4) control valves (24) for three control valves (21), (2
A flow rate switching unit capable of switching between an excavation work state in which the hydraulic oil from the pump (33) is normally supplied to the 2) and (24) and a handling work state in which the flow rate is lower than the excavation work state. (45) The handling device according to claim 2 or 3. 5. The control valves (21), (22), (2)
4) Operation levers (9), (1) on the backhoe side for operation
Each control valve (21), (22),
Each control valve (21), based on only the normal excavation work state in which (24) is operated and the operation of the operation section (27).
A switching means (40) for switching to a handling work state in which (22) and (24) are operated.
The handling device according to any one of 4 to 4. 6. An operation signal from a control device (19) based on an operation of the operation levers (9) and (10), wherein the switching means (40) interrupts an operation signal from the operation section (27). The control valves (21), (22), (2
4) the normal excavation work state sent to the control device (1)
The operation signal from 9) is cut off, and the operation signal from the operation unit (27) is transmitted to the control valves (21), (22), (2).
6. The handling device according to claim 5, which is operated to switch to a handling work state for sending to 4). 7. The operation means (2) is provided with the switching means (40).
7. The handling device according to claim 5, which is provided in 7). 8. The control valves (21), (22), (2)
4) Operation levers (9), (1) on the backhoe side for operation
Each control valve (21), (22),
Each control valve (21), based on only the normal excavation work state in which (24) is operated and the operation of the operation section (27).
A switching means (40) for switching to a handling work state in which (22) and (24) are operated is provided, and the flow rate switching unit (45) suppresses the flow rate of the hydraulic oil from the pump (33), and Each control valve (21), (2
2) and the flow control valve (47) supplied to (24) and the hydraulic oil from the pump (33).
The total flow rate of each control valve (21), (2
2) and (24) to the excavation work position (46a) and the hydraulic oil from the pump (33) via the flow rate control valve (47) at a flow rate lower than that in the excavation work state. 21), (22), and (24), the directional switching valve (46) that can be switched to the handling working position (46b), and the directional switching valve (46) at the excavation working position (46a), A check valve (49) for preventing hydraulic oil from the pump (33) from being sent to the tank via the flow rate control valve (47), and switching operation to the excavation work state by the switching means (40). In conjunction with
The directional switching valve (46) is switched to the excavation work position (46a), and the directional switching valve (4) is linked with the switching operation to the handling work state by the switching means (40).
The switching means (40) and the directional switching valve (46) so that 6) is switched to the handling work position (46b).
The handling device according to claim 4, wherein the handling device and the device are linked together. 9. An auxiliary flow rate control valve () for supplying the flow rate switching unit (45) with a flow rate smaller than that of the flow rate control valve (47) to each of the control valves (21), (22), (24). 48), the control valve (21) is supplied to the directional control valve (46) via the auxiliary flow rate control valve (48) at a flow rate lower than that in the handling work state. ), (22), (24) to supply ultra-low-speed handling work position (46c),
Further, the operation section (27) is provided with an auxiliary switching means (32) capable of switching to an ultra-low speed working state, and the switching means (4)
During switching to the handling work state by 0),
When the auxiliary switching means (32) is switched to the ultra-low speed working state, the direction switching valve (46) is switched to the ultra-low speed handling working position (46c) so that the auxiliary switching means (32) and the direction are changed. 9. Handling device according to claim 8, which is associated with a switching valve (46). 10. The emergency stop switch (31) capable of performing an emergency stop operation of the engine (39) of the backhoe, the operation part (27) being provided with any one of claims 1 to 9. Handling equipment. 11. The hand part (20) is connected to a tip of an arm (5) of a backhoe device (3) or a bucket (6).
The handling device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is attached to a back surface of the handling device.