JPH0531952B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0531952B2 JPH0531952B2 JP62151317A JP15131787A JPH0531952B2 JP H0531952 B2 JPH0531952 B2 JP H0531952B2 JP 62151317 A JP62151317 A JP 62151317A JP 15131787 A JP15131787 A JP 15131787A JP H0531952 B2 JPH0531952 B2 JP H0531952B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- injection
- rod
- neutron
- neutrons
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005258 radioactive decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Landscapes
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は地盤探査装置、特に地盤注入工法を施
して改良した地盤を探査するための地盤探査装置
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a ground exploration device, and particularly to a ground exploration device for exploring ground that has been improved by performing a ground injection method.
（従来技術）
地盤に薬液、モルタル等の注入材を注入して地
盤を改良し、地盤の強度増加、遮水性の増大、止
水、漏水防止を計る地盤注入工法は、電力、運
輸、都市公共施設、防災、エネルギー開発、海洋
開発等の各事業を進める上での多方面の土木工事
において採用されている。(Prior technology) The ground injection method improves the ground by injecting chemicals, mortar, etc. into the ground to increase the strength of the ground, increase its impermeability, stop water, and prevent water leakage. It has been adopted in a wide variety of civil engineering works to advance various projects such as facilities, disaster prevention, energy development, and ocean development.
然しながら従来注入材を地盤に注入した後の注
入状態を十分な精度で判定する手法は得られてお
らず、従つて従来の地盤注入工法の管理は、その
殆どが注入材の注入量、注入圧力のみの管理で、
各注入ステツプ毎の注入量、注入圧力を流量計、
圧力計で読み、注入量、注入圧力が所定の値を上
回れば注入を終了するという方法をとつているに
過ぎなかつた。然し、この方法では地盤内の所定
の設計範囲に注入材が斑なく注入され、又、地盤
が設計通りの品質に改良されているかどうかを確
かめるのは難しく、注入材が土層の境界を通つて
注入範囲外に逸脱したり、不均一に注入され、地
盤の状態（強度、止水性）が改善されていない場
合でも判別が出来ない。これら改良地盤の品質の
チエツク方法として、注入後にボーリングしてサ
ンプルを取り出すことがなされる場合もあるが、
サンプリング試料の室内試験に時間を要する事や
経済的でない等の理由によりあまり普及されてい
ない。 However, conventional methods for determining the condition of the injection material after it has been injected into the ground have not been available with sufficient accuracy, and therefore, the management of conventional ground injection methods is mostly based on the injection amount and injection pressure of the injection material. Under the management of only
The injection volume and injection pressure for each injection step can be measured using a flowmeter.
The only method used was to read it with a pressure gauge and stop the injection if the injection amount and injection pressure exceeded a predetermined value. However, with this method, the injection material is injected evenly into a predetermined design range in the ground, and it is difficult to confirm whether the ground has been improved to the designed quality. It is not possible to determine whether the soil has deviated from the injection range, or has been poured unevenly, and the ground condition (strength, water-stopping properties) has not been improved. In some cases, the quality of these improved soils is checked by boring and taking out samples after pouring.
This method is not widely used due to the time required for laboratory testing of sampled samples and because it is not economical.
（発明の目的）
本発明の目的は地盤注入工法を施した地盤を探
査する地盤探査装置を得るにある。(Object of the Invention) An object of the present invention is to obtain a ground exploration device for exploring ground subjected to a ground injection method.
（発明の構成）
本発明の地盤探査装置は、先端コーンをロツド
によつてその軸方向に変位自在に支持し、この先
端コーンの軸方向変位を圧力検出器により検出す
るようにしたコーン貫入試験装置と、上記ロツド
内に配置した中性子源と中性子カウンタとより成
る中性子水分計と、上記ロツド外周に露出した複
数の互いに離間した電極より成る電気検層装置と
より成ることを特徴とする。(Structure of the Invention) The ground exploration device of the present invention is a cone penetration test in which a tip cone is supported by a rod so that it can be freely displaced in the axial direction, and the axial displacement of the tip cone is detected by a pressure detector. A neutron moisture meter comprising a neutron source and a neutron counter disposed within the rod, and an electric logging device comprising a plurality of spaced apart electrodes exposed on the outer periphery of the rod.
（発明の実施例） 以下図面によつて本発明の実施例を説明する。(Example of the invention) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
本発明の地盤探査装置は第１図に示すように先
端に位置するコーン貫入試験装置１と、中性子水
分計２と、電気検層装置３とを棒状にして接続し
て成る。 As shown in FIG. 1, the ground exploration device of the present invention is constructed by connecting a cone penetration test device 1 located at the tip, a neutron moisture meter 2, and an electric logging device 3 in the form of a rod.
本発明におけるコーン貫入試験装置１はその詳
細を第２図に示すように円錐状の先端コーン４
と、この先端コーン４を軸方向に摺動自在に支持
する筒状軸部５と、前記先端コーン４の軸方向移
動によつて押圧される油室６と、この油室６内の
油圧を検知する圧力検出器７とより成り、圧力検
出器７の出力はケーブル（図示せず）を介して地
上に導かれ、地盤の硬さが測定される。 The cone penetration test device 1 according to the present invention has a conical tip cone 4 as shown in detail in FIG.
, a cylindrical shaft portion 5 that supports the tip cone 4 slidably in the axial direction, an oil chamber 6 that is pressed by the axial movement of the tip cone 4, and a hydraulic pressure inside the oil chamber 6. The output of the pressure detector 7 is guided to the ground via a cable (not shown), and the hardness of the ground is measured.
従来のコーン貫入試験装置は、貫入抵抗力をロ
ツドに連結されたプルービングリングによつて記
録するものであるが、この装置ではロツドの撓
み、ロツド周辺の摩擦力等の影響を受け、貫入深
さが深くなる程実際よりも過大な測定値が得られ
る傾向があつたが、本発明の地盤探査装置によれ
ばこのような欠点を一掃することが出来る。 Conventional cone penetration testing equipment records the penetration resistance force using a proving ring connected to the rod, but this equipment is affected by the deflection of the rod, the frictional force around the rod, etc., and the penetration depth is measured. However, the ground exploration device of the present invention can eliminate these drawbacks.
又本発明における中性子水分計２はその詳細を
第３図に示すように前記筒状軸部５内に配置した
高速中性子源８と、中性子カウンタ９と、前置増
幅器１０と、これらのリード（図示せず）とより
成る。 The neutron moisture meter 2 according to the present invention, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, includes a fast neutron source 8, a neutron counter 9, a preamplifier 10, and leads ( (not shown).
高速中性子源８は、放射性壊変の過程で中性子
を直接放出する自発核分裂中性子源（カルフオル
ニウム−252＝252Cf）である。中性子カウンタ９
はエネルギーの低い熱中性子にのみ感度を有する
検出器である。中性子は、核力によつて原子核の
中に閉じ込められているが、He等の粒子を原子
核に打ち込むことにより外に飛び出す。飛び出し
た中性子は周辺の物質と弾性衝突、非弾性衝突を
繰り返し散乱減速し、運動エネルギーは次第に低
くなつていく。中性子はエネルギーによつて、高
速中性子、中速中性子、熱中性子等に分類される
が、最終的には散乱を起こす媒質の原子の運動エ
ネルギーと等しいエネルギーを持つ中性子とな
る。この平衡エネルギーは媒質の温度に関係があ
り熱エネルギーと呼ばれ、このエネルギーの時の
中性子を熱中性子と呼ぶ。 The fast neutron source 8 is a spontaneous fission neutron source (calfornium-252= 252 C f ) that directly emits neutrons during the process of radioactive decay. Neutron counter 9
is a detector that is sensitive only to low-energy thermal neutrons. Neutrons are confined within the atomic nucleus by the nuclear force, but can be ejected by bombarding the atomic nucleus with particles such as He. The ejected neutrons undergo repeated elastic and inelastic collisions with surrounding materials, are scattered and decelerated, and their kinetic energy gradually decreases. Neutrons are classified into fast neutrons, medium speed neutrons, thermal neutrons, etc. depending on their energy, but ultimately they become neutrons with energy equal to the kinetic energy of the atoms in the medium that causes scattering. This equilibrium energy is related to the temperature of the medium and is called thermal energy, and neutrons at this energy are called thermal neutrons.
水素原子は他の原子に比べ、速中性子が衝突し
た時の減速能が桁外れに大きい。従つて水素原子
が水の分子として含まれる媒質中で作り出される
減速された熱中性子の数を数えることにより、地
盤中の含水量を測定することが出来る。 Compared to other atoms, hydrogen atoms have an extremely large ability to slow down fast neutrons when they collide with them. Therefore, by counting the number of moderated thermal neutrons produced in a medium containing hydrogen atoms as water molecules, it is possible to measure the water content in the ground.
従つて前記注入材中に予めこの熱中性子の吸収
断面積の大きい物質（Li、Ｂ、Cl、Mn、Cd等）
を混入させておくと、注入前後の測定値の変化か
ら注入材の注入状態を推定出来る。 Therefore, a substance with a large absorption cross section for thermal neutrons (Li, B, Cl, Mn, Cd, etc.) is added to the injection material in advance.
By mixing in, the injection state of the injection material can be estimated from the change in measured values before and after injection.
更に本発明における電気検層装置３はその詳細
を第４図に示すように前記筒状軸部５に例えば25
cmの間隔で露出して設けた５個の電極１１とその
ケーブル１２とより成る。 Furthermore, the electric well logging device 3 according to the present invention has, for example, a 25 mm
It consists of five electrodes 11 exposed and provided at intervals of cm and their cables 12.
この電気検層装置３は地盤内に電極を降下さ
せ、この電極と地表の一点間に電流を流し、地層
の比抵抗を連続して測定するもので、電極の配置
によりノルマル法、ラテラル法等がある。本発明
の電気検層装置３によれば注入材の比抵抗は地盤
の比抵抗の1/10〜1/100と小さいため、その差か
ら地盤中の注入材分布状態を知ることが出来る。 This electric logging device 3 lowers an electrode into the ground, passes a current between the electrode and a point on the ground surface, and continuously measures the resistivity of the stratum. Depending on the arrangement of the electrodes, the normal method, lateral method, etc. There is. According to the electric well logging device 3 of the present invention, the resistivity of the injection material is as small as 1/10 to 1/100 of the resistivity of the ground, so the distribution state of the injection material in the ground can be determined from the difference.
（発明の効果）
本発明地盤探査装置によれば地盤中に貫入せし
める一操作によつて注入材の注入範囲、注入部と
非注入部との境界、注入部の均一性、充填率等を
電気検層装置３と中性子水分計２によつて二重に
測定出来信頼性が高く、又注入材の注入された地
盤の強度はコーン貫入試験装置１によつて前記の
測定と同時に測定出来るため注入材の注入状態を
確かめながら必要な場合は再注入を行う等して設
計通りの改良地盤を作り上げることが出来る。こ
れは、注入工法（注入材料、注入ピツチ、ステツ
プ、注入の仕方等）の改善にも繋がる。又、地盤
に応じた地盤注入工法の適用限界も自ずと明らか
になり、不必要な注入による経費の増大を防ぐこ
とにもなる。(Effects of the Invention) According to the ground exploration device of the present invention, the injection range of the injection material, the boundary between the injection part and the non-injection part, the uniformity of the injection part, the filling rate, etc. can be electrically determined by one operation of penetrating into the ground. The logging device 3 and the neutron moisture meter 2 can perform double measurements, which is highly reliable, and the strength of the ground into which the injection material has been injected can be measured simultaneously with the above measurement using the cone penetration testing device 1, so the injection It is possible to create improved ground as designed by checking the condition of the material being poured and re-pouring if necessary. This will also lead to improvements in the injection method (injection material, injection pitch, step, method of injection, etc.). In addition, the applicable limits of the ground injection method depending on the ground will become clear, which will prevent increases in costs due to unnecessary injection.
又注入状態が正確に分かるという事は、地盤注
入の設計の見直しにも繋がる。即ち今までは所定
の効果が得られていない場合、設計自体が悪いの
か、施工が不備なのかが判然としなかつたのに対
し、本発明装置を用いれば当初の設計通りに注入
地盤が出来上がつているか否かが確かめられるの
で、設計自体の過不足の判定が出来、設計断面の
修正が可能である。従つて過不足のない目的に応
じた適性な設計が可能となるので、経費の節減だ
けでなく余分な注入材の注入による環境公害の提
言にも繋がることになる。 Also, knowing the injection status accurately will lead to a review of the ground injection design. In other words, until now, if the desired effect was not obtained, it was unclear whether the design itself was bad or the construction was flawed, but with the device of the present invention, the injected ground can be completed as originally designed. Since it can be confirmed whether or not the cross section is correct, it is possible to judge whether the design itself is adequate or insufficient, and the design cross section can be corrected. Therefore, it is possible to design an appropriate design according to the purpose with no excess or deficiency, which leads to not only cost savings but also recommendations for environmental pollution caused by injection of excess injection material.
更に本発明装置は小型軽量で、運搬に便利であ
り、且つ計測操作が容易であるという利点があ
る。 Furthermore, the device of the present invention has the advantage of being small and lightweight, convenient for transportation, and easy to perform measurement operations.
第１図は本発明装置の説明図、第２図〜第４図
は夫々その要部の説明図である。
１……コーン貫入試験装置、２……中性子水分
計、３……電気検層装置、４……先端コーン、５
……筒状軸部、６……油室、７……圧力検出器、
８……高速中性子源、９……中性子カウンタ、１
０……前置増幅器、１１……電極、１２……ケー
ブル。
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are explanatory diagrams of the main parts thereof. 1... Cone penetration test device, 2... Neutron moisture meter, 3... Electric logging device, 4... Tip cone, 5
... Cylindrical shaft part, 6 ... Oil chamber, 7 ... Pressure detector,
8...Fast neutron source, 9...Neutron counter, 1
0...Preamplifier, 11...Electrode, 12...Cable.
Claims (1)
位自在に支持し、この先端コーンの軸方向変位を
圧力検出器により検出するようにしたコーン貫入
試験装置と、上記ロツド内に配置した中性子源と
中性子カウンタとより成る中性子水分計と、上記
ロツド外周に露出した複数の互いに離間した電極
より成る電気検層装置とより成ることを特徴とす
る地盤探査装置。1. A cone penetration test device in which a tip cone is supported by a rod so as to be freely displaceable in its axial direction, and the axial displacement of the tip cone is detected by a pressure detector, and a neutron source disposed within the rod. A ground exploration device comprising: a neutron moisture meter comprising a neutron counter; and an electric logging device comprising a plurality of electrodes spaced apart from each other exposed on the outer periphery of the rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62151317A JPS63315978A (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Ground survey instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62151317A JPS63315978A (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Ground survey instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63315978A JPS63315978A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
| JPH0531952B2 true JPH0531952B2 (en) | 1993-05-13 |
Family
ID=15515995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62151317A Granted JPS63315978A (en) | 1987-06-19 | 1987-06-19 | Ground survey instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63315978A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004347490A (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-12-09 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Intrusion probe |
| JP2011112506A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-09 | Nitto Seiko Co Ltd | Penetration rod |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07109401B2 (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1995-11-22 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Ground improvement area detection method using improved material |
| JPH0756513B2 (en) * | 1990-06-11 | 1995-06-14 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | Method and apparatus for measuring elastic wave velocity |
| JP2010047938A (en) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-03-04 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Method and system for evaluating ground |
| JP7248241B2 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2023-03-29 | 戸田建設株式会社 | Confirmation method of ground improvement effect and measuring device used therefor |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5093201A (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1975-07-25 | ||
| JPS5222964A (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1977-02-21 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Device for detecting strata |
| JPS57179778A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-05 | Kiso Jiban Consultant Kk | Method and device for investigation of ground |
-
1987
- 1987-06-19 JP JP62151317A patent/JPS63315978A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5093201A (en) * | 1973-12-17 | 1975-07-25 | ||
| JPS5222964A (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1977-02-21 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Device for detecting strata |
| JPS57179778A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-05 | Kiso Jiban Consultant Kk | Method and device for investigation of ground |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004347490A (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-12-09 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Intrusion probe |
| JP2011112506A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-09 | Nitto Seiko Co Ltd | Penetration rod |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63315978A (en) | 1988-12-23 |
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