JPH055800B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH055800B2 JPH055800B2 JP60283206A JP28320685A JPH055800B2 JP H055800 B2 JPH055800 B2 JP H055800B2 JP 60283206 A JP60283206 A JP 60283206A JP 28320685 A JP28320685 A JP 28320685A JP H055800 B2 JPH055800 B2 JP H055800B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- diffusion
- substrate
- target substrate
- group
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 46
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (fluoren-9-ylideneamino) n-naphthalen-1-ylcarbamate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1=NOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDTHIDMOBRXVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-6-methyl-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC=1NC(=O)NC(=O)C=1N(CCCl)CCCl SDTHIDMOBRXVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000854350 Enicospilus group Species 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- KWLSQQRRSAWBOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassioarsanylpotassium Chemical compound [K][As]([K])[K] KWLSQQRRSAWBOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium arsenide Chemical compound [In]#[As] RPQDHPTXJYYUPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010581 sealed tube method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/22—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities
- H01L21/223—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities using diffusion into or out of a solid from or into a gaseous phase
- H01L21/2233—Diffusion into or out of AIIIBV compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/22—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities
- H01L21/225—Diffusion of impurity materials, e.g. doping materials, electrode materials, into or out of a semiconductor body, or between semiconductor regions; Interactions between two or more impurities; Redistribution of impurities using diffusion into or out of a solid from or into a solid phase, e.g. a doped oxide layer
- H01L21/2258—Diffusion into or out of AIIIBV compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S252/00—Compositions
- Y10S252/95—Doping agent source material
- Y10S252/951—Doping agent source material for vapor transport
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US712300 | 1985-03-15 | ||
| US06/712,300 US4592793A (en) | 1985-03-15 | 1985-03-15 | Process for diffusing impurities into a semiconductor body vapor phase diffusion of III-V semiconductor substrates |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61215300A JPS61215300A (ja) | 1986-09-25 |
| JPH055800B2 true JPH055800B2 (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) | 1993-01-25 |
Family
ID=24861555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60283206A Granted JPS61215300A (ja) | 1985-03-15 | 1985-12-18 | ３―５族化合物半導体基板のための開放管型拡散方法 |
Country Status (5)
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4742022A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1988-05-03 | Gte Laboratories Incorporated | Method of diffusing zinc into III-V compound semiconductor material |
| US4749615A (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1988-06-07 | Stemcor Corporation | Semiconductor dopant source |
| NL8801631A (nl) * | 1988-06-27 | 1990-01-16 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een optoelektronische inrichting. |
| US5284783A (en) * | 1988-10-27 | 1994-02-08 | Fujitsu Limited | Method of fabricating a heterojunction bipolar transistor |
| JPH0793277B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-28 | 1995-10-09 | インダストリアル・テクノロジー・リサーチ・インステイテユート | ＩｎＰ基板中へのＣｄ拡散方法 |
| US5098857A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-03-24 | International Business Machines Corp. | Method of making semi-insulating gallium arsenide by oxygen doping in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy |
| US5183779A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1993-02-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method for doping GaAs with high vapor pressure elements |
| JP4022997B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-29 | 2007-12-19 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | ３−５族化合物半導体結晶へのＺｎ拡散方法及び拡散装置 |
| EP1739210B1 (de) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-03-07 | Freiberger Compound Materials GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung von dotierten Halbleiter-Einkristallen, und III-V-Halbleiter-Einkristall |
| US20070006801A1 (en) * | 2005-07-09 | 2007-01-11 | Stringfellow Gerald B | Use of surfactants to control unintentional dopant in semiconductors |
| US8329295B2 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2012-12-11 | Freiberger Compound Materials Gmbh | Process for producing doped gallium arsenide substrate wafers having low optical absorption coefficient |
| CN108085744A (zh) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | 一种制备p型锰掺杂的砷化铟单晶的方法 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4839397A (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) * | 1971-09-28 | 1973-06-09 | ||
| JPS54104770A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1979-08-17 | Sony Corp | Heat treatment method for 3-5 group compound semiconductor |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3374125A (en) * | 1965-05-10 | 1968-03-19 | Rca Corp | Method of forming a pn junction by vaporization |
| GB1143907A (en) * | 1967-07-10 | 1969-02-26 | Marconi Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices |
| US3852128A (en) * | 1969-02-22 | 1974-12-03 | Licentia Gmbh | Method of diffusing impurities into semiconductor wafers |
| US3943016A (en) * | 1970-12-07 | 1976-03-09 | General Electric Company | Gallium-phosphorus simultaneous diffusion process |
| JPS49114355A (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) * | 1973-02-28 | 1974-10-31 | ||
| US3923563A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1975-12-02 | Owens Illinois Inc | Process for doping silicon semiconductors using an impregnated refractory dopant source |
| JPS5137915B2 (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) * | 1973-10-19 | 1976-10-19 | ||
| JPS5751276B2 (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) * | 1973-10-23 | 1982-11-01 | ||
| US4124417A (en) * | 1974-09-16 | 1978-11-07 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Method of diffusing impurities in semiconductor bodies |
| JPS6013317B2 (ja) * | 1979-03-19 | 1985-04-06 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 発光ダイオ−ドの製造方法 |
| US4239560A (en) * | 1979-05-21 | 1980-12-16 | General Electric Company | Open tube aluminum oxide disc diffusion |
| US4312681A (en) * | 1980-04-23 | 1982-01-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Annealing of ion implanted III-V compounds in the presence of another III-V |
| US4348428A (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1982-09-07 | Board Of Regents For Oklahoma Agriculture And Mechanical Colleges Acting For And On Behalf Of Oklahoma State University Of Agriculture And Applied Sciences | Method of depositing doped amorphous semiconductor on a substrate |
| US4389768A (en) * | 1981-04-17 | 1983-06-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Self-aligned process for fabricating gallium arsenide metal-semiconductor field effect transistors |
| US4472206A (en) * | 1982-11-10 | 1984-09-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of activating implanted impurities in broad area compound semiconductors by short time contact annealing |
| US4544417A (en) * | 1983-05-27 | 1985-10-01 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Transient capless annealing process for the activation of ion implanted compound semiconductors |
| GB8428888D0 (en) * | 1984-11-15 | 1984-12-27 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Semiconductor processing |
| WO1987004006A1 (en) * | 1985-12-18 | 1987-07-02 | Allied Corporation | Proximity diffusion method for group iii-v semiconductors |
-
1985
- 1985-03-15 US US06/712,300 patent/US4592793A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-12-18 JP JP60283206A patent/JPS61215300A/ja active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-01-08 CA CA000499174A patent/CA1217880A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-02-25 EP EP86102408A patent/EP0194499B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-02-25 DE DE8686102408T patent/DE3687354T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4839397A (US20100012521A1-20100121-C00001.png) * | 1971-09-28 | 1973-06-09 | ||
| JPS54104770A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1979-08-17 | Sony Corp | Heat treatment method for 3-5 group compound semiconductor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4592793A (en) | 1986-06-03 |
| EP0194499A2 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
| CA1217880A (en) | 1987-02-10 |
| DE3687354D1 (de) | 1993-02-11 |
| JPS61215300A (ja) | 1986-09-25 |
| EP0194499A3 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| DE3687354T2 (de) | 1993-07-15 |
| EP0194499B1 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
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