JPH0559529B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a switch used for turning on/off a power source, switching polarity, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, a circuit as shown in FIG. 7 has been used in a switch for switching between forward and reverse rotation of a motor. That is, the movable bodies 1a and 1b that see-saw are mounted and supported on supports 2a and 2b, and the movable bodies 1a and 1b are simultaneously operated by a common operating member. Therefore, when the operating member is pressed to one side, the movable body 1a,
When 1b contacts one of the fixed contacts 3a, 3b and presses the operating member to the other, the movable bodies 1a, 1b contact the other fixed contacts 4a, 4b.

Since the fixed contacts 3a and 4b and the fixed contacts 3b and 4a are connected by the conductors 5 and 6, the movable body 1
As shown in the figure, a and 1b are fixed contacts 3a and 1b on the right side, respectively.
If it is in contact with the 3b side, the positive side of the power supply E →
Power is supplied to the motor M through the path on the negative side of the fixed contact 3a → movable body 1a → support body 2a → motor M → support body 2b → movable body 2a → fixed contact 3b → on/off switch 7 → power supply E. , motor M rotates forward.

Conversely, the movable bodies 1a and 1b are the left fixed contacts 4a,
4b side, the positive electrode side of power supply E → fixed contact 3a → conductor 5 → fixed contact 4b → movable body 1b → motor M → support body 2a → movable body 2a →
Power is supplied to the motor M through the path of the fixed contact 4a -> the conductor 6 -> the fixed contact 3b -> the on/off switch 7 -> the negative electrode side of the power supply E, and the motor M rotates in reverse.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the conventional switch, it is necessary to cross-connect the fixed contacts 3a and 4b and between the fixed contacts 3b and 4a with the conductors 5 and 6, and in addition to switching the polarity, the power switch 7
There are problems such as an increase in the number of parts and an increase in ground space. This consists of two movable bodies 1
This is due to the structure in which a and 1b move together in the same direction. Further, if a speed control circuit is provided and the power source is directly connected after the speed control operation, another switch is required, which causes problems such as an increase in the number of switches and a decrease in operability.

The technical problem of the present invention is to solve such problems with conventional switches and to enable the two movable bodies 1a and 1b to move independently, so that a single switch can be used for polarity switching and power supply. The object is to be able to provide both on and off switching functions.

[Means to solve the problem]

As shown in FIG. 1, sliders 8a and 8b, which are moved by the driver 10, are disposed on both sides of a driver 10 that reciprocates in response to an external operation. And at least both sliders 8a,
Movable contact pieces 9a and 9b for switching are attached to 8b. The movable contact piece 1 is also provided on the drive body 10.
1 may be attached.

A movable selection stopper 16 for regulating the stroke is disposed at one end of both sliders. That is, depending on the position of the selection stopper 16, the strokes of the two sliders 8a and 8b can be selectively regulated.

[Effect]

Coil springs 15a, 15b, etc. are interposed between the driving body 10 and the sliders 8a, 8b,
When the drive body 10 moves against the coil springs 15a, 15b, both the sliders 8a, 8b move, the movable contact pieces 9a, 9b slide, and a switching operation is performed.

At this time, when the selection stopper 16 is rotated, for example, to the position shown by the chain line a, the slider 8b becomes immovable, and switching is performed only by reciprocating the movable contact piece 9a of the other slider 8a. Conversely, when the selection stopper 16 is rotated, for example, to the position indicated by the broken line b, the slider 8a becomes immovable, and switching is performed only by reciprocating the movable contact piece 9b of the other slider 8b.

The driving body 10 is also equipped with a movable contact piece 11, and the driving body 10 resists the coil springs 15a and 15b.
0 is further moved, switching is also performed by the movable contact piece 11 of the drive body 10. This switching operation is performed by slider 8a or 8b.
The switching operation may be performed after a certain time delay, or may be performed at the same time as the switching operation by the movable contact pieces 9a, 9b.

〔Example〕

Next, examples will be used to explain how the switch according to the present invention is actually implemented. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the switch of the present invention, and FIG.
(1) is a diagram showing the operation of the switch of the present invention, where the upper row shows the moving state of the contact, the middle row shows the moving state of the slider, and the lower example shows the position of the stopper.

In FIG. 1, 8a and 8b are sliders having movable contact pieces 9a and 9b. A driving body 10 is placed on the sliders 8a, 8b, and the slider 8 is placed on the sliders 8a, 8b.
It can move in parallel with a and 8b, and has a movable contact piece 11.

A driving body 10 is provided on one side of the sliders 8a and 8b.
It has positioning driver receivers 12a, 12b, and the other has spring receivers 13a, 13b. Compression coil springs 15a, 15b are inserted between the spring receivers 14a, 14b of the driver 10 and the spring receivers 13a, 13b of the slider.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a selection stopper, and a neutral position indicated by a solid line n, a position a shown by a chain line, and a position b indicated by a broken line can be selected by an external operation.

Next, the operation of this switch will be explained. Assume that the selection stopper 16 is now located at position a, as shown by the chain line a. The driving body 10 is constantly moved in the direction of an arrow 17 by a spring or the like. In this position, move the driver 10 toward the arrow 1
7 and press in the direction of arrow 18, the slider 8 is pushed through the compression coil springs 15a and 15b.
a and 8b are pressed in the direction of the selection stopper 16. However, since the selection stopper 16 is at position a, making the left slider 8b immovable, only the right slider 8a moves without being obstructed by the selection stopper 16. When the driving body 10 is further moved in the direction of the arrow 18,
Only the driver 10 moves further against the compression coil spring 15a.

In this way, by moving one of the sliders 8a, a switching operation is performed by the movable contact piece 9a, and subsequently the driving body 10 moves.
Switching is effected by the movable contact piece 11 after a certain delay.

When the drive body 10 is returned in the direction of the arrow 17, the movable contact piece 11 first moves the movable contact piece 11, and later the movable contact piece 9a moves the
Switching is performed and the original state is returned.

When the driving body 10 is moved in the direction of the arrow 18 as described above with the selection stopper 16 moved to the position of the broken line b, the slider 8a is blocked by the selection stopper 16 and becomes immovable. Then, the other slider 8b moves and switching is performed by the movable contact piece 9b, and after a delay, the driving body 10 further moves and switching is performed by the movable contact piece 11.

Further, in response to moving the selection stopper 16 to the neutral position indicated by the solid line n, the driving body 10 is moved in the direction of the arrow 18. However, even if the sliders 8a and 8b are pressed in the direction of the arrow 18, both sliders 8a and 8b come into contact with the selection stopper 16 and cannot be moved.
No switching action is performed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing each state in the above operation, and a to c are states in which the driving body 10 has returned in the direction of the arrow 17. In this state, the movable contact piece 9
a connects between fixed contacts 19a and 20, and movable contact piece 9b connects between fixed contacts 19b and 20b. The movable contact piece 11 of the driver 10 has a common contact 2
It is located above 1.

Next, as shown in d...f, when the selection stopper 16 is rotated toward the slider 8b and the slider 8a is made movable, when the driver 10 is moved in the direction of the arrow 18, only the slider 8a is moved as shown in e. moves toward the selection stopper 16 via the coil spring 15a, so that the movable contact piece 9a closes to the common contact 2.
1 side, fixed contact 19a - common contact 21
connect between

When the driving body 10 is further moved as shown in g...i, the movable contact piece 11 connects between the power fixed contact 22 and the common contact 21, and turns on the power.

When the drive body 10 is returned to its original position, the movable contact piece 11 first separates from the power supply fixed contact 22 and enters the states d to f, and then the movable contact piece 9a separates from the common contact 21 and returns to the contact position a.

Next, as shown in j...l, when the selection stopper 16 is rotated toward the slider 8a and the slider 8b is made movable, when the driver 10 is moved in the direction of the arrow 18, only the slider 8b is moved as shown in k. moves toward the selection stopper 16 via the coil spring 15b, causing the movable contact piece 9b to close to the common contact 2.
1 side, fixed contact 20b - common contact 21
connect between

As in the case of g...i, when the driving body 10 is further moved, the movable contact piece 11 connects between the power supply fixed contact 22 and the common contact 21, and the power is turned on.

In this way, depending on whether the selection stopper 16 is turned to the f position or the (1) position, the movable contact piece 9
a and 9b can be selectively driven and connected to the common contact 21.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a motor rotation direction switching circuit using this switch mechanism. Fixed contacts 20a and 20b are connected to the positive side of power source E, and fixed contacts 19a and 19b are connected to both poles of motor M. Further, the common contact 21 is connected to the speed control circuit 23, and the fixed contact 22 is connected to the speed control circuit 23 and the negative electrode side of the power source E.

As shown by the solid lines, the movable contact pieces 9a and 9b are located on the side of the fixed contacts 20a and 20b, respectively, and as shown in FIG. 20b is connected, and both poles of the motor M are short-circuited. Therefore, the motor M cannot rotate, and the power switch of the motor M (common contact 21 - fixed contact 22
) is also in the off state.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2d, the movable contact piece 9a moves to the common contact 21 side and turns on the contact between the two, and in FIG.
Motor M → Fixed contact 19a → Movable contact piece 9a → Common contact 21 → Rotation control circuit 23 → Negative pole of power supply E,
Power is supplied to the motor M along the path , and the motor M begins to rotate forward, for example. At this time, the rotational speed control circuit 23
As a result, the rotational speed of the motor M gradually increases.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2g, the driver 10 is further moved and the common contact 2 is
1 and fixed contact 22, common contact 2
1 is directly connected to the negative electrode of the power source E via the fixed contact 22 without going through the speed control circuit 23,
Rotate at maximum speed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2j, if the movable contact piece 9b is moved to the common contact 21 side and the connection between the two is turned on, in FIG.
20q → Motor M → Fixed contact 19b → Movable contact piece 9
b → common contact 21 → speed control circuit 23 → power supply E
The motor M starts to reverse rotation and gradually speeds up.

When the driving body 10 is further moved and the movable contact piece 11 connects the common contact 21 and the fixed contact 22, the common contact 21 connects to the power directly via the fixed contact 22 without going through the speed control circuit 23. E
connected to the negative pole of the motor and rotates at maximum speed.

In this way, by selecting the position of the selection stopper 16, the sliders 8a and 8b are selectively moved, and by moving only one movable contact piece 9a or 9b, the polarity of the motor M can be changed. be able to. Then, while the driving body 10 is further moved, a delay time is provided, during which the speed of the motor M is increased by the speed control circuit 23, and then the movable contact piece 11 is turned on to directly supply power to the motor M. Thereby, the speed of the motor M can be controlled effectively.

4 and 5 are diagrams showing the specific structure of the switch of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the slider 8a or 8.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view at the center position of the drive body 10. In the case-like main body 24, sliders 8a and 8b shown in FIG.
A driving body 10 is built in, and a knob 25 integrated with a selection stopper 16 projects outward from the main body 24. Between the knob 25 and the main body 24, there is a moderation mechanism consisting of a compression coil spring and a ball 26.
The selection stopper 16 can be locked in each of the n, a, and b positions.

A lever 28 is built into the handle portion 27 that is integrated with the main body 24, and is rotatably supported by a support shaft 29. One end of the lever 28 is connected to the driver 10 described above.
The other end projects outward from the handle 27 by a compression coil spring 30. Main body 2
4, the lever 28 rotates counterclockwise against the compression coil spring 30, and the driver 10 moves in the direction of the arrow 18.
The switching operation is performed as explained in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the switch shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, showing each component. In the case-shaped main body 24, a common contact 21, a fixed contact 19a,
19b, 20a, 20b and a common contact 22 are built in, and with the sliders 8a, 8b and the driver 10 placed on these, the compression coil spring 15a is inserted between the driver receiver 12a and the spring receiver 13a, A compression coil spring 15b is inserted between the driver receiver 12b and the spring receiver 13b. and the driving body 10
Place the sliding piece 32 of the sliding resistor on top, insert the compression coil spring and ball 26 for the moderation mechanism into the selection stopper 16, and cover with the cover 33.
Fix it.

Further, a return spring 30 and a lever 28 are built into the handle 27, and a support shaft 29 is inserted through the handle 27 while the upper end of the lever 28 is engaged with the driver 10.
And support holes 34a, 34 at the upper end of the trigger 31
The support shafts 35a and 35b of the main body 24 are fitted into the holes b.

In this embodiment, the rotational force of the lever 28 operated by the trigger 31 is used to reciprocate the driving body 10, but the driving body 10 can also be driven by a push button type or a slide switch type. .

Further, the selection stopper 16 is also an example, and other structures may be used as long as the movement ranges of the sliders 8a and 8b can be selectively restricted.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the polarity can be switched by reciprocating the contact switching sliders 8a and 8b independently and selectively, so that power on/off can be switched with a single switch. It can be equipped with a switch function for multiple applications, which is highly effective in terms of reducing the number of parts and downsizing. Also, the slider 8a,
After the speed control circuit is turned on by the movable contacts 9a and 9b of 8b, the common contact 21 closes with a delay.
Since the power supply is directly connected, it is extremely effective in reducing the number of switches and improving operability in devices that require speed control.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the switch according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the switching operation, and FIG.
The figure shows an example of the circuit configuration, Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing the entire structure of the embodiment, Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the switch of the embodiment, and Figure 7 shows polarity using a conventional switch. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a switching circuit. In the figure, 8a and 8b are sliders, 9a,
9b, 11 are movable contact pieces, 10 is a driving body, 15a,
15b is a coil spring, 16 is a selection stopper, 1
9a and 19b are fixed contacts, 20a and 20b are fixed contacts, and 21 is a common contact, respectively.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Drive body 1 that reciprocates by external operation.
Sliders 8a and 8b that are moved by the driving body 10 are disposed on both sides of the slider 0, and movable contact pieces 9a and 9b for switching are attached to at least both sliders 8a and 8b; both sliders A switch characterized in that it has a movable selection stopper 16 at one end of each of the switches 8a and 8b for independently and selectively regulating the respective strokes.