JPH05308857A - Greenhouse for cultivating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a greenhouse for cultivating plants capable of producing high cleanness and a stable growth environment in the greenhouse by excluding direct influences of the outside air temperature on the outside of the greenhouse on an internal space of the greenhouse for cultivating the plants. CONSTITUTION:This greenhouse for cultivating plants has a double structure composed of an inner chamber 11 and an outer chamber 12 having the inner chamber 11 installed through an air layer (A) in the interior thereof and outer chamber temperature regulating means (ventilating fans 15) for regulating the indoor temperature are installed in the outer chamber 12. The ventilating fans 15 are operated to regulate the indoor temperature (Tb) of the outer chamber 12 to balance thermal energy transferring through the air layer (A) between the outer chamber 12 and the inner chamber 11. Thereby, the indoor temperature (Ti) of the inner chamber 11 is regulated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant cultivation greenhouse, and more particularly to a plant cultivation greenhouse which requires high cleanliness and a stable growth environment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a plant cultivation greenhouse which forms a closed space that is not directly exposed to the outside air in order to maintain the growth environment of cultivated plants in a more appropriate state.

This plant cultivation greenhouse has a single open type structure that forms an internal space by using a member such as vinyl that allows sunlight to enter, and the influence of the outside air temperature outside the greenhouse on the internal space. Is reduced.

By forming an indoor environment that is not easily affected by the outside air temperature, a growth environment suitable for cultivated plants can be obtained in the greenhouse.

By the way, in order to acclimate and grow seedlings of cultivated plants (bio seedlings) produced by recent biotechnology in a greenhouse, high cleanliness and a stable growth environment are required. A plant cultivation greenhouse having an indoor environment that is not easily affected is required.

[0006]

However, in a general greenhouse having a single open type structure, the inside of the greenhouse and the outside air are not only separated from each other only by the members forming the greenhouse, but also raised more than necessary. There is also a case where the greenhouse is opened and the outside air is introduced directly into the greenhouse in order to reduce the temperature inside the greenhouse.Therefore, there is a limit in eliminating the influence of the outside air temperature outside the greenhouse on the internal space. It is difficult to obtain high cleanliness and stable growth environment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to eliminate the direct influence of the outside air temperature outside the greenhouse on the inner space of the plant cultivation greenhouse. It is to provide a plant cultivation greenhouse that can bring high cleanliness and a stable growth environment in the greenhouse.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a plant cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention comprises a double chamber consisting of an inner chamber and an outer chamber having the inner chamber with an air layer interposed therein. By having an outer room temperature adjusting means for adjusting the room temperature in the outer room and having a structure to operate the outer room temperature adjusting means to adjust the room temperature of the outer room, the outer room temperature is adjusted through the air layer. The heat energy moving between the outer chamber and the inner chamber is balanced, and the room temperature of the inner chamber is adjusted.

Further, there is provided an outer room temperature adjusting means for adjusting the room temperature of the outer room, which has a double structure consisting of an inner room and an outer room which is installed inside with an air layer interposed. From the sunlight detecting means for detecting the sunlight intensity in the inner room, the outer room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the outer room, the inner room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the inner room, and the sunlight detecting means. The indoor temperature of the outer room and the inner room is calculated based on the output signals from the outer room temperature detecting means and the inner room temperature detecting means while calculating the incident energy of the sunlight into the inner room by receiving the output signal. And a control means for controlling the operation of the outside room temperature adjusting means by performing a comparative calculation with the room target temperature of the inside room, and by operating the outside room temperature adjusting means to adjust the room temperature of the outside room, The outside through the air layer Room temperature of the heat energy transferred is balanced within the chamber between the inner chamber is characterized in that it is coordinated with.

[0010]

In the plant cultivation greenhouse having the above structure, when the outside air temperature is sufficiently lower than the indoor target temperature of the inside room, the control means operates the outside room temperature adjusting means to ventilate the air layer inside the outside room. By controlling the operation so that the room temperature of the room reaches the target value, the energy entering and leaving the room is adjusted.

By adjusting this energy, it is possible to control the balance of the thermal energy that moves between the inner chamber and the outer chamber and prevent the temperature change itself that occurs as a result of the loss of energy balance.

[0012]

Embodiments of the plant cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation greenhouse 10 is
Both have a double structure composed of an inner chamber 11 and an outer chamber 12 formed by using a member that allows the incidence of sunlight, and a detection sensor that detects the intensity of sunlight incident on the inner chamber 11 (solar (Light detecting means) 13, an air conditioner 14 for adjusting the indoor temperature of the inner room 11, a ventilation fan (outer room temperature adjusting means) 15 for adjusting the indoor temperature of the outer room 12, the operation of the air conditioner 14 and the ventilation fan 15 are controlled. A computer (control means) 16 is provided.

The plant cultivation greenhouse 10 is maintained in a more appropriate state as a growth environment for the plant P by adjusting the indoor environment such as temperature.

The inner chamber 11 forms a closed space by the outer wall 11a, and the air chamber A in the outer chamber 12 is interposed between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 1
It is installed inside 2. The outer chamber 12 forms a closed space by the outer wall 12a, and the outer wall 12a directly contacts the outside air.

An inner room temperature sensor 17 for detecting the room temperature of the inner room 11 is provided in the inner room 11, and an outer room temperature sensor 18 for detecting the room temperature of the outer room 12 is provided in the outer room 12. An outside air temperature sensor 19 for detecting is installed, and the inside room temperature sensor 17, the outside room temperature sensor 18, and the outside air temperature sensor 19 send the detected indoor temperatures together to the computer 16.

In addition to the air conditioner 14, a humidifier for increasing the indoor humidity, an agitating fan for agitating the indoor air to prevent the occurrence of temperature unevenness are provided in the internal room 11 in order to adjust the indoor environment. A culture solution supply pump for supplying the culture solution to the plant, a culture solution temperature controller for controlling the temperature of the culture solution, or an environmental control device 20 such as various solenoid valves for controlling a circulation system for circulating the culture solution is installed. ing.

The environmental control equipment 20 is a heating element that generates heat by operation, and has the function of releasing thermal energy into the inner chamber 11 to raise the temperature in the inner chamber 11.

The detection sensor 13 detects the intensity of sunlight in the inner chamber 11 where the sunlight irradiating the plant cultivation greenhouse 10 reaches the inner chamber 11 through the outer chamber 12 and outputs a detection signal (output signal) to the computer 16. To send to.

The air conditioner 14 is installed inside the inner chamber 11 and is connected to an outdoor unit 14a installed outside the outer chamber 12. The air conditioner 14 is a heat pump type air conditioning system, and can adjust the room temperature by sending hot air or cold air.

The ventilation fan 15 is installed in the vicinity of the ceiling of the outer chamber 12, and discharges the indoor air to the outside via a ventilation port (not shown) opened in the outer wall 12a or the outdoor air. The outside room 12 is ventilated by inhaling (outside air) into the room.

The computer 16 has a CPU (central processing unit) 16a, and calculates the incident energy to the inner chamber 11 based on the detection signal input from the detection sensor 13.

At the same time, the computer 16 causes the room temperature of the inner room 11 obtained as the input information from the inner room temperature sensor 17, the room temperature of the outer room 12 obtained as the input information from the outer room temperature sensor 18, and a preset value. The calculated temperature of the inner chamber 11 is compared and calculated, the operation of the ventilation fan 15 is controlled to bring the inner chamber 11 to the desired temperature, and the energy (heat energy) flowing in and out between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 Adjust.

By the way, in such a plant cultivation greenhouse 10 having a double structure, in order to stably control the temperature of the inner chamber 11, it is necessary to satisfy the formula (1).

Es + Eg≅Et + Eh (1) Es≅L × Af (2) Et≅a × As × (Ti-Tb) (3) where Es : Energy incident to the inner chamber 11 due to sunlight (W), Eg: Energy generated by an environmental control device in the inner chamber 11 (W), Et: Energy flowing through the outer wall 11a of the inner chamber 11 (W) ), Eh: Energy (W) moved in and out between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 by the air conditioner 14, L: Sunlight intensity (W / m ² ) in the inner chamber 11, a: Exterior of the inner chamber 11 Heat transmission coefficient (W /
m ² ), Af: floor area of the inner chamber 11 (m ² ), As: inner chamber 11
The surface area (m ² ) of the exterior, Ti: the room temperature (° C) of the inner chamber 11, and Tb: the room temperature (° C) of the outer chamber 12.

Of these, the incident energy Es to the inner chamber 11 due to sunlight and the energy Eg generated by the environment control device 19 in the inner chamber 11 are a certain amount for growing the plant P in the inner chamber 11. is necessary.

Since the transfer of the energy Eh by the air conditioner 14 requires more cost than the transfer of the energy Et by the flow through the exterior of the inner chamber 11, it is better to make the energy Eh as small as possible. This is a condition for stably controlling the room temperature of the inner room 11 at a low cost.

Considering the control of the indoor temperature under these conditions, for example, in the winter, in a greenhouse with a single structure having a closed structure in which the indoor temperature is directly controlled via an air conditioner, there is a strong sunlight during the daytime. Each room requires heating on a cloudy day or at night.
In the plant cultivation greenhouse 10 (see FIG. 1) having a double structure including the outer chamber 12 and the outer chamber 12, if the outside air temperature To is sufficiently lower than the target temperature (desired temperature) Tio of the inner chamber 11, the ventilation fan 15 of the outer chamber 12 Energy Et is adjusted by driving
Expression (4) can be established.

Es + Eg.apprxeq.Et (4) In this case, the air conditioner 14 in the inner chamber 11 may hardly be operated.

Then, in order to satisfy the equation (4),
The operation of the ventilation fan 15 may be controlled so that the room temperature Tb of the outer room 12 becomes the target value calculated by the equation (5).

Tbo≈Tio− (L × Af + Eg) / (a × As) (5) where Tbo is the target temperature (° C.) in the outer chamber 12 and Tio is the target in the inner chamber 11. Temperature (° C).

When the target temperature Tbo of the outer chamber 12 which is the control target becomes lower than the outside air temperature To due to the conditions of the energy Es and the energy Et, the equation (4) cannot be established, Even in this case, bringing the room temperature Tb close to the target temperature Tbo will reduce the energy Eh.

Further, when it is necessary to heat the inner chamber 11 at night, an air layer A between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 is required.
Can function as a heat retaining layer. In this case, the equation (5) gives the room temperature Tb of the outer room 12 necessary to realize the most ideal heat retention performance.

In order to realize such control of the room temperature of the plant cultivation greenhouse 10, since the surface area As of the exterior, the floor area Af, and the heat transmission coefficient a of the exterior in the interior 11 are known, the interior of the interior 11 is known. It is sufficient to detect the sunlight intensity L in 11, the indoor temperature Ti of the inner chamber 11, the indoor temperature Tb of the outer chamber 12, the outside air temperature To, and the generated energy Eg.

Next, the operation of the plant cultivation greenhouse having the above structure will be described.

In the plant cultivation greenhouse 10, the computer 16 controls the operation of the air conditioner 14 in order to maintain the inner room 11 at a desired temperature based on the detection signal of the inner room temperature sensor 17 which detects the room temperature Ti of the inner room 11. To do.

At this time, when the outside air temperature To is sufficiently lower than the target temperature (desired temperature) Tio of the inner chamber 11, the computer 16 balances the energy moving between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12. The temperature of the outer chamber 12 is calculated, the air layer A in the outer chamber 12 is ventilated based on the calculated value, and the operation of the ventilation fan 15 is controlled so that the room temperature Tb of the outer chamber 12 reaches the target value. .. By controlling the ventilation fan 15, the energy Et flowing in and out through the outer wall 11a of the inner chamber 11 is adjusted.

By adjusting the energy Et, it is possible to control the energy balance between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 and prevent the temperature change itself that occurs as a result of the loss of energy balance.

When it is necessary to heat the inner chamber 11 at night or the like, an air layer A between the inner chamber 11 and the outer chamber 12 is required.
Can function as a heat retaining layer.

Thus, the double-structured plant cultivation greenhouse 10
Unlike general feedback control, is a control of energy balance, and it is possible to provide high cleanliness and a stable growth environment that are difficult to obtain in a single-layer greenhouse, so it is particularly highly clean and stable. It can be said that it is suitable for acclimatizing and raising seedlings made by biotechnology (bio seedlings) that require such a growing environment.

In other words, the single-layer greenhouse controls the room temperature by the general feedback control that controls the operation of the air conditioner so that the temperature approaches the target value while measuring the temperature. On the other hand, the plant cultivation greenhouse 10 utilizes the structure of the greenhouse, and the ventilation fan 1
5 controls the room temperature Tb of the outer room 12 and controls the room temperature Ti of the inner room 11 by the air conditioner 14, thereby controlling the energy balance between the outer room 12 and the inner room 11 to reduce energy consumption. It is possible to prevent the temperature change itself as a result of the imbalance.

[0042]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The plant cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention has a double structure consisting of an inner chamber and an outer chamber having the inner chamber with an air layer interposed therein. By installing an external room temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature and operating the external room temperature adjusting means to adjust the indoor temperature of the external room, a space between the external room and the internal room is provided via the air layer. The moving thermal energy is balanced and the room temperature of the inner room is adjusted.

Also, an outside room temperature adjusting means for adjusting an inside temperature of the outside room, which has a double structure consisting of an inside room and an outside room which is installed inside with an air layer interposed therebetween, From the sunlight detecting means for detecting the sunlight intensity in the inner room, the outer room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the outer room, the inner room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the inner room, and the sunlight detecting means. The indoor temperature of the outer room and the inner room is calculated based on the output signals from the outer room temperature detecting means and the inner room temperature detecting means while calculating the incident energy of the sunlight into the inner room by receiving the output signal. And a control means for controlling the operation of the outside room temperature adjusting means by performing a comparative calculation with the room target temperature of the inside room, and by operating the outside room temperature adjusting means to adjust the room temperature of the outside room, The outside through the air layer Room temperature of the heat energy transferred is balanced within the chamber between the inner chamber is characterized in that it is coordinated with.

Therefore, by eliminating the direct influence of the outside air temperature outside the greenhouse on the interior space of the plant cultivation greenhouse,
It can bring high cleanliness and stable growth environment in the greenhouse at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view of a plant cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Plant Cultivation Greenhouse 11 Inner Room 12 Outer Room 13 Detection Sensor (Sunlight Detection Means) 15 Ventilation Fan (Outside Room Temperature Adjustment Means) 16 Computer (Control Means) 17 Inner Room Temperature Sensor (Inner Room Temperature Detection Means) 18 Outside Room Temperature Sensor (Outside) Room temperature detection means) A Air layer Es Incident energy Ti Inner room temperature Tb Outer room temperature Tio Inner room target temperature

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A dual structure having an inner chamber and an outer chamber provided inside the inner chamber with an air layer interposed therebetween, wherein the outer chamber is provided with an outside room temperature adjusting means for adjusting the room temperature. By installing and operating the outside room temperature adjusting means to adjust the room temperature of the outside room, the thermal energy moving between the outside room and the inside room through the air layer is balanced, A plant cultivation greenhouse characterized in that the temperature inside the room is adjusted. 2. An outside room temperature adjusting means for adjusting the room temperature of the outside room, which has a double structure consisting of an inside room and an outside room installed inside with an air layer interposed therebetween. From the sunlight detecting means for detecting the sunlight intensity in the inner room, the outer room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the outer room, the inner room temperature detecting means for detecting the room temperature of the inner room, and the sunlight detecting means. The indoor temperature of the outer room and the inner room is calculated based on the output signals from the outer room temperature detecting means and the inner room temperature detecting means while calculating the incident energy of the sunlight into the inner room by receiving the output signal. And a control means for controlling the operation of the outer room temperature adjusting means by comparing and calculating the indoor target temperature of the inner room, and by operating the outer room temperature adjusting means to adjust the room temperature of the outer room, With the outside chamber through the air layer Plant cultivation greenhouses room temperature of the heat energy transferred is balanced within the chamber between the serial interior is characterized in that it is adjusted.