JPH0545013B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0545013B2 JPH0545013B2 JP7890285A JP7890285A JPH0545013B2 JP H0545013 B2 JPH0545013 B2 JP H0545013B2 JP 7890285 A JP7890285 A JP 7890285A JP 7890285 A JP7890285 A JP 7890285A JP H0545013 B2 JPH0545013 B2 JP H0545013B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acrylate
- group
- present
- methacrylate
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 19
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 4
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HNISBYCBIMPXKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,1-dichloro-2-ethoxyethyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCC(Cl)(Cl)OC(=O)C=C HNISBYCBIMPXKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGDOLKDENPCYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorocyclohexyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound ClC1CCCCC1OC(=O)C=C NGDOLKDENPCYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRIKSZXJKCQQFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)COC(=O)C=C MRIKSZXJKCQQFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N (e)-2,3-dichloro-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(\Cl)=C(/Cl)C=O LUMLZKVIXLWTCI-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMAUULKNZLEMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 LMAUULKNZLEMGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUZAXYQQRMDUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C BUZAXYQQRMDUTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGTBRAFPWNISIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C QGTBRAFPWNISIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEVOENGLLAAIKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C KEVOENGLLAAIKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFTWWOCWRSUGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C WFTWWOCWRSUGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKLMKZINKNMVKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(O)COC(C)CO ZKLMKZINKNMVKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAVVKEZTUOGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DAVVKEZTUOGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZMXJTJBSWOCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HZMXJTJBSWOCQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTZYQZQFXMSRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylpropoxy)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 UTZYQZQFXMSRAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTBIHKZYDZQMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(n-ethylanilino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 WTBIHKZYDZQMQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZGMQAMKOBOIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCO MZGMQAMKOBOIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTJNPDLOIVDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(C)=O ZTJNPDLOIVDEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDZAAIHWZYWBSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromoethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound BrCCOC(=O)C=C CDZAAIHWZYWBSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJKKWVGWYCKUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DJKKWVGWYCKUFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHBAYNMEIXUTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound ClCCOC(=O)C=C WHBAYNMEIXUTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEPWOCLBLLCOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyanoethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCC#N AEPWOCLBLLCOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWWXYLGCHHIKNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(=O)C=C FWWXYLGCHHIKNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095095 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethenylbenzene Chemical compound COC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CTHJQRHPNQEPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXYJVFYWCLAXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C(C)=C YXYJVFYWCLAXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFCUBKYHMMPGBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C=C HFCUBKYHMMPGBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTOVVHWKPVSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BTOVVHWKPVSLBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMFHUEMLVAIBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FMFHUEMLVAIBFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPXZAISSLVEZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yloxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C JPXZAISSLVEZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKADMMFLLPJEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HKADMMFLLPJEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCS(O)(=O)=O KFNGWPXYNSJXOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBTDFRNUVWFUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminopropyl carbamimidothioate;dihydrobromide Chemical compound Br.Br.NCCCSC(N)=N JBTDFRNUVWFUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroprop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound ClCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 IWTYTFSSTWXZFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWKKCUWIMOZYOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C NWKKCUWIMOZYOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYMXLXNEYZTMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(C)CCOC(=O)C=C NPYMXLXNEYZTMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEBRPXLXYCFYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CEBRPXLXYCFYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTHJQCDAHYOPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-2-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)=C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZTHJQCDAHYOPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSZCRKZKNKSJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound ClCCCCOC(=O)C=C MSZCRKZKNKSJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKXAYLPDMSGWEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCO YKXAYLPDMSGWEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INRQKLGGIVSJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxypentyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCCOC(=O)C=C INRQKLGGIVSJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYDWQPKRHOGLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitroimidazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CN=CN1 VYDWQPKRHOGLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUXLDNTZFXDNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-bromo-2-methyl-4h-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2NC(=O)C(C)OC2=C1 NUXLDNTZFXDNBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CCCO1 LCXXNKZQVOXMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKOIPYBSUJWJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(dimethylamino)-2-phenoxyethyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(N(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 LKOIPYBSUJWJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].ICl Chemical compound [Ag].ICl HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXSXCWXUCMJUGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [methoxy(phenyl)methyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXSXCWXUCMJUGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940101006 anhydrous sodium sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 GCTPMLUUWLLESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHDFTVNXJDZMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane;2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound ClC.CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C BHDFTVNXJDZMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCSHDIVRCWTZOX-DVTGEIKXSA-N clobetasol Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CCl)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O FCSHDIVRCWTZOX-DVTGEIKXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOXWSDNHLSQKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenesulfonamide Chemical class NS(=O)(=O)C=C JOXWSDNHLSQKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-chloroacetate Chemical compound ClCC(=O)OC=C XJELOQYISYPGDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMXXMZYAYIHTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC=C CMXXMZYAYIHTBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFIQVBFAKUPHOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methoxyacetate Chemical compound COCC(=O)OC=C AFIQVBFAKUPHOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNMORWGTPVWAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC=C WNMORWGTPVWAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LZWYWAIOTBEZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC=C LZWYWAIOTBEZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWNVSPGTJSGNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-chloro-1h-indole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C(=O)OCC)=CC2=C1Cl XWNVSPGTJSGNPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKIRSCKRJJUCNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 7-bromo-1h-indole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=CC(Br)=C2NC(C(=O)OCC)=CC2=C1 FKIRSCKRJJUCNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl formate Chemical compound CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWXAVNJYFLGAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2-ylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CO1 DWXAVNJYFLGAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108700039708 galantide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical class C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MPHUYCIKFIKENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-ethenylbenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C=C MPHUYCIKFIKENX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N mucochloric acid Natural products OC1OC(=O)C(Cl)=C1Cl ZAKLKBFCSHJIRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVYCQBKSRWZZGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 HVYCQBKSRWZZGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005187 nonenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C=C ULDDEWDFUNBUCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 QIWKUEJZZCOPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002006 poly(N-vinylimidazole) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tamibarotene Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
- G03C1/053—Polymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Description
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明はハロゲン化銀写真感光材料に関し、詳
しくは、成膜物性が改良された親水性コロイド層
を有するハロゲン化銀写真感光材料に関する。
[発明の背景]
一般に写真用感光材料を製造するために用いら
れる親水性コロイド膜には、写真感光特性に悪影
響を与えないことは勿論のこと、皮膜物性に関し
ても規定の強度が要求される。従つて、支持体上
にハロゲン化銀乳剤層、中間層、保護層等の親水
性コロイド層を塗設する際、親水性コロイド層中
に従来から各種のモノマー化合物を重合せしめた
ポリマーラテツクスを含有させ、形成される親水
性コロイド膜の寸度安定性、引掻き強度、柔軟
性、耐圧性および乾燥性等の皮膜物性を改良する
各種の試みが行なわれている。
例えば、米国特許第2376005号のビニルアセテ
ートのポリマーラテツクス、米国特許第3325286
号のアルキルアクリレートのポリマーラテツク
ス、特公昭45−5331号のn−ブチルアクリレー
ト、エチルアクリレート、スチレン、ブダジエ
ン、酢酸ビニル、アクリロニトリル等のポリマー
ラテツクス、特公昭46−22506号のアルキルアク
リレート、アクリル酸、スルホアルキルアクリレ
ートのポリマーラテツクス、特開昭51−130217号
の2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスル
ホン酸のポリマーラテツクス等が上記目的に使用
されている。
しかしながら、これらのポリマーラテツクス
は、親水性コロイドであるゼラチン水溶液と混合
した場合、あるいは塩類の存在下において、凝集
したり、沈降したりする性質があるものがあり、
親水性コロイド膜の透明度が悪化し失透現象が発
生したり、またある種のポリマーラテツクスは、
感度、カブリ、階調、現像進行等の写真特性に悪
影響を及ぼす等の欠点を有していた。さらに、こ
れらのポリマーラテツクスの分散には大量の乳化
剤が用いられるため新水性コロイド膜の皮膜物性
を損う原因にもなつていた。
一方、特開昭54−133324号、同56−19043号に
は、帯電防止剤ながら乳化剤を減量して合成でき
るポリマーラテツクスが開示されているが、これ
らのポリマーラテツクスでは、良好な皮膜物性と
良好なポリマーラテツクスのゼラチン相溶性とを
同時に満足することができず、特に特開昭54−
133324号に記載の遊離リン酸基又はその塩を少な
くとも1つ有するエチレン性モノマー化合物を20
重量%以上含有させたポリマーラテツクスは、親
水性コロイド膜の皮膜物性が著しく損われ、親水
性コロイドであるゼラチンとの相溶性も改善され
なかつた。
[発明の目的]
本発明は上記の欠点を解消するために為された
ものであり、本発明の第1の目的は、写真性能に
悪影響を与えず、失透現象もおきず、寸度安定
性、引掻き強度等の皮膜物性が改良された親水性
コロイド層を有するハロゲン化銀写真感光材料を
提供することである。本発明の第2の目的は、ハ
ロゲン化銀写真感光材料の親水性コロイド層に含
有させても充分に安定なポリマーラテツクスを提
供することである。
[発明の構成]
本発明の上記目的は、下記一般式(1)のモノマー
化合物および/または下記一般式(2)のモノマー化
合物から誘導される繰り返し単位を有するポリマ
ーのラテツクスを、少なくとも1つの親水性コロ
イド層に含有するハロゲン化銀写真感光材料によ
り達成される。
一般式(1)
一般式(2)
式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を表わし、
R2は炭素原子数6〜30の炭化水素基またはオキ
シアルキレン基を含む有機基を表わし、Jはメチ
レン基またはフエニレンメチレン基を表わし、A
は炭素原子数2〜4のアルキレン基を表わし、n
は0〜30の整数を表わし、Mはカチオンを表わ
す。
[発明の具体的構成]
本発明の前記一般式(1)または(2)で表わされるモ
ノマー化合物において、式中、R2で表わされる
炭素原子数6〜30の炭化水素基としては、アルキ
ル基(例えばオクチル基、ノニル基、ドデシル基
等)、アルケニル基(例えばオクテニル基、ノネ
ニル基、ドデセニル基等)、アリール基(例えば
フエニル基等)が挙げられ、R2で表わされるオ
キシアルキレン基を含む有機基としては、R3(―
OA′)n―が挙げられる(ここで、R3は炭素原子数6
〜30のアルキル基、アルケニル基またはアリール
基を表わし、A′は炭素原子数2〜4のアルキレ
ン基を表わし、mは1〜30の整数を表わす。)。こ
れらの基は置換基を有してもよく、置換基として
は、アキル基(例えばメチル基、エチル基、プロ
ピル基等)、ヒドロキシ基、アリール基(例えば
フエニル基等)等が挙げられる。
Aで表わされる炭素原子数2〜4のアルキレン
基としては、分岐でも直鎖でもよく、例えばエチ
レン基、メチルエチレン基等が挙げられる。
Mで表わされるカチオンとしては、アルカリ金
属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、アンモニウ
ムイオン、第4アンモニウム塩イオンが挙げられ
る。
以下、前記一般式(1)および(2)のモノマー化合物
の具体例を示す。
例示モノマー化合物
M−1
M−2
M−3
M−4
M−5
M−6
M−7
M−8
M−9
M−10
M−11
M−12
M−13
M−14
M−15
M−16
M−17
M−18
本発明に用いられる前記一般式(1)のモノマー化
合物および/または前記一般式(2)モノマー化合物
は、該モノマー化合物と共重合可能な他のエチレ
ン性モノマー化合物と共重合させて本発明に用い
るラテツクス形成用ポリマー(以下本発明のポリ
マーと称する)とする。
本発明のポリマーにおいては、共重合可能な他
のエチレン性モノマー化合物と共に、前記一般式
(1)のモノマー化合物のみを有してもよいし、前記
一般式(2)のモノマー化合物のみを有してもよい。
また、前記一般式(1)および(2)の両方のモノマー化
合物を有してもよい。さらに、前記一般式(1)およ
び(2)のそれぞれのモノマー化合物においては、1
種のみからなるものであつても2種以上であつて
もよい。
前記一般式(1)および(2)の両方のモノマー化合物
を有するポリマーである場合、前記一般式(1)で表
わされるモノマー化合物と前記一般式(2)で表わさ
れるモノマー化合物の組成比は任意であるが、好
ましくは10:90〜90:10(重量比)である。
本発明のポリマーを形成し得る本発明のモノマ
ー化合物と共重合可能な他のエチレン性モノマー
化合物としては、アクリル酸エステル類、メタク
リル酸エステル類、ビニルエステル類、オレフイ
ン類、スチレン類、グリシジルエステル類、から
選ばれる少なくとも1種のモノマー化合物を親水
性コロイド層との相溶性から本発明のポリマーの
構成成分として30重量%以上含有させることが好
ましい。
これらのモノマー化合物について更に具体的に
示すと、アクリル酸エステル類としては、メチル
アクリレート、エチルアクリレート、n−プロピ
ルアクリレート、イソプロピルアクリレート、n
−ブチルアクリレート、イソブチルアクリレー
ト、sec−ブチルアクリレート、tert−ブチルア
クリレート、アミルアクリレート、ヘキシルアク
リレート、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレー、オク
チルアクリレート、tert−オクチルアクリレー
ト、2−クロロエチルアクリレート、2−ブロモ
エチルアクリレート、4−クロロブチルアクリレ
ート、シアノエチルアクリレート、2−アセトキ
シエチルアクリレート、ジメチルアミノエチルア
クリレート、ベンジルアクリレート、メトキシベ
ンジルアクリレート、2−クロロシクロヘキシル
アクリレート、シクロヘキシルアクリレート、フ
ルフリルアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル
アクリレート、フエニルアクリレート、2−ヒド
ロキシエチルアクリレート、5−ヒドロキシペン
チルアクリレート、2,2−ジメチル−3−ヒド
ロキシプロピルアクリレート、2−メトキシエチ
ルアクリレー、3−メトキシブチルアクリレー
ト、2−エトキシエチルアクリレート、2−iso
−プロポキシアクリレート、2−ブトキシエチル
アクリレート、2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)エ
チルアクリレート、2(2−ブトキシエトキシ)
エチルアクリレート、ω−メトキシポリエチレン
グリコールアクリレート(付加モル数n=9)、
1−ブロモ−2−メトキシエチアクリレート、
1,1−ジクロロ−2−エトキシエチルアクリレ
ート等が挙げられる。
メタクリル酸エステル類の例としては、メチル
メタクリレート、エチルメタクリレート、n−プ
ロピルメタクリレート、イソプロピルメタクリレ
ート、n−ブチルメタクリレート、イソブチルメ
タクリレート、sec−ブチルメタクリレート、
tert−ブチルメタクリレート、アミルメタクリレ
ート、ヘキシルメタクリレート、シクロヘキシル
メタクリレート、ベンジルメタクリレート、クロ
ロペンジルメタクリレート、オクチルメタクリレ
ート、スルホプロピルメタクリレート、N−エチ
ル−N−フエニルアミノエチルメタクリレート、
2−(3−フエニルプロピルオキシ)エチルメタ
クリレート、ジメチルアミノフエノキシエチルメ
タクリレート、フルフリルメタクリレート、テト
ラヒドロフルフリルメタクリレート、フエニルメ
タクリレート、クレジルメタクリレート、ナフチ
ルメタクリレート、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタク
リレート、4−ヒドロキシブチルメタクリレー
ト、トリエチレングリコールモノメタリレート、
ジプロピレングリコールモノメタクリレート、2
−メトキシエチルメタクリレート、3−メトキシ
ブチルメタクリレート、2−アセトキシエチルメ
タクリレート、2−アセトアセトキシエチルメタ
クリレート、2−エトキシエチルメタクリエー
ト、2−iso−プロポキシエチルメタクリレート、
2−ブトキシエチルメタクリレート、2−(2−
メトキシエトキシ)エチルメタクリレート、2−
(2−エトキシエトキシ)エチルメタクリレート、
2−(2−ブトキシエトキシ)エチルメタクリレ
ート、ω−メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタ
クリレート(付加モル数n=6)、アリルメタリ
レート、メタクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチルメチ
ルクロライド塩などを挙げることができる。
ビニルエステル類の例としては、ビニルアセテ
ーと、ビニルカプロエート、ビニルクロロアセテ
ート、ビニルプロピオネート、ビニルブチレー
ト、ビニルイソブチレート、ビニルメトキシアセ
テート、ビニルフエニルアセテート、安息香酸ビ
ニル、サリチル酸ビニルなどが挙げられる。
またオレフイン類の例としては、ジシクロペン
タジエン、エチレン、プロピレン、1−ブテン、
1−ペンテン、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、イ
ソプレン、クロロプレン、ブタジエン、2,3−
ジメチルブダジエン等を挙げることができる。
スチレン類としては、例えば、スチレン、メチ
ルスチレン、ジメチルスチレン、トリメチルスチ
レン、エチルスチレン、イソプロピルスチレン、
クロルメチルスチレン、メトキシスチレン、アセ
トキシスチレン、クロルスチレン、ジクロルスチ
レン、プロムスチレン、トリフルオロメチルスチ
レン、ビニル安息香酸メチルエステルなどが挙げ
られる。
グリシジルエステル類、例えば、グリシジルア
クリレート、グリシジルメタクリレートなどを挙
げることができる。
本発明のポリマーには、本発明の効果を損わな
い範囲で前記以外のエチレン性モノマー化合物を
共重合させてもよく、これらのモノマー化合物と
しては、アクリルアミド類、アクリル酸、メタク
リル酸、架橋性モノマー化合物等が挙げられる。
本発明のポリマー中、本発明の前記一般式(1)の
モノマー化合物及び/または前記一般式(2)のモノ
マー化合物(以下、本発明のモノマー化合物とい
う)含量は、0.1〜40重量%が好ましく、より好
ましくは0.5〜30重量%である。
本発明のモノマー化合物の含量が40重量%を越
えると本発明のポリマーの親水性が増し、ラテツ
クスとしての安定性が得にくく、また0.1重量%
に満たない場合は本発明の効果を充分に得ること
ができなくなる。
本発明のポリマーラテツクスは公知の方法で容
易に製造することができる。例えば、乳化重合
法、溶接重合法または塊状重合法で得た本発明の
ポリマーを再分散する方法(以下、再分散法とい
う)等により容易に製造することができる。重合
法として好ましくは乳化重合法である。
乳化重合法においては、反応濃度が20〜180℃、
より好ましく40〜100℃で、水と、水に対して10
〜50重量%のモノマー化合物(本発明のモノマー
化合物と該モノマー化合物と共重合可能な他のエ
チレン性モノマー化合物を所定の割合で含む)
と、モノマー化合物に対して0.05〜5重量%の重
合開始剤と0.1〜20重量%の乳化剤を用いて行な
われる。この際、目的に応じて重合開始剤、濃
度、反応湿度、反応時間等を幅広く、かつ任意に
変更できる。乳化剤は一般に使用しなくても合成
できるが、得られるポリマーラテツクスの経時安
定性、親水性コロイドとの相溶性等から用いても
よい。
本発明のポリマーのラテツクスの乳化重合法に
用いられる重合開始剤としては、過硫酸カリウ
ム、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム等の
過硫酸塩類、4−4′−アゾビス−4−シアノ吉草
酸ナトリウム、2,2′−アゾビス(2−アミジノ
プロパン)塩酸塩等の水溶性アゾ化合物、過酸化
水素を用いることができる。
本発明のポリマーのラテツクスの分子量は2000
〜1000000が好ましく、より好ましくは5000〜
500000である。粒径は0.01〜1μmが好ましく、よ
り好ましくは0.01〜0.5μmである。
なお、本発明において分子量は、ゲルパーミエ
ーシヨンクロマトグラフイーHLC−802A[東洋
曹達(株)製)を用い標準ポリエチレン換算の数平均
分子量(以下Mnで表す)で示した値であり、粒
径はコールターN4(コールター社製)を用いて測
定した値である。
以下、本発明のポリマーラテツクスの具体的代
表例を示すが、本発明はこれらに限定されるもの
ではない。
例示ポリマーラツテクス
以下に本発明のポリマーラテツクスの代表合成
例を示す。
合成例 1
1のコルベンにN2で脱気した蒸留水360mlを
入れ80℃まで昇温する。これに蒸留水5mlに溶解
した過硫酸アンモニウム0.27gをすばやく添加
し、そこにエチルアクリレート89.1g、本発明の
モノマー化合物(M−1)0.9gの混合物を約1
時間で滴下し、滴下終了後さらに4時間攪拌を続
け反応させた。反応終了後、1時間の水蒸気蒸留
により未反応モノマー化合物を除去し、目的とす
るポリマーラテツクス(L−1)を得た。
粒径=0.08μm、Mn=100000
合成例 2
1のコルベンにN2で脱気した蒸留水360mlと
乳化剤
6gおよび
1.2gを入れ80℃まで昇温する。これに蒸留水5
mlに溶解した過硫酸アンモニウム0.27gをすばや
く添加し、そこにエチルアクリレート80g、本発
明のモノマー化合物(M−2)10gの混合物を約
1時間で滴下し、滴下終了後さらに4時間攪拌を
続け反応させた。反応終了後、1時間の水蒸気蒸
留により未反応モノマー化合物を除去し、目的と
するポリマーラテツクス(L−2)を得た。
粒径=0.09μm、Mn=110000
合成例 3
1のコルベンにN2ガスで脱気した蒸留水360
mlを入れ、80℃にまで昇温する。これに蒸留水5
mlに溶解した過硫酸アンモニウム0.27gをすばや
く添加し、そこにブチルアクリレート85.5g、本
発明のモノマー化合物(M−5)4.5gの混合物
を約1時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後さらに4時
間攪拌し反応する。反応終了後1時間水蒸気蒸留
して未反応モノマーを回収し、室温まで冷却し、
目的とするポリマーラテツクス(L−5)を得
る。
粒径=0.25μm、Mn=180000
本発明のポリマーラテツクスは、ハロゲン化銀
写真感光材料の親水性コロイドを用いるあらゆる
写真構成層、例えばハロゲン化銀乳剤層、中間
層、保護層、ハレーシヨン防止層、バツクコート
層等に用いることができる。
本発明のポリマーラテツクスは、親水性コロイ
ドに対し80重量%以下が好ましく、より好ましく
は5重量%〜50重量%であり、1m2当たり約0.01
g〜5.0gが好ましく、より好ましくは0.1g〜1.0
gである。
本発明に用いられる親水性コロイドとしては、
ゼラチンを用いるのが有利であるか、ゼラチン誘
導体、ゼラチンと他の高分子のグラフトポリマ
ー、それ以外の蛋白質、糖誘導体、セルロース誘
導体、単一あるいは共重合体の如き合成親水性高
分子物質等の親水性コロイドを用いることができ
る。
ゼラチンとしては石灰処理ゼラチンのほか酸処
理ゼラチン、Bull、Soc、Sci、Phot.Japan No.
16、30頁(1966)に記載されたような酸素処理ゼ
ラチンを用いてもよく、又ゼラチンの加水分解物
や酸素分解物も用いることができる。ゼラチン誘
導体としては、ゼラチンに例えば酸ハライド、酸
無水物、イソシアネート類、ブロモ酢酸、アルカ
ンサルトン類、ビニルスルホンアミド類、マレイ
ンイミド化合物類、ポリアルキレンオキシド類、
エポキシ化合物類等種々の化合物を反応させて得
られるものが用いられる。その具体例は米国特許
第2614928号、同3132945号、同3186846号、同
3312553号、英国特許861414号、同1033189号、同
1005784号、特公昭42−26845号などに記載されて
いる。
たん白質としては、アルブミン、カゼイン等、
セルロース誘導体としてはヒドロキシエチルセロ
ース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、セルロース
の硫酸エステル等、また糖誘導体としてはアルギ
ン酸ソーダ、でん粉誘導体が好ましい。
前記ゼラチンと他の高分子のグラフトポリマー
としてはゼラチンにアクリル酸、メタアクリル
酸、それらのエステル、アミドなどの誘導体、ア
クリロニトリル、スチレンなどの如きビニル系モ
ノマーの単一(ホモ)または共重合体をグラフト
させたものを用いることができる。ことに、ゼラ
チンとある程度相溶性のあるポリマー、例えばア
クリル酸、アクリルアミド、メタアクリルアミ
ド、ヒドロキシアルキルメタアクリレート等の重
合体とのグラフトポリマーが好ましい。これらの
例は、米国特許第2763625号、同2831767号、同
2956884号などに記載されている。
代表的な合成親水性高分子物質は、ポリビニル
アルコール、ポリビニルアルコール部分アセター
ル、ポリ−N−ビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリル
酸、ポリメタクリル酸、ポリアクリルアミド、ポ
リビニルイミダゾール、ポリビニルピラゾール等
の単一あるいは共重合体等であり、例えば西独特
許出願(OLS)2312708号、米国特許第3620751
号、同3879205号、特公昭43−7561号に記載のも
のである。
本発明に用いられるハロゲン化銀乳剤には、ハ
ロゲン化銀として臭化銀、沃臭化銀、沃塩化銀、
塩臭化銀、および塩化銀等の通常のハロゲン化銀
乳剤に使用される任意のものを用いる事ができ
る。
本発明に用いられるハロゲン化銀乳剤は、ハロ
ゲン化銀粒子の成長の終了後に不要な可溶性塩類
を除去するのが好ましいが、含有させたままでも
よい。該塩類を除去する場合には、リサーチ・デ
イスクロージヤー(Research Disclosure)
17643号記載の方法に基づいて行うことができる。
本発明のハロゲン化銀乳剤は、別々に形成した
2種以上のハロゲン化銀乳剤を混合して用いても
よい。
本発明のハロゲン化銀乳剤は、常法により化学
増感することができる。即ち、硫黄増感法、セレ
ン増感法、還元増感法、金その他の貴金属化合物
を用いる基金属増感法などを単独で又は組み合わ
せて用いることができる。
本発明のハロゲン化銀乳剤は、写真業界におい
て増感色素として知られている色素を用いて、所
望の波長域に光学的に増感できる。増感色素は単
独で用いてもよいが、2種以上を組み合わせて用
いてもよい。増感色素とともにそれ自身分光増感
作用を持たない色素、あるいは可視光を実質的に
吸収しない化合物であつて、増感色素の増感作用
を強める強色増感剤を乳剤中に含有させてもよ
い。
本発明のハロゲン化銀写真感光材料には、前述
した添加剤以外にマツト剤、安定剤、現像促進
剤、硬膜剤、界面活性剤、汚染防止剤、潤滑剤、
紫外線吸収剤、ホルマリンスカベンジヤー、カラ
ーカブラー、帯電防止剤、その他写真感光材料に
有用な各種の添加剤を用いることができる。
本発明のハロゲン化銀写真感光材料に用いられ
る支持体には、α−オレフインポリマー(例えば
ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン/ブテ
ン共重体)等をラミネートした紙、合成紙等の可
撓性反射支持体、酢酸セルロース、硝酸セルロー
ス、ポリスチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレ
ンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネイト、ポリアミ
ド等の半合成又は合成高分子からなるフイルム
や、これらのフイルムに反射層を設けた可撓性支
持体、ガラス、金属、陶器などが含まれる。
本発明が用いられるハロゲン化銀写真感光材料
としては、撮影用白黒感材、X−ray用白黒感
材、印刷用白黒感材等の白黒感材、カラーリバー
サルフイルム、カラーネガフイルム、カラーポジ
フイルム等の多層カラー感光材等を挙げることが
できる。
[発明の具体的効果]
以上説明した如く、本発明のハロゲン化銀写真
感光材料においては、前記一般式(1)のモノマー化
合物および/または前記一般式(2)のモノマー化合
物から誘導される繰り返し単位を有するポリマー
のラテツクスを親水性コロイド層に含有させたの
で、親水性コロイド層における凝集、沈澱がな
く、親水性コロイドとポリマーラテツクスとの相
溶性が良好で失透現象が発生せず、写真特性にも
悪影響を与えることなしに、親水性コロイド膜の
寸度安定性等の皮膜物性を改良できた。
[実施例]
以下本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する
が、本発明の実施の態様はこれらに限定されるも
のではない。
実施例 1
100gのゼラチンを含有するゼラチン水溶液1
に、本発明のポリマーラテツクスL−1(固形
分20重量%)100mlを加え、40℃で1時間、5時
間の保存後の凝集状態を目視で判定した。凝集状
態は、○:凝集なし、△:やや凝集、×:凝集物
沈澱の3段階評価で行つた。
上記ポリマーラテツクスL−1をそれぞれL−
2、L−3、L−5、L−6、L−8、L−11、
L−13、L−14、L−15、L−16、比較ポリマー
ラテツクス(A)、比較ポリマーラテツクス(B)に代え
た以外は同様にしてそれぞれ試料を調整し、凝集
状態を判定した。結果を表1に示す。
比較ポリマーラテツクスは合成例1と同様に合
成した以下のポリマーラテツクスである。
比較ポリマーラテツク(A)
(特公昭45−5331号記載)
比較ポリマーラテツク(B)
(特公昭45−18415号記載)
[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a silver halide photographic material, and more particularly to a silver halide photographic material having a hydrophilic colloid layer with improved film-forming properties. [Background of the Invention] Generally, hydrophilic colloid films used for producing photographic light-sensitive materials are required not only to have no adverse effect on photographic sensitivity characteristics but also to have specified strength in terms of film physical properties. Therefore, when coating a hydrophilic colloid layer such as a silver halide emulsion layer, intermediate layer, or protective layer on a support, a polymer latex in which various monomer compounds are polymerized is conventionally used in the hydrophilic colloid layer. Various attempts have been made to improve the physical properties of the hydrophilic colloid film, such as the dimensional stability, scratch strength, flexibility, pressure resistance, and drying properties, of the resulting hydrophilic colloid film. For example, the vinyl acetate polymer latex of U.S. Pat. No. 2,376,005, U.S. Pat. No. 3,325,286
Polymer latex of alkyl acrylate in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-5331, polymer latex of n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, styrene, butadiene, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, etc. in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-22506, alkyl acrylate, acrylic acid in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-22506 , a polymer latex of sulfoalkyl acrylate, a polymer latex of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid disclosed in JP-A-51-130217, and the like have been used for the above purpose. However, some of these polymer latexes tend to aggregate or precipitate when mixed with an aqueous solution of gelatin, which is a hydrophilic colloid, or in the presence of salts.
The transparency of the hydrophilic colloid film deteriorates and devitrification occurs, and some polymer latexes
It had drawbacks such as adverse effects on photographic properties such as sensitivity, fog, gradation, and development progress. Furthermore, since a large amount of emulsifier is used for dispersing these polymer latexes, this has been a cause of impairing the physical properties of the new aqueous colloid film. On the other hand, JP-A-54-133324 and JP-A-56-19043 disclose polymer latexes that can be synthesized by reducing the amount of emulsifier in addition to being an antistatic agent, but these polymer latexes have good film properties. and good gelatin compatibility of polymer latex at the same time.
20 ethylenic monomer compounds having at least one free phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof as described in No. 133324.
Polymer latex containing more than % by weight significantly impaired the physical properties of the hydrophilic colloid film and did not improve the compatibility with gelatin, which is a hydrophilic colloid. [Object of the Invention] The present invention has been made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the first object of the present invention is to provide a structure that does not adversely affect photographic performance, does not cause devitrification phenomenon, and has dimensional stability. An object of the present invention is to provide a silver halide photographic material having a hydrophilic colloid layer with improved film properties such as hardness and scratch strength. A second object of the present invention is to provide a polymer latex which is sufficiently stable even when incorporated into a hydrophilic colloid layer of a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material. [Structure of the Invention] The above object of the present invention is to prepare a latex of a polymer having repeating units derived from a monomer compound represented by the following general formula (1) and/or a monomer compound represented by the following general formula (2) into at least one hydrophilic polymer. This is achieved by using a silver halide photographic material contained in a photocolloid layer. General formula (1) General formula (2) In the formula, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,
R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an organic group containing an oxyalkylene group, J represents a methylene group or a phenylene methylene group, and A
represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n
represents an integer from 0 to 30, and M represents a cation. [Specific Structure of the Invention] In the monomer compound represented by the general formula (1) or (2) of the present invention, in the formula, the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R 2 is an alkyl group. (e.g., octyl group, nonyl group, dodecyl group, etc.), alkenyl group (e.g., octenyl group, nonenyl group, dodecenyl group, etc.), aryl group (e.g., phenyl group, etc.), and includes an oxyalkylene group represented by R 2 As an organic group, R 3 (-
OA') n - (where R 3 is the number of carbon atoms 6
~30 alkyl group, alkenyl group or aryl group, A' represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 1 to 30. ). These groups may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include an alkyl group (eg, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, etc.), a hydroxy group, an aryl group (eg, phenyl group, etc.). The alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms represented by A may be branched or straight chain, and includes, for example, an ethylene group and a methylethylene group. Examples of the cation represented by M include alkali metal ions, alkaline earth metal ions, ammonium ions, and quaternary ammonium salt ions. Specific examples of the monomer compounds of the general formulas (1) and (2) are shown below. Exemplary monomer compound M-1 M-2 M-3 M-4 M-5 M-6 M-7 M-8 M-9 M-10 M-11 M-12 M-13 M-14 M-15 M-16 M-17 M-18 The monomer compound of general formula (1) and/or the monomer compound of general formula (2) used in the present invention is copolymerized with another ethylenic monomer compound copolymerizable with the monomer compound and used in the present invention. A latex-forming polymer (hereinafter referred to as the polymer of the present invention). In the polymer of the present invention, along with other copolymerizable ethylenic monomer compounds, the general formula
It may contain only the monomer compound of (1) or may contain only the monomer compound of general formula (2).
Furthermore, it may contain monomer compounds of both general formulas (1) and (2). Furthermore, in each of the monomer compounds of the general formulas (1) and (2), 1
It may consist of only seeds or two or more types. In the case of a polymer having both monomer compounds of the general formula (1) and (2), the composition ratio of the monomer compound represented by the general formula (1) and the monomer compound represented by the general formula (2) is arbitrary. However, the ratio is preferably 10:90 to 90:10 (weight ratio). Other ethylenic monomer compounds copolymerizable with the monomer compound of the present invention that can form the polymer of the present invention include acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, vinyl esters, olefins, styrenes, and glycidyl esters. The polymer of the present invention preferably contains 30% by weight or more of at least one monomer compound selected from the following, as a constituent component, from the viewpoint of compatibility with the hydrophilic colloid layer. More specifically, these monomer compounds include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, and n-propyl acrylate.
-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, tert-octyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, 2-bromoethyl acrylate, 4 -Chlorobutyl acrylate, cyanoethyl acrylate, 2-acetoxyethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, methoxybenzyl acrylate, 2-chlorocyclohexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, furfuryl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, 2- Hydroxyethyl acrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl acrylate, 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate, 2-iso
-Propoxy acrylate, 2-butoxyethyl acrylate, 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate, 2(2-butoxyethoxy)
Ethyl acrylate, ω-methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate (number of added moles n = 9),
1-bromo-2-methoxyethyacrylate,
Examples include 1,1-dichloro-2-ethoxyethyl acrylate. Examples of methacrylic acid esters include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, sec-butyl methacrylate,
tert-butyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, chloropenzyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, sulfopropyl methacrylate, N-ethyl-N-phenylaminoethyl methacrylate,
2-(3-phenylpropyloxy)ethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminophenoxyethyl methacrylate, furfuryl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, cresyl methacrylate, naphthyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxy Butyl methacrylate, triethylene glycol monomethacrylate,
Dipropylene glycol monomethacrylate, 2
-methoxyethyl methacrylate, 3-methoxybutyl methacrylate, 2-acetoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-iso-propoxyethyl methacrylate,
2-Butoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-(2-
methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, 2-
(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate,
Examples include 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate, ω-methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate (additional mole number n=6), allyl methacrylate, and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride salt. Examples of vinyl esters include vinyl acetate, vinyl caproate, vinyl chloroacetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl methoxy acetate, vinyl phenyl acetate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl salicylate, etc. can be mentioned. Examples of olefins include dicyclopentadiene, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene,
1-pentene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, isoprene, chloroprene, butadiene, 2,3-
Dimethylbutadiene and the like can be mentioned. Examples of styrenes include styrene, methylstyrene, dimethylstyrene, trimethylstyrene, ethylstyrene, isopropylstyrene,
Examples include chloromethylstyrene, methoxystyrene, acetoxystyrene, chlorstyrene, dichlorostyrene, promstyrene, trifluoromethylstyrene, and vinylbenzoic acid methyl ester. Glycidyl esters such as glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate can be mentioned. The polymer of the present invention may be copolymerized with ethylenic monomer compounds other than those mentioned above within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Examples of these monomer compounds include acrylamides, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crosslinkable Examples include monomer compounds. In the polymer of the present invention, the content of the monomer compound of the general formula (1) of the present invention and/or the monomer compound of the general formula (2) (hereinafter referred to as the monomer compound of the present invention) is preferably 0.1 to 40% by weight. , more preferably 0.5 to 30% by weight. When the content of the monomer compound of the present invention exceeds 40% by weight, the hydrophilicity of the polymer of the present invention increases, making it difficult to obtain stability as a latex;
If it is less than , the effects of the present invention cannot be fully obtained. The polymer latex of the present invention can be easily produced by known methods. For example, it can be easily produced by a method of redispersing the polymer of the present invention obtained by emulsion polymerization, welding polymerization, or bulk polymerization (hereinafter referred to as redispersion method). The preferred polymerization method is emulsion polymerization. In the emulsion polymerization method, the reaction concentration is 20 to 180℃,
More preferably at 40-100℃, with water and 10% relative to water.
~50% by weight of a monomer compound (containing a predetermined ratio of the monomer compound of the present invention and another ethylenic monomer compound copolymerizable with the monomer compound)
This is carried out using 0.05 to 5% by weight of a polymerization initiator and 0.1 to 20% by weight of an emulsifier based on the monomer compound. At this time, the polymerization initiator, concentration, reaction humidity, reaction time, etc. can be varied widely and arbitrarily depending on the purpose. Although the emulsifier can generally be synthesized without using it, it may be used in view of the stability of the resulting polymer latex over time, its compatibility with hydrophilic colloids, etc. Polymerization initiators used in the emulsion polymerization method for polymer latex of the present invention include persulfates such as potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and sodium persulfate, sodium 4-4'-azobis-4-cyanovalerate, , 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride and other water-soluble azo compounds, and hydrogen peroxide can be used. The molecular weight of the latex of the polymer of the present invention is 2000.
〜1000000 is preferable, more preferably 5000〜
500000. The particle size is preferably 0.01 to 1 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 μm. In the present invention, the molecular weight is a value expressed as a number average molecular weight (hereinafter expressed as Mn) in terms of standard polyethylene using gel permeation chromatography HLC-802A (manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd.), and the particle size is a value measured using Coulter N4 (manufactured by Coulter). Specific representative examples of the polymer latex of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Exemplary polymer latex Typical synthesis examples of the polymer latex of the present invention are shown below. Synthesis Example 1 Pour 360 ml of distilled water degassed with N 2 into the Colben from 1 and raise the temperature to 80°C. To this, 0.27 g of ammonium persulfate dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water was quickly added, and a mixture of 89.1 g of ethyl acrylate and 0.9 g of the monomer compound (M-1) of the present invention was added thereto for about 1 hour.
The mixture was added dropwise over a period of time, and after the completion of the addition, stirring was continued for an additional 4 hours to allow reaction. After the reaction was completed, unreacted monomer compounds were removed by steam distillation for 1 hour to obtain the desired polymer latex (L-1). Particle size = 0.08 μm, Mn = 100000 Synthesis example 2 360 ml of distilled water degassed with N 2 and emulsifier in Kolben from 1 6g and Add 1.2g and raise the temperature to 80℃. Distilled water 5
ml of ammonium persulfate was quickly added thereto, and a mixture of 80 g of ethyl acrylate and 10 g of the monomer compound (M-2) of the present invention was added dropwise thereto over about 1 hour, and after the dropwise addition was completed, stirring was continued for an additional 4 hours to react. I let it happen. After the reaction was completed, unreacted monomer compounds were removed by steam distillation for 1 hour to obtain the desired polymer latex (L-2). Particle size = 0.09μm, Mn = 110000 Synthesis example 3 Distilled water degassed with N2 gas in the Kolben of 1 360
ml and raise the temperature to 80℃. Distilled water 5
ml of ammonium persulfate was quickly added thereto, and a mixture of 85.5 g of butyl acrylate and 4.5 g of the monomer compound of the present invention (M-5) was added dropwise thereto over about 1 hour, and after the dropwise addition was completed, the mixture was further stirred for 4 hours. and react. After the completion of the reaction, steam distillation was performed for 1 hour to recover unreacted monomers, and the mixture was cooled to room temperature.
The desired polymer latex (L-5) is obtained. Particle size = 0.25 μm, Mn = 180000 The polymer latex of the present invention can be used in all photographic constituent layers using hydrophilic colloids in silver halide photographic materials, such as silver halide emulsion layers, intermediate layers, protective layers, and antihalation layers. , a back coat layer, etc. The content of the polymer latex of the present invention is preferably 80% by weight or less, more preferably 5% to 50% by weight, based on the hydrophilic colloid, and about 0.01% by weight per m 2 .
g to 5.0 g is preferable, more preferably 0.1 g to 1.0 g
It is g. Hydrophilic colloids used in the present invention include:
It is advantageous to use gelatin, gelatin derivatives, graft polymers of gelatin and other polymers, other proteins, sugar derivatives, cellulose derivatives, synthetic hydrophilic polymeric substances such as monopolymers or copolymers, etc. Hydrophilic colloids can be used. Gelatin includes lime-processed gelatin, acid-processed gelatin, Bull, Soc, Sci, Phot.Japan No.
16, p. 30 (1966) may be used, and gelatin hydrolysates and oxygen-decomposed products may also be used. Examples of gelatin derivatives include gelatin, acid halides, acid anhydrides, isocyanates, bromoacetic acid, alkanesultones, vinyl sulfonamides, maleimide compounds, polyalkylene oxides,
Those obtained by reacting various compounds such as epoxy compounds are used. Specific examples are US Patent Nos. 2614928, 3132945, 3186846,
3312553, British Patent No. 861414, British Patent No. 1033189, British Patent No.
It is described in No. 1005784, Special Publication No. 42-26845, etc. Proteins include albumin, casein, etc.
Preferred cellulose derivatives include hydroxyethylcellose, carboxymethylcellulose, and cellulose sulfate esters, and preferred sugar derivatives include sodium alginate and starch derivatives. The graft polymer of gelatin and other polymers may be a single (homo) or copolymer of vinyl monomers such as gelatin, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, derivatives thereof such as esters and amides, acrylonitrile, styrene, etc. A grafted material can be used. Particularly preferred are graft polymers with polymers which are compatible with gelatin to some extent, such as acrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, and the like. Examples of these are U.S. Pat.
It is described in issues such as No. 2956884. Typical synthetic hydrophilic polymer substances include single or copolymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol partial acetal, poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinylimidazole, and polyvinylpyrazole. For example, West German Patent Application (OLS) No. 2312708, U.S. Patent No. 3620751
No. 3879205 and Special Publication No. 7561 of 1973. The silver halide emulsion used in the present invention includes silver bromide, silver iodobromide, silver iodochloride, silver halide,
Any of those used in conventional silver halide emulsions can be used, such as silver chlorobromide and silver chloride. It is preferable to remove unnecessary soluble salts from the silver halide emulsion used in the present invention after the growth of silver halide grains is completed, but they may remain contained. If the salts are removed, research disclosure is required.
It can be carried out based on the method described in No. 17643. The silver halide emulsion of the present invention may be a mixture of two or more separately formed silver halide emulsions. The silver halide emulsion of the present invention can be chemically sensitized by conventional methods. That is, a sulfur sensitization method, a selenium sensitization method, a reduction sensitization method, a base metal sensitization method using gold or other noble metal compounds, etc. can be used alone or in combination. The silver halide emulsion of the present invention can be optically sensitized to a desired wavelength range using dyes known as sensitizing dyes in the photographic industry. The sensitizing dyes may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Along with the sensitizing dye, the emulsion contains a dye that itself does not have a spectral sensitizing effect, or a supersensitizer, which is a compound that does not substantially absorb visible light and enhances the sensitizing effect of the sensitizing dye. Good too. In addition to the above-mentioned additives, the silver halide photographic material of the present invention includes matting agents, stabilizers, development accelerators, hardeners, surfactants, anti-staining agents, lubricants,
Various additives useful for photographic materials such as ultraviolet absorbers, formalin scavengers, color couplers, antistatic agents, and others can be used. The support used in the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention includes a flexible reflective support such as paper laminated with α-olefin polymer (for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene/butene copolymer), synthetic paper, etc. Films made of semi-synthetic or synthetic polymers such as cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyamide, flexible supports with reflective layers on these films, glass, metals, Including pottery etc. Silver halide photographic materials to which the present invention can be used include black and white photosensitive materials such as black and white photosensitive materials for photography, black and white photosensitive materials for X-ray, and black and white photosensitive materials for printing, color reversal films, color negative films, color positive films, etc. Examples include multilayer color photosensitive materials. [Specific Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material of the present invention, repeating polymers derived from the monomer compound of the general formula (1) and/or the monomer compound of the general formula (2) Since the hydrophilic colloid layer contains a polymer latex having units, there is no aggregation or precipitation in the hydrophilic colloid layer, and the compatibility between the hydrophilic colloid and the polymer latex is good, and devitrification does not occur. The film properties such as the dimensional stability of the hydrophilic colloid film could be improved without adversely affecting the photographic properties. [Examples] The present invention will be specifically explained below using Examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Example 1 Gelatin aqueous solution 1 containing 100 g of gelatin
100 ml of the polymer latex L-1 of the present invention (solid content: 20% by weight) was added to the solution, and the state of aggregation after storage at 40° C. for 1 hour and 5 hours was visually determined. The state of aggregation was evaluated in three stages: ◯: no aggregation, △: slight aggregation, and ×: aggregate precipitation. Each of the above polymer latexes L-1 and L-
2, L-3, L-5, L-6, L-8, L-11,
Samples were prepared in the same manner except that L-13, L-14, L-15, L-16, comparative polymer latex (A), and comparative polymer latex (B) were used, and the state of aggregation was determined. . The results are shown in Table 1. The comparative polymer latex was the following polymer latex synthesized in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1. Comparative polymer latex (A) (described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-5331) Comparative polymer latex (B) (described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 18415/1973)
【表】
表1の結果から明らかなように、本発明のポリ
マーラテツクスは親水性コロイドとの相溶性が良
く、凝集物がつくらないことがわかる。
実施例 2
3モル%の沃化銀を含む沃臭化銀ゼラチン乳剤
に4−ヒドロキシ−6−メチル−11,3,3a,
7−テトラザインデンおよびムコクロル酸を添加
した後、下引きしたポリエチレンテレフタレート
支持体上に銀量50mg/dm2になるように塗布し、
コントロール試料とした。
上記コントロール試料に表2に示すポリマーラ
テツクスをそれぞれ乳剤中のゼラチンに対し5重
量%添加した以外は同様にして試料14〜23を得
た。
上記試料をウエツジ露光して以下に示す現像処
理を行なつた後、現像処理前後の寸度安定性、引
掻き強度、失透性および写真性能に及ぼす影響を
みた。結果を表2に示す。
[処理工程]
工程 温度(℃) 時間(秒)
現像 30 45
定着 25 35
水洗 15 35
乾燥 45 20
用いた現像液組成を以下に示す。
[現像液組成]
フエニドン 0.4g
メトール 5g
ハイドロキノン 1g
無水亜硫酸ナトリウム 60g
炭酸ナトリウム・H2O 54g
5−ニトロイミダゾール 100mg
臭化カリウム 2.5g
水を加えて1としてPH10.20に調整。
但し、表2に示した寸度安定性、引掻き強度、
先透性、感度については以下のとおりである。
[寸度安定性]
寸度安定性は寸度変化率で表わす。寸度変化率
は、長さ200mmの露光した試料の処理前の寸法を
Xmm、処理後をYmmとし次式によつて求める。
寸度変化率(%)=((Y−X)/200)×100
当業会では、寸度変化率0.01%以下で実用上問
題なしとされる。
[引掻き強度]
前記処理工程で現像、定着、水洗したのち、水
洗水に浸漬したまま重量をかえた金属針で膜表面
を引掻いて傷のつく最低の金属針の重量(引掻き
強度)を求めた。
[失透性]
A:現像処理後の透明度低下のないもの
B:極く僅かに乳白色になるもの
C:僅かに乳白色になるもの
A、B、Cも目視を判断した。失透性は、ポリ
マーラテツクスのゼラチン相溶性を表わす。
[感度]
小西六写真工業(株)製感光計KS−1型で測定。
カブリ+0.7の濃度で与える露光量の逆数を感度
とし、コントロール試料1の即日感度を100とす
る比感度で示した。
なお、ポリマーラテツクス(A)および(B)は実施例
1で用いたと同じものであり、ポリマーラテツク
ス(C)は特開昭51−130217号の実施例1に記載の下
記の構造を有する。
ポリマーラツテツクス(C)
[Table] As is clear from the results in Table 1, the polymer latex of the present invention has good compatibility with hydrophilic colloids and does not form aggregates. Example 2 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-11,3,3a,
After adding 7-tetrazaindene and mucochloric acid, it was coated onto a subbed polyethylene terephthalate support at a silver content of 50 mg/dm 2 .
This was used as a control sample. Samples 14 to 23 were obtained in the same manner except that the polymer latex shown in Table 2 was added to the control sample in an amount of 5% by weight based on the gelatin in the emulsion. After the above sample was wedge-exposed and subjected to the development treatment shown below, the effects on dimensional stability, scratch strength, devitrification, and photographic performance before and after the development treatment were examined. The results are shown in Table 2. [Processing process] Process Temperature (°C) Time (seconds) Development 30 45 Fixing 25 35 Washing 15 35 Drying 45 20 The composition of the developer used is shown below. [Developer composition] Phenidone 0.4g Metol 5g Hydroquinone 1g Anhydrous sodium sulfite 60g Sodium carbonate/H 2 O 54g 5-nitroimidazole 100mg Potassium bromide 2.5g Add water and adjust to PH10.20. However, the dimensional stability, scratch strength,
The permeability and sensitivity are as follows. [Dimensional stability] Dimensional stability is expressed by the rate of change in dimension. The rate of dimensional change is determined by the following formula, where the dimension of an exposed sample with a length of 200 mm is X mm before processing and the dimension after processing is Y mm. Dimensional change rate (%) = ((Y-X)/200) x 100 According to the industry, a dimensional change rate of 0.01% or less is considered to be practically acceptable. [Scratch strength] After developing, fixing, and rinsing in the above processing steps, the film surface was scratched with metal needles of different weights while immersed in the rinsing water, and the minimum weight of the metal needle that caused scratches (scratching strength) was determined. Ta. [Devitrification] A: No decrease in transparency after development B: Slightly milky white C: Slightly milky white A, B, and C were also evaluated visually. Devitrification describes the gelatin compatibility of the polymer latex. [Sensitivity] Measured with a sensitometer model KS-1 manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.
Sensitivity was expressed as the reciprocal of the exposure amount given at a density of fog + 0.7, and expressed as specific sensitivity with the same-day sensitivity of control sample 1 set as 100. The polymer latexes (A) and (B) are the same as those used in Example 1, and the polymer latex (C) has the following structure as described in Example 1 of JP-A-51-130217. . Polymer latex (C)
【表】
表2から明らかなように本発明のハロゲン化銀
写真感光材料試料は、寸度安定性がよく、写真特
性の劣化もなく失透性のよいことがわかる。[Table] As is clear from Table 2, the silver halide photographic light-sensitive material samples of the present invention have good dimensional stability, no deterioration of photographic properties, and good devitrification properties.
Claims (1)
は下記一般式(2)のモノマー化合物から誘導される
繰り返し単位を有するポリマーのラテツクスを、
少なくとも1つの親水性コロイド層に含有するこ
とを特徴とするハロゲン化銀写真感光材料。 一般式(1) 一般式(2) 式中、R1は水素原子またはメチル基を表わし、
R2は炭素原子数6〜30の炭化水素基またはオキ
シアルキレン基を含む有機基を表わし、Jはメチ
レン基またはフエニレンメチレン基を表わし、A
は炭素原子数2〜4のアルキレン基を表わし、n
は0〜30の整数を表わし、Mはカチオンを表わ
す。[Scope of Claims] 1 A latex of a polymer having repeating units derived from a monomer compound of the following general formula (1) and/or a monomer compound of the following general formula (2),
A silver halide photographic material containing a hydrophilic colloid in at least one layer. General formula (1) General formula (2) In the formula, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,
R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an organic group containing an oxyalkylene group, J represents a methylene group or a phenylene methylene group, and A
represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n
represents an integer from 0 to 30, and M represents a cation.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7890285A JPS61236540A (en) | 1985-04-13 | 1985-04-13 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7890285A JPS61236540A (en) | 1985-04-13 | 1985-04-13 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS61236540A JPS61236540A (en) | 1986-10-21 |
JPH0545013B2 true JPH0545013B2 (en) | 1993-07-08 |
Family
ID=13674753
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7890285A Granted JPS61236540A (en) | 1985-04-13 | 1985-04-13 | Silver halide photographic sensitive material |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61236540A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-04-13 JP JP7890285A patent/JPS61236540A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61236540A (en) | 1986-10-21 |
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