JPH05337694A - Molding method by detonation elastic pressure and device for the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the method for molding a work by converting the gaseous pressure by detonation to the elastic pressure and the device for the method. CONSTITUTION:A combustion chamber 1 is so set that its sectional area decreases gradually from one end 1A on progression of a flame and a convergent part having the min. sectional area of the passage is formed at the other end 1B. An elastic pressure chamber 12 housing an elastic body faces to the aperture of the other end 1B. The sectional area of the combustion chamber diminishes on progression of the flame in the combustion chamber 1 and, therefore the pressure therein increases and the extremely high pressure is attained at the other end 1B. The high pressure is transmitted through fluid 25 in the elastic pressure chamber 12 and is transmitted to the elastic body 19. A molding chamber 13 is provided in the elastic pressure chamber 12 in communication therewith and a mold 16 for molding supporting a member P to be molded is housed in the molding chamber 13. The shape and size or the elastic pressure chamber 12 or the properties of the elastic body are properly changeable. The elastic body 19 in the elastic pressure chamber 12 is so constituted as to be deformed by applying a pressure to the fluid 25 and to be thereby brought into contact with the member P to be molded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for molding by detonation elastic force and a device therefor capable of simply and efficiently repeating impact elastic pressure of a desired waveform in a short time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An impact hydraulic pressure generation technique is known as an impact high pressure generation method which is relatively close to the technique targeted by the present invention.

Conventionally, a technique known as an impact hydraulic pressure generation technique is as follows.

For example, first of all, a bullet is driven into a liquid such as water for pressurization to generate an impact hydraulic pressure in the liquid,
An impact hydraulic pressure generating device that applies the pressure to a member such as a plate material and presses the member against a mold to form a three-dimensional molding screw is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H01-001.
It is proposed in 157725.

Secondly, there is also known an explosive molding apparatus for producing an impact water pressure by burning explosives in water and performing three-dimensional molding of a thin plate by the pressure. This device is mainly used for molding large parts.

Thirdly, there is known a device in which an impact hydraulic pressure is generated by causing a piston accelerated at high speed by gas pressure to collide with the liquid surface of a pressurizing liquid contained in a container. Has been.

[0007]

However, the methods of generating the impact hydraulic pressure by the above-mentioned first to third devices have common or unique problems as follows.

1. The shape or size of the hydraulic chamber must be determined in consideration of the behavior of the energy source (explosive, high-speed projectile), and the degree of freedom is considerably small.

2. The duration of pressure is long and the impact pressure is applied simultaneously over a relatively wide range in the hydraulic chamber.

3. It is necessary to consider the place of installation or safety because it is dangerous.

4. It is difficult to significantly change the ultimate pressure.

5. Only a part of the pressure wave generated in the hydraulic chamber is effectively used (energy utilization efficiency is low).

6. The structure is not such that the reflected wave generated on the inner wall of the hydraulic chamber or the surface to be processed can be positively and effectively utilized.

7. A large amount of liquid used as a pressure medium. 8. Being unable to evacuate below the vapor pressure of the liquid itself as a pressure medium.

9. Since the workpiece directly contacts the liquid as the pressure medium, it may be necessary to remove the liquid adhering to the surface of the workpiece after processing.

10. Not suitable for repeated operation.

11. Since the structure of the device is complicated, maintenance,
It is difficult to perform inspections, disassembly and cleaning.

That is, in the above first method,
1., 3. , 4, 6. , 8., 10. 11. In the second method, 1. ~ 7. And 10., the third method is 1. ~ 3., 6., 8.
~ 11. Has the drawback of.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to provide a method and a device therefor for safely and repeatedly generating impact elastic pressure in a short time for molding. It is a thing.

[0020]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object relates to a forming method by detonation pressure, in which a detonation wave generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture is converged with its progress, The obtained high pressure is transmitted to the fluid directly or through a replaceable membrane to convert it into a pressure wave, and the pressure wave is further applied to a rubber-like elastic body which is pressed in advance so as to be in close contact with the surface of the workpiece. This is achieved by transmitting and generating an elastic pressure on the surface of the work to be molded.

An apparatus for carrying out the above method is
A combustion chamber whose cross-sectional area decreases from one end to the other end,
An ignition chamber in which fuel is supplied and an ignition plug is disposed; a plurality of guide paths that branch from the ignition chamber and communicate with one end of the combustion chamber and have the same path length; and a minimum passage sectional area of the combustion chamber. A pressure chamber that is connected to the opening at the other end of the barrel and that contains a fluid inside, a molding chamber that is connected to the pressure chamber and that contains a workpiece inside, and a communication part between the pressure chamber and the combustion chamber can be replaced. A film-shaped elastic body, a rubber-like elastic body sandwiched between a fluid and a workpiece in the elastic pressure chamber and deformable, a pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of the fluid in the elastic pressure chamber, It can be obtained by providing an air vent for facilitating the inflow and outflow of a fluid and a vacuum device for evacuating the space in contact with the workpiece.

According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned pressure chamber, the nozzle diameter of the opening connected to the combustion chamber can be changed, and the shape and size of the container for accommodating the elastic body are adjusted to the shape (for example, the shape of the workpiece). Various elastic pressure generation patterns suitable for the intended use can be obtained by changing the physical properties of the elastic body in the container, such as cones, pyramids, etc.) and dimensions.

On the other hand, if the fluid in the pressure chamber is in contact with the gas in the combustion chamber through the exchangeable membrane, it is possible to exchange only the membrane if necessary.

In the above case, the life of the membrane can be extended by collecting water between the combustion gas and the membrane or by installing a diffusion nozzle.

Further, when the combustion gas is brought into contact with the fluid, the film body or the water in the elastic pressure chamber in the minimum passage sectional area, the transmittance of the pressure wave from the combustion gas to the elastic body is always maintained at the maximum. It becomes possible (the higher the pressure of the combustion gas, the higher the transmittance).

Further, if a side wall is installed in which the passage cross-sectional area downstream from the minimum passage cross-sectional area continuously increases or becomes constant, a new discontinuity (edge portion) of the inner wall surface is provided. A phenomenon such as generation of a shock wave does not occur, and it is possible to suppress energy loss on the wall surface due to the propagation of the shock wave.

When the wall surface shape of the pressure chamber is set so that the rate of increase of the passage cross-sectional area monotonously increases (for example,
When the pressure chamber shape is set to a cone shape that expands downstream), the shock wave front that propagates in the pressure chamber propagates while maintaining a substantially spherical shape. Then, for example, when the thin plate to be processed is installed horizontally at the processing position of the suppression chamber, since the shock wave is a spherical wave, it is possible to apply an impact load that moves from the central part to the outer peripheral part to this plate. It will be possible. On the other hand, if the cross-sectional area is set to a constant value after continuously increasing the passage cross-sectional area in the propagation direction of the shock wave, interference with the wall surface Energy exchange etc. occurs inside, and the shock wave is exchanged from a spherical shape to a flat shape. Then, in this case, for example, with respect to the plate to be processed horizontally installed at the processing position of the suppression chamber, it becomes possible to simultaneously apply an impact load to the entire surface of the plate.

Further, when the fluid in the pressure chamber is brought into contact with the surface of the workpiece through the rubber-like elastic body, the fluid does not come into direct contact with the surface and the fluid is injected into the pressure chamber. It is also possible to carry out the work under pressure, or to carry out the work of attaching / removing the work and the like and the work of pouring in parallel. Therefore, handling becomes easy, and the operation cycle time of this device can be shortened. If the elastic body is partially or entirely replaceable, even if the elastic body is damaged, it can be restored with the minimum necessary replacement of parts.

When the above-mentioned suppression chamber is installed,
The reflected wave generated when the shock wave collides with the machined surface returns and converges to the nozzle section, then is reflected at the open end (nozzle section) on the combustion chamber side and propagates again toward the machined surface. The waves can be effectively used for reprocessing. That is, it is possible to reproduce a new shock wave by collecting the non-uniform reflected waves from the workpiece at one place and use this as a wave for processing.

By the way, when a viscoplastic body (for example, a silicon polymer (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)) is adopted as a fluid to be installed in the elastic chamber, the viscoplastic body exhibits a fluid behavior when the deformation rate is slow as a characteristic of the viscoplastic body. Therefore, the work of injecting the fluid is easy, and the elasticity of the viscoplastic body is significantly increased during the propagation of the pressure wave, so that the pressure waveform has a sharp rise and a short pressure duration on the surface of the workpiece. The result is not only a corrugation effective for punching brittle materials and restriking (final forming) of thin plates, but also suppressing excessive deformation of the rubber-like elastic body in contact with the final pressure receiving surface. The life of the elastic body can be extended.

Further, when the space between the elastic body in the elastic pressure chamber and the surface of the workpiece is evacuated, the fluid in the elastic pressure chamber is pressurized to press the elastic body against the surface of the workpiece. It becomes difficult for gas to be trapped inside, and as a result, the vacuuming time for the space between the elastic body and the surface of the workpiece can be shortened and the degree of adhesion between the elastic body and the surface of the workpiece is increased. It becomes possible. As a result, it becomes possible to repeatedly and efficiently generate elastic pressure in a short time.

If the combustion chamber and the compression chamber are separated via the membrane, the preparatory work for both chambers can be carried out in parallel with each other, and the cycle time required for operation can be shortened. It becomes possible.

[0033]

In the present invention, the detonation pressure is generated in the following manner.

First, the molding chamber, the object to be processed and the parts for fixing the same are attached to the compression chamber.

The space between the elastic body and the workpiece is evacuated.

The pressure adjusting device is used to pressurize the fluid in the elastic pressure chamber to bring the elastic body and the workpiece into close contact with each other.

A combustible gas, a guide passage and an ignition chamber which can communicate with each other are filled with a combustible gas having a substantially theoretical mixing ratio.

Next, ignition is performed in the ignition chamber.

When ignited, the flame advances in the combustion chamber through the taxiway due to the detonation. that time,
Since the guide paths have the same path length, the flame propagating through the guide paths reaches one end of the combustion chamber at the same time.

In the combustion chamber, the flame propagates toward the other end, but in the combustion chamber, since the passage cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber decreases toward the other end, the flame pressure rises and reaches the maximum value at the other end. Become. Since the pressure chamber is connected to the opening at the other end directly or through the membrane or water / membrane so that the end surface of the fluid faces the opening, the pressure is applied to the fluid in the pressure chamber and the contact with the fluid. Transmitted to the elastic body. In that case, the above-mentioned elastic pressure pattern is changed to a shape suitable for the workpiece by changing the shape and size of the elastic pressure chamber formed downstream of the other end which is the minimum passage sectional area and the physical properties of the fluid or elastic body. be able to.

The pressure wave in the elastic body in the elastic pressure chamber reaches the surface of the workpiece, elastic pressure is generated, and the workpiece is ejected and plastically deformed. Here, when sufficient kinetic energy is transmitted to the work piece, the work piece collides with the mold and molding is performed.

When the repulsive pressure is generated a plurality of times,
repeat.

[0043]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion chamber, which is downwardly conical and has a passage cross-sectional area at the upper end 1A which is the maximum and at the lower end 1B which is the minimum so that a converging portion is formed.

The inner wall of the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 is curved slightly upward, and a plurality of hole-shaped guide passages 2 communicate therewith. The plurality of guide paths 2 are focused on a dispersion space 3 in the form of a disk space at the top. An ignition chamber 4 extending upward is connected to the dispersion chamber 3 so as to communicate therewith. An ignition plug 5 that is operated by an ignition device 6 is provided above the ignition chamber 4, and a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidant supply source 10 are connected via flowmeters 7 and 8, respectively. .. In addition, 11 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure in the ignition chamber 4.

A lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1 is opened, a compression chamber 12 is connected to the lower end portion 1B, and a molding device 13 is provided immediately below the compression chamber 12 as an example of the use of the compression pressure. Details of the compression chamber 12 and the molding device 13 are shown in FIG. Although the fluid 25 as a pressure medium, the elastic body 19 and the film body 18 are contained in the elastic pressure chamber 12, the end face thereof may directly face the lower end portion 1B of the combustion chamber 1. However, in this case, the operation on the combustion chamber side and the oppression chamber side cannot be performed in parallel, and it is always necessary to perform the operation on the combustion chamber side after the operation on the oppression chamber side is completed. The pressurization is performed by increasing the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 1 via the fluid 25.

The molding device 13 accommodates a mold 16 having an upper surface having a three-dimensional shape for molding in a replaceable manner. The forming device 13 can hold the peripheral edge of the plate material P or the like to be subjected to forming, for example, between the flanges between the forming device 13 and the elastic pressure chamber 12. A vacuum pump device 17 is connected to the molding device 13 for penetrating the mold 16 and communicating with the upper space thereof to create a vacuum in the space. The vacuum pump device 17 is also connected to the ignition chamber 4 and the space between the plate member P and the elastic body 19.

In the apparatus of this embodiment, generation of high-pressure elastic pressure and molding using this are performed as follows.

First, the plate material P to be molded is set on the die 16.

Next, the vacuum pump device 17 brings the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 to a predetermined vacuum degree. At the same time, the space between the mold 16 and the plate P and the space between the plate P and the elastic body 19 are also sucked so as to have a predetermined degree of vacuum. After that, the pressure adjusting device 15 applies a pressure to the fluid 25, and the elastic body 1
9 is deformed and is brought into close contact with the plate material P. Where 2
Reference numeral 3 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure of the fluid 25, and 24 is a pressure gauge for confirming the pressure of the space between the plate material P and the elastic body 19. Reference numeral 14 is an air vent for discharging the air in the pressure chamber.

Thereafter, the ignition chamber 4, the dispersion chamber 3, the guide passage 2 and the combustion chamber 1 are filled with a fuel supply source 9 and an oxidant supply source 10 with a combustible gas having a substantially theoretical mixing ratio.

After the above setting is completed, the ignition device 6 operates the spark plug 5. Detonation occurs due to ignition in the ignition chamber 4, and the flame is propagated to the upper end 1A of the combustion chamber 1 through the dispersion chamber 3 and the guide passage 2. At this time, since the path lengths of the plurality of guideways 2 are set to be equal to each other, the flames of the plurality of guideways 2 simultaneously reach the upper end portion 1A.

In the combustion chamber 1, the flame progresses from the upper end portion 1A to the lower end portion 1B, but since the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 1 gradually decreases downward, its pressure rises and at the lower end portion 1B. It becomes extremely high pressure.

A replaceable nozzle 12 'is set in the opening of the lower end 1B of the combustion chamber 1 so that the end face (liquid level) of the fluid 25 in the elastic pressure chamber 12 faces through the film body 18. The high pressure is propagated from the end face to the elastic body 19 via the fluid 25, and the plate material P is ejected and collides with the die 16 to perform molding. If the moldability is insufficient, the molding is completed by repeating the above steps 1 to 3.

Thereafter, the plate material as a molded product is taken out, and the above steps (1) to (5) are repeated to obtain
Molding can be performed one after another.

In the present embodiment, molding using a mold is mentioned as a method of utilizing high-pressure elastic pressure, but it can also be widely used in other fields such as pressurization of other species or a drive source.

In the present invention, the impact pressure can be changed by the filling pressure (amount) or the mixing ratio of the combustible gas mixture filled in the combustion chamber, but the generation pattern of the elastic pressure can be controlled even in the elastic pressure chamber. Is as described above.
For example, various patterns can be changed to suit the work material by changing the shape and size of the pressure chamber (for example, replacement of the nozzle in the above description) and the physical properties of the elastic body. The impact of typical ones of these changing factors will be described in detail below.

(A) Effect of nozzle diameter at opening The detonation wave or shock wave in the combustion chamber is
Convergence is repeated several times, and impact ultrahigh pressure is generated at the center of the convergence each time it converges. Since the pressure value at this time shows a higher value as it approaches the center of convergence, the impact pressure generated in the elastic pressure chamber is higher as the nozzle diameter is smaller. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an elastic pressure waveform when the nozzle diameter is relatively small. By setting the nozzle diameter small, the peak pressure becomes high and the waveform has a short duration, and the high pressure is repeatedly generated. On the contrary, when the nozzle diameter is increased, a waveform having a low peak pressure and a long duration is generated as shown in FIG. In this case, the number of times the pressure wave is repeated is smaller than that in the case of FIG.

(B) Shadow of the distance from the opening to the workpiece
When a shock wave propagates in fluids and elastic bodies, the ultimate pressure is
It is a function of the reach distance (L in FIG. 1). For example, if the fluid
In the case of water, according to previous studies, the ultimate pressure is calculated as
Is about 1.2 of the reach It is inversely proportional to the square.

Pmax ∝1 / L ^1.2 where Pmax is the ultimate pressure and L is the ultimate distance. Therefore, by adopting a structure in which the distance of the workpiece from the opening can be changed arbitrarily, the ultimate pressure on the processed surface can be set arbitrarily.

(C) Influence of physical properties of pressure medium in the pressure chamber The properties of the shock wave obtained on the processed surface in the pressure chamber strongly depend on the physical properties of the fluid and the elastic body as the pressure medium. That is, when a pressure medium having a high density or sound velocity value is used, a peak pressure is high and a wave having a relatively short duration is obtained, and when a pressure medium having a low density or sound velocity value is used, a peak pressure is low and a duration time is long. A relatively long wave is obtained.

(D) Influence of the shape of the elastic pressure chamber Regarding the shape and size of the impact elastic pressure generating portion (which is the nozzle portion in this embodiment), the conventional hydraulic pressure generating method has practically no degree of freedom. As a result, the degree of freedom in selecting the pattern of impact hydraulic pressure generation (peak pressure, duration, etc.) is considerably narrow.

In the case of the present invention, unlike the conventional impact hydraulic pressure generation method, since no bullets, pistons, explosives, etc. are used, the degree of freedom in selecting the shape of the pressure chamber is large.

Thus, the following advantages can be obtained by adopting the shape of the elastic pressure chamber described above.

By setting the pressure chamber in a divergent shape and installing a work piece at the end, it is possible to minimize the generation of shock waves not involved in processing (for example, in conventional underwater explosion molding, explosive charge). Explosion energy of 360 °
Often arranged to be dispersed in the direction, the efficiency of energy use is quite low).

By setting the shape of the pressure chamber so that the reflected waves generated on the processed surface after processing are gathered at one place, the reflected waves can be regenerated and strengthened and propagated again for processing (disturbance). Even if it is a wave, it can be regenerated as a high-strength wave by collecting it in one place.)

By setting the pressure chamber in a conical shape,
It is possible to generate a uniform spherical shock wave.

By additionally installing a cylindrical elastic chamber whose thickness can be arbitrarily changed on the downstream side of the conical elastic chamber, it is possible to generate a shock wave having an arbitrary curvature from a spherical wave to a plane wave. With technology, only one type of shock wave (hydraulic pressure) generation pattern can be selected with one device).

Since there is no wall surface perpendicular to the shock wave propagation direction (excluding the processed portion) in the suppression chamber, damage to the suppression chamber-related parts due to the shock wave can be suppressed to a small level.

On the other hand, by adopting a variable shape type for both fluid and elastic body as the pressure medium in the compression chamber,
You get the following benefits:

The conformity (compatibility) to the surface (pressure receiving surface) of the work piece is large, and it is easy to secure the adhesion between the pressure medium and the work piece.

Since the degree of adhesion between the work piece and the pressure medium can be adjusted by an external operation, the work piece can be processed a plurality of times with the work piece attached.

Since the fluid as the pressure medium is in contact with the surface of the workpiece through the elastic body, it can be applied to the workpiece having holes. In the case of conventional impact molding,
Since work such as filling holes or sealing water leaks is added, it takes a considerable time to set the work piece.

Since the same workpiece can be shot a plurality of times without disassembling the apparatus, it is possible to perform large deformation processing by repeating soft impact without giving an excessive impact to the workpiece at one time. Is possible.

Since the elastic chamber can separate the pressure chamber and the processing chamber, it is possible to perform operations on both chambers in parallel with each other, and as a result, the operation cycle time can be shortened.

The handling amount of the fluid as the pressure medium is only the amount required for the deformation of the elastic body excluding the time of the first injection work, and similarly, the repetitive operation can be performed in a short time.

It is possible to act the fluid as a pressure medium in the closed loop, and it is possible to avoid the problems of mixing impurities in the loop and reducing the absolute amount of the fluid. Therefore, not only water but also expensive fluid (for example, viscoplastic material) can be adopted as the fluid.

Next, the apparatus of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those of the apparatus of the previous embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 1'is formed in a horizontal shape that expands in the radial direction. The combustion chamber 1'has a shape in which the passage cross-sectional area decreases toward the center by the upper wall surface of a part of a substantially spherical surface which bulges downward.

The apparatus of this embodiment is convenient when the size of the apparatus cannot be increased. The operation is similar to that of the previous embodiment, and the flame travels from the guide passage 2 to the peripheral portion 1A ′ which is one end of the combustion chamber 1 ′, and then progresses toward the central portion 1B ′ which is the other end. To do. In the process, the pressure becomes extremely high as the passage cross-sectional area decreases. Then, the high pressure is transmitted to the pressure medium in the elastic pressure chamber 12 and the molding apparatus 13 causes the plate material P to be ejected and collide with the metal mold 16 for molding.

[0081]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
Compared with the conventional method, this method is easier to handle, cheaper, and easier to obtain a continuous shock elastic force with a sharp rise and excellent characteristics, as well as the shape of the pressure chamber.
By changing the size and the physical property value of the elastic body to be housed, it is possible to obtain the effect that the elastic pressure can be controlled in various patterns suitable for the workpiece.

Further, according to the apparatus of the present invention, since the explosive is not used unlike the conventional bullet driving type and explosive type, the apparatus is not restricted in installation, and the same workpiece can be processed. Alternatively, it is possible to obtain the effect that the impact elastic pressure can be continuously generated for a plurality of workpieces having different shapes. Since the impact pressure can be easily and safely obtained, it can be applied in a wide range of industrial fields such as processing fields.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a first embodiment device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a portion of a compression chamber and a molding device of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an elastic pressure waveform diagram by one nozzle in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a hydraulic pressure waveform diagram of another nozzle in the apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a second embodiment device of the present invention.

[Explanation of reference numerals] 1 combustion chamber 1'combustion chamber 1A one end 1'A one end 1B other end 1'B other end 2 guideway 4 ignition chamber 5 spark plug 12 pressure chamber 12 'nozzle 13 molding device 16 gold Mold 18 Membrane 19 Elastic 25 Fluid for pressure chamber

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A detonation wave generated by igniting a combustible air-fuel mixture is converged along with its progress, and the high pressure obtained at the converging portion is transmitted to a fluid directly or through a replaceable membrane to generate a pressure wave. The detonation, which is performed by converting the pressure wave and transmitting the pressure wave to a rubber-like elastic body which is pressed in advance so as to be in close contact with the surface of the workpiece to generate elastic pressure on the surface of the workpiece. Molding method by elastic pressure. 2. The degree of adhesion between the elastic body and the surface of the workpiece is adjusted in advance by the pressure difference between the pressure of the fluid in the elastic chamber and the pressure in the space between the elastic body and the surface of the workpiece. The molding method by detonation elastic pressure according to claim 1, wherein the molding is performed by generating elastic pressure later. 3. The molding method by detonation elastic pressure according to claim 2, wherein an elastic pressure for molding a plurality of times is applied to the same workpiece. 4. A combustion chamber having a cross-sectional area that decreases from one end to the other end, an ignition chamber in which a spark plug is provided for receiving a fuel supply, and one end of the combustion chamber that extends branching from the ignition chamber. A plurality of guide passages having the same path length, and a compression chamber connected to the opening of the other end that is the minimum passage cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber and capable of containing a fluid therein; and a compression chamber connected to the compression chamber. A molding chamber for accommodating the work piece, a film body exchangeably installed in the communication portion between the compression chamber and the combustion chamber, and a rubber-like member that is deformable between the fluid and the work piece in the compression chamber. An elastic body, a pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of the fluid in the elastic pressure chamber, an air vent for facilitating the taking in and out of the fluid, and a vacuum device for evacuating the space in contact with the workpiece. Molding device by detonation pressure with and. 5. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a medium whose pressure wave propagation characteristic changes stepwise or continuously is housed in a part or all of the pressure chamber. 6. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a part or all of the rubber-like elastic body in the compression chamber is replaceable. 7. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a replaceable nozzle is installed in the minimum passage sectional area of the combustion chamber. 8. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the fluid in the compression chamber is disposed so as to be in contact with the gas in the combustion chamber through the exchangeable membrane. 9. The gas in the combustion chamber is arranged so as to come into contact with the film body in the compression chamber through water as combustion products already remaining before combustion or water newly supplied from the water supply device. The apparatus for forming by detonation pressure according to claim 4, which is provided. 10. The combustion gas and the film body, the fluid as the pressure medium, or the water as the combustion product are arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the minimum passage cross-sectional area portion. Molding device by the described detonation pressure. 11. The detonation pressure according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall of the oppression chamber downstream of the minimum passage cross-section area is arranged so that the passage cross-section area continuously increases or is constant. Molding equipment. 12. A divergent nozzle for easing or averaging the temperature or pressure of the combustion gas is arranged between the minimum passage cross-sectional area portion of the combustion chamber and the elastic pressure chamber. Molding device by detonation pressure described in. 13. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a viscoplastic body whose elasticity increases as the deformation speed increases is used as the fluid in the compression chamber. 14. The space between the elastic body and the final pressure receiving surface is evacuated by a vacuum device, and then a pressure is applied to the fluid in the elastic pressure chamber by a pressure adjusting device so that the elastic body and the surface of the workpiece are separated from each other. 5. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a control circuit set so as to closely contact each other and then perform an ignition operation for generating an elastic pressure once or a plurality of times. 15. The molding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the elastic body in the compression chamber is installed independently of the molding chamber or parts related thereto. 16. The pressure adjusting device is set to apply a pressure to a fluid in an elastic pressure chamber in order to apply a dynamic elastic pressure after a static pressure is applied to a workpiece to deform it. A molding device by detonation pressure described in 4. 17. The surface shape of a part or the whole of the elastic body which is in contact with the object to be processed has a shape which matches or is close to the surface shape of the object to be processed in advance.
Molding device by detonation pressure described in. 18. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the elastic body is disposed so that the elastic body and the workpiece are brought into close contact with each other by deforming the elastic body by applying external pressure. .