JPH0551663A - Manufacture of alumium base particle composite alloy - Google Patents
Manufacture of alumium base particle composite alloyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0551663A JPH0551663A JP21071291A JP21071291A JPH0551663A JP H0551663 A JPH0551663 A JP H0551663A JP 21071291 A JP21071291 A JP 21071291A JP 21071291 A JP21071291 A JP 21071291A JP H0551663 A JPH0551663 A JP H0551663A
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- powder
- ceramic particles
- aluminum
- composite alloy
- manufacture
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明はＭＭＣ（金属基複合材
料）の製造方法に関するものであり、特に、セラミック
ス粒子を含有するアルミニウム基粒子複合合金の製造方
法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing MMC (metal matrix composite material), and more particularly to a method for producing an aluminum matrix particle composite alloy containing ceramic particles.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】ＭＭＣは鉄やチタン等と同等の機械的強
度や物理的特性（ヤング率等）を備え、さらに軽量とい
う性質を有するので、家電・事務機・ロボット等の部品
の材料として鉄やチタンに代わるものとして有望であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art MMC has the same mechanical strength and physical characteristics (Young's modulus, etc.) as iron and titanium, and has the property of being lightweight, so it is used as a material for parts of home appliances, office machines, robots, etc. Is a promising alternative to titanium and titanium.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ＭＭＣの製造方法に
は、鋳造法と粉末冶金法の２種がある。鋳造法には、長
繊維強化法、短繊維強化法、粒子強化法がある。粉末冶
金法には短繊維強化法、粒子強化法がある。粉末冶金法
は鋳造法と比べ、マトリックスの合金の自由度が高くよ
り強度の高いものが得ることができ、まだ鋳造欠陥の巣
などがなく信頼性の高い部品が得られる。しかし、粉末
冶金法では混合した強化粒子が旧粉末粒界偏析したり、
また偏析がなくても粒子そのものの大きさが大きいとい
う問題があった。また、鋳造法でも同様に凝固時の重力
偏析や粒子の大きさに問題があった。There are two types of methods for manufacturing MMC, a casting method and a powder metallurgy method. The casting method includes a long fiber reinforced method, a short fiber reinforced method, and a particle reinforced method. The powder metallurgy method includes a short fiber reinforcement method and a particle reinforcement method. Compared to the casting method, the powder metallurgy method can provide a matrix alloy having a higher degree of freedom and higher strength, and a highly reliable component having no cavities of casting defects can be obtained. However, in the powder metallurgy method, the strengthening particles mixed may segregate the old powder grain boundaries,
Further, there is a problem that the size of the particles themselves is large even without segregation. Further, in the casting method as well, there were problems in gravity segregation and particle size during solidification.
【０００４】したがって、いずれの方法でも特性と経済
性の十分なＭＭＣが得られず、ほとんど実用に供せられ
ていないのが実情であった。強化粒子を極微細にしかつ
均一に偏析なく分布させることはＭＭＣの最大の課題で
ある。ＮＥＡＲ ＮＥＴ ＳＨＡＰＥ（最終製品に近い
形状）成形することは経済的に部品形状に加工する上で
重要な課題であるが、これは従来の粉末冶金プロセスな
どが利用できる程度に粉末特性を整えることが課題であ
る。Therefore, in any of the methods, an MMC having sufficient characteristics and economical efficiency cannot be obtained, and it has been practically practically not used. It is the greatest challenge of MMC to make the reinforcing particles extremely fine and to distribute them uniformly without segregation. NEAR NET SHAPE molding (a shape close to the final product) is an important issue in economically processing the shape of the part, but it is necessary to adjust the powder characteristics to the extent that conventional powder metallurgy processes can be used. It is an issue.
【０００５】この発明はかかる従来の問題点を解決する
ためになされたものである。この発明の目的は、強化粒
子を極微細にしかつ均一に偏析なく分布させることがで
きるアルミニウム基粒子複合合金の製造方法を提供する
ことである。The present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aluminum-based particle composite alloy in which reinforcing particles can be made extremely fine and can be uniformly distributed without segregation.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明に従ったアルミ
ニウム基粒子複合合金の製造方法は、まずセラミックス
粒子を含有するアルミニウムを主成分とする溶湯をアト
マイズ法によって粉末化し、アトマイズ粉末を作製す
る。次にアトマイズ粉末を機械的粉砕再凝集処理して、
最大粒径８μｍ以下で平均粒径が３μｍ以下の前記セラ
ミックス粒子を含有する機械的粉砕再凝集処理粉末を作
製する。そしてこの機械的粉砕再凝集処理粉末を温間で
成形固化する。In the method for producing an aluminum-based particle composite alloy according to the present invention, first, a melt containing ceramic particles containing aluminum as a main component is pulverized by an atomizing method to produce atomized powder. Next, the atomized powder is mechanically pulverized and reaggregated,
A mechanically pulverized and reaggregated powder containing the ceramic particles having a maximum particle size of 8 μm or less and an average particle size of 3 μm or less is prepared. Then, the mechanically pulverized and reaggregated powder is compacted and solidified in a warm state.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】機械的粉砕再凝集処理を行なう粉末中に予めセ
ラミックス粒子を含有させておくと機械的粉砕再凝集処
理によりセラミックス粒子を均一に分散させるためのエ
ネルギ量が少なくてすみ、さらに分散物の凝集や偏析が
なく分散状態の均一度が高い粉末を得ることが可能とな
る。機械的粉砕再凝集処理をする粉末にセラミックス粒
子を含有させる方法としては、セラミックス粒子を分散
させた溶湯をアトマイズ法で粉末化する方法がある。ア
トマイズ法には、噴霧媒としてエアまたはヘリウム、窒
素等の不活性ガスを用いるガスアトマイズ法や回転円盤
アトマイズ法等があるが、エアアトマイズ法が一般的で
ある。When the powder to be mechanically pulverized and re-aggregated contains ceramic particles in advance, the amount of energy for uniformly dispersing the ceramic particles by the mechanical pulverized and re-aggregated treatment is small, and further, the dispersion is It is possible to obtain a powder having a high degree of uniformity in the dispersed state without aggregation or segregation. As a method of incorporating ceramic particles into the powder subjected to mechanical pulverization and re-agglomeration treatment, there is a method of atomizing a molten metal in which ceramic particles are dispersed by an atomizing method. The atomizing method includes a gas atomizing method that uses air or an inert gas such as helium and nitrogen as a spraying medium, a rotary disk atomizing method, and the like, but the air atomizing method is common.
【０００８】エアアトマイズ法の場合、溶湯の粘度が高
く（セラミックス粒子を含有するため）また溶湯流れを
絞るとセラミックス粒子の滞留などを生じるので、太い
ノズルから流出させ比較的粗粉末にアトマイズすること
が必要である。このような複合アトマイズ粉末の製法
は、特公昭６３−１２９２７号公報などに記載されてい
る方法で可能であり、公知の技術である。In the case of the air atomization method, the viscosity of the molten metal is high (because it contains ceramic particles), and when the molten metal flow is narrowed, the ceramic particles are retained. is necessary. Such a composite atomized powder can be produced by a method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-12927 and is a known technique.
【０００９】セラミックス粒子を均一に含有する溶湯の
偏析を防止する方法として、ＤＵＲＡＬＣＡＮ（商品
名）などの溶解鋳造法による粗大粒子分散強化インゴッ
トを溶解したりする方法や、溶湯を誘導溶解法などで攪
拌する方法がある。As a method for preventing segregation of a molten metal containing ceramic particles uniformly, a method of melting a coarse particle dispersion strengthened ingot by a melt casting method such as DURALCAN (trade name) or an induction melting method of the molten metal is used. There is a method of stirring.
【００１０】溶湯中に添加するセラミックス粒子は、微
細粒子では添加量が多いと凝集が生じる場合があるた
め、溶湯中の分散状態が良好となるようにある程度粗粒
子がよい。機械的粉砕再凝集処理は、処理時間が長くな
るほどセラミックス粒子が微細化するので、１０μｍを
越えるような粗粒のセラミックス粒子を溶湯中に添加し
ても、機械的粉砕再凝集処理時間を長くすれば所望の寸
法のセラミックス粒子にすることができる。ただし、機
械的粉砕再凝集処理雰囲気中の酸素等の影響や処理コス
トの観点から処理時間が短い方が望ましいため、溶湯中
に添加するセラミックス粒子の大きさはできるだけ細か
いことが望ましい。The fine ceramic particles added to the molten metal may agglomerate when added in a large amount. Therefore, coarse particles are preferable to some extent so that the dispersed state in the molten metal becomes good. In the mechanical pulverization / re-agglomeration treatment, the ceramic particles become finer as the treatment time becomes longer. For example, ceramic particles having a desired size can be obtained. However, since it is desirable that the treatment time is short in view of the influence of oxygen and the like in the atmosphere of mechanical pulverization and reaggregation treatment and the treatment cost, it is desirable that the size of the ceramic particles added to the molten metal be as small as possible.
【００１１】得られたアトマイズ粉末はボールミルやア
トライターなどで機械的粉砕再凝集処理をする。機械的
粉砕再凝集処理を異種の粉末に対して行なう場合には、
従来のボールミル粉砕や混合のような湿式法ではなく、
メカニカルアロイング（ＭＡ）と称される乾式で行な
う。ＰＣＡ（Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ Ａｇｅ
ｎｔ）としてステアリン酸やアルコールなどを少量添加
することで過度の凝集を防ぐことができるが、処理温度
条件などを制御すれば、これらの液体の添加はかならず
しも必要ではない。なお、アトライター処理は高速処理
には適しているが大量処理には適していない。ボールミ
ル処理は長時間処理が必要であるが、雰囲気制御が容易
であり投入エネルギの設計さえ適切に行なえば最も優れ
た経済性を有している。The obtained atomized powder is mechanically pulverized and reaggregated by a ball mill or an attritor. When performing mechanical pulverization and re-agglomeration treatment on different powders,
Instead of the conventional wet method such as ball milling and mixing,
The dry method is called mechanical alloying (MA). PCA (Process Control Age)
Although excessive aggregation can be prevented by adding a small amount of stearic acid, alcohol, etc. as nt), addition of these liquids is not always necessary if the processing temperature conditions are controlled. Attritor processing is suitable for high-speed processing but not for large-scale processing. The ball mill treatment requires a long time treatment, but the atmosphere is easy to control and has the best economic efficiency if the input energy is properly designed.
【００１２】アトマイズ粉末を機械的粉砕再凝集処理を
すると、セラミックス粒子は繰返し粉砕されて微細化
し、マトリックスは粉砕されて微細化したセラミックス
粒子を取込んだ状態で結合造粒し、ある粒度分布を持つ
機械的粉砕再凝集処理粉末（以下「ＭＧ処理粉末」とい
う）となる。When the atomized powder is mechanically pulverized and re-aggregated, the ceramic particles are repeatedly pulverized to be finer, and the matrix is pulverized and combined with the finely-divided ceramic particles to be bonded and granulated to obtain a certain particle size distribution. It becomes a mechanically pulverized and reaggregated powder (hereinafter referred to as “MG-processed powder”).
【００１３】ＭＧ処理粉末中のセラミックス粒子の最大
径を８μｍ以下としたのは、これより大きくなると成形
固化時の加圧によりセラミックス粒子が割れて欠陥とな
ったり、固化体において応力負荷時に欠陥として働き低
靭性や低延性の原因となるからである。セラミックス粒
子の最大径は望ましくは５μｍ以下がよい。The maximum diameter of the ceramic particles in the MG-treated powder is set to 8 μm or less. When the maximum diameter is larger than this, the ceramic particles are cracked due to pressure during molding and solidification to become defects, or as defects when stress is applied to the solidified body. This is because it causes work toughness and low ductility. The maximum diameter of the ceramic particles is preferably 5 μm or less.
【００１４】また、ＭＧ処理粉末中のセラミックス粒子
の平均粒径を３μｍ以下としたが、これを越えると十分
な粒子分散強化を図れず、靭性や延性を低下させるため
である。溶湯に添加したセラミックス粒子の量が３０ｖ
ｏｌ．％以下であればＭＧ処理粉末中のセラミックス粒
子の平均粒径は１μｍ以下が望ましいが、多量にセラミ
ックス粒子を添加する場合は、平均自由工程をある程度
に保ち破壊靭性値の低下を防ぐためセラミックス粒子の
平均粒径を１〜２μｍ程度にする場合もある。Further, the average particle diameter of the ceramic particles in the MG-treated powder is set to 3 μm or less, but if it exceeds this value, sufficient particle dispersion strengthening cannot be achieved and toughness and ductility are reduced. The amount of ceramic particles added to the molten metal is 30v
ol. %, The average particle size of the ceramic particles in the MG-treated powder is preferably 1 μm or less, but when a large amount of ceramic particles is added, the average free process is kept to a certain degree to prevent the decrease of the fracture toughness value. In some cases, the average particle size of 1 to 2 μm may be set.
【００１５】このようにして得られたＭＧ処理粉末は含
有されていたセラミックス粒子が微粉砕され粉末中に均
一に分散している。ＭＧ処理粉末は、粉末のままあるい
は粉末成形体として固化するのに必要な温度条件域に加
熱し、その後加圧固化しアルミニウム基粒子複合合金と
する。以上の工程により、極微細なセラミックス粒子を
均一に偏析なく分布させたアルミニウム基粒子複合合金
を製造することができる。なお加熱条件は、マトリック
ス合金組成により異なるが、固化時に粉末どうしが十分
に拡散結合する温度領域であることが必要で一般に３０
０℃以上である。高温度域においてもセラミックス粒子
は粗大化しないため温度上限はマトリックス金属の固相
線であるが、アトマイズ粉末の持つ急冷の効果や機械的
合金化により生成された金属間化合物を損なうことなく
固化するにはおよそ５５０℃以下であることが望まし
い。In the MG-treated powder thus obtained, the contained ceramic particles are finely pulverized and uniformly dispersed in the powder. The MG-treated powder is heated to a temperature condition range necessary for solidification as a powder or as a powder compact, and then solidified under pressure to obtain an aluminum-based particle composite alloy. Through the above steps, an aluminum-based particle composite alloy in which ultrafine ceramic particles are uniformly distributed without segregation can be manufactured. The heating conditions differ depending on the composition of the matrix alloy, but it is necessary that the heating temperature is in a temperature range in which the powders are sufficiently diffusion-bonded to each other during solidification.
It is 0 ° C or higher. Since the ceramic particles do not coarsen even in the high temperature range, the upper temperature limit is the solidus line of the matrix metal, but solidifies without damaging the effect of quenching of atomized powder and the intermetallic compound generated by mechanical alloying. It is desirable that the temperature is approximately 550 ° C. or lower.
【００１６】[0016]
（実施例１）表１に示すような組合せで、平均粒径か１
〜２０μｍのＡｌ2Ｏ3 、Ｓｉ3 Ｎ 4 、ＳｉＣ、ＺｒＯ
2 のセラミックス粒子を０〜４０ｖｏｌ％含んだ合金組
成が２０２４、６０６１、７０７５、Ａｌ−２０Ｓｉ−
３Ｃｕ−１Ｍｇの溶湯をガスアトマイズにより−４２ｍ
ｅｓｈの粉末に加工した後、ボールミルで４〜６０Ｈｒ
あるいはアトライターで４〜３０Ｈｒ処理し、セラミッ
クス分散アルミ合金粉末を製造した。この粉末を３５０
〜５５０℃に加熱した後に押出法あるいは鍛造法で成形
固化しヤング率および抗折力を測定した。結果を表１に
示す。 (Example 1) With the combinations shown in Table 1, the average particle size was 1 or less.
~ 20μm Al2O3, Si3N Four, SiC, ZrO
2Alloy group containing 0 to 40 vol% ceramic particles
Composition 2024, 6061, 7075, Al-20Si-
Molten 3Cu-1Mg is -42m by gas atomization
After processing to powder of esh, 4 ~ 60Hr by ball mill
Alternatively, treat with an attritor for 4 to 30 hours and then
Cus dispersion aluminum alloy powder was produced. 350 this powder
Molded by extrusion or forging after heating to ~ 550 ° C
It solidified and Young's modulus and transverse rupture strength were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
Show.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１８】Ｎｏ２〜６、１０、１１１３、１４１６、
１７、１９、２０が本発明である。延性や靭性に関係す
るヤング率の値は小さい法が望ましく、機械的強度に関
係する抗折力は大きい方が好ましい。表１を見ればわか
るように、本発明によれば優れた固化体特性のアルミニ
ウム基粒子複合合金を製造することができる。No. 2 to 6, 10, 1113, 1416,
17, 19 and 20 are the present invention. The Young's modulus value related to ductility and toughness is preferably small, and the transverse rupture strength related to mechanical strength is preferably large. As can be seen from Table 1, according to the present invention, it is possible to produce an aluminum-based particle composite alloy having excellent solidified body characteristics.
【００１９】（実施例２）体積比で２０％分散している
セラミックス粒子（Ａｌ2 Ｏ3 粒子あるいはＳｉＣ粒
子）の平均粒径が１〜２μｍのセラミックス分散２０２
４合金を溶解鋳造による製造法セラミックス粒子を
ＭＧ処理時に添加し、これにより得られたＭＧ処理粉末
を用いて粉末鍛造法で固化する製造法セラミックス粒
子を含有するアトマイズ粉末をＭＧ処理粉末とし、粉末
鍛造法で固化する本発明である製造法の３方法で製造し
た。およびで使用した２０２４合金粉末は−４２ｍ
ｅｓｈで、ＭＧ処理条件はボールミルで２０Ｈｒとし、
４９０℃に加熱した後に鍛造法で成形固化し抗折強度を
測定した。ただし、溶解鍛造法では微細セラミックス粒
子を分散させることが難しいため、平均粒径が１０μｍ
程度の場合も製造した。結果を表２に示す。(Embodiment 2) Ceramic dispersion 202 in which ceramic particles (Al 2 O 3 particles or SiC particles) dispersed in a volume ratio of 20% have an average particle diameter of 1 to 2 μm.
Manufacturing method by melting and casting 4 alloys Ceramic particles are added at the time of MG treatment, and the MG-treated powder obtained by this is solidified by the powder forging method. Atomized powder containing the ceramic particles as a MG-treated powder is used as a powder. It was manufactured by 3 methods of the manufacturing method of the present invention in which it is solidified by a forging method. The 2024 alloy powder used in and is -42 m.
esh, MG treatment condition is 20Hr in a ball mill,
After being heated to 490 ° C., it was molded and solidified by a forging method and the bending strength was measured. However, since it is difficult to disperse fine ceramic particles by the melt forging method, the average particle size is 10 μm.
Also manufactured to some extent. The results are shown in Table 2.
【００２０】[0020]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２１】表２を見ればわかるように、本発明によれ
ば凝集の発生を防ぐことができ、抗折力も他の方法で製
造した場合に比べ大きな値となる。As can be seen from Table 2, according to the present invention, the occurrence of agglomeration can be prevented, and the transverse rupture strength becomes a large value as compared with the case of manufacturing by another method.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】以上説明したようにこの発明によれば、
セラミックス粒子を均一に偏析なく分布したアルミニウ
ム基粒子複合合金を製造することができる。セラミック
ス粒子が均一に偏析なく分布していると機械的強度や物
理的特性が優れたものになるので、この発明によれば機
械的強度や物理的特性の優れたアルミニウム基粒子複合
合金を製造することができる。As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to manufacture an aluminum-based particle composite alloy in which ceramic particles are uniformly distributed without segregation. Since the mechanical strength and physical properties are excellent when the ceramic particles are uniformly distributed without segregation, the present invention produces an aluminum-based particle composite alloy having excellent mechanical strength and physical properties. be able to.
Claims (1)
ム基粒子複合合金の製造方法であって、 前記セラミックス粒子を含有するアルミニウムを主成分
とする溶湯をアトマイズ法によって粉末化し、アトマイ
ズ粉末を作製する工程と、 前記アトマイズ粉末を機械的粉砕再凝集処理して、最大
径が８μｍ以下で平均粒径が３μｍ以下の前記セラミッ
クス粒子を含有する機械的粉砕再凝集処理粉末を作製す
る工程と、 前記機械的粉砕再凝集処理粉末を温間で成形固化する工
程とを備えたアルミニウム基粒子複合合金の製造方法。1. A method for producing an aluminum-based particle composite alloy containing ceramic particles, comprising: pulverizing a molten metal containing ceramic particles containing aluminum as a main component by an atomizing method to produce atomized powder; A step of mechanically pulverizing and reaggregating the atomized powder to produce a mechanical pulverizing and reaggregating powder containing the ceramic particles having a maximum diameter of 8 μm or less and an average particle diameter of 3 μm or less; A method for producing an aluminum-based particle composite alloy, comprising the step of compacting and solidifying the agglomerated powder at a warm temperature.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21071291A JP3363459B2 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1991-08-22 | Method for producing aluminum-based particle composite alloy |
| US07/930,187 US5372775A (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1992-08-17 | Method of preparing particle composite alloy having an aluminum matrix |
| DE69223194T DE69223194T2 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1992-08-20 | Process for the production of composite alloy powder with aluminum matrix |
| EP92114255A EP0529520B1 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1992-08-20 | Method of preparing particle composited alloy of aluminum matrix |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21071291A JP3363459B2 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1991-08-22 | Method for producing aluminum-based particle composite alloy |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0551663A true JPH0551663A (en) | 1993-03-02 |
| JP3363459B2 JP3363459B2 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
Family
ID=16593857
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21071291A Expired - Fee Related JP3363459B2 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1991-08-22 | Method for producing aluminum-based particle composite alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3363459B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000129316A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of alloy powder |
| US7028139B1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2006-04-11 | Veritas Operating Corporation | Application-assisted recovery from data corruption in parity RAID storage using successive re-reads |
-
1991
- 1991-08-22 JP JP21071291A patent/JP3363459B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000129316A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of alloy powder |
| US7028139B1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2006-04-11 | Veritas Operating Corporation | Application-assisted recovery from data corruption in parity RAID storage using successive re-reads |
| US7234024B1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2007-06-19 | Veritas Operating Corporation | Application-assisted recovery from data corruption in parity RAID storage using successive re-reads |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3363459B2 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
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