JPH05320062A - Active oxygen-eliminating agent produced from potato - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the safe active oxygen-eliminating agent using a potato as a raw material and capable of being used in wide fields such as medicines, foods and cosmetics. CONSTITUTION:This active oxygen-eliminating agent is characterized by comprising the water extract or organic solvent extract of potatoes or the squeezed juice of the potatoes as such or by containing the extract or juice.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a water extract or an organic solvent extract of potatoes or a juice of potatoes as they are,
Or by containing this, it is safe and
The present invention relates to an active oxygen scavenger that can be used in a wide range of fields such as food and cosmetics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When human beings maintain a healthy body, SOD which is an active oxygen scavenging enzyme in the living body and active oxygen in the body
(Superoxide dismutase) is always balanced and the concentration of active oxygen is kept almost constant. However, currently, SOD production is decreased due to imbalance of dietary habits, excessive stress, and aging, and on the other hand, active oxygen is increased due to smoking, air pollution and the like.

As a result, active oxygen is excessively present in the living body, causing various tissue disorders. Particularly in the elderly, the SOD activity decreases and the active oxygen concentration increases, causing disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and Pechet's disease. In addition, lipid peroxides generated by active oxygen, myocardial infarction, stroke, cataract, spots, freckles, wrinkles,
It is a leading cause of modern diseases such as diabetes, arteriosclerosis, stiff shoulders, and coldness.

In addition, even if not aged, active oxygen is particularly likely to be generated at a site such as the skin which is directly stimulated by environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, so that the melanin pigment increases with the increase of the active oxygen concentration. It is easy to cause problems such as the generation of blemishes, stains, and wrinkles.

Therefore, SODs that eliminate excess active oxygen, which causes various disorders as described above, have attracted attention, and in order to prevent or treat these disorders, SODs are used as medicines, cosmetics and foods. Attempts have been made to add and use. However, SOD is thermally unstable,
Moreover, since it is inactivated by oral administration and is extremely expensive, elimination of active oxygen by SOD has not been successful.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, studies have been conducted on active oxygen scavengers (including antioxidants that act similarly to SOD enzymes), and active oxygen scavengers such as crude drug extract have been developed. At present, not only is it expensive due to a special raw material, but it is also difficult to supply a stable material.

[0007]

Since various obstacles caused by active oxygen have been recognized as described above, various studies have been actively conducted to eliminate active oxygen in the living body. In addition, nowadays, it is desired to live in a healthier and older life with the aging society. On the other hand, active oxygen scavengers are also attracting attention from the viewpoint of beauty. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of an active oxygen scavenger that is safe and inexpensive for the human body, has an excellent effect of scavenging active oxygen that causes various disorders, and that can be easily manufactured and can be stably supplied.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The inventors of the present invention have studied various plant components and found that potatoes such as sweet potatoes, potatoes and sato have a very remarkable active oxygen scavenging effect. Heading out, the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention is an active oxygen scavenger characterized by containing a water extract or an organic solvent extract of potatoes or a squeezed juice of potatoes as it is or containing the same. Simple, cheap, and completely safe by extracting water with water (including acid and alkali extraction) or organic solvent such as alcohol to obtain an extract, or squeezing potatoes to obtain juice Thus, a very excellent active oxygen scavenger exhibiting the above effects can be obtained. The term "potatoes" used here refers to all potatoes such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, sato, and cabbage.

In the case of extracting potatoes with water, if the potatoes are finely cut, the surface area becomes large, so that the extraction efficiency becomes extremely good. This method may be a general method such as a food processor or a mixer. Although it is not necessary to grind, in this case, it takes a long time to decompose and extract the potato tissue.

In the water extraction, the potato is hydrated as it is, preferably crushed or powdered. The amount of water added can be efficiently extracted in an amount 1 to 5 times that of potato, and may be appropriately selected depending on the yield, workability, purpose of final use and the like. After that, the mixture is heated and the extraction is completed at the time of boiling. After the extraction is completed, pressing and filtration are performed depending on the purpose of use to obtain a clear extract. In addition, you may add hot water from the beginning and perform extraction.

Although the active ingredient in the extract has not been clarified, it has been confirmed that this unknown active ingredient is stable to heat. Therefore, the extraction temperature during water extraction is effectively high. If it is left at a low temperature for a long time, it can be sufficiently extracted. However, at a low temperature of 40 ° C. or lower, it is necessary to make the pH acidic or alkaline or to add a preservative. The extraction time may be several minutes in the case of boiling extraction, but several hours to one day are required in the case of moderate temperature below that. When the temperature is low, it depends on the cutting state of the potato,
It takes a few days to a month. However, even in this case, it is more effective to heat at the end as much as possible.

Since the active ingredient in the extract is stable to acid and alkali, acid extraction or alkali extraction is also effective. Further, in the case of water extraction, it is efficient to perform pretreatment with an acid or alkali, or to react with an enzyme (eg, amylase or cellulase) that acts on the tissue of potato to perform pretreatment and then extract. This is probably because the pretreatment makes it easier for the active ingredient to be extracted.

Furthermore, it has been found that an extract having this effect can be extracted even by extraction with an organic solvent. This is extremely effective in promoting the elucidation of the active ingredient, and also in the usage of extracting the active ingredient into a concrete or blending it with a substance insoluble in water. In this case, it is preferable to pulverize or pulverize as much as possible. The organic solvent used here is preferably alcohol, such as alcohol, which is safe to administer to the human body.

It was also found that the squeezed juice of potato has an active oxygen eliminating effect. Squeezing can be performed by a general method using a juicer or a press. However, water extraction or organic solvent extraction was more effective than juice extraction. It was also found that by extracting the residue after pressing with water or an organic solvent, the effect was weak, but there was an action of eliminating active oxygen.

Furthermore, the same effect was obtained by combining fermentations such as alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. It is more effective to extract the product of the present invention from potatoes by organic solvent extraction or water extraction as described above and further solvent extraction of the active ingredient in the extract. However, this is thought to be because the concentrated state is obtained, and the same effect can be obtained by concentrating.

Further, depending on the application, the presence of sugar may cause stickiness or hinder the effect. In that case, the sugar may be removed by feeding it to yeast, fractionating the active ingredient with an adsorbent, or extracting with an organic solvent. In any case, the effect is obtained only by performing extraction, and unnecessary components may be removed by various methods depending on the application.

The effect of the present invention for eliminating active oxygen will be described below. First, the effect as a superoxide scavenger by various potato operating methods was investigated. The test method is N
It was performed by the BT method.

Preparation of Reagents 0.05M Na ₂ CO ₃ buffer (pH 10.2) 3 mM xanthine solution; 45.64 mg of xanthine is dissolved in the buffer to make 100 ml. 3 mM EDTA solution; EDTA.2Na 11
Dissolve 1.7 mg with distilled water to make 100 ml. BSA solution; Bovine Serum Albumin (Sigma) 1
Dissolve 5 mg in distilled water to make 10 ml. 0.75 mM NBT solution; NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium) 61.32 mg was dissolved in distilled water to obtain 10
Make up to 0 ml. Xanthine oxidase solution: Dilute xanthine oxidase with distilled water and adjust it so that the absorbance in the blank test of the operation method (analysis method) described below is in the range of 0.2 to 0.23. 6 mM CuCl ₂ solution; CuCl ₂ · 2H ₂ O
Dissolve 102.29 mg in distilled water to make 100 ml.

Procedure: Take 2.4 ml of Na ₂ CO ₃ buffer in a test tube and add it to xanthine solution, EDTA solution, BSA solution, NBT.
Add 0.1 ml of each solution. Then, 0.1 ml of the sample solution is added, and after standing at 25 ° C. for 10 minutes, 0.1 ml of the xanthine oxidase solution is added, and the mixture is quickly stirred and incubated at 25 ° C. After 20 minutes, 0.1 ml of CuCl ₂ solution was added to stop the reaction, and the absorbance was measured at 560 nm. For comparison, instead of the sample, superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn type SOD, activity 3000 to
4000 unit / mg Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) The same procedure was performed for 0.1 ml of the aqueous solution, and this value was used as the superoxide elimination rate 1
00. In addition, distilled water is used instead of the sample, and the same procedure is performed to obtain a blank. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 1] * 1 Juice obtained from various potatoes according to Example 3 * 2 Water extract obtained from various potatoes according to Example 1 * 3 Organic solvent extract obtained from potatoes according to Example 2 Got

As described above, it was found that the juices of various potatoes, water extracts, and alcohol extracts all have a superoxide scavenging effect. Furthermore, it was found that the extraction ratio with superoxide was improved by extracting with water or organic solvent rather than juice.

Next, the thermal stability of the product of the present invention was investigated. The water extract and SOD of various potatoes obtained according to Example 1 were heat-treated at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes, and their superoxide scavenging ability was examined. The superoxide erasing rate was measured by the above method. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0024]

[Table 2]

As described above, it was found that SOD is unstable to heat, but all the products of the present invention have excellent thermal stability. From this, it can be said that the active ingredient for eliminating active oxygen in the product of the present invention has excellent stability against heat. Since the product of the present invention shows a very remarkable active oxygen scavenging effect and is safe, it can be used for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics,
It can be used for food. Next, these applications will be described.

As a medicine, it can be used as an anti-ulcer agent. The test methods for examining the anti-ulcer action of the product of the present invention and the results thereof are shown below. The effect of oral administration of the product of the present invention on restraint water immersion stress ulcer was examined. The method was performed according to the method of Watanabe et al.
That is, 8-week-old male ddY mice were fasted for 24 hours, orally the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1 was orally administered at 0.3 ml / mouse, and after 30 minutes, put into a stress gauge and put in a water at 15 ° C. The protrusions were dipped and restrained water immersion stress was applied. After 5 hours, the cervical vertebrae were dislocated and sacrificed, and the stomach was excised. After that, 1.5 ml of 1% formalin solution was injected into the stomach, and further immersed in the same solution to lightly fix the stomach tissue, and
It was left as it was for 4 hours. After that, an incision was made along the greater curvature, and the length (mm) of the damage occurring in the glandular stomach was measured, and the total sum per animal was expressed as the ulcer index. As a control, the same amount of physiological saline was orally administered 30 minutes before being put into a stress gauge. Fifteen mice each were used. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0027]

[Table 3]

As shown in Table 3, the average ulcer index in mice administered with physiological saline as a control was 65.
On the other hand, the average ulcer index in the mice to which the present invention product was administered was 35.3, clearly indicating that the present invention product is effective as an anti-ulcer agent against restraint water immersion stress ulcer by oral administration. It turned out to be. As a result, it was revealed that the product of the present invention directly acts from the gastrointestinal mucosa and exhibits an effective action as an anti-ulcer agent.

The product of the present invention can also be used as a skin treatment agent. The product of the present invention is applied daily to panelists of various skin diseases.
The results are shown in Table 4, which was applied twice a day in the morning and evening to the affected area and continuously applied for 1 month.

[0030]

[Table 4]

As shown in Table 4 above, since this product has various skin-treating effects, it can be seen that it has a fibroblast-activating action and further an antibacterial action.
Moreover, since it is also useful for xeroderma, acne and the like, it can be seen that it also has a moisturizing effect and an effect of appropriately suppressing the increase of sebum, but actually suppresses this moisturizing effect and the increase of sebum. The test methods for examining the action and the results are shown below.

First, in order to demonstrate the strength of the moisturizing effect of the product of the present invention, a single coating test was conducted using a moisture meter (SKICON200). An environment in which the room temperature was 20 ° C. and the relative humidity was 65% was set as a measurement condition, and the panelists were allowed to rest in the above environment for about 10 minutes before the measurement. The test site (both sides) was selected on the flexion side of the forearm where no rash was observed. The panelists were five people who were suffering from xeroderma. The average value of changes in the water content of the stratum corneum between the main test (using the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1) read by a moisture meter and the control test (using water) is shown in FIG. The measurement method of the one-time application test is as follows.

Measurement method 1) A test site of 5 × 5 cm and a control site are set on the forearm flexion side of the panel. 2) Measure the water content of the stratum corneum at each site. 3) Measure the water content of the stratum corneum immediately after coating the sample and after 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes.

From FIG. 1, it was confirmed that the water content of the stratum corneum of the product of the present invention increased about 8 times as much as that of the control, immediately after coating. In addition, regarding the period from 30 minutes to 120 minutes after the application, at the application site of the present invention, up to 120 minutes, the control 2-3
You can see that it maintains double the water content.

Next, in order to numerically demonstrate the therapeutic effect of the product of the present invention on xeroderma, a water load test was carried out using the moisture meter (SKICON200) before use of the product of the present invention and after use for 2 weeks. .. The panelists were the 5 persons used in FIG. 1, and the measurement conditions were the same as the one-time application test. A control (measurement at a site not coated with the product of the present invention) was always set so that the effect of the seasonal change in the water content of the living horny layer would not influence the effect determination. The stratum corneum water content was shown as the average value of 5 panelists. The result is shown in FIG. As the product of the present invention, the product obtained in Example 1 was used. The measuring method of the water load test is as follows.

Measuring Method 1) The water content of the stratum corneum of the test site is measured. 2) Place one drop of distilled water on the test site, and after 10 seconds, completely wipe off the water drop with dry gauze. 3) Immediately after wiping, the water content of the stratum corneum is measured after 30, 60, 90 and 120 seconds.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 2, by applying the product of the present invention, the water absorption capacity of the skin (the water content of the stratum corneum after 0 seconds of water loading minus the value of the moisture content of the stratum corneum before loading) ),
It can be seen that both the water retention capacity (the curve drawn by the water content of the stratum corneum from 0 to 120 seconds after water loading) is improved at the same time.

That is, the skin before use of the product of the present invention has a very low water content in the stratum corneum before water loading (average 8.0), and the water absorption capacity (average 50.0) is also considerably reduced. In addition, the stratum corneum of the skin of a normal person also has a water-retaining ability, and after 30 seconds of water loading, the stratum corneum of the skin of the normal person returns to the value before the water loading. These results show that the water absorption capacity, the water retention capacity, and the barrier function are all reduced in the measured morbid stratum corneum. On the other hand, the skin after use of the product of the present invention has a two- to three-fold increase in the water content of the stratum corneum and the water absorption capacity before water loading, and the water retention capacity is considerably improved to the same level as that of a normal person. I understood.

From the above, it can be said that the product of the present invention has an excellent action for improving the water content of the pathological stratum corneum and improving the barrier function. Further, when the product of the present invention is evaluated in combination with the moisturizing action obtained from the one-time application test, the product of the present invention increases the water absorption capacity and water retention capacity of the stratum corneum and absorbs a large amount of water from the outside world.
Furthermore, it can be said that it has a moisturizing action of giving the stratum corneum the property of not releasing the once absorbed water.

Further, in order to experimentally demonstrate the secretion inhibiting effect of the sebum amount of the product of the present invention, changes in the sebum amount after washing the face were measured. As panelists, five persons randomly selected from those used in Table 4 were used, and the average value of changes in the amount of sebum between the main test (after washing the face and applying the product of the present invention) and the control test (only for the face washing) is shown in FIG. It was shown to. As the product of the present invention, the product obtained in Example 1 was used.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 3, it was found that the application of the product of the present invention significantly suppressed the increase in the amount of sebum. The effect of inhibiting sebum secretion of the product of the present invention also confirmed the preventive and therapeutic effect of acne. It was revealed from the following tests that, when the product of the present invention was applied to the skin as a cosmetic, it had the effects of making the skin smooth and having a fine texture.

The product of the present invention was applied to the right arm part of the panelist twice a day for one month, and the site of application of the product of the present invention was measured by a dynamic friction meter. The same part of the left arm was used as a control. The panelists were 6 people. The measurement conditions are as follows. Temperature 25 ℃ Humidity 60% Sensor used KES-SE Friction tester SE-2 type (0.5mm piano wire used) Friction static load 50gf Measuring speed 1mm / sec Measuring distance 30mm (Integral effective range 20mm)

The MMD (coefficient of variation) was 0.0176 in the part of the left arm to which the product of the present invention was not applied, but in the part of the right arm to which the product of the present invention was applied for one month, the MMD was
(Coefficient of variation) dropped to 0.0092. The average values of 6 persons were almost the same. It is considered that this is because the fluctuation due to the unevenness of the surface was reduced, and from this, it became clear that the texture of the skin became finer and that the wrinkled skin became younger. Moreover, when MIU (friction coefficient) was also examined at the same time, it was 0.120 before the application, but the skin after application for 1 month dropped to 0.083, and it also has the effect of making the skin smooth, It has been found that it also has an anti-aging effect that makes it smooth like a young person.

Further, in order to exemplify the whitening effect of the present invention, the tyrosinase activity inhibitory effect was tested. As an operation method, 1 ml each of a substrate solution (0.04% tyrosine solution) and a buffer solution (McllvaineBuffer pH 6.8) was accurately placed in an absorption cell, and 1 ml each of water and the product of the present invention obtained in Example 1 were obtained. Put each one accurately, stir and mix, and 35 ℃
After 5 minutes, adjust the absorbance scale to the wavelength of 475 nm and perform zero correction, and then add exactly 0.02 ml of tyrosinase solution (5.3 mg of tyrosinase dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution) and immediately Incubated with agitation. The absorbance at this time was measured over time (every 3 minutes) and is shown in Table 5.

[0045]

[Table 5]

From the measurement results shown in Table 5, it can be seen that the product of the present invention has a tyrosinase activity inhibitory action. From this, it can be said that the product of the present invention has a whitening effect.

Further, as described above, the product of the present invention also has a moisturizing action enough to be used as a medicine. Therefore, all the basic effects of cosmetics are satisfied, and they have a wide range of applications such as creams, emulsions, lotions, cleansing, packs, and soaps. Also, by drinking the product of the present invention, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

The product of the present invention can also be used as a food preservative, antioxidant, and freshness-retaining agent. As a representative of Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtili causes spoilage of rice and bread.
s, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli as a general indicator of contamination as a representative of Gram-negative bacteria
The antibacterial activity test of the product of the present invention against ia coli and the results thereof are as follows.

The medium used was 10 ml of ordinary agar medium to which 1 ml of the product of the present invention (obtained in Example 5) was added. As a control, 1 ml of water was added instead of the product of the present invention. Incubate at 35 ℃,
The growth state of each bacterium after 24, 48 and 72 hours was observed and shown in Tables 6 to 8.

[0050]

[Table 6]

[0051]

[Table 7]

[0052]

[Table 8] Note 1 Evaluation: −: No growth +: Little growth ++: Development +++: Large growth

As can be seen from Tables 6 to 8, in the medium to which water was added as a control, the growth of all the bacteria was already large at the time of 10-hour culture, whereas the product of the present invention was used. In the medium supplemented with, Bacillus subt
The growth of ilis and Bacillus cereus was completely inhibited even after 72 hours of culture. Also, Es
Growth was observed in cherichia coli by culturing for 48 hours or more, and in this case as well, a large antibacterial effect was recognized as compared with the control.

Next, the effect of suppressing the production of oxides by the product of the present invention was investigated by the rodan iron method. That is, the effect of inhibiting oxidation of linoleic acid, which is very easily oxidized by the product of the present invention, was investigated. The measuring method is as follows.

Preparation of Reagents 0.2M Phosphate Buffer (pH 7.0) 2.6% Linoleic Acid Ethanol Solution 75% Ethanol Solution 30% Ammonium Thiocyanate 0.02M Ferric Chloride 35% Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Method of operation 0.2 ml of sample solution, 0.1 m of 0.2 M phosphate buffer
1, water 0.5 ml, 2.6% linoleic acid ethanol solution 0.2 ml are added and mixed well, and the mixture is left at 37 ° C. for 5 days. 50 μl of the oxidation treatment solution, 4.85 ml of 75% ethanol solution, 50 μ of 30% ammonium thiocyanate
1, 50 μl of a 0.02 M ferric chloride 35% hydrochloric acid solution is mixed, and after 5 minutes, the absorbance at 500 nm is measured. Further, distilled water is used instead of the sample in the same manner to make a blank. The results are shown in Table 9.

[0057]

[Table 9]

As is clear from Table 9, the product of the present invention was found to have an excellent antioxidant effect against linoleic acid, which is extremely susceptible to oxidation.

Furthermore, the product of the present invention is effective as a freshness-retaining agent for vegetables, fish and the like, and the results of tests conducted by spraying the product of the present invention on lettuce are as follows. When lettuce was sprayed with water and allowed to stand at room temperature, it began to grow after 12 hours, and the wound had browned on the second day. However, lettuce sprayed with the product of the present invention diluted 50 times was fresh until 15 hours and did not discolor until the 3rd day.

As described above, the product of the present invention is safe for the human body and has an antibacterial effect against various bacteria, an effect of preventing browning, and an antioxidant effect. It can be widely used in foods.

[0061]

As is apparent from the above data,
By extracting potatoes with water, extracting with an organic solvent, or squeezing juice, the active oxygen scavenger is easy, completely safe, has an excellent active oxygen scavenging effect, is stable to heat, and is effective in various applications. It was found that a drug was obtained.

Since potatoes have been the staple food until now, the manufacturing method and the usage application in new fields other than food have hardly been developed. Furthermore, since potatoes have been the staple food, their safety has been proven. Therefore,
The present invention has found that active oxygen scavengers that can be used in a wide range of fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods can be easily obtained from familiar potatoes whose safety has been proven,
It is extremely meaningful.

[0063]

[Example] Example 1 10 kg of sweet potatoes were cut well with a food processor,
To this, 20 liters of water was added and well stirred. Then, gradually raise the temperature and boil for 5 minutes to extract,
Cooled to 30 ° C. Then, the product was squeezed with a squeezing machine to obtain 19 liters of the product of the present invention and 11 kg of residue.

Example 2 5 kg of potatoes were well cut with a food processor, 10 liters of 60% ethanol was added thereto, and the mixture was extracted with stirring for 24 hours. Then, the product was squeezed with a squeezing machine to obtain 9.4 liters of the product of the present invention and 5.2 kg of a residue.

Example 3 5 kg of potatoes were squeezed with a juicer to obtain 1.5 liters of juice and 3.3 kg of residue. The squeezed liquid was filtered through Celite to obtain 1.4 liters of the product of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a moisture meter (S
It is a graph which shows the result of having performed the coating test once using KICON200).

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of a water load test before using the product of the present invention and after using it for 2 weeks.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of testing the change in the amount of sebum when the product of the present invention is applied after washing the face and only when the face is washed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An active oxygen scavenger comprising a water extract or an organic solvent extract of potatoes or a squeezed juice of potatoes as it is or containing the same.