JPH05502607A - tooth extraction forceps - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] ■Shio Technical field The present invention relates to instruments used in dental surgery, and more particularly to forceps for tooth extraction. related.

The present invention can be used to remove all types of teeth and roots. be understood.

The present invention is in the field of medical technology for removing foreign bodies from the larynx, trachea, nasal cavity or external auditory canal. It is also applied in the field of veterinary medicine, where animal teeth are extracted.

Conventional technology A large proportion of dental diseases are caused by postoperative complications after tooth extraction. . As is well known, tooth extraction is traditionally used to remove teeth and tooth roots. Medical forceps do not meet the needs of dentists. The main drawback of traditional forceps is.

It is difficult to grasp the crown or root of the tooth with the jaws of the forceps, and the forceps may be moved below the gingival margin. This is difficult. The main cause of the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional forceps is the effectiveness of the forceps jaws. The surface does not match the surface of the tooth crown or root to be extracted, and the convergence angle of the forceps jaws is small. Contact between the effective surface of the forceps jaws and the surface of the crown or root of the tooth due to being too small or large The surface is too small.

The conventional tooth extraction forceps described above have different blades, hinges, lengths and shapes of the forceps jaws, and There are various structures depending on the purpose. The forceps jaws are an important functional element of forceps. The shape and dimensions of the jaws of the forceps are such that they can be fixed to the crown or root of the tooth. the amount of force applied to those surfaces. What are the disadvantages specific to traditional forceps?

Make sure that the convergence angle of the tip of the forceps jaws is too small or large, or that it is too thick. The inner surface is curved or flat. Therefore, the crown or root of the tooth to be extracted is When securing the forceps jaws to the surface, excessive physical force is applied to the contact area of the <<2 surface. This causes damage to the crown and root of the tooth.

Consists of a blade and forceps jaws joined together by a hinge, their inner surfaces concave. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are currently known tooth extraction forceps in the art. (1981, Moscow, Russia) Published by "Stoa+atologia J" No. 2 , R.R. Kulebakin (R, R, Kulebakin) a. "Extra Rafting Phasebs" (Dental extrac ting forces) Page 90 The outer surface of the forceps jaws is convex.

Its inner surface is concave. The tips of the forceps jaws have a slanted surface between which forming an angle, with its apex facing towards the center of the axis of rotation of the blade .

On the other hand, the inclined surface defines an angle with the concave inner surface of the forceps jaws and with their vertices facing towards the axis of symmetry.

When the jaws of such conventional forceps are placed against the crown of the tooth to be extracted, the concave inside the forceps jaws Only the vertices of the angle between the surface and the slope are in contact. Therefore, press the blade When inserting the tooth, excessive physical force is applied to the contact area, resulting in damage to the crown. You will lose money.

In addition, the jaws of such conventional forceps can be placed against the surface of the tooth root to be extracted, and the blade and When used together, force is applied to the inclined surface. And those forces are parallel to the inclined plane direction, and the resultant force is directed in the opposite direction to the direction in which the tooth root is extracted from the gums.

As a result, these forces either dissipate from the tooth root surface or the tooth root tissue (for example, the cavity of a radicular cyst or the maxillary sinus).

Disclosure of invention A principal and essential object of the present invention is that the inner surface of the forceps jaws is attached to the tooth or tooth root to be extracted. For tooth extraction, the structure makes the contact surface between the jaws of the forceps as large as possible. is to provide forceps.

The above purpose is that the blade and forceps jaws are joined by a hinge, and the curved inner surface Tooth extraction forceps having a face and an outer surface, each having a curved inner surface or a depression in which both the outer and inner surfaces of each forceps jaw are hinged in accordance with the present invention. In a cross section parallel to It is achieved by the fact that it is a shape.

The tip of the forceps jaw is shaped like a bird's beak, and the inner surface of the forceps jaw connects with the crown or root of the tooth. The tactile area is maximized, and the forceps jaws are designed to firmly attach to the crown or root of the tooth. It also reduces the load placed on the teeth and reduces the physical stress placed on those surfaces. equalizes the distribution of force. The curved shape of the forceps jaws has elasticity (bar) in the forceps jaws. effect), and the tip does not become straight even if physical force is applied. It looks like this.

The jaws of the forceps have a structure like this, so you can use the forceps without separating them with rubber in advance. The child jaw part can be freely inserted into the subgingival gap. And the sliding movement The entire tooth root surface can be slid smoothly until the bony alveolar wall is finally pressed. As a result, traumatic damage to the gingival (periodontal ligament) sac is almost eliminated.

A similar solution is the “patent of living nature,” i.e. the beak of a water-like bird. It is possible to find out. Thanks to the bird's beak, the bird can pick up cedar nuts. Cellular flakes, spruce or pine cones can be clearly distinguished separately.

You can choose the fruit you can eat from among them.

When dental forceps with the proposed structure are used for tooth extraction, it does not require much effort. The tooth can be extracted from the alveolus, reducing the patient's physical and mental (pain) suffering. I can do something to ease the pain. In addition to the handle, the jaws of the forceps are attached to the tooth to be extracted. Since the direction of the force is reversed by 180 degrees, there is no risk of trauma to the tissue due to tooth extraction surgery. It becomes.

According to one aspect of the invention, the curvature of the inner surface of the forceps jaws intersects at the axis of the hinge. ing. By modifying the structure and arrangement of the forceps of the present invention in this way, the forceps can be easily manufactured. Become.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the inner surface of the forceps jaws is expressed by the following relational expression: Therefore it is calculated.

08≦R/L≦20 However.

L-Distance from the axis of rotation of the blade to the tip of the forceps jaws where nothing is pinched 7R - The radius of curvature of the cross-section of the inner surface of the forceps jaws.

Such embodiments of the structure of the present invention are preferred embodiments.

When the ratio R/L is 20 or more, the inner surface of the forceps jaws becomes gentle. Therefore.

When the forceps jaws are fixed separately, there is no angle to grip the teeth.

When the ratio R/L is 08 or less, the angle at which the teeth are gripped increases. Therefore, the jaws of the forceps The teeth are actually gripped by only two contact points on the tip, and as a result, the forceps jaws - contact The area becomes extremely small.

Drawing summary Further objects and advantages of the invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be understood from certain representative embodiments of the invention. Here.

Figure 1 shows the tooth extraction forceps according to the present invention; Figure 2 shows the cutting along the line ■-■ in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross section taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a tooth root extraction procedure. This is a schematic diagram. Figure 5 shows the effective system of “surgeon-forceps-tooth to be extracted”. It is a vector diagram showing force distribution.

Preferred embodiments of the invention The tooth extraction forceps of the present invention are rotatably joined by a hinge joint (2). It has a blade (1) (Fig. 1) that is Blade (1) has forceps jaws (3) is provided. The jaw portion (3) has a convex inner surface and a concave inner surface. There is. The inner and outer surfaces of each jaw (3) are parallel to the axis of the hinge joint (2). In the horizontal cross section, the arcs (4) and (5) intersect at the tip (6) of the jaw (3). It is shaped. On the other hand, the internal arc (5) intersects at the rotation axis of the blade (1) . Their radius R is calculated from the following relation: 0.8 = R/L2. O, ko Here R - Radius of cross-sectional curvature of the inner surface of the jaw: L - From the axis of rotation of the blade to the tip of the jaw distance to.

The jaw (3) has a depression (7) (Figs. 2, 3) on its inner surface. This place The purpose of the recess is to maximize the contact area of the periodontal ligament sac (9) (Fig. 4) with the tooth (8) in the alveolus. It's about making it big.

Next, before the first operation, the forceps jaw part (3), which has already been put together, is attached to the tooth to be extracted and Secure with the help of the blade (1) at the required distance apart depending on the size of the tooth root. Set. At that time, the tip (6) of the jaw (3) is pressed hard against the edge of the alveolar wall. Insert it into the periodontal ligament sac (9) until the end. In this case, the jaw part (3) is The teeth (8) are positioned such that their axis of rotation is in the plane of symmetry of the teeth (8).

With the jaw (3) in this position, the blade (1) As a result, the inner surface of the jaw (3) or around the teeth (8) surround. Then, the upward movement of the surgeon's hand and the movement of the tooth from front to back and side to side or Remove the tooth (8) from the alveolus of the periodontal sac (9) by rotating around its axis. Ru. In this case, the contact surface of the tip (6) of the first jaw (3) connects the tooth (8) to be extracted. P, which is the resultant force of the two applied forces P2, is applied to the surgeon's hand JP (Fig. 5). join. It is true that the physical force P3 required to extract tooth (8) is reduced. It depends on the size of the force P. In addition to extracting tooth (8) thanks to the slope rule The total amount of force applied also becomes smaller. Furthermore, we decided to make the forceps have this structure. Therefore, there is no need to separate the root of the tooth (8) with a rubber, and as a result, Less trauma.

Industrial applicability The present invention is suitable for removing all types of teeth and roots as well as from the larynx, trachea, nasal cavity, and external auditory canal. Used in foreign body removal and veterinary medicine.

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. It has a jaw part (3), has a curved inner surface and an outer surface, and has a curved inner surface. Blades each having an indentation (7) in their faces and being joined to each other by a hinge A forceps for tooth extraction having the outer and inner surfaces of each jaw (3) connected to a hinge. In the cross section parallel to the axis of the joint (2), it intersects at the tip (6) of the jaw (3). A tooth extraction forceps characterized by being shaped as arcs (4, 5). 2. The internal arc (5) of the jaw (3) intersects at the axis of rotation of the blade (1). The tooth extraction forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The radius of the internal arc of the jaw part (3) is expressed by the following relational expression: 0.8≦R/L≦2.0 where R - the radius of the arc of the cross section of the inner surface of the jaw; L - the axis of rotation of the blade to the jaw; 2. The tooth extraction forceps according to claim 1, wherein the distance to the tip of the tooth extraction forceps is calculated from the distance to the tip of the tooth extraction forceps.