JPH0530699A - Brush holder for commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to correspond to various operating states of a motor by installing a plurality of holders, in parallel and at predetermined intervals, being capable of holding brushes at predetermined positions relative to a commutator. CONSTITUTION:A pair of holders 3b holding one end of a terminal portion 2 are made of through holes of a similar figure slightly smaller than the outer shape of a cross section of the terminal portion 2; a plurality of the holders are arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch over a tangential line of a virtual circle with the center located at the center shaft of the bearing supporting portion 3a, that is, the motor shaft, and each pair of the holders are arranged by point symmetry. This pitch is preset from the variable amount of contacting force between a brush portion 1 and commutator 7. When the terminal portion 2 is fixed to a holder 3b closer to the contact with the tangential line of the virtual circle, a larger contacting force between the brush portion 1 and the commutator 7 can be obtained, and the contacting force gets smaller as the holder located far from the contact. Therefore, a contacting force corresponding to the motor operation state can be obtained by adequately selecting the holder 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed. By doing this, various use conditions of the motor can be accepted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brush support device for a commutator motor in which a brush portion is in contact with a commutator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional brush supporting device for a commutator motor is
As shown in FIG. 12, a brush portion 1 in the shape of a cantilever having a spring property for contacting a commutator provided on a rotor and supplying electric power,
A terminal portion 14 having one end joined to the root of the beam of the brush portion 1 and the other end connected to an external power source, and a part of the terminal portion 14 are fixed to fix the brush portion 1 and the terminal portion 14 to the commutator in a predetermined manner. And a base 15 having a locking portion 15a supported at a position.

In this case, the brush portion 1 joined to the terminal portion 14 by caulking or welding is fixed to the base 15 by press fitting or the like, and when it is attached to one end of the motor case, the brush portion 1
Comes into contact with the commutator with a predetermined contact force.

[0004]

The brush support device for the commutator motor as described above, depending on the usage state of the motor,
The specifications are often changed. For example, when trying to increase the number of revolutions, the followability of the brush section and the commutator deteriorates, and a momentary non-conducting phenomenon called chattering occurs, causing noise or rotation fluctuation. The contact force between the brush portion and the commutator can be increased by increasing the thickness or the displacement amount of the brush portion. In this case, it is necessary to change the die of the brush portion or to newly form the die of the base for changing the position of the locking portion that supports the terminal portion for increasing the displacement amount of the brush portion. In addition, when trying to change the position of the brush part in the circumferential direction around the motor shaft center in order to obtain an appropriate electrical contact angle between the brush part and the commutator, the position of the locking part that supports the terminal part It is necessary to build a new mold for the base to change the. Such a change causes a cost increase of the motor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a brush support device for a commutator motor, which has common components and can be used in various usage states of the motor. There is.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a brush supporting device for a commutator motor according to a first aspect of the present invention has a spring property of abutting against a commutator provided on a rotor to supply electric power. A cantilevered brush portion, a terminal portion having one end joined to the root of the beam of the brush portion and the other end connected to an external power source,
In a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, which comprises a base having a locking portion that fits and fixes a part of the terminal portion and supports the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator, the locking portion includes: A plurality of units are arranged side by side at a predetermined interval.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein the engaging portion of the brush supporting device for a commutator motor according to the first aspect has a tangential line and a circumference of a virtual circle centered on the motor shaft center. It is configured to be formed on the top or in the radial direction.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein a pair of terminal portions of the brush supporting device for a commutator motor according to claim 1 support the respective brush portions so as to be different in the axial direction of the motor. It is configured to do.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein the brush portion is a cantilever having a spring property for abutting against a commutator provided on the rotor to supply electric power, and one end of the brush portion is a beam of the brush portion. A base having a terminal part joined to the base of the terminal and the other end connected to an external power source, and a locking part for fitting and fixing a part of the terminal part to support the brush part at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator. In the brush supporting device for a commutator motor, the non-circular fitting portion is formed at a position where the terminal portion fits with the locking portion, and the locking portion has the same shape or similar to the fitting portion. The shape is such that the center of rotation when the brush portion is rotated in the direction of spring bias is concentric, and is superposed at a predetermined rotation pitch.

[0010]

According to the structure of the brush supporting device for the commutator motor of the first aspect, since a plurality of locking portions are provided,
It is easy to change the position of the terminal part that provides the proper positional relationship between the brush part and the commutator according to various usage conditions of the motor by selecting one of the locking parts facing the position of the terminal part. You can

According to the structure of the brush supporting device for the commutator motor of the second aspect, the contact force between the brush part and the commutator can be changed by appropriately selecting the engaging parts arranged in parallel on the tangent line. It is possible to change the electrical contact angle between the brush part and the commutator by appropriately selecting the locking parts that are arranged side by side on the circumference, and select the locking parts that are arranged in the radial direction as appropriate. By doing so, the contact force and the electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator can be changed.

According to the structure of the brush supporting device of the commutator motor of the third aspect, the fixing positions of the pair of terminal portions to the respective locking portions are different in the motor shaft center direction, so that they are different from the motor shaft center. As a result, the terminal portion can be made asymmetrical, and the electrical contact angle is changed accordingly, so that the rotation speed of the motor can be changed.

According to the structure of the brush supporting device of the commutator motor of the fourth aspect, since the locking portions are superposed at a predetermined rotation pitch, the terminal portion is given rotation according to the rotation pitch. Once fixed, the brush portion is rotationally displaced in the direction of the spring bias, and the contact force and electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator change.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a brush portion, which is formed of a spring-like plate material in a strip shape and has a connecting portion 1a at one end. This brush part 1
Is a cantilever-shaped spring when the connecting portion 1a is joined to a terminal portion described later by welding or the like. This spring characteristic is designed by appropriately selecting the span length, plate thickness, and plate width of the effective spring portion.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a terminal portion, which is formed in a round or polygonal rod shape, one of which is joined to the brush portion 1, and the other is fixed by penetrating a base described later. The terminal portion 2 is press-fitted into the base while positioning the brush portion 1 in a free state where no spring force is generated at a predetermined position.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a base, which is formed in a disk shape and has a bearing holding portion 3a that holds a bearing 5 that supports one end of the rotor 4 in the center, a pair of locking portions 3b that supports one end of the terminal portion 2, and a peripheral edge. And an engaging portion 3c that engages with one of the cylindrical motor cases 6.
The locking portion 3b is a through hole of a similar shape smaller than the outer shape of the cross section of the terminal portion 2, and has a motor shaft center, that is, a bearing holding portion.
Plural pieces are arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch on a tangent to an imaginary circle centered on the central axis of 3a, and the pair are arranged point-symmetrically. This pitch is obtained and set from the variable amount of the contact force between the brush unit 1 and the commutator 7. When this is smaller than the hole diameter of the locking portion 3b, the adjacent locking portions 3b partially overlap.

In this case, when the terminal portion 2 is fixed to the locking portion 3b near the contact point of the imaginary circle and the tangent line, the contact force between the brush portion 1 and the commutator 7 is large, and the contact force becomes smaller as the distance from the contact point increases. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, the contact force according to the usage state of the motor can be obtained.

Next, a modified example of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. The same members as those of the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 3 shows a modified example of the engaging portion 3b. A plurality of engaging portions 3b are arranged side by side at a predetermined pitch on the circumference of an imaginary circle centered on the central axis of the bearing holding portion 3a. There is. This pitch is
It is set so that the electrical contact angle between the brush part 1 and the commutator can be changed appropriately. When this is smaller than the hole diameter of the locking portion 3b, the adjacent locking portions 3b partially overlap. With this, by appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, an appropriate electrical contact angle according to the usage state of the motor can be obtained.

FIG. 4 shows a modified example of the engaging portion 3b. A plurality of engaging portions 3b are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the circumference of a virtual circle centered on the central axis of the bearing holding portion 3a and in the radial direction. It is set up. This pitch is set so that the electrical contact angle and contact force between the brush unit 1 and the commutator can be changed appropriately. This one is
By appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, an appropriate electric contact angle and contact force according to the usage state of the motor can be obtained at the same time.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. The essential parts of the present invention are the terminal part 8 and the locking part 9a of the base 9. Since the members other than this main part are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, the substantially same members are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal portions 8 are made up of a pair, one of which is formed larger than the other of the width of the brush portion 1, and the brush portions 1 are joined to the terminal portions 8 and fixed to the locking portions 9a.

Since the locking portion 9a is formed in substantially the same manner as the modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this case, since the length of the terminal portion 8 is made different so that the brush portion 1 is made different in the motor axial direction, the terminal portion 8 can be asymmetrical with respect to the motor axial center. Accordingly, if the electrical contact angle is appropriately selected, the rotation speed of the motor can be changed within the range of several tens of percent.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the second embodiment.
A short terminal portion 8 to which the brush portion 1 is joined is added, and the two short terminal portions 8 and 8 are fixed to the locking portions 9a at symmetrical positions. In this device, when a voltage is applied between the two shorter terminals having a symmetrical positional relationship, a normal operation, that is, a predetermined rotation speed is obtained, and a voltage is applied between the terminals having an asymmetrical positional relationship. Then, the number of rotations can be increased or decreased. For example, a product designed for two speeds can be handled only by a motor without using a reduction mechanism or an electric circuit.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
It will be described based on. The essential parts of the present invention are the terminal portion 10 and the locking portion 11a of the base 11. Since the members other than this main part are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, the substantially same members are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal portion 10 is formed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and one side is joined to the brush portion 1 and the other portion is locked while positioning the free state brush portion 1 in which a spring force is not generated at a predetermined position. It is fixed to the part 11a.

Since the locking portion 11a is formed in substantially the same manner as the modification of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

This is because the locking portion 11a formed on the fixed position of the terminal portion 10, that is, on the tangent to an imaginary circle centered on the central axis of the bearing holding portion 11b, is selected as appropriate for the brush portion 1. The rotation direction of the rotor can be changed by changing the contact position with the commutator by approximately 180 degrees. For example, the locking portion 11a is set so that the brush portion 1 is set at the position indicated by the broken line when rotating in the forward direction and the solid line when rotating in the reverse direction. In this case, the frictional force generated between the commutator and the brush portion due to the rotation is always applied in the direction of pulling the brush portion 1 to reduce the fluctuation of the frictional force.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The main part of the present invention is the terminal part 12.
And the locking portion 13a of the base 13. Since the members other than this main part are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, the substantially same members are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal portion 12 has a rod shape, and the brush portion is provided on one side.
It has a connecting portion 12a to which 1 is joined and a non-circular fitting portion 12b on the other side where it is fitted with the locking portion 13a. The fitting portion 12b has an uneven shape with a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction.

The engaging portion 13a has a shape similar to or smaller than the fitting portion 12b at a predetermined position of the base 13, and has a brush portion 1a.
Are formed by being superposed at a predetermined rotation pitch with the center of rotation when rotating in the direction of spring bias as concentric. The locking portion 13a has the same shape as the fitting portion 12b in the case of the knurled shape as shown in FIG. 11, and the locking portion 13a also has the same shape when superposed at a predetermined rotation pitch, that is, the knurling pitch.

With this, the fixing position of the terminal portion 12 with respect to the locking portion 13a can be selected in steps of a predetermined rotation pitch.

The fourth embodiment is the terminal portion 2 of the first embodiment.
Alternatively, it may be diverted to the locking portion 3b. Further, the locking portion may be provided on a straight line or a curved line other than the tangent line of the virtual circle, the circumference, the radial direction.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to select, from the plurality of engaging portions, an engaging portion that provides a proper positional relationship between the brush portion and the commutator, that is, an electrical contact angle and a contact force, according to the usage state of the motor. As a result, there is no need to make changes to the components and the associated investment.

In the brush supporting device of the commutator motor according to the second aspect, when it is desired to obtain a proper contact force between the brush portion and the commutator according to the usage state of the motor, it is desirable to obtain a proper electrical contact angle on the tangent line. This can be easily done by appropriately selecting the locking portion from the circumferential direction sometimes and the radial direction when obtaining an appropriate contact force and electrical contact angle.

In the brush supporting device for the commutator motor according to the third aspect of the present invention, the pair of brush portions are supported so as to be different from each other in the motor axial direction, so that the terminal portion is asymmetrical with respect to the motor axial center. Since the rotation speed of the motor can be changed by changing the electrical contact angle, motors having different rotation speeds can be made with the same component parts of the motor.

In the brush supporting device for the commutator motor according to the fourth aspect, since the fixing position of the terminal portion with respect to the locking portion can be selected in steps of a predetermined rotation pitch, the terminal portion is given an appropriate rotational displacement to the brush portion. A more appropriate electrical contact angle can be obtained by taking the fixed position.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a sectional view of an essential part and FIG. 1B is a plan view.

FIG. 2 is likewise a perspective view in which a brush portion is joined to a terminal portion.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.

5A and 5B show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a brush portion joined to a terminal portion, where (a) shows a shorter terminal portion and (b) shows a longer terminal portion.

FIG. 7 shows a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a plan view and (b) is a sectional view of an essential part.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram similarly showing the rotation directions of the brush section and the commutator.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is likewise a perspective view of an essential part.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Brush section 2 terminal 3 base 3b locking part 8 terminal 9 bases 9a Locking part 10 Terminal part 11 base 11a Locking part 12 terminal 12b Mating part 13 base 13a Locking part 14 Terminal 15 bases 15a Locking part

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cantilevered brush-shaped brush portion having a spring property for abutting against a commutator provided on a rotor and supplying electric power, and one end of the brush portion is joined to the root of the beam of the brush portion and the other end is connected to an external power source. And a base having a locking portion that fixes a part of the terminal portion and supports the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator, the brush supporting device of the commutator motor comprising: A plurality of brush supporting devices for a commutator motor are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals. 2. The brush support for a commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the engaging portion is formed on a tangent line, a circumference, or a radial direction of an imaginary circle centered on the motor shaft center. apparatus. 3. The brush supporting device for a commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the pair of terminal portions support the respective brush portions so as to be different in the motor axial direction. 4. A cantilevered brush-shaped brush portion having a spring property for abutting against a commutator provided on a rotor and supplying electric power, and one end thereof is joined to the root of the beam of the brush portion and the other end is connected to an external power source. In a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, the terminal supporting part has a locking part for fitting and fixing a part of the terminal part to support the brush part at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator. , A non-circular fitting portion is formed where the terminal portion fits with the locking portion, and the locking portion has the same shape or a similar shape to the fitting portion,
A brush supporting device for a commutator motor, characterized in that the brush portion is superposed at a predetermined rotation pitch with the center of rotation when the brush portion is rotated in the direction of spring bias being concentric.