JPH0557894B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Claim 1: One or more horizontal separating cushion layers (e.g., 18, 25, 26) inserted between the horizontal base surface and the tile unit so that the support layer blocks impact noise; The tile unit rests on and is not attached to the support layer, and the tile unit is free from gravity, friction and deposition. The tile units are retained by an interacting assembly which can be cut, one or more tile units removed, and the cut assembly resealed. Support layers 38, 40 held on horizontal base surface 16, characterized in that the units are recombined and access to conductors 19 etc. is made by adding, removing and rearranging tile units within the matrix. and a modular floor tile unit 10 disposed on the support layer.

2. Floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the or each cushion layer (25, 26) consists of a flexible layer, a rigid layer or an elastic layer material.

3. Floor structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matrices 38 consist of a flexible layer, a rigid layer or an elastic layer material.

4. Floor structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matrix (38) is an assembly of support pedestals, serving as a guide for the conducting wires accommodated therein.

5. The floor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that slots for accommodating conductive wires are provided on the surface layer of the matrix in one direction or in multiple directions.

6. The floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the matrix is constituted by a granular base material.

7. According to any one of claims 1 to 6, the conducting wires accommodated in the matrix are power lines and/or communication cables and/or heat or cold gas and liquid conduction pipes. floor structure.

8. Floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each tile unit constitutes a single tile.

9. A floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each tile unit is a collection of individual tiles.

10. Floor construction according to claim 9, characterized in that each individual tile of each tile unit is connected to one another by a flexible joint.

11. Floor structure according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that one or more tiles of the tile unit are connected horizontally.

12. Claim characterized in that the edges of the assembled sheet extending beyond the adjacent edges of the tile units have a width slightly less than half the width of the flexible joint between the tile units. 12. Floor structure according to 11.

13. The assembled sheet forms a fluid-tight seal;
Claim 1 characterized in that it has a bent edge.
1. The floor structure according to 1.

14. Floor structure according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the horizontal separating cushion layer forms a resilient composite tile unit by means of a tile unit and an assembled sheet.

15. Floor structure according to claim 14, characterized in that the cushion layer is attached to the underside of the assembly sheet.

16. Claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the assembled sheet is made of metal, plastic, wood, plywood, particle board, hardboard, plastic composition, metal composition, asbestos cement or cementitious board. The floor structure according to item 1.

17. Each tile unit may be made of hardwood, softwood, cementitious concrete, concrete polymer, terrazzo, porcelain, brick, marble, granite, rubber, vinyl, cork, linoleum, leather, or composites thereof. Floor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that:

18. Claims 1 to 1, characterized in that an elastomeric sealant is provided within the joint between the tiles.
7. The floor structure according to item 1.

19. Claims 1 to 1 characterized in that a gun grade elastomeric sealant is provided at the bottom of the joint between the tile units and a self-leveling elastomeric sealant is provided at the top of the joint.
7. The floor structure according to item 1.

20. Flooring according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the joint between the tile units is formed by an elastic foam at its bottom and a self-leveling elastomeric sealant at its top. Structure.

21. The joint according to claim 1, wherein the seam between the tile units is formed by a granular filler material at the bottom and a self-leveling elastomeric sealant at the top. floor structure.

22. According to claims 1 to 17, the seams between the tile units are partially occupied by a self-leveling elastomer sealant, and a granular filler material is added deposited through this sealant. The floor structure according to item 1.

23. Adjacent and intersecting corners 49 of the tile units are cut diagonally to form a square, in which a box 47 for maintaining space and supporting loads is placed;
23. Floor construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the group of boxes is flat as the top surface of each tile unit.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tile floors are desirable for many purposes because tiles can easily maintain a clean, aesthetic appearance and are subject to less wear and tear than carpet. Carpets quickly deteriorate in appearance. Therefore, tiled floors are suitable for commercial and commercial buildings such as multi-story buildings, public buildings, public buildings, general government buildings, educational buildings, religious buildings, medical buildings, hospitals, banks, restaurants, and stores. It is particularly desirable for use in residential buildings, such as commercial buildings, offices, apartments, elderly, nursing homes and private residences, especially in buildings in deserts or areas becoming desertified. Similarly, in rental apartments, public buildings, nursing buildings, etc., tiled floors are highly desirable from a maintenance and durability standpoint.

Ceramic, stone materials, selected natural stone, and hardwood floors can last for centuries if properly constructed, but the bonds between these tiles are strong and cracks can occur at the joints. , liquids and chemicals can enter and loosen the tile's rigid bond to the supporting substrate, rupturing the tile and loosening adjacent tiles. Alternatively, acids in the liquid can contaminate building components such as rebar in concrete, draining unsanitary liquid into the living space below.

Common causes of tiles coming off are: (1) Soapy or cleaning solutions containing salts or acids get into the 9-10% porosity tile joints, which are usually made of sand and cement, increasing the volume of salts. (2) The constant use of strong acid solutions for cleaning tiles and insufficient subsequent rinsing may result in contamination of the seams by the action of the acid and (3) Structural damage. The problem is that the whole thing deflects and lifts upward, causing shear at the weakest joint. Thus, by utilizing the dynamically interacting liquid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant seams disclosed in the present invention, tiles can be assembled into a flexible, impermeable, fluid-tight assembly. We can obtain a matrix of dynamically interacting tiles and solve these problems as follows.

- Increased durability due to the assembly of gravity, friction and deposited interaction.

- Improved sound isolation.

- Tiles can be re-laid.

Conventional staking, mortar, mortar base and improved staking and mortar with various new additives are all stiff and require a stiff base material, and this stiffness requires a strong bond and support. Determined by the body. Such tiles are susceptible to gradual penetration of liquid through the seams into the plaster joints, thin mortar, or mortar-hardened foundations, which causes them to swell and expand.
This can result in bacterial growth, breakdown of the bonding agent, loss of horizontal base surface of the tile, and therefore loss of rigidity in rigidly placed tiles, and non-cushionable tiles can become attached to the substrate or adjacent tiles. It is easily destroyed, causing a series of tiles to collapse. The present invention utilizes an assembly of interactions deposited by gravity, friction and a combination of flexible seams between adjacent tiles to move tiles with fluid-tight flexible seams between adjacent tiles. forming a floating assembly that interacts with each other and prevents liquid from penetrating beyond the porosity of the tile itself to the horizontal base surface. If the tiles are made of high-quality clay fired at high temperatures and have very low porosity, the force of gravity will hold them in place, making them more durable than traditional tiles. Even in very thin combinations, the floating tiles are protected against breakage by the horizontal separating cushion layer, which provides good impact sound isolation.

The disadvantage of using traditional tiled floors in buildings with multiple floors is that impact sounds generated by, for example, women's spiked high heels or men's shoe soles are often transmitted on the first floor of a building. It is.
Sound is transmitted to the floor below, and in places with heavy moving objects such as restaurants, dance halls, apartments, public facilities, nursing buildings, hospitals, etc., impact noise transmitted through the floor into the space below is a very important problem. It becomes necessary to lay undesirable carpets. As a result, it is not possible to use an upper floor for purposes where such impact noises are likely to occur. This is because, for strong reasons or preferences, carpeting is sometimes left unlaid as a hard surface durable flooring. Persons on the lower floor are significantly disturbed by the continuous transmission of the impact sound of the upper floor.

Similarly, in multi-story apartments and condominiums where maintenance costs are to be kept to a minimum, overhead impacts such as footsteps can be very noisy, leading to complaints from residents and ultimately resulting in costly carpet cleaning and replacement costs. I will lay it down.

Attempts have been made to produce tiles that prevent impact sound from being transmitted to other areas, especially the areas below;
Not very successful. For example, wooden tiles
It is placed on 12.7 mm (1/2 inch) plywood and this plywood is placed on 6.4 mm (1/4 inch) cork sheeting on a wood or concrete floor. This construction does not provide very good sound attenuation and causes the plywood to warp, requiring screws to hold the plywood in place, which transmit impact sounds. This system is also not waterproof;
This system bulges if there is water on it overnight. The present invention uses waterproof materials and solves this drawback.

According to the present invention, horizontal tiles are provided to reduce the transmission of impact sound through the horizontal base surface.
If necessary, use an improved thermal insulation material with or without a horizontal isolating cushion layer for impact sound isolation, or support the floor over foam thermal insulation and add a horizontal isolating layer. It may carry tiles elastically on top, completing a unique dynamic system. Controlled and reduced tile breakage due to excessive loading by spiked heels or fat ladies, combined with improved impact sound isolation, allows for better tiled floor life.

Tile Council of America, Inc.
HANDBOOK FOR CERAMIC TILE
INSTALLATION describes the current knowledge regarding ceramic tiles, and includes the following headings for arranging ceramic tiles.

- Portland cement - Dryset mortar - Latex Portland cement mortar - Epoxy mortar - Modified epoxy emulsion mortar - Furan mortar This same HANDBOOK FOR CERAMIC
TILE INSTALLATION also discusses special products for installing ceramic tiles under the following headings:

- Epoxy adhesive - Organic adhesive - Special tile installation mortar - Installed tiles - Pre-bonded ceramic tile sheets - Special fiber mesh reinforced concrete backer board - Threshhold Also this same HANDBOOK FOR
CERAMIC TILE INSTALLATION discusses the details of materials for grouting ceramic tiles with the following headings:

- Commercial Portland cement bonding - Sand Portland cement bonding - Dry set bonding - Latex Portland cement bonding - Mastek bonding - Furan resin bonding for stone tiles, packing house tiles and paver tiles - Stone tiles, packing house Epoxy bonding-silicone rubber bonding for tiles, ceramic mosaic tiles and paver tiles The following other methods for placing floor tiles are of interest.

-“Redi-Set System200” by American-Olean Tile Company is 25.4mm x 25.4mm
(1 inch x 1 inch) ceramic mosaic tiles to 0.6096 m x 0.6096 m (24 inch x 24
inch) sheets were manufactured at the factory. At that time, pre-grouted urethane sealant seams were used. This product was withdrawn from the market after a few years.
It is designed for internal no-load bearings only and is glued to the horizontal base surface.

“Acousti−” by Laticrete International
Flor Sound Control Underlaymet” is 12.7
Trowel the concrete slab with 1/2 inch (mm) thick adhesive material and adhere the tiles to the horizontal surface in the usual way.

−“Hartco” by Tibbals Floor Company
1.6 for hardwood floor tiles.
mm or 3.2 mm (1/16 inch or 1/8 inch) thick polyethylene foam, glue this foam to the back side of the hardwood floor tile, and attach the floor tile with an adhesive. Permanently adheres to horizontal base surface.

- "E-A-R" by E-A-R Corporation
Corposites” and “E-A-R Barrier”
We use these as sound barriers, absorbers, and dampers made of vinyl, in machines, ducts,
Separates sounds from pipes, doors, walls, floors, marine engine rooms and hatches. This composite is not designed to serve as a substrate for a finished floor tile system.

−The Ceramic Tile Institute Los Angeles
Chapter's sound−rated interir floor system
is a method of arranging ceramic tile floors to reduce the transmission of impact sound. A major disadvantage of this method is that it requires a thickness of 1 1/2 to 4 inches plus the thickness of the tile. The tiles are also bonded to the rigid substrate using conventional methods.

Note: The American-Olean Tile Company and other manufacturers supply overglazed wall tile sheets with pre-grouted seams filled with silicone sealant. However, these are only intended for adhesion to internal walls, and are either horizontal tiles held in place by gravity or accessible, gravity-tight tiles with fluid-tight flexible joints that interact dynamically. held in place by,
This is different from horizontal modular tiles that support loads.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION While the foregoing makes clear how the present invention discloses something new to this field of industry, in particular the following points become more apparent.

- Existing techniques for installing ceramic tiles involve holding the tiles in place by these materials or by special products as described in these documents. .
The present invention uses gravity, friction, and stacked interacting assemblies to hold the tiles in place by gravity.

- Existing techniques place tiles on a rigid substrate and fasten the tiles mechanically or by some type of adhesive or both. In the present invention, however, the gravity, friction, and deposited interacting assemblies described above allow the tiles to float loosely over a subsequent horizontal separation layer of resilient material.

- Horizontal separate cushion layers - Separate elastic foam pads of the type used as carpet padding - Thin separate elastic foam layers - Elastic substrate - Non-woven compression resistant ternary nylon mat - Non-woven vinyl random fiber structure - Cushion granular substrate - Granular Base Substrates - In existing technology, the joints between tiles are filled with a rigid grout, with the exception of pre-crouted ceramic tiles of various sizes for interior and wall incorporation. According to the Ceramic Tile Institute, such sheets are a component of this built-in system and are typically grouted with an elastomeric material such as silicone, urethane or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rubber that is already prepared for use. has been done. The periphery of these factory pre-grouted sheets may contain all or some of the grout between the sheets, or none at all. The material used in the field for perimeter grouting may be the same as the material used by the manufacturer for pre-grouting at the factory. Factory pre-grouted ceramic tile sheets are flexible and
It allows for good alignment and is resistant to warping, mold, shrinkage and ceramics. Factory pre-grouted sheets require less installation time. This is advantageous because there is a strong desire to shorten the time it takes from the time ceramic tiles are laid until they can be used. These tiles are built onto a rigid substrate and secured mechanically and/or with some type of adhesive.
The present invention does not grout the tiles, but instead fills the tiles with a dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant that holds the tiles in place by gravity, friction, and a deposited interacting assembly. , floating loosely above a horizontal isolation cushion layer to isolate impact sound on the tile from the horizontal base surface.

With current commercial cost realities, removing bonded hard surface floor coverings is very expensive. Existing heights of fixed elements such as floor drains, fixtures, equipment, door frames, doors, etc. due to physical dimensions, structural weight or existing failures may preclude removal of tiles. Making it difficult, making it expensive, making it impossible.
The present invention allows tiles to be easily removed, reinstalled, and reused.

All toilets, compartments, floors and side walls as required by OSHA Regulation 1910.141.
The desirability and importance of making the tile of the present invention fluid tight becomes apparent when realizing that it must be of water resistant construction up to a height of 152.4 mm (6 inches). The present invention does not require a water-resistant membrane under the floor tile cover, which was previously required.

According to the invention, a horizontal base surface, usually a floor, is provided with a group of horizontal tiles that are held in place by gravity and support loads. Groups of horizontal individual tiles are placed on a horizontal base surface, with the sides of the individual horizontal tiles on the sides of adjacent tiles in the group.

In the present invention, a group of strong tiles is at least
Separated from the horizontal base surface by a 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) thick horizontal separating cushion layer or three-dimensional pass-through support matrix. The tiles also join their sides to the sides of adjacent tiles, thereby creating the dynamic system described above and forming a stacked, interacting assembly.

When a heavy load is applied to a small area of the tile, the tile temporarily sinks into the normally non-uniformly horizontal separation cushion layer. This is because the load does not necessarily act on the center of the tile. Elastomeric adhesive sealant seams between adjacent tiles are correspondingly stretched or compressed to accommodate the temporary displacement of the tiles, such that the top of the seam is under compression and the bottom of the seam is under tension, or vice versa. . In this way, the elastomeric adhesive sealant seams between the tiles are prevented from rupturing, distributing stress and preventing some fragile tiles from breaking in many ceramic and stone materials.

As a result, impact noise that is applied to the tile and penetrates the horizontal base surface is virtually eliminated, the impact noise is attenuated by the horizontal isolation cushion layer, and the elastic movement of the flexible joints utilized here. The tiles can be joined to each other by a mechanical system.

The horizontal separate cushion layer is preferably a sheet of resilient foam, approximately 1.6mm to 12.7mm (1/16 to
1/2 inch) thick. Any suitable resilient foam material can be used. The preferred resilient foam material for use herein is a carpet-based foam material, such as a 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) thick foam for the horizontal separate cushion layer.
Omalon is preferred. This material is polyurethane and is commercially available from Olin Chemical Company. The preferred material for this thin horizontal separate cushioning layer is polyethylene foam, such as Volara #2A, 2#/CF (0.91Kg/ ^0.03m3 ) density and 3.2mm (1/8 inch) thickness. With that,
Volara #4A, #4/CF (1.81Kg/ ^0.03m3 ) density and 1.6mm (1/16 inch) thickness,
Both are manufactured by Voltek and Sekisui Chemical. Other suitable horizontal isolation cushion layers are Dayco
Contract sold by Corporation
Life310EPDM carpet pad. Urethane, polyurethane, polyethylene, polystyrene, EPDM, isocyanurate and latex foams are also suitable. Other elastomeric foam materials of various chemical compositions can also be used, and solid elastomeric materials can also be used for the thickness of the horizontal separation cushion layer, if desired. Because of the horizontal separation layer thickness, foam can be used that is injection molded in place from factory-made rolled products, flat or folded sheets, or workplace injection molding systems, but it is not uniform. Limited to thickness, durability, and accurate density. Rubberized animal hair, synthetic fibers, or Indian jersey pads, flat sponge rubber, waffle-like sponge rubber, flat latex rubber, herringbone design ripple sponge rubber, waffle-like EPDM polymer sponge, latex home rubber, etc. Elastic carpet pads can also be used.

The horizontal separate cushion layer may also be a porous, oil-resistant vinyl mat with a backing material or a two-layer composite of polyester nonwoven filter fibers heat bonded to a pressure-resistant ternary nylon mat. good. Such materials are manufactured by American Enka Company in Enka, North Carolina.

The horizontal separate cushion layer may also be a porous oil-resistant vinyl mat of non-woven filament construction with a backing material, such as is manufactured by 3M Company as an entry mat.

Standard horizontal individual tiles for use in the present invention are typically 1 inch to 1 foot on a side or any desired size.

Accessible modular tiles, accessible composite modular tiles, and accessible resilient composite modular tiles are manufactured and transported to provide access to conductors, conduits, passageways, piping, and two-territory structures on one or two sides. Install modular tiles up to 6 feet (1.8288 m) on a side. Manufactured, assembled and constructed from a plurality of standard horizontal individual tiles of the hard surface materials disclosed herein or any similar hard surface material. A plurality of flexible seams are provided between horizontal individual tiles arranged in any of various combinations of the following:

- Three-way support matrix - One or more horizontally separated cushion layers - Flexible foam - Rigid foam - Non-woven mat - Granular material - A plurality of pedestals - A plurality of junction or exit boxes - Plastic or metal support channel systems In specific examples, 1.8288 on one or more sides
Ceramic or stone tiles up to 6 feet long, single horizontal individual tiles from a foreign manufacturer have become available for special longevity.
Therefore, a single ceramic or stone tile, selected according to its quality, is bonded by a properly prepared adhesive to a single large horizontal composite assembly sheet of metal to form a structurally tensile composite. Form the diaphragm and install the resulting accessible modular tile on top of the next one.

- Precise uniform thickness of horizontal separate cushion layer of resilient foam placed loosely on horizontal base surface precisely leveled to obtain uniform support - Precisely leveled to obtain uniform support Precisely leveled 3-way pass support matrix placed on a exposed horizontal base surface Large injection molded adhesive and epoxy based reinforced terrazzo tiles up to 1.8288 m (6 ft) on one or two sides of one of the following: It may be manufactured by assembling the

- a horizontal separate cushion layer of precisely uniform thickness of resilient foam loosely placed on a horizontal base surface precisely leveled to provide uniform support; - on a horizontal base surface precisely leveled; Precisely leveled three-way support matrix assembled into a wooden layer of rotary cut veneer, elastic plastic and rubber sheet with one or more sides measuring 1.8288m
(up to 6 feet) in single veneers and sheets and quickly assembles onto a normally horizontal base surface without the precision required for single ceramic or stone tiles, single stone or terrazzo tiles.

Typical tiles are rectangular, square, hexagonal, octagonal or triangular; other shapes may be used, such as octagonal, also referred to as Mediterranean, Spanish, Valencian, Biscayne, segmental or oglong. . The tiles may be made from commercially available materials. Any of the following horizontal individual tile material types, with reference to the drawings, can be used in the present invention to produce modular tiles that can be accessed as a group of modular tiles.

- Ceramic tile materials such as ceramic mosaic tile, porcelain paver tile, stone tile, glazed tile, non-glazed tile, heat conductive ceramic tile, packing house tile, brick pavers, etc. - Straight tile, marble tile Stone tile materials such as , granite tile, sandstone tile, limestone tile, quartz tile - Hardwood tile materials such as white oak, red oak, ash, pecan, cherry, American black walnut, angelique, rosewood, teak, maple, birch - cedar Softwood tile materials such as pine, Douglas fire, hemlock, yellow pine, etc. - chemical matrix, epoxy modified cement, polyacrylate modified cement, epoxy matrix, polyester matrix, latex matrix, plastic fiber reinforced matrix, metal Bonding materials such as fiber reinforced matrices, plastic reinforced matrices, metal reinforced matrices - Terrazzo materials such as chemical matrices, epoxy modified cements, polyacrylate modified cements, epoxy matrices, polyester matrices, latex matrices, bonded terrazzo matrices - Soli Tsudo vinyl, vinyl with cushioning action, lined vinyl, thermally conductive vinyl, reinforced vinyl, vinyl asbestos, ashardt, rubber, cork, vinyl adhesive cork,
Hard surface elastic tile materials such as linoleum, leather, flexible elastic polyurethane wood, fritz tiles - composite tiles, other rigid tiles Horizontal individual tiles using dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealants and joining adjacent sides of accessible modular tiles together. The adhesive sealant can be any type of elastomeric adhesive sealant that has good side adhesion, is flexible when cured, and is capable of being used under the dynamic action of a dynamic system. It has the ability to remove the original stress, does not bunch, and forms a flexible surface coating after curing. Typical examples include polysulfide, silicone, butyl, silicon foam, acrylic, acrylic latex, cross-linked polyisobutylene rubber, vinyl acrylic, solvent acrylic polymer sealant, and the like. Mameco
A flexible urethane or polyurethane sealant, such as Vulkem 116227 manufactured by International, may be used. Generally, elastomeric sealants can be formed from a variety of base ingredients to achieve a variety of functional purposes, so room temperature cure elastomers that exhibit the desired functional properties and do not require heat or pressure to cure. Adhesive sealant compositions and the like are used to form dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealants.

A dynamically interactive, fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant can be applied between the tiles by any means such as a hand caulking gun or by injection molding the seam. Pressurized gas pump systems for dispensing dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealants from large containers using gas or air operated guns are generally the preferred technique.

Adjust the seam spacing between adjacent sides of adjacent horizontal individual tiles and create a strong seal between the sides of the tiles by using a dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant. Forming dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible bonds. For stone chamber tiles and paver tiles, typical spacing is 6.4mm to 12.7mm (1/4 inch to
1/2 inch) and the space for many ceramic mosaic tiles is almost 16mm (1/16
(inches). Any spacing between 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) width and 3/4 inch (19.1 mm) is functionally useful depending on the material and environment. Such a large amount of space eliminates the need for thermal expansion/shrink joints.

To ensure adequate adhesion with a dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant and making the tiles to be bonded porous, it is necessary to add a primer to the sides of the tiles at the recommendation of the sealant manufacturer. It might be. When primer is required, care must be taken to keep it away from the surface of the tile.

For reasons of economy and simplicity, it is clearly desirable to select an elastomeric adhesive sealant for a given tile that does not require a primer and has the other necessary functional properties in its own right. For example, the urethane and polyurethane sealants described above do not require a primer when utilized with non-porous tiles such as ceramic and brick tiles.

It is preferred for the tile to have no direct mechanical attachments that act to transmit impact sound to the horizontal base surface. In other words, in the present invention, the optionally horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles are allowed to "float" above the horizontal separate cushion layer by gravity, friction, and deposited interacting assemblies. is preferable. In this case, the tile is sealed only on all its sides by a dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant, possibly by the sides of adjacent horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles. and join. Therefore, all joints of dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastor adhesive sealants between horizontal individual tiles and between accessible modular tiles are dynamically exposed to foot loads or rolling loads. form a responsive dynamic system. The tensile and shear forces generated in the tiles and seams by the external and internal moments generated by the loads can thus be dissipated by the flexible system between the various tiles. This dissipation of tensile and shear forces is due to a continuous dynamic dissipation action that acts like a continuous burr, which is significantly stronger than a simple burr between adjacent tiles. It dissipates stress in various directions from the load to adjacent tiles.

Supports internal shear forces within the elastomeric sealant seam by dynamically interacting fluidtight elastomeric adhesive sealant between adjacent tile sides, and dynamically interacting fluidtight flexure. At one moment of stepping on or near the tile, a compressive force is created at the top of the seam and a tensile force at the bottom, and at the next moment the compressive and tensile forces are reversed. However, the deflections of this tile are partially equal and with the system of the invention the stress is dissipated to the surrounding tiles and therefore, despite inclusion within a dynamic system, rigid tiles or dynamically mutual A fluid-tight flexible bond acting on the material reduces the flexibility to break.

Multiple dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams between tiles with underlying horizontal separation layers distribute stress to adjacent tiles through a "wavy" damping or dissipating effect. . Even if the tiles are heavily pressed, they work together with dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams to distribute the load to adjacent tiles and control the tilting of horizontal individual tiles, Prevents relatively fragile tiles from cracking.

Tiles with 3.2 mm (1/8 inch) thin dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints can be held together for functional interaction. However, as a result of tests to date, 6.4 mm (1/4 inch)
or thicker seams are required to hold the women's spiked heel. However, this is not the case if the seam between the tiles is wide enough to allow the spike heel to be crimped onto a fluid-tight flexible seam that interacts dynamically, rather than on one side of the tile. Thin seams can eliminate expensive dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealants, but require extended time to install foam rods or sand or gathering fillers. Full depth seams are quick and easy to build and better support spike heels and slightly reduce the feel of flexibility when a person walks on the tile.

Testing has shown that it is recommended to replace damaged tiles, reposition all or part of the floor, and remove individual horizontal tiles from the floor to gain access to horizontal base surfaces, cushion granular substrates, utilities, conductors, etc. It turned out to be easy. An alternative method of repositioning horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles into groups of tiles by resealing fluid-tight flexible joints that interact dynamically with adhesive seals is It is as follows.

1 Cut vertically or diagonally down the middle of the dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam and removing the dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant from the sides of each horizontal individual tile. do not. When you are ready to reposition horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles, place a bead or series of spots of gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant along the vertical or sloped sides and reposition the tile. Deploy.

2 Cut vertically or diagonally down the center of the dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam and removing the dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant from the sides of each horizontal individual tile. A series of evenly spaced V-shaped or semi-cylindrical crosscuts are formed on the sides of the central cut in a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint without applying gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant. A series of small beads are housed to hold the modular tiles in place in groups of accessible modular tiles at spaced V-shaped or semi-cylindrical crosscut points.

3. Precisely injection mold a continuous perimeter edge around all sides of the accessible modular tile perimeter with a series of evenly spaced V-shaped semi-cylindrical crosscuts on either side of the central cut. form,
Contains a series of small beads of gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant to hold accessible modular tiles in series.

4 A dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam is cut double in parallel diagonal cuts to form a V-shaped opening, open on the upper side and closed on the lower side, into which a self-leveling or gun is inserted. Install grade elastomeric adhesive sealant to dynamically seal fluid-tight flexible seams to each other.

5 Precisely injection molded V-shaped or oval seams, open at the top and closed at the bottom, in a continuous perimeter edge around all accessible sides of the modular tile, into which self-leveling or gun Install grade elastomeric adhesive sealant to seal dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams.

Further testing has shown an inexpensive and practical method for forming dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint filler sections between horizontal individual tiles or between adjacent modular tiles. is one of the following:

1 When horizontal individual tiles are fluid-tightly glued to a horizontal cushion layer or fluid-tightly glued to a horizontal composite assembly sheet, dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams are It can be formed very efficiently by depositing a continuous stream of self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant over the entire width and height. If horizontal individual tiles are not fluid-tightly bonded to horizontal separate cushion layers or fluid-tightly bonded to horizontal composite assembly sheets, apply a continuous stream of gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant to the bottom of the flexible seam. Form a flexible seam by first placing, forming a fluid-tight bottom seal, and forming a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam for the full width and height of the fluid-tight flexible seam. Continuously fills the top of the working fluid-tight flexible seam. This first bottom seal effectively holds the horizontal individual tiles in place against movement during the second application of the self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant.

2. By sequentially filling the bottom of a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam with gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant, the sealant fills the top of the flexible seam while the sealant fills the top of the flexible seam. At some point, a fluid-tight bottom seal is formed that includes a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant.

3. Install a continuous bead of gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant under the seam of each tile when installing the horizontal individual tiles to hold the horizontal individual tiles in place and form a fluid-tight bottom seal. , to include a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant when filling the top of the dynamic interacting fluid-tight flexible seam.

4 Filler of any form, such as perlite, talc, vermiculite, granular filler or foam beads, is filled continuously to a uniform height at the bottom of the seam and in a subsequent step at least
Creates a space of 6.4 mm (1/4 inch) or more. That is, a thin coating of Gon grade elastomeric adhesive sealant is applied to form an overcoat, and the mixed zone of self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant forms a fluid-tight skim coat. After the skim coat is fluid-tight, the seam is completely filled with a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant.

5 Continuously fill the bottom of the seam to a uniform height with sand or any fine granular material with a specific gravity greater than the specific gravity of the self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant and at least 6.4 mm at the top of the seam for the elastomeric adhesive sealant. (1/4 inch) or more. Either the remainder of the seam is directly filled with self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant, or a skim seal coat is first formed over the sand or granular filler material and then the seam is completely filled with self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant.

6 Gluing horizontal individual tiles to horizontal composite assembly sheets of flexible plastic or flexible metal with upturned edges for dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints. Dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams with self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant to form a fluid-tight enclosure of at least 6.4 mm (1/4 in.)
Fill to a uniform depth and brush with sand or similar granular filler having a specific gravity greater than that of the self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant, but in this case the sand is distributed relatively evenly to ensure good sand retention. Brush the bottom of the dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seam loosely enough to prevent bridging, and brush the bottom of the dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint. Leave the top of the flexible seam at least 6.4 mm (1/4 inch) deep or deeper.

When gluing any material to only one side, or placing moisture or moist steam on only one side, the underlying material, such as plywood, particle board, hardboard, etc., bends easily. . These rigid boards are then glued to the structural subfloor or mechanically tightened. However, mechanically tightening makes it easier for impact noise to be transmitted. Generally flexible asbestos cement board, metal plate, 3.2mm (1/8
inch) tempered hardboard, metal sheet,
When using flexible, thin materials such as plastic sheets, they tend to absorb less moisture and these flexible sheets or boards can be held flat in place. However, assemblies of stacked interactions achieved by dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints, gravity, and friction force horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles. This is the case when they are assembled in a floating state. Flexible sheets and boards exhibit some flexibility in nature and sink into the moisture separating cushion layer under load.

This horizontal composite assembly sheet is relatively or very resistant to moisture. Moisture causes the sheet to expand and contract. By being heavy compared to the stiffness of the horizontal separate cushion layer, the horizontal base surface and the three-way support matrix, which therefore have no surface adhesion,
The unbalanced Sanderutsch structure lies noticeably flat. In general, flexible metal sheets and flexible plastic sheets are less susceptible to moisture absorption problems, and flexible metal sheets are generally the preferred materials for horizontal composite assembly sheets.

In the present invention, referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, for assembling horizontal individual tiles into accessible modular tiles (MAT), the 3, 6, 7, 10
and 11 for assembling an accessible composite modular tile (C-MAT);
9, 11 and 13, the following types of horizontal composite assembly sheets are used to assemble the accessible resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-MAT).

- Horizontal composite assembled sheets are formed into an enclosure by any production means from 0.1 to 1.65 mm (0.004 to
0.065 inch) thick modular slip sheet temporary wrapper of plastic material. This package is intended to contain self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant seams, including spun polyolefin insheets, thin polyethylene foam sheets, thin polyurethane foam sheets, thin polystyrene foam sheets, woven polyolefin insheets, reinforced polyolefin insheets, and cross-laminated polyolefin sheets. Polyopefin sheet, polyethylene sheet, reinforced polyethylene sheet, vinyl chloride sheet, butyl sheet, EPDM sheet,
Neoprene sheet, Hypalon sheet (trade name)
DuPon), fiberglass sheets, reinforced fiberglass sheets, polyester films, reinforced plastic sheets, cross-laminated polystencils, scrim sheets and scrim fabrics - Horizontal composite sheets are composed of one or more accessible modules. A flexible metal sheet dimensioned appropriately for tiles, which sheet consists of a flexible modular sheet 0.025 to 0.5 mm (0.001 to 0.020 inch) thick; It is. Namely, high temperature rolled steel plate,
High strength low alloy steel plate, cold rolled steel, painted steel plate, plated steel plate, plated bonderized steel plate, galvanized steel plate, electronic plated steel plate, aluminized steel plate, long turn sheet, vinyl metal layer, aluminum sheet, non-rust steel plate etc. In this case, the flexible metal sheet is further selected from: Namely, flat plated metal sheet, flat metal sheet, rolled plated metal sheet, rolled metal sheet, grid reinforced pan, deformed metal sheet, flat metal sheet with reinforcing ribs, ribbed pan, flat laminated metal sheet, metal foil sheet, expanded sheet. Metal sheets, knitted metal sheets and perforated metal sheets.

- Horizontal composite assembly sheets are formed as modules to selected dimensions for one or more horizontal individual tiles. The sheet is comprised of flexible modular sheets, such as vinyl chloride, vinyl chloride plastic, polyethylene, polyurethane, and fiberglass, having a thickness of 0.001 to 0.125 inches.

- A horizontal composite assembly sheet forms a metal sheet as a module of selected dimensions for one or more horizontal individual tiles. The metal sheet consists of a flexible modular sheet with a thickness of 0.102 to 3.175 mm (0.004 to 0.125 inch) and is: Namely, high-temperature rolled steel sheets, high-strength low-alloy steel sheets, cold-rolled steel sheets, painted steel sheets, plated steel sheets, bonderized steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets, electronic plated steel sheets, aluminized steel sheets, long turned sheets, vinyl metal layers, Aluminum sheets, stainless steel plates, etc. In this case, the flexible metal sheet is further selected from: Namely, flat plated metal sheet, flat metal sheet, rolled plated metal sheet, rolled metal sheet, grid-reinforced pan, deformed metal sheet, flat metal sheet with reinforcing ribs, ribbed pan, flat laminated metal sheet, metal foil sheet, expanded metal sheet. Metal sheets, knitted metal sheets, perforated metal sheets and knitted wire sheets.

−Horizontal composite assembly sheet is 3.175~12.7mm (0.125~
0.5000 inch) thick flexible sheet, as follows: Namely, asbestos cement sheet, plastic sheet, plastic reinforced adhesive sheet, metal reinforced adhesive sheet, glass reinforced adhesive sheet, plastic fiber reinforced adhesive sheet, metal fiber reinforced adhesive sheet, glass fiber reinforced adhesive sheet, Finnish birch plywood, overlay plywood. hardboard, plastic-coated plywood, tempered hardboard, particle board, and plywood.

−Horizontal composite assembly sheet is 12.7~28.6mm (0.500~
1.125 inches) thick and as follows:
Namely asbestos cement board, plastic board, plastic reinforced adhesive board, metal reinforced adhesive board, plastic fiber reinforced adhesive board, metal fiber reinforced adhesive board, Finnish birch plywood, overlay pliud, plastic covered plywood, stratified tempered hard. board, micro lamp plywood and particle board.

- The horizontal composite assembly sheet has a grid of warpage relief sawkerfs, thereby forming a grid pattern of the sawkerfs, which shocks the original flexibility due to mass to stiffness and to combinations, offset the unbalanced composition. At the same time, this material can be used, for example, asbestos cement board, plastic board, plastic reinforced adhesive board, metal reinforced adhesive board, plastic fiber reinforced adhesive board, metal reinforced adhesive board, Finnish birch plywood, overlay plywood, plastic covered plyud, laminated These are tempered hardboard, microram plywood and particle board.

The horizontal composite assembled sheets are assembled coplanar as a group with sides and ends abutting each other and cut to size to form factory-manufactured accessible modular tiles.

The following materials are used in the present invention.

- The slip sheet is a 0.1-1.65 mm (0.004-0.065 inch) thick plastic material. Namely, spun polyolefin sheet, thin polyethylene foam sheet, thin polyurethane foam sheet, thin polystyrene foam sheet, knitted polyolefin sheet, reinforced polyolefin sheet, cross-laminated polyolefin sheet, polyethylene sheet, reinforced polyethylene sheet, vinyl chloride sheet, butyl sheet, EPDM sheet, Neoprene sheet, Hypalon (trade name)
DuPont), fiberglass sheets, reinforced fiberglass sheets, polyester films, reinforced plastic sheets, cross-laminated polysheets, phenolic foam sheets, scrim sheets and scrim fabrics - horizontal rigid foam insulation with functionally required thickness. It is a foamed thermal insulating material, which is as follows.
i.e. extruded polystyrene, expanded polystyrene, styrene beadboard, phenolic foam, polyurethane, urethane, polyethylene, isocyanurate foam, vinyl chloride,
Foamed glass and perlite urethane foam sandwich materials.

Alternatively, at least 3/4 inch of horizontal rigid foam thermal insulation is used in place of the horizontal separate cushion layer of the present invention. The materials include polyethylene foam board, polystyrene beadboard, urea formaldehyde foam board, polyurethane foam board, polyisocyanurate foam board, etc., strong urethane foam foamed in place, urethane injection molding system, etc. The illustrated tiles are bonded by seams between adjacent tiles. Dynamically interacting, fluid-tight, flexible joints between tiles are used to compensate for the stresses caused by relatively stiff deformations under heavy loads. The advantage of this system is that it can insulate impact sound at the same time as thermal insulation. This thermally insulating material can also advantageously be assembled under a horizontal separate cushion layer.

During reinstallation operations, the thickness of the assembly is important to insulate impact noise, the door frame, door head and door fixture do not need to be reinstalled, and the bottom of the door does not need to be shifted and reinstalled.

In addition, when installing a new floor, set the door frame by making the combination that insulates impact sound as thin as possible, and use existing tolerances, cutouts at the bottom of the door, gaps in the equipment, etc. can be tightened directly onto the horizontal base surface.

Carpets are products similar to the present invention in many respects. A comparison to a carpet will help understand the invention.

- The loops or fibers of the carpet correspond to horizontal individual tiles, and the carpet backing material as a horizontal composite assembly sheet of the present invention (flexible asbestos cement or flexible plastic or metal sheet) ) holds each loop or fiber in a stacked interacting assembly corresponding to . In this case, individual horizontal tiles are adhered to this horizontal composite assembly sheet to form assembled horizontal tile groups.

- Unlike carpet, the present invention fills all seams around horizontal individual tiles with dynamically interacting flexible seams of fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant that dynamically interacts. Creates a fluid-tight flexible seam. This is not the case with carpets, where there is a large area around each fiber, which corresponds to the horizontal individual tiles of the present invention, where dust tends to accumulate.

- Like the carpet, the invention is flexible and placed loosely on a horizontal separate cushion layer.

- Carpets can be cut and moved when placed loosely, and the invention can also be cut and moved. The carpet has access to the horizontal base surface, utilities and conductors as in the present invention.

The present invention satisfies the following requirements.

- Creates flexible seams so products can be manufactured without the need for pressure or heat.

- transport of modular tiles accessible by pallets is possible;

- An assembly of gravity, friction and deposited interaction holds the accessible modular tile in place indefinitely, as long as the Earth exerts a gravitational pull.

- Gravity-held accessible tiles can be reused and relocated in the same building or in new buildings.

- Reduced thickness, resulting in improved impact isolation class (C) and sound transmission class (STC) for hard surface tile and resilient floor covering arrangements that can be used in old and new buildings.

- yields a group of accessible modular tiles with flexible joints that can be cut, accessed and reassembled to provide access to conductors when building occupant requirements require hard surface floors; can.

- Providing means for incorporating a group of accessible modular tiles with flexible joints that can be cut, accessed and reassembled completely into a three-way support matrix configured to accept various combinations of: make it accessible.

- Factory pre-assembled flexible metal conduit with factory-assembled locking connector ends.

- Factory pre-assembled graded flexible plastic conduits with factory-assembled locking connector ends - Plastic and metal conduits - Plastic and metal support passage systems - Cooling fluids, hot fluids, endothermic fluids, heat dissipating fluids Plastic and metal supply and return fluid piping systems for and fire protection fluids - Joints and outlet boxes - Passage of gas through the three-way support matrix - Spilled liquid on surfaces for cleaning or removal by gravity draining Although there is a lot of prior art related to flat conductor cables, and a number of patents showing slight improvements in flat conductor cables, liquid-tight fittings that retain There is no prior art for a horizontal, accessible group of tiles to be held in position and support loads. This tile is accessible modular tile (MAT), accessible composite modular tile (C-MAT) and cuttable, accessible,
Having accessible resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-MAT) with dynamically interacting fluid-tight transparent seams that can be reassembled, the required functionality under the tiles of this inventive family access to the hidden conductor system for work purposes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one or two pieces resting on a horizontal base surface.
A second embodiment of the present invention in which more than one slip sheet is assembled
An enlarged cross-sectional view of the embodiment; FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the present invention in which a horizontal composite assembly sheet is placed stationary on a horizontal base surface; FIG. 4 is a rigid foam sheet that is stationary on a horizontal base surface. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention with thermal insulators arranged; FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the modular tile of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a seventh embodiment of the present invention in which horizontal individual tiles are bonded to a horizontal composite assembly sheet; FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an eighth embodiment of the present invention in which individual horizontal tiles are adhered to a horizontal composite sheet, and FIG. 9 is a ninth embodiment of the present invention in which individual horizontal tiles are bonded to a horizontal composite sheet. Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the 10th embodiment of the present invention in which individual horizontal tiles are adhered to a horizontal composite sheet; Figure 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of individual horizontal tiles adhered to a horizontal composite sheet. FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention in which horizontal individual tiles are adhered to a horizontal composite sheet; FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. 14 is a perspective view of a modular tile according to a 14th embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a modular tile according to a 15th embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a modular tile according to a 15th embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a tile cover to which the modular tile of the present invention is applied, Fig. 17 is an enlarged sectional view of Fig. 16, and Fig. 18 is a tile cover to which the modular tile of Fig. 9 is applied. 19 is an enlarged view of the flexible joint in FIG. 18, FIG. 20 is an enlarged sectional view of the 18th embodiment of the modular tile of the present invention, and FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of the modular tile of the present invention. FIG. 22 is an enlarged sectional view of the 20th embodiment of the modular tile of the present invention.

The four main properties of the field-assembled tiles in Figure 3 are: (1) hard surface tiles; namely ceramic mosaic tiles, paver tiles, stone tiles, hardwood floor tiles, soft wood floor tiles, stone tiles, terrazzo tiles, adhesive tiles and elastic tiles; (2) horizontal composite assembly sheets; (3) loosely disposed horizontal separate cushion layers; and (4) dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexures. These seams combine to produce a functional result that is greater than the sum of the four base elements.

- Isolation of high-intensity sound by means of a horizontal separate cushion layer of resilient foam without mechanical tightening or adhesion to the horizontal base surface - Existing hard surfaces that vary in terms of mechanical capacity and cost according to the demands of the building occupants Ability to choose from flooring materials - floor tiles held together by properly formulated elastomeric adhesive sealant and flexible joints filled with dynamically interacting, fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant Significantly improved reliability by holding tiles in place by gravity, friction, and interaction assembly Dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexibility of a group of accessible modular tiles The properties of the accessible modular tile of FIG. 3 with the seam of the horizontal composite assembly sheet located directly below the seam are (1) the accessible modular tile; (2) the floating horizontal separate cushion layer; 3) Dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints that provide functional results with significant advantages over the three elements described above. Its functions are as follows.

- High-intensity sound isolation by means of a horizontal separation layer without mechanically tightened or glued to the horizontal base surface - Ability to use a variety of flooring materials with hard surfaces to produce accessible modular tiles - Stone texture When utilizing tiles, pavers, ceramic tiles and some types of stone, dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints create fluid-tight joints that are significantly impermeable to fluids and By maintaining the flexibility of the seams and adhering the elastomeric adhesive sealant to the sides of the tile, liquid remains on the surface for drainage and cleaning purposes.

- Accessible modular tiles can be produced in a factory by several measures, several materials with hard surfaces and the degree of sound isolation by the arrangement of a moisture-separating cushion layer.

- There are existing carpets and a variety of hard surface flooring materials that meet different functional requirements, are cost-effective, and provide effective sound isolation.

- Saves finite energy as hard surface modular tiles or dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints do not require steam or pressure when fabricated in the factory or assembled in the workplace.

- When modular tiles are stacked for transport, a horizontal separation layer is utilized at the bottom of the modular tiles to protect the top surface of the resulting floor surface.

- The relatively thinness of the finished floor system compared to conventional ones is an advantage when placed in new as well as older buildings.

- Access to the lower part of the tile for modification or repair of functional requirements increases the ability to reposition the modular tile.

- Modular tiles collected as they become old can be reused in other buildings.

- The degree to which a hard surface feels elastic can be varied by changing the combination of components in accordance with the user's requirements.

- In addition to the inherent advantages of accessible modular tile systems, hard surface modular tiles have the ability to support high moving bulkheads or dividing panels.

As a result of all the tests, we found the following: i.e. stone tiles up to 0.3048 m x 0.3048 m (12 x 12 inches), at least 12.7 mm (1/2 inch) thick, fired at high temperatures and made of good quality clay. Very satisfactory results were obtained. In this case, it has a thickness of 1.6mm to 12.7mm (1/16 to 1/2 inch) and the manufacturer has a thickness of 2.0412Kg/0.03
The tiles are placed on a horizontal composite assembly sheet running on a high quality horizontal separate cushion layer that has a density at least equal to that of Omalon Spec3 which says it has a density of 4.5 pounds per square foot (m ³ ). . Stone, slate, terrazzo, concrete, etc. each have individual properties and strengths that can be used in the practice of this invention. Wood tiles can also be used and have very high strength without the inherent brittleness of brick or ceramic.

Examples In the following examples, parts having the same meaning, function, and form are designated by the same reference numerals.

FIRST EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The tiles shown in FIG. 1 cover the floor and consist of a series of horizontal individual tiles 10. This tile is, for example, 152.4mm (6 inches) square and 12.7mm thick.
(1/2 inch) square stone tiles.

Individual horizontal tiles 10 are adhesively bonded to adjacent horizontal individual tiles 10 at sides 12 using a dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant 14. . This sealant is, for example, a commercially available polyurethane sealant applied manually or by pressure techniques. Second Embodiment of the Invention The horizontal individual tiles shown in FIG. The individual horizontal tiles 10 are separated from the horizontal base surface 16 by a sheet of horizontal separating cushion layer 18 of resilient foam material. This cushion layer 18 is approximately 6.4 mm (1/4 inch) thick, but 1.6
mm to 12.7 mm (1/16 to 1/2 inch),
It is placed on the horizontal base surface 16. Cushion layer 1
8 may be flat, but may have irregularities on the top or bottom surface if desired. For example, flexible plastic foam mats with waffled, herringbone or corrugated surfaces may be used.

The horizontal separate cushion layer 18 includes one or more, preferably two, flexible plastic slip sheets 21,22. The sheet may be made of, for example, polyethylene or polyolefin or other durable plastic or durable flexible composition sheet. This sheet is provided by
This is to prevent wear on the top and bottom surfaces of layer 18 and to prevent the tiles 10 from shifting slightly and sinking due to dynamic movement of the tiles 10 resulting from footfall or other pressure on horizontal individual tiles 10. This is to dissipate the slight frictional movement caused by the subsidence of the tile. This horizontal separated cushion layer 1
Rather than being a loose slipsheet that must be installed in the field, 8 may include a flexible protective plastic slipsheet that is adhesively bonded or inherently bonded to the cushion layer 18 during the manufacturing process.

Particularly in the case of large tiles, a foam rod 20 may be provided which fills the lower part of the space between the sides of the tile, like a normal expansion seam. As shown in the drawing, foam rod 20
A dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 is applied over the . Foaming rod 2
0 and an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14, the width between the sides of the tile of the Dynamically Interacting Fluid Tight Flexible Joint (DIFFJ) is typically used in spiked high heel shoes worn by women. Slightly less than the minimum heel dimension, i.e. 6.4 mm (1/4 inch), to avoid damaging the fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) or allowing the heel of a high heel to enter. do. When tiles 10 of 50.8 mm (2 inches) and smaller or 101.6 mm (4 inches) and smaller are used on the side 12, the dimension of the seam (DIFFJ) between adjacent individual tiles 10 is Advantageously, the cheeks are reduced to 1.6 mm (1/16 inch). This small seam is particularly well-suited to the layout shown in Figure 3, where the tiles 10 are combined horizontally to hold them in place when the seams (DIFFJ) between the tiles 10 are filled with sealant 14. It is adhered to the assembly sheet 26.

A sealant 14 connects the various tiles 10 so that when one tile sinks due to stepping, the other tiles 10 follow, distributing the load and resting on top of the flexible joint (DIFFJ). A compressive force acts on the bottom part, and a tensile force acts on the bottom part, forming a seam (DIFFJ).
exhibits flexibility, and when the next step is lifted, the dynamic movement of the individual tiles 10 causes a tensile force to act on the top of the seam (DIFFL) and a compressive force on the bottom.
The stress is spread out over several tiles, reducing the possibility of DIFFJ failure or tile 10 breaking.

In FIG. 2, the invention is based on a synergistic combination of dynamic interactions. That is, this combination consists of individual tiles 10 joined together at all circumferential seams (DIFFJ) between the individual tiles 10 and a fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 that cures at room temperature and interacts dynamically. using
A series of durable dynamic interactions in tension, compression, shear and combinations that produce fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJs) that are sufficiently gravitational to hold in place and support loads. A series of horizontal tiles and cushion layer 18 which result in a horizontal tile of
When combined with the friction between the slip sheets 21, 22 and the cushion layer 18, such as elastic foam 18, or the compression-resistant ternary nylon mat 18, the cumulative force of gravity The resulting tension is sufficient to permanently hold the horizontal series of tiles in place on the horizontal separating cushion layer 18. When the tiles are fragile, as is the case with paving tiles, stone tiles, natural stone tiles, etc., this horizontal separate cushioning layer 18 provides a cushioning effect on the bottom surface of the horizontal individual tiles 10, which are optionally loaded. The flexible seam (DIFFJ) around the tile 10 creates a durable and dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint, as the flexible seam is firmly attached to the side 12 of the tile 10. It forms a flexible joint (DIFFJ), which is typically fluid-tight to associated fluids, yet has shock and acoustic insulation, can be installed in new locations, and is ideal for carpet floors, ceramic floors, etc. , mating to adjacent floors such as masonry, stone, wood and resilient floors, and can also be installed on existing floors.

Third Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 3 shows individual horizontal tiles 10 sealed to a highly flexible horizontal composite assembly sheet 26 by an adhesive layer of conventional thin tile adhesive 24. . This adhesive 24 is, for example, H.
Quar-A-Poxy manufactured by B.FuLller Co. or
There is Laticrete 4237 manufactured by Laticrete International. Also, the sheet 26 has a thickness of 3.2 mm to 6.4 mm.
Asbestos cement board or galvanized metal sheet or tempered hardboard, preferably 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch thick, is placed over the horizontal isolation cushion layer 18. Subsequent tests showed that galvanized metal sheets were preferred. A suitable flexible asbestos cement board is "Flexbord" manufactured by Johns-Manville.
Compared to the Belgian-made "Flexweld" manufactured by Glasweid, which has similar functions,
This is because it is elastic, has high strength, is not brittle, and has high flexibility. An adhesive layer 24 may be provided to simply install the tile 10 prior to inserting the foam rod 20 and dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastic adhesive sheetant 14, thereby allowing the foam rod 20 and sealant 14 to be bonded together. This prevents the tile 10 from moving during installation and facilitates the sealing process of the sides 12. Generally 152.4 mm (6 inches) on side 12
When joining smaller tiles 10, especially the side 1
Flexible horizontal composite assembled sheets 26 for mechanical techniques of assembling dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJs) when joining tiles 10 where 2 is 50.8 mm (2 inches) or less is particularly desirable. The foam rod 20 may be omitted and the entire flexible joint (DIFFJ) filled with cell leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14. Also, instead of foam rod 20, sand, gravel, perlite, etc.
Vermiculite or the like may be used, or gun grade elastic adhesive sealant 15 may be used.

The invention, illustrated in FIG. 3, is based on a dynamic interaction case relationship, in which a horizontal composite assembly sheet 26 such as a flexible plastic sheet, a flexible metal plate, a flexible board or a rigid board is used. using a combination of horizontal individual tiles 10 glued to the bottom of the horizontal composite sheet 26, resulting in a series of horizontal tiles large enough to support the load held in place by gravity, and horizontal to the bottom of the horizontal composite sheet 26. Separate cushion layer 18
The combined gravitational force of this combination, when combined with the friction between the top of the Holds water-based tiles. This dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DLFFJ) is a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DLFFJ) that cures at room temperature around the perimeter of each horizontal individual tile 10. DIFFJ) to hold the horizontal individual tiles 10 together in a fluid-tight manner that is flexible and durable when subjected to tensile, compressive, and shear forces, thus providing impact and acoustic resistance. can be used for retrofits and dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJs) to create very thin new combinations that can be used to connect adjacent carpet floors and existing floor structures. Make it applicable.

In FIG. 3, horizontal individual tiles 10 are assembled on a horizontal composite assembly sheet 26 to form horizontal tile groups or a series of accessible modular tiles that are held in place by weight and support loads.
Thus, an assembly of gravity, friction, and deposited interaction is utilized to hold these tiles in place without adhering to the horizontal base surface 16. Horizontal individual tiles 10 are positioned by horizontal composite assembly sheets 26 to fill dynamically interacting fluid tight flexible joints (DIFFJs). The horizontal composite assembly sheets 26 in this combination work together to provide flexibility to the flexible joint (DIFFJ).

To protect the top surface of factory-produced accessible modular tiles during production, storage, and transportation,
When the modular tiles are stacked together, a compressible substrate is provided and a rigid separator is provided between the completed modular tiles so that the stacked weight of the modular tiles causes the top of each horizontal individual tile 10. The surface is forced against the rigid flat bottom surface of the rigid separator to provide more uniform self-leveling of the top surface of the modular tile. Thus, slight variations in the thickness or distortion of the horizontal individual tiles 10 between individual tiles will cause the thin horizontal separation layer 18 to be slightly compressed, thereby creating a self-leveling elastomer bond that cures at room temperature. When curing the sealant 14, the hard surface series of modular tiles are on a more uniform level.

Fourth Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 4 shows horizontal individual tiles 10, dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomer adhesive sealant 1
4 shows a foam rod 20 and slip sheets 21, 22 similar to those of FIG.

In this embodiment, the horizontal separation layer 18
A thick, horizontal, rigid foam thermal insulation material 30 is placed under the . This is e.g. polystyrene foam and is at least 19.1mm
(3/4 inch) thick and should be as thick as required for thermal insulation purposes. As in the embodiments described above, a fluid-tight flexible adhesive sealant joins horizontal individual tiles 10 to adjacent sides 12 of adjacent individual tiles 10 and dynamically interacts therewith. 14 will be provided. As discussed above, foam rod 20 below sealant 14 may or may not be provided.

As mentioned above, slip sheets 21 and 22 may be provided. When the tile 10 sinks into the insulation 30, the tile 10 shifts on the insulation 30;
When acting on this insulating material 30, this insulating material 30
The slip sheets 21 and 22 prevent the slip sheets from being worn out. If greater flexibility is required, a horizontal separate cushion layer 18 may be used as described above.
may be provided. Also, as mentioned above, a horizontal composite assembly sheet 26 may be provided.

The advantages of this structure are as follows. Additionally, this structure not only insulates impactful acoustics, but also acts as a thermal insulator, if different temperatures are desired in the space above and below the floor, or if solar heat is transmitted from one area to another through the floor. The goal is to prevent

As in the embodiments described above, this embodiment also has a horizontally It is possible to install horizontal individual tiles 10 on a rigid foam thermal insulation 30 at a time when the foam thermal insulation 30 is compressed by stepping on it or by other pressure. No cracks occur in the tile 10, and at the same time the desired impact acoustic and thermal insulation effects are achieved.

As an advantage of the present invention, it can be used in multi-storey buildings and other buildings with tiled flooring, in which case the design appearance, freedom of personal choice, cleanliness, It is advantageous in that it is inexpensive, provides a tiled floor that is easy to maintain, easy to clean, and at the same time prevents impact noise from being transmitted to the living space below the floor, as well as improving the living space above and below. It is possible to provide thermal insulation between the two.

FIFTH EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION FIG. 5 shows a plurality of hard surface horizontal individual tiles 10 of various types, with a top wear surface, a bottom surface, and a
tile 10 having one or more sides 12;
perpendicular to the parallel top and bottom surfaces of , forming a substantially uniform seam (DIFFJ) between adjacent tiles 10 . The tiles are appropriately dimensioned and assembled in a patterned layout to form a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint between all adjacent tiles 10 of relatively uniform width and a resilient substrate 35. Contains a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) on top. Its composition is as follows.

- Aqueous separate cushion layer 18 - Separate elastic foam pad for use as carpet padding, such as Omaron polyurethane foam - Thin separate elastic foam layer, such as polyethylene - Horizontal, rigid foam thermal insulation - Elastic substrate 35 - Non-woven pressure resistant Ternary Nyromatsu - Nonwoven Vinyl Random Filament Construction Dynamic interaction between all adjacent sides 12 of all tiles 10 in horizontal tile groups that are held in place by gravity and support loads A fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) is preferably formed with a urethane elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 and provided with an adhesive zone 11 as shown in FIGS. 17 and 19 on all sides of the tile 10. Part 12
has an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14.
The sealant 14 is strongly adhered to the entire height and length of the side 12 of the tile 10. Cohesion band 1 as shown in Figures 17 and 19
3 on all sides 12 of all tiles 10 to self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 forming seams (DIFFJ) between all tiles 10
Adjacent adhesive zones 11 of are joined.

A dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all sides 12 of all tiles 10 allows the gravitational force of the tile 10 and the various The friction between the layers forms an assembly, and the assembly of gravity, friction, and accumulated interaction holds the horizontal tiles firmly in place.

Dynamically Interacting Fluid Tight Flexible Joints (DIFFJs) perform multiple necessary dynamically interacting flexible response functions for internal and external applications.
Any generally non-uniform off-center loading points on the tile are constantly changing to counteract the moving loads caused by walking and rolling. In this case, the joints (DIFFJ) between the tiles 10 can be cut fluid-tight, manipulated and repositioned to access the electrical wires, conduits and plumbing networks beneath the tiles.

Sixth Embodiment of the Invention Due to the relationship shown in the drawings, the C-MATs (accessible composite modular tiles) placed on the conductor 19 and layer 18 are loosely placed on the horizontal base plane.

FIG. 6 shows a horizontal separator layer 17 on a horizontal base surface 16 containing a conductive wire 1 on the top surface of the elastic foam horizontal separator layer 17;
This occurs when the bottom surface of an accessible horizontal modular tile (C-MAT) that supports a load is held in place by gravity so as not to come into direct contact with the hard top surface of 6, and is directly welded. To prevent impact noise, to prevent impact noise generated from feet and rolling objects contacting the top surface of the tile (C-MAT) from being directly transmitted, and to prevent this impact sound from being directly transmitted to the horizontal base surface 16.

Seventh Embodiment of the Invention In the drawings, a C-MAT (accessible composite module tile) with a horizontal separating cushion layer 18 glued to the bottom thereof is shown with a conductor 19 and a horizontal base surface 1.
6.

In Figure 7, a composite module tile (C
-Do not glue the bottom surface of the MAT) to the top of the horizontal base surface 16. A horizontal separating cushion layer 18 disposed on the horizontal base surface 16 separates the bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 from the top on the horizontal base surface 16 and accommodates the electrical conductor 19 within the bottom surface of the resilient foam horizontal separating cushion layer 18. . Horizontal separation cushion layer 1
8 is glued to the bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the conductor 19 is compressed by the horizontal separation cushion layer 18, and a composite modular tile (C-MAT )
creating a cushioning action on the bottom surface of the accessible horizontal composite module tile that is held in place by gravity to support the load, and prevents direct contact with the hard top surface of the horizontal base surface 16; To prevent impact noise generated when directly melting each other, and to prevent this impact noise from being directly transmitted from the feet and rolling elements to the horizontal base surface 16.

A composite modular tile (C-
MAT) is glued to the bottom of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 as an integral part, creating multiple synergistic effects. That is, it can be transported and placed at the work site as a single finished article, and a cushioning action is created between the accessible composite modular tiles (C-MAT) during transport to and handling at the work site. horizontally separate cushioning layer 18 for easy deflection to accommodate increased thickness of conduit 19 and protective layer; It is to produce. This increased thickness is also due to the connection point of the conductor 19, the bending to change the direction of the conductor 19. By accommodating this increase in thickness, Composite Modular Tile (C-MAT) is able to accommodate one conductor without tilting.
9 does not tilt in place due to its increased thickness. By forming the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 as one or more horizontal individual tiles 10 to the dimensions selected for the accessible composite modular tile (C-MAT), the horizontal separation layer 18 is Horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 on top
and horizontal individual tiles 10 creates a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) of uniform width between the horizontal tiles 10.
a plurality of horizontal individual tiles 10 having a top wear surface;
having a bottom surface and three or more sides 12 to the tile 10, perpendicular to the parallel top and bottom surfaces of the tile 10, and the thickness of the joint (DIFFJ) between adjacent tiles is uniform; The tiles 10 are assembled in a patterned layout to match the dimensions of the composite modular tile (C-MAT) and to accommodate dynamically acting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJ) on all horizontal tiles. This results in a seam (DIFFJ) of relatively uniform width between 10 and 10 mm.

Assemble a plurality of horizontal individual tiles 10,
Properly prepared adhesive 2 on the entire bottom surface of the tile 10
4 to the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, creating uniform width seams (DIFFJ) between all adjacent tiles 10, and applying the adhesive to the top of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. Agent 24 coalesces these layers and prevents movement of sealant 14 between the bottom of tile 10 and the top of horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 before sealant 14 is set.

The horizontal individual tiles 10 form a series of uniform composites with sheets 27, and the tiles 10
To prevent the tile from becoming loose and to prevent noise from being generated when a moving object comes into contact with the tile while the tile 10 is in use.

A horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is utilized to hold the sealant 14 and prevent it from dripping onto the manufacturing equipment, causing breakage and downtime of the manufacturing equipment. Rather than actually omitting the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is used as a separating device to facilitate horizontally depositing composite modular tiles (C-MAT) in multiple layers during manufacturing. Make use of it.

A dynamic fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all adjacent sides 12 of all horizontal individual tiles 10 forming a composite modular tile (C-MAT) is a bonded zone. is preferably formed with a urethane elastomer adhesive sealant 14 having a urethane elastomer adhesive sealant 14 having a urethane elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 of the tile 10. section 12 has a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all tiles 10 by means of this sealant 14.
form.

A plurality of individual tiles 10 are assembled and adhered to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 by appropriately prepared adhesive 24 applied to the entire bottom surface of each horizontal individual tile 10 to form a uniform composite of tiles 10. This portion of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 directly underlies the tile 10 and forms a flexible hinge zone on two or more axes surrounding the tile 10 adhered to the assembly sheet 27. Flexibility is created in the fluid tight flexible seam area (DIFFJ) on all sides 12 of the uniform composite. This elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 provides a relatively weak planar flexible hinge zone for the composite modular tile (C-MAT). This is properly adjusted adhesive 2
4 to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, compared to the much greater stiffness of a homogeneous composite consisting of horizontal individual tiles 10 glued by 4 to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. Dynamically Interacting Fluid Tight Flexible Joints (DIFFJ) of horizontal composite modular tiles (C-MAT) that are held in place and load-bearing by gravity have multiple functions Dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJ) between individual tiles 10
The dynamically interacting fluid-tight elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 formed by and filling the joint (DIFFJ) around the side 12 of the tile 10 is a stack of horizontal individual tiles 10 deposited and interacting together. It functions to turn solids into composite modular tiles (C-MAT) that can be approached, moved, and rearranged. However, the horizontal separating cushion layer 18 provides a cushioning effect on the bottom surface of the tile, which is subject to any load and is brittle with seams (DIFFJ), and prevents impact to the hard horizontal base surface 16. The bottom of 18 is conductor 1
It is limited to cases where the change in thickness of 9 can be accommodated.

Eighth Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 8 shows a conductor 19 and a horizontal separation layer 25.
A horizontally separated cushion layer 26 in the form of a sandwich trench with R-C-MAT (Accessible Resilient Composite Modular Tile) disposed over the top and bottom is shown.

In FIG. 8, the first horizontally separated cushion layer 25 is not adhered to the bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, but is loosely placed on the horizontal base surface 16. Conductive wires 19 are arranged on the horizontal base surface 16 and the first horizontally separating cushion layer 25 depending on the required function. The bottom surface of the resilient composite module tile (R-C-MAT) is not glued to the top of the conductor 19 or to the top of the first horizontally separated cushion layer 25. This first horizontal separation layer 25 allows the horizontal accessible resilient composite module tile (R-C-MAT) to be gravity-held in place and load-bearing.
exerts a cushioning action on the bottom surface of the horizontal base surface to prevent it from coming into direct contact with the hard top surface of the horizontal base surface, thereby preventing the generation of impact noises that would otherwise be generated by direct contact. A first horizontal separation cushion layer 25 is also provided to form a resilient composite module tile (R-C-MA).
This prevents impulse sound from being directly transmitted to the horizontal base surface 16 from the feet or rolling elements that come into contact with the top surface of the T.

This first horizontal separation cushion layer 25 is loosely disposed on the horizontal base surface 16 and is not an integral part of the resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT). This first horizontally separating cushion layer 25 produces several synergistic effects. This means that it can accommodate increases in the thickness of the conductor 19, the protective layer, the connection part of the conductor 19, the overlapping part of the conductor 19 and the separation layer, and the folded part to change the direction of the conductor 19. By increasing the thickness of the conductor 19, the slight bulkiness of the conductor 19 can be completely absorbed.
T.) is that it does not tilt.

By providing a second horizontal separation layer 26 between the plurality of horizontal individual tiles 10 and the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, a resilient homogeneous composite is formed and a suitably conditioned adhesive is formed. Resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) with 33
form. By this adhesive 33, the tile 10
The entire bottom surface of the second horizontally separated cushion layer 26 is adhered to the entire top surface of the second horizontally separated cushion layer 26. Also, properly adjusted adhesive 34
by bonding the entire bottom surface of the second horizontally separated cushion layer 26 to the entire top surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27;
The self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 prevents movement from between the bottom layer sandwiched between the bottom of the horizontal individual tiles 10 and the top surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27.

A second horizontal separation cushion layer 26 is utilized to prevent the self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 from falling into the production equipment and subsequent rupture of the sealant resulting in production equipment downtime. The second horizontal separating cushion layer 26 and the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 are utilized as a separating device, and instead of actually omitting the sheet 27, the resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-MAT) are assembled into multiple layers. Allows for faster deposition.

When compared to the much greater stiffness of a resilient homogeneous composite consisting of a tile 10 joined to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 by a second horizontal separation layer 26 and a portion of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the horizontal composite assembly Sheet 27 and adhesive sealant 14 result in a relatively weak planar flexible hinge zone of resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) at all seams (DIFFJ).

Ninth Embodiment of the Invention In FIG. Indicates C-MAT.

FIG. 9 shows a first horizontally separable cushion layer 25 adhered by a suitably prepared adhesive 32, the entire top surface of the horizontally separable cushion layer 25 being adhered to the entire bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27; A cushioning effect is applied to the bottom surface of the elastic composite module tile (R-C-MAT), preventing it from coming into direct contact with the hard top surface of the horizontal base surface 16, preventing impact noise caused by direct contact, and preventing foot This prevents impulse noise from directly transmitting to the horizontal base surface 16 from rolling elements and elastic composite module tiles (R-C-MA
The bottom of the horizontal resilient composite modular tile formed and illustrated as Gravity-Holded in Place and Load-Supporting is not glued to the horizontal base surface 16 or to the top of the conductor 19.

The flat conductor cable contained in the conductor 19 is secured to the horizontal base surface 16 according to the recommendations of established UL and flat conductor cable manufacturers.

A second horizontal separation layer 26 assembles and elastically adheres a plurality of horizontal individual tiles 10 to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. in this case,
Using a suitably prepared adhesive layer having an adhesive layer 32, a second horizontal separating cushion layer 26 is applied to the entire bottom surface of the tile 10, and a second horizontal separating cushion layer 26 and the top of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 are applied. The horizontal individual tiles 10 are bonded to an adhesive layer 34 added in between, and the elastic homogeneity between each horizontal individual tile 10 and a portion of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 directly below the horizontal individual tile 10 is bonded. constitute a complex. The weak and flexible intervening planes of the fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) on the sides 12 of this elastic homogeneous composite surround two or more horizontal individual tiles. forming a flexible hinge zone on the axis of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 and elastically adhered to the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 by the second horizontal separate cushion layer 26 and a portion of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. The horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 and the elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 make the elastic composite modular tile (R-C-MAT ) to form a relatively weak planar flexible hinge band.

Dynamically Interacting Fluid Tight Resilient Composite Modular Tiles (R-C-MAT) with Dynamic Interacting Fluid Tight Flexible Joints (DIFFJ) Between Horizontal Individual Tiles 10 The flexible joint (DIFFJ) has multiple functions and is a dynamically interacting fluid-tight joint that fills all the joints (DIFFJ) around all sides 12 of each horizontal individual tile 10. The function of the elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 results in a resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) that is accessible, movable, and repositionable by the stacked and interacting assembly of tiles 10. However, when properly positioned on the second horizontal isolation cushion layer 26, a brittle, dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) is formed.
It provides a cushioning effect on the bottom surface of the tile 10 under any load and prevents impact from being applied to the hard surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. A horizontal separate cushion layer 25 is formed by a first horizontal separate cushion layer 25 adhered to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27.
, provides good insulation against impact noise, accommodates and protects the conductor 19 , and provides a cushioning effect.

Tenth Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 10 shows an accessible composite modular tile (R
-C-MAT).

The three-way support matrix 38 in FIG.
Contains one or more flat or round insulated electrical or electronic conductors, plastic or metal conductors and plastic or metal piping. This piping is for gas or fluid, cold fluid return supply, hot fluid return supply, or fire sprinkler fluid located on the horizontal base surface 16. A three-way pass support matrix 38 separates the bottom surface of a horizontal composite module tile shown as a composite module tile (R-C-MAT) which is held in place by gravity and supports loads.

Dimension the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 to the dimensions selected for one or more horizontal individual tiles 10, such as a plurality of horizontal individual tiles 10, and between the horizontal individual tiles 10. Creates a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) of uniform width. horizontal base surface 16
The horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 and the horizontal individual tiles 10 are placed on the three-way pass support matrix 38 placed above.

A suitably prepared adhesive 24 is applied to the entire bottom surface of each individual tile to assemble and adhere the plurality of tiles 10 to a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27. Composite modular tiles (C-
form MAT). 10 horizontal individual tiles
Adhesive 24 is added to the bottom surface of the tile 10 and to the top surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 to bond these layers together and before the elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 cures.
Sealant 1 is applied between the bottom surface of the sheet 27 and the top surface of the sheet 27.
Make sure that 4 does not move.

A reservoir of Canglade elastomeric adhesive sealant 15 bonded to the full depth of the seam (DIFFJ) is provided at the seam (DIFFJ) to prevent movement of the sealant 14 before the seam is cured.

Eleventh Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 11 shows an accessible composite modular tile (C-MAT) having a horizontal separation cushion layer 39 adhered to the C-MAT disposed on a three-way support matrix 38.

one or more flat or round insulated electrical or electronic conductors, plastic or metal conductors, gas or fluid piping, cold fluid return supply or hot fluid return supply piping, or fire protection located on the horizontal base surface 16; A three-way support matrix 38 for accommodating sprinkler fluid piping is shown in FIG. The bottom surface of the horizontal separation cushion layer 39 adhered to the bottom of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is separated from the top of the horizontal base surface 16 by a matrix 38.

A horizontal separation layer 39 is adhered to the bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 by a suitably prepared adhesive 32 and positioned in a three-way support matrix 38 to be held in place by gravity and to support the load. Horizontal composite modular tile (C-MAT)
A cushioning action is performed on the bottom surface of the This prevents the top surface of the matrix 38 from coming into direct contact, prevents the impact noise generated when there is direct contact, and prevents the impact noise from being transmitted from the feet and rolling elements to the horizontal base surface.

A plurality of synergistic effects are created by a horizontal separation cushion layer 39 bonded to the bottom of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 as an integral part of the composite modular tile (C-MAT) by a suitably formulated adhesive 32. . That is, it can be transported to the work location as a single completed item, and during transport to the work location and handling, composite modular tiles (C-MAT)
to create a cushioning effect between the two, and to be the only combined article for installation at the work location.

A horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is dimensioned for composite modular tiles (C-MAT) as a multiplicity of horizontal individual tiles 10 consisting of one or more tiles, thereby forming a horizontal individual creating a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) of uniform width between the tiles 10, the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the horizontal individual tiles 10, and the horizontal separation cushion layer. 39 is placed on the three-way pass support matrix 38.

Twelfth embodiment of the present invention R arranged on three-way passage support matrix 38
- a first accessible resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) having a C-MAT and a horizontal separation cushion layer 41 in the form of a sandwiched trench;
Shown in Figure 2.

In FIG. 12, a three-way support matrix 38 is positioned on the horizontal base surface 16 to provide a load-bearing horizontal support matrix formed as a resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) that is held in place by gravity and supports loads. The bottom surface of the resilient composite modular tile is separated from the top surface of the horizontal base surface 16.

Dimensioning the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 for the dimensions for a resilient composite modular tile (R-C-MAT) as a number of horizontal individual tiles consisting of one or more tiles; creating a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) of uniform width between the individual tiles 10;
The horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the horizontal separate cushion layer 41 and the horizontal individual tiles 10 are placed on a three-way support matrix 38.

An intermediate horizontal separation cushion layer 41 is sandwiched between the top surface of the horizontal composite construction sheet 27 and the bottom surface of the horizontal individual tiles 10 so that it does not come into direct contact with the hard top surface of the horizontal composite construction sheet 27. so that impact noise from the rolling elements contacting the top surface of the horizontal resilient composite module tile that is held in place by power and supporting the load is not transmitted to the three-way support matrix 38 and thus to the horizontal base surface 16. to prevent it.

An intermediate horizontal separating cushioning layer 41 provides cushioning to the bottom surface of the brittle and arbitrarily loaded horizontal individual tiles 10 with dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJ) and an elastic composite Impact noise on the surface of the three-way support matrix 38 supporting the modular tiles (R-C-MAT) and the hard surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is prevented.

13th Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 13 shows an R-C-MAT having a horizontal separating cushion layer 25 glued to the bottom of the R-C-MAT and a horizontal separating cushion layer 26 in the form of a sanderch.
-MAT, all of which are placed on the three-way pass support matrix 38.

In FIG. 13, the bottom surface of the first horizontal separation layer 25 adhered to the bottom of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 is separated from the top surface of the horizontal base surface 16 by a three-way support matrix 38. The first horizontal separation cushion layer 25 is adhered to the bottom surface of the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 by means of a suitably prepared adhesive, and the composite is bonded between at least all crimping points crimped to the three-way support matrix 38. Position the assembly sheet 27 and place the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27
This creates a cushioning effect on the bottom surface of the seat 27, prevents the sheet 27 from coming into direct contact with the top surface of the three-way support matrix 38, prevents the generation of impact noise due to direct contact, and prevents impact noise from feet and rolling elements. To prevent sound from being directly transmitted to the horizontal base surface 16.

Resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-
Dimension horizontal composite assembly sheets 27 to selected dimensions for MAT) and dynamic interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJ) of uniform width between horizontal individual tiles 10 the horizontal composite assembly sheet 27, the second horizontal separation cushion layer 26, the horizontal individual tiles 10, at least the contact crimp portions of the first horizontal separation cushion layer 25, and the three-way passageway. A support matrix is placed on the horizontal base surface 16.

Fourteenth Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 14 shows an approachable modular tile (MAT), an approachable composite module tile (C-MAT), and an approachable elastic composite module tile (R-C-MAT). assembling modular tiles that can be accessed as Accessible and resealable dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJs) are formed with a continuous protective strip 1-9 that seals over the gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant 15 at the top of the seam. A self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 for forming a low fluid-tight seal for placement over the conductor 19 or three-way support matrix 3
8 and the modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C
-MAT) on all sides 12.

Single accessible increasing modular tile (M.
AT, C-MAT, and R-C-MAT) 45 have diagonally opposite and adjacent intersecting corner portions 49, having this corner portion 49, and cutting this corner portion diagonally, A group located diagonally of the rotating outer joint box 47 having recesses located in groups is 0.6096 m ~
A single increasing modular tile located center to center in diagonally opposite corners over 2 to 6 feet (1.8288 m) and approximately 2 to 6 feet (0.6096 m to 1.8288 m) on at least one side. (MAT, C-MAT, and R-C-MAT)
Adjacent intersecting corners 49 diagonally opposite to 45
The box 47 is positioned between the two, and is positioned equally between the centers of the diagonally located groups of rotating outer junction boxes 47 having recesses located in groups.

Accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-
A decorative access cover 48 is placed over the outer junction box 47 as part of the finished wear surface and finished exterior view of the MAT and R-C-MAT).

Horizontal base surface 16 is horizontally separated cushion layer 2
5. Rigid foam insulation 30, elastic base material 35, horizontal suspended structural floor system 50 or cushion granular base material 4
It may be 0.

15th Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 15 shows an approachable modular tile (MAT), an approachable composite module tile (C-MAT) and an approachable elastic composite module tile (R-C-MAT). ) shows modular tiles that can be approached, and by combining these,
They form a series of horizontal, accessible tiles that are glued together and held in place by gravity to support the load. A proximate resealable dynamically interacting fluid tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) is formed with a continuous protective strip 1-9 over and sealing to the gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant 15. and forming a fluid-tight seal at the bottom, including a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 for the top of the seam, placed over the conductor 19 or loosely over the three-way support matrix 38 and the horizontal base surface 16. Laying mutually glued accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-
MAT and R-C-MAT).

Multiple accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT) of 4, 9, 16 or more
and R-C-MAT) 44 have corner portions 49 that intersect adjacently, as shown in FIG. a group of outer junction boxes 47 that are rotated
Located diagonally between 0.6096m and 1.8288m (2 to 6 feet), approximately 0.6096 to 1.8288m on at least one side
Outer junction box between diagonally opposite adjacent intersecting corners 49 of accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT) located at 1.8288 m (2-6 ft) 47 to integrate the center-to-center positioning into the center-to-center position of the diagonally located groups of outer junction boxes as shown in FIG. 15, which is a perspective view. In this case, 4 pieces,
A plurality of accessible modular tiles 44 of 9, 16, or slightly increasing numbers are employed to match the center-to-center spacing. In its spaced position, a group of outer junction boxes located diagonally
0.6096 to 1.8288 m (2 to 6 feet) center-to-center apart.

A group of accessible tiles (M.
A decorative access cover 48 is positioned over each outer junction box 47 as part of the AT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT).

The horizontal base surface 16 is horizontally separated from the cushion layer 2.
5. It may be a rigid foam insulation 30, a resilient substrate 35, a horizontally suspended floor system 50, or a cushion granular substrate 40.

FIG. 16 Embodiment of the Invention Reference is now made to the drawings in particular to FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9 and generally to FIGS. MAT), accessible modular tiles (C-MAT), accessible modular tiles (C-MAT) and accessible resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-MAT), accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT). and R-C-
a series of accessible modular tiles (MAT,
C-MAT and R-C-MAT) and an accessible, resealable, dynamically interacting, fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ), in which the horizontal separation cushion 25 can respond to changes in temperature.

Accessible adjacent module tile (C-
horizontal composite assembly sheets 27 dimensioned as modules, used in combination with continuous protective strips 1-9 of metal at seams between
accessible composite modular tiles (C-MA
T.) by creating a protective metal covering to prevent physical damage to the conductor system 19, a non-combustible enclosure covering the conductor 19, and a horizontal separation layer 25; Also, a continuous metal ground is provided so that it will not be harmed by the currents in the cable 19, and the metal horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 will ground stray charges that can cause trouble in highly automated computer office networks. The use of a horizontal composite sheet of metal 27 results in an independently separate floating metal horizontal composite sheet 27 to which the outer junction box 47 is physically anchored and ground the information network. Metal horizontal composite assembly sheet 27
By using this, the conductor terminal 19 is grounded without bridging the horizontal separation cushion layer 25, and impact noise is better prevented.

All adjacent modular tiles (MA
T., C-MAT and R-C-MAT) by an accessible resealable dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all sides 12 of the Assemble accessible modular tiles with interacting assemblies. In this case, the approachable modular tiles (MAT, C
-MAT, and R-C-MAT) are held in place by gravity. In this case, the gravity is determined by the approachable modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT
and R-C-MAT) and dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints, including the gravitational forces of the atmosphere above the accessible modular tile, and the horizontal base surface 16 No mechanical tightening or adhesion is required.

A group of modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and RC-MA
T.) is also attached to the top of the horizontal base surface 16 and the accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT
and the bottom of the R-C-MAT).

All accessible modular tiles (MA
T., C-MAT and R-C-MAT) on the conductor 19 due to a combination of gravity, friction and a depositing interaction assembly resulting in a room temperature cured elastol adhesive sealant 14 surrounding the conductor 19.
The scale of the assembly of stacked interactions of a group of accessible horizontal modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT) that supports the load holds this assembled group in place. .

All adjacent sides 12 of horizontal modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT) that are held in place by gravity and support loads.
A dynamically interacting fluid tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) that can be approximated and resealed between Modular tiles (MAT, C-M.
AT and R-C-MAT) all sides 12
is an approachable modular tile (MAT, C-
MAT and R-C-MAT) elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 durably bonded along the entire height and length of all sides 12;
has. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 19, all accessible module tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-
A horizontal group of modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT) joining together adjacent adhesive zones 11 on all sides 12 of the MAT) and supporting loads accessible by an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14
and R-C-MAT).

Accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-
The dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between MAT and R-C-MAT) may be cut into vertical or inclined cuts by suitable cutting means, thereby , accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-M.
The horizontal base surface 16 can be accessed and accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R- C-
access to conductors 19 located under MAT), and for inspection, refurbishment and repair;
Provide access to cleaning drains, junction boxes, preboxes, wiring regulators, valves, conductors, piping, equipment, and other items.

17th embodiment of the present invention Figures 10, 11, 12, 13 and 2, 5, 1
4 and 15, there are shown accessible modular tiles formed as accessible modular tiles (MAT), accessible composite modular tiles (C-MAT) and accessible elastic composite modular tiles; Accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT, and R-C-MAT)
are joined together on all sides by accessible resealable dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJs), which are connected in a sandwich-like manner above and below the support matrix 38. one or more horizontal separate cushion layers 25
Place it loosely on top to create the following synergistic effect. i.e. electrical and electronic single and multiple insulated conductors;
It is capable of accommodating plastic and metal fluid supply and return piping, the original matrix and outer junction boxes 47, etc., which carry fluids such as hot fluids, cooling fluids, absorption fluids and fire protection fluids of the fluid containment system.

The three-way support matrix 38 is a modular grid network of a plurality of individual support pedestals that form a consolidating index for the proper separation and passage of a plurality of contained conductors, conduits, etc. Multiple plinths hold load-bearing and accessible horizontal modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT, and R-C-
A plurality of cuttable, accessible, resealable, dynamically interacting, fluid-tight supports encircling all adjacent sides 12, creating a plurality of independent supports for supporting the MAT) group. A group of modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C) with flexible joints (DIFFJ) and accessible by gravity, friction and deposited interacting assemblies.
−MAT).

at least one horizontally separated cushioning layer 2 of resilient foam above and below the three-way support matrix 38;
5, accessible horizontal modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-
This prevents impact noise generated from feet or rolling elements that come into contact with the top surface of the MAT from being directly transmitted to the horizontal base surface 16.

18th Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 20 shows a flexible joint (DIFFJ) of elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 disposed on a cushion granular substrate 40 in an internal atmosphere space to reduce the interaction of gravity, friction and deposits. A group of horizontal individual tiles 10 loosely arranged by an assembly or accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MA
T. and R-C-MAT) of any shape. The cushion granular substrate 40 is thus placed on a horizontal suspended floor system 50.

The cushion granular substrate 40 may be any type of suitable granular material, including sand, fine sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, light clay, clay loam, heavy clay loam, etc. Clay loam, clay, compost, perlite, hydite, cinder, and other similar granular materials, the cushion granular substrate 40 includes a group of horizontal individual tiles 10 and accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT, and It exerts a cushioning action on the bottom of the group of R-C-MAT to support it.

Groups of horizontal individual tiles or groups of accessible modular tiles can be cut, accessed, and reassembled by dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints (DIFFJ). and the cushion particulate substrate 40 is accessible. The cushion granular substrate 40 provides a leveling and filling course to accommodate conduits and piping, as well as to provide support for the tiles.

The cushion particulate substrate 40 synergistically functions as a distributed passage matrix for any one, some, or all of the following networks:

- one or more flat conductor cables 19 or round or ribbon-shaped insulated electrical or electronic conductors 4;
4.

- a metal or plastic conduit 53 containing electrical and electronic conductors;

- Metal, plastic and textile insulated piping for gas distribution.

- Metal and plastic piping 54 for fluids, return supply of cooling fluid, return supply of hot fluid, etc.

- Metal or plastic tube coils for the working fluid 52 in any functionally desired layout placed within the cushion granular substrate 40 with suitable access to the coils for passage of the working fluid through the tube coils 52.

- Transferring heat from the tube coil to the encapsulated cushion granular substrate 40 by means of a working fluid 52, and further transferring this heat to the tiles. This group of tiles is supported by a cushion granular substrate 40 which supports horizontal groups of individual tiles 10 or groups of accessible tiles (MAT, C-MAT or R-C-MAT as the case may be). This supported tile group thus uses an advantageous low Δt radiant surface and radiatively heats the internal space over a large surface area with a low Δt. This low Δt can be achieved by any number of people and is inexpensive. Also, light, waste heat,
High efficiency when using heat sources such as solar heat. Radiant floor heating is also very comfortable with desirable low and high temperatures for ideal comfort.

- further horizontal groups of individual tiles 10 or groups of adjacent modular tiles (possibly MAT,
C-MAT or R-C-MAT) and transfers the heat by means of a working fluid 52 to the cushion granular substrate 40 encapsulating the tube coil. The tiles are low Δt absorption surfaces because the cold working fluid absorbs heat efficiently.

- Conducting excess waste heat from electrical and electronic equipment sitting on the tiles.

- Conducting excess waste heat from heat-operated production equipment sitting on the tiles to the tiles.

- Conducted from excess ambient air heat from metabolic heat sources and from thermally operated production equipment.

- Electric heating by diffusion and heat beam solar radiation heat transfer by vertical, inclined and horizontal heat transfer surfaces due to greenhouse phenomenon.

- Heat is transferred from internal radiant vertical walls, ceilings and heat sources, and further heat is transferred to the surface of the tile group, which absorbs the radiant excess heat of metabolic sources, cooling by radiation produces advantageous low △t heat, and internal The heat is stored and transferred from the area to heat an outer container or preheat domestic hot water etc. with a low Δt.

- Passage of gas through the voids in the cushion granular substrate 40.

- Utilizing the cushion granular base material 40, perform the following.

- Leveling uneven floors, i.e. floors that are badly deflected.

- Add hot mass for unobtrusive heating.

- Improved impact sound isolation.

Continuous protection strip made of metal at seams between adjacent modular tiles (C-MAT) 1-
A protective metal cover is created by creating an accessible composite modular tile (C-MAT) of horizontal composite assembly sheets 27 of metal dimensioned as modules for use in combination with the conductor system 19. protects against damage, creates a non-combustible enclosure over the conductor 19 and the horizontal separation cushion layer 25, provides a continuous metal grounding and prevents trouble due to current in the conductor 19;
Grounding stray charges that often occur in highly automated computer office networks. The use of a horizontal composite assembly sheet of metal 27 results in an independently separate floating horizontal composite assembly sheet of metal 27 that connects the outer junction box 47.
and, if necessary, ground the computer office network. The connecting terminal 19 is grounded by a horizontal composite assembly sheet 27 made of metal, without bridging the horizontal split cushion layer 25, improving the prevention of impact noise.

All accessible modular tiles (MA
T., C-MAT and R-C-MAT) by an accessible resealable dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all sides 12 of the The accessible modular tiles are assembled by the stacked interacting assemblies and held in place by gravity. The gravitational forces include the gravitational forces of accessible modular tiles and dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joints and accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT).
There is no mechanical tightening or bonding to the three-way support matrix 38 or the horizontal base surface 16.

A group of accessible load-bearing modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT) are also defined by friction between the top of the horizontal base surface 16 and the bottom of the accessible modular tiles. hold in position. The deposited interacting assembly as a result of the room temperature cured elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 surrounding all modular tiles and the close proximity on the three-way support matrix 38 by a combination of friction and gravity. The assembled group of tiles is held in place by a stacked and interacting assembly of horizontal groups of modular tiles that support the loads that are applied.

Horizontal modular tiles (MA) that can be accessed and held in place by gravity to support loads
17 for an accessible and resealable dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) between all adjacent sides 12 of and forming an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 with an adhesive zone 11 as shown in FIG. The sides 12 have an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 adhered to the elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 . 17th
and 19, the cohesion zone 13 joins together adjacent adhesive zones 11 of all adjacent sides 12 of all accessible modular tiles, by means of an elastomeric adhesive sealant 14.
Form a group of horizontal modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT and R-C-MAT) that support accessible loads.

19th Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 21 shows a deposited and interacting assembly by a flexible joint (DIFFJ) of Elastome adhesive sealant 14 disposed on a cushion granular substrate 40 in an interior space; and horizontal individual tiles 10 or accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT or R
-C-MAT). In this case, the cushion granular substrate 40 has any type of horizontal base surface 51.
placed on top. That is, granular subgrade soil or granular subgrade subsoil or granular substrate.

In addition to the gist explained in detail in the 18th embodiment, this embodiment includes the following gist.

- Opening fluid piping for fluid infiltration and seepage.

- Providing advantageous drains beneath the tiles in locations where trench tiles are functionally required and incorporated.

20th Embodiment of the Invention FIG. 22 shows the interaction of gravity, friction and deposition by a flexible joint (DIFFJ) of an elastore adhesive sealant 14 placed on a cushion granular substrate 40 in the open air. A group of horizontal individual tiles or accessible modular tiles (MAT, C-MAT or R-C
−MAT). In this case, the cushion granular substrate 40 is placed on a horizontal base surface 51 of any type. That is, granular subgrade soil or granular subgrade subsoil or granular base material.

The dynamically interacting fluid tight flexible joint (DIFFJ) of the elastomeric adhesive sealant 14 creates a dynamically interacting ability to accommodate frost ridges, and this embodiment When used on paved roads, patios, highways, streets, roads, parking lots, etc., it is fluid-tight with respect to fluid passages.

The additional points described for the 18th embodiment also apply to this 20th embodiment.

6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th
The figure shows an embodiment of a continuous protective strip that can be alternately and interchangeably used when cutting flexible joints between adjacent modular tiles with a knife or sharp tool to access conductors. Self-leveling elastomer adhesive sealant for imperfectly built bottom seals of elastomer adhesive sealant at the bottom of flexible joints between adjacent module tiles to prevent damage to conductors or electronic circuit leads Prevent leakage.

Completely sealed to the top with a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant to form a flexible seam between adjacent modular tiles while the continuous protective strip is absolutely fluid-tight due to the foam strip fixed to the bottom. Formed by filling the seam. When using foam strips or without foam strips, and when the seal of successive protective strips is not absolutely fluid-tight, the flexible seam must be filled in two stages.

First, a continuous stream of gun grade elastomeric adhesive sealant is applied to the bottom of the seam on a continuous protective strip to form a fluid-tight bottom seal and includes a second layer of self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant. Close. After this initial curing of the bottom seal, a second layer of self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant is applied to fill the top of the seam.
Add layers to form dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams that can be cut, accessed, and reassembled to interconnect adjacent modular tiles.

Figures 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 (right side of the drawing) show various shapes of continuous protection strips.

Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13 (right side of drawing)
exhibits a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint that can be originally cut, accessed, and reassembled;
Resilient composite modular tile (R-C-
MAT) and composite modular tiles (C
Assemble a group of gravity-held in place and load-supporting horizontal composite modular tiles designated as gravity-held in place and load-supporting horizontal composite modular tiles (C-M.
AT, and R-C-MAT), and is fully accessible to any type of ternary pass support matrix 38 formed to use various conductor combinations.

The three-way passage support matrix is assembled into a modular grid network to form a plurality of individual support pedestals and a mating index for the orderly separation and passage of a plurality of contained conductors, conduits and piping. horizontal composite modular tiles (C-MAT,
and R-C-MAT) and a dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible joint that surrounds all adjacent sides and that can be cut, accessed, and reassembled if necessary. A group of composite modular tiles (C-MAT) created by gravity, friction and deposited interacting assemblies that create flexible joints.
and elastic composite modular tiles (R-C-MA
Assemble T.).

When placed over at least one horizontally separating cushion layer and functionally necessary electrical conductors, this
The embodiment is the seventh embodiment shown in FIG.

When placed over a ternary pass support matrix with at least one horizontal separation layer in a side trench above and below the ternary pass support matrix, this twentieth embodiment is similar to the tenth embodiment shown in FIG.
This is an example.

Suitable for assembling and installing the accessible modular tiles of the present invention designated as accessible modular tiles (MAT), composite modular tiles (C-MAT) and resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-MAT) The preferred method is to assemble all sides of the modular tile together with at least one horizontal separating layer above or below which can accommodate the various thicknesses of the conductor placed on a three-way support matrix. At least one accessible, resealable, dynamically interacting, fluid-tight flexible joint is provided at the point of contact crimp, all loosely placed to float above the conductors placed in the horizontally separated cushion layers.

Accessible Modular Tile (MAT), Accessible Composite Modular Tile (C-MAT) and Resilient Composite Modular Tile (R-C-MAT)
A preferred method of manufacturing the accessible modular tiles of the present invention, illustrated as Extrude the perimeter edge on all sides by an amount equal to 1/2 the width of the flexible seam to reduce imperfect assemblies, reduce the impact of manufacturing tolerances, and ensure proper alignment of assembled modular tiles. To facilitate spacing, alignment, and uniform bonding, and to protect exposed peripheral edges of modular tiles during factory transportation, shipping, and workplace handling.

Accessible Modular Tile (MAT), Accessible Composite Modular Tile (C-MAT) and Accessible Resilient Composite Modular Tile (R-C
Another preferred method of manufacturing the accessible modular tiles of the invention designated as -MAT) is to combine and bond a plurality of horizontal individual tiles to a horizontal modular separate cushion layer or modular slip sheet temporary wrapper. bend the edge up an amount at least equal to the thickness of the horizontal individual tile to form a modular temporary enclosure, and heat seal or otherwise suitably seal the corners of this upturned portion. Provides a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant formed to be fluid-tight with a conditioned adhesive, creating a uniform width seam between all adjacent horizontal individual tiles, and a properly conditioned adhesive. , bonding the bottoms of the horizontal individual tiles to the top surface of the modular temporary enclosure, and applying a self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant between the bottoms of the horizontal individual tiles and the modular temporary enclosure before curing of the elastomeric adhesive sealant. prevent it from coming off.

Utilizes modular temporary wrappers to prevent self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealants from dripping onto manufacturing machinery, causing costly breaks and downtime. Utilizing the module temporary wrapper as a separator, in practice, it is possible to create an approachable module tile (MAT, C
-MAT and R-C-MAT) are deposited quickly. Module temporary package. The upwardly curved edge of the bracket is trimmed and removed during curing of the self-leveling elastomeric adhesive sealant. Or, in the case of horizontal composite assembled sheets of metal, the bent edges should stay together with the finished product. It is also advantageous to size the modular temporary wrapper several times the dimensions selected for the accessible modular tile and trim the modular temporary wrapper so that the elastomeric adhesive sealant cures. , forming the dimensions of a plurality of selected accessible modular tiles.

The plastic and metal edges of the various horizontal composite assembled sheets and the edges of the various horizontal separated cushion sheets and slip sheets can be stamped, formed, folded, temporarily or permanently by any means. forming a dish-shaped body for the enclosure of the adhesive means and for the means for filling the seam to protect by gravity or setting a leveling elastomer adhesive sealant formed in the shape of an enclosure and properly positioned;
Alternatively, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art to pressure fill the seams, produce large wrapper sheets, and cut to selected dimensions for modular tiles.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention discloses a rotating outer junction box with a concave section for flat conductor cables, conduits, passageways,
A group of modular tiles (MAT, C-
MAT and RC-MAT).

What has been described above is for illustrative purposes only, and the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the following claims.

In various embodiments of the present invention, the illustrated and described approachable modular tiles (MAT), accessible composite modular tiles (C-MAT), and accessible resilient composite modular tiles (R-C-
MAT) is the 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 1st
The JBM seams between the accessible modular tiles of the eight embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 13 can be mutually advantageously assembled together. The term "accessible modular tile" is used generally in the detailed description and in the dependent claims to refer to accessible modular tiles, accessible composite modular tiles, and accessible resilient composite modular tiles. Indicated.

In the detailed description and claims, the following terms are used:

HTT... horizontal individual tiles HAT... accessible modular tiles C-MAT... accessible composite modular tiles R-C-MAT... accessible elastic composite modular tiles JBM... accessible Seams between modular tiles DIFFJ...dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams T-Z-DIFFJ...dynamically interacting fluid-tight flexible seams C-Z in the tensile zone −DIFFJ...Fluid-tight flexible joints that interact dynamically in the compression zone.