JPH0544584A - Combustion improving device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve combustibility by activating oxygen in air used for combustion. CONSTITUTION:A discharge electrode member is provided around a central electrode 9 with an insulator 10 and a fixing metal 11, and the central electrode 9 is inserted through a screw hole 8 of a boss part 7 of an intake manifold to the interior of the intake manifold. The fixing metal 11 is screwed in the boss part 7 for securely mounting. The central electrode 9 is radially arranged in the intake manifold, and a plurality of needle-form electrode parts 12 are radially arranged in a protruding state longitudinally at intervals of a distance. A high voltage source 14 is connected between the protruding end of the central electrode 9 and the intake manifold. This constitution generates an unequal electric field between the central electrode 9 and the intake manifold, generates corona discharge through application of a high voltage, and activates oxygen in air used for combustion.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an effective technique for improving combustion in an internal combustion engine that performs intermittent combustion, a boiler that performs continuous combustion, a jet engine (including gas turbine), and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional combustion improvement measures include physical measures such as adjustment of combustion air temperature, improvement of combustion chamber shape, and atomization of fuel spray, but there is little room for improvement at present. ..

[0003]

Therefore, the inventor attempts to improve the combustion by actively trying to change the chemical characteristics of the combustion air and activating oxygen in the air used for combustion. is there.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a corona discharge means for activating oxygen in the air to be burned by a corona discharge is provided in a supply path connected to a combustion chamber so that oxygen in the air to be burned is provided. It is characterized by being activated by corona discharge before the start of combustion.

[0005]

By the corona discharge, oxygen in the air flowing into the combustion chamber is partially charged and partially converted into ozone. Charged oxygen molecules and ozone are more activated and more capable of reacting with other molecules than stable oxygen molecules.
The degree of activation is controlled by the strength of the applied electric field and the charging period. The role of oxygen in the air is dominant in the mechanism of fuel ignition, and controlling the activation of oxygen is effective in controlling the mechanism of fuel ignition.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The case where the present invention is applied to a reciprocating internal combustion engine will be described below. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a corona discharge part of the intake manifold, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the intake manifold attached to the side surface of the cylinder head.

In FIG. 2, four intake ports 2 opened on one side surface of a cylinder head 1 of a four-cylinder engine.
, The four branch pipes 5 of the intake manifold 3 are connected to each other, and the air that has passed through the air cleaner is collected from the collecting pipe 6 of the intake manifold 3 into the four branch pipes 5.
And each combustion chamber 4 of the cylinder head 1 from each branch pipe 5 through each intake port 2 to perform combustion.

In the present invention, each branch pipe 5 of the intake manifold 3 is provided with three corona discharge parts. The corona discharge part will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The branch pipe 5 of the intake manifold 3 is formed with bosses 7 having a part of the circumference having a wall thickness at three locations along the longitudinal direction. A screw hole 8 is formed at the center of the portion 7. Then, the discharge electrode member is attached to the screw hole 8.

In the discharge electrode member, an insulating insulator 10 is inserted and fixed on an upper portion of a rod-shaped center electrode 9, and the insulating insulator 10 is attached.
A fixing member 11 is inserted and fixed to the outer periphery of the. The center electrode 9 has a plurality of needle-shaped electrode portions 12 that radially protrude at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the material of the center electrode 9 is preferably stainless steel among metals. The fixing fitting 11 has a small-diameter portion continuous to the lower portion of the large-diameter portion, and a screw is formed on the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion.

Therefore, in the discharge electrode member, the gasket 13 is interposed between the upper surface of the boss portion 7 of the branch pipe 5 and the lower surface of the large-diameter portion of the fixing member 11 so that the center electrode 9 is the boss of the branch pipe 5. It is inserted into the branch pipe 5 through the screw hole 8 of the portion 7, and is fixedly attached to the branch pipe 5 by screwing the screw of the small diameter portion of the fixing metal fitting 11 into the screw hole 8 of the boss portion 7. The center electrode 9 extends in the branch pipe 5 in the radial direction to a position in front of the inner peripheral surface of the branch pipe 5.

A DC or AC high voltage power supply 14 is provided between the intake manifold 3 and the projecting end of the center electrode 9 projecting from the insulating insulator 10 and arranged outside the branch pipe 5.
(Voltage 10 to 30 KV, current 0 to 10 mA) are connected.

In this way, one electrode is connected to the needle-shaped electrode portion 12
Corona discharge is generated by applying a high voltage between them by forming a rod-shaped center electrode 9 provided with the above and an unequal electric field with the other electrode being a cylindrical branch tube 5.

Therefore, the air passing through the air cleaner is distributed from the collecting pipe 6 of the intake manifold 3 to the four branch pipes 5, and while passing through these branch pipes 5, a part of oxygen in the air is generated by corona discharge. It is charged and partly converted to ozone. The charged oxygen molecules and ozone are
Compared to a stable oxygen molecule, it has a higher ability to react with other molecules and is activated. The degree of activation is controlled by the strength of the applied electric field and the charging period.

In a gasoline engine, air is supplied with fuel before being sucked into a cylinder and is electrically ignited after compression. In a diesel engine, air is sucked and compressed into a cylinder and then injected with fuel. However, the role of oxygen in the air is dominant in the mechanism of fuel ignition, and controlling the activation of oxygen is an effective means for controlling the mechanism of fuel ignition.

FIG. 3 shows another example of how to attach the discharge electrode member. Thick boss portions 20 are formed at the radially opposite portions of the branch pipe 5, and these boss portions 20 are formed. A mounting hole 21 is formed in the center. These mounting holes 2
A rod-shaped center electrode 22 is inserted between the two and both ends are bosses 20.
Gasket 23 is inserted into both ends of the gasket 23, and a ring-shaped insulating insulator 24 is inserted thereover.
Further, a gasket 25 is interposed thereover, and a ring-shaped fixing metal fitting 27 having a screw hole formed at the center is tightened and fixed to a screw portion 26 formed at both end protruding portions, whereby the center electrode 22 is divided into five parts. It is fixed through the inside in the radial direction. In the branch pipe 5 of the center electrode 22, a plurality of needle-like electrode portions 28 that radially protrude are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the corona discharge part is provided in the branch pipe 5 of the intake manifold 3 has been shown, but a plurality of corona discharge parts may be provided along the longitudinal direction of the collection pipe 6 in the same manner as described above. Alternatively (see FIG. 4), it is of course possible to provide both pipes 5 and 6.

Although the rod-shaped central electrodes 9 and 22 are arranged in the radial direction of the intake manifold 3 in the above embodiment, the rod-shaped central electrodes may be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the intake manifold 3. it can.

An example thereof is shown in FIG. In the figure, the attachment method of the center electrode 22 is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 3 above. Attachment holes 29 are formed in both end surfaces of the collecting pipe 6, and the center electrode 22 is formed in the longitudinal direction at the center of the collecting pipe 6. It is arranged so as to penetrate therethrough and protrudes from both end surfaces of the collecting pipe 6, and the above-mentioned FIG.
Similar to the structure described in (1), the gasket 23, the insulating insulator 24, and the gasket 25 are interposed and the fixing metal fitting 27 is tightened and fixed, so that the center electrode 22 is penetrated and fixed in the longitudinal direction in the collecting pipe 6. In the collecting pipe 6 of the center electrode 22, a plurality of needle-shaped electrode portions 28 are radially projected at intervals in the longitudinal direction.

The center electrodes 9 and 22 have a plurality of needle-shaped electrode portions 12 and 28 radially arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the shaft rod. Of course, the shape is not limited to the above.

As another example of the structure of the center electrode, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), a substantially hexagonal flat plate having an outer periphery of six arcs and having six pointed electrode portions is provided. 6 has a mounting hole 31 at the center of the electrode plate 30, and a distance piece is interposed between the plurality of these electrodes to be fixedly inserted into a shaft rod, or as shown in FIG. A flat plate having a shape has a mounting hole 33 at the center of an electrode plate 32 having a sphere at each tip, and a distance piece is interposed between a plurality of these plates to insert and fix them to a shaft rod. ,
It is sufficient if it forms an unequal electric field with the intake manifold 3.

In the above description, an example in which the present invention is applied to an internal combustion engine that performs intermittent combustion has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to internal combustion engines, and in addition, boilers and jet engines (including gas turbines that perform continuous combustion). ) Etc. to improve combustion.

[0022]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. For internal combustion engines, (1) In a diesel engine, ignition delay can be reduced and generation of nitrogen oxides and increase in noise can be prevented. (2) Generation of HC, CO, and black smoke can be reduced by improving combustion. (3) Fuel consumption can be saved by reducing the combustion period. (4) By lowering the fuel ignition temperature, it is possible to improve startability in cold weather. For gas turbines and boilers, (1) it is effective in reducing the flame length.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a corona discharge part of an intake manifold according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an intake manifold according to the present invention attached to a side surface of a cylinder head.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a corona discharge part of the intake manifold according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an intake manifold according to the present invention attached to a side surface of a cylinder head.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an intake manifold according to the present invention attached to a side surface of a cylinder head.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a member forming a center electrode.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder head 2 Intake port 3 Intake manifold 4 Combustion chamber 5 Branch pipe 6 Collecting pipe 7, 20 Boss portion 8 Screw hole 9, 22 Center electrode 10, 24 Insulating insulator 11, 27 Fixing metal fitting 12, 28 Needle electrode portion 13, 23, 25 Gasket 14 High-voltage power supply 21, 29 Mounting hole 26 Screw part 30, 32 Electrode plate 31, 33 Mounting hole

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A combustion improving device, characterized in that a corona discharge means for activating oxygen in the air to be burned by a corona discharge is provided in a supply path connected to a combustion chamber. 2. A method for improving combustion, which comprises activating oxygen in air used for combustion by corona discharge before the start of combustion.