JP3206025B2 - Commutator motor brush support device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brush support device for a commutator motor in which a brush portion contacts a commutator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional brush support device for a commutator motor includes:
As shown in FIG. 12, a cantilever-shaped brush portion 1 having a spring property for supplying power by contacting a commutator provided on a rotor;
One end is joined to the base of the beam of the brush part 1 and the other end is connected to an external power supply.A part of the terminal part 14 is fixed and the brush part 1 and the terminal part 14 are fixed to the commutator by a predetermined distance. And a base 15 having a locking portion 15a for supporting the position.

The brush unit 1 is fixed to a base 15 by press-fitting or the like, which is obtained by joining the brush unit 1 to the terminal unit 14 by caulking or welding.
Comes into contact with the commutator with a predetermined contact force.

[0004]

The above-described brush support device for a commutator motor has the following features.
Specifications are often changed. For example, when trying to increase the rotation speed, the followability of the brush portion and the commutator deteriorates, causing an instantaneous disconnection phenomenon called chattering, which causes noise or rotation fluctuation. By increasing the thickness or increasing the displacement of the brush portion, the contact force between the brush portion and the commutator can be increased. In this case, it is necessary to change the die of the brush portion or to newly build a die for the base that changes the position of the locking portion that supports the terminal portion for increasing the displacement of the brush portion. In addition, if the position of the brush portion is changed in the circumferential direction around the motor axis in order to properly set the electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator, the position of the locking portion supporting the terminal portion is reduced. It is necessary to make a new mold for the base to be changed. Such a change increases the cost of the motor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brush support device for a commutator motor which has common components and can be used in various usage states of the motor. To be.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a brush support device for a commutator motor according to the first aspect of the present invention has a spring property for supplying power by contacting a commutator provided on a rotor. A cantilevered brush portion, a terminal portion having one end joined to the base of the beam of the brush portion and the other end connected to an external power supply,
A base having a locking portion for fixing a part of the terminal portion and supporting the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator, a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein the locking portions are arranged at predetermined intervals. are plural juxtaposed, in each case a portion of the terminal portion is fixed to the engaging portions, I Do as the contact force of the brush portion and the commutator and / or electrical contact angle is changed difference Yes, and
One pair of terminal parts
It is configured to be shifted in the direction and supported .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein a cantilever-shaped brush portion having a spring property for supplying power by contacting a commutator provided on a rotor, and a beam having one end having a brush portion. Having a terminal portion joined to the root of the terminal and having the other end connected to an external power supply, and a locking portion for fitting and fixing a part of the terminal portion and supporting the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator. In the brush support device for a commutator motor, a non-circular fitting portion is formed where the terminal portion is fitted with the locking portion, and the locking portion has the same shape or similar shape as the fitting portion. The shape, and the rotation center when rotating the brush portion in the direction of the spring bias is concentric with the rotation center at a predetermined rotation pitch, and the terminal portion is fixed by being rotated according to the rotation pitch. In each case, for each rotation pitch, the contact between the brush portion and the commutator and / or the electrical contact angle Has a configuration in which none as different changes.

[0008]

According to the structure of the commutator motor brush support device of the first aspect, since a plurality of locking portions are provided,
It is easy to change the position of the terminal to obtain an appropriate positional relationship between the brush and the commutator according to various usage conditions of the motor by selecting one of the locking portions facing the position of the terminal. Can be.

In addition, the pair of terminal portions are provided with respective brushes.
Part is shifted in the axial direction of the motor and supported.
That order, take the terminal unit asymmetrically with respect to the motor axis, since thereby change electrical contact angle, the rotation speed of the motor is changed.

According to the configuration of the brush support device of the commutator motor according to the second aspect, the terminal portions are provided with rotation corresponding to the rotation pitch because the locking portions overlap at a predetermined rotation pitch. When the brush portion is fixed, the brush portion is rotationally displaced in the direction of the spring bias, and the contact force and the electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator change.

[0011]

EXAMPLES The following printing of the commutator motor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2
The contact force between the brush portion and the commutator and / or
Alternatively, a configuration in which the electrical contact angle is changed and changed will be described.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a brush portion, which is formed in a strip shape from a springy plate material and has a connecting portion 1a at one end. This brush part 1
Becomes a cantilever spring when the connecting portion 1a is joined to a terminal portion to be described later by welding or the like. The spring characteristics are designed by appropriately selecting the span length, plate thickness, and plate width of the effective spring portion.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a terminal portion, which is formed in a round or polygonal rod shape, and a brush portion 1 is joined to one of the terminals, and the other is penetrated and fixed to a base described later. The terminal portion 2 is pressed into the base while positioning the brush portion 1 in a free state where no spring force is generated at a predetermined position.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a base, which is formed in a disk shape and is rotated in the center.
Bearing holding portion 3a which holds a bearing 5 for supporting one end of the child, a pair of locking portions 3b for supporting one end of the terminal portion 2, the engagement portion 3c for engaging with one of a cylindrical motor case 6 in the periphery Have. The locking portion 3b is a similar through hole smaller than the external shape of the cross section of the terminal portion 2 and has a motor shaft center, that is, a bearing holding portion 3a.
Are arranged side by side at a predetermined pitch on a tangent to an imaginary circle centered on the center axis of the pair, and the pair is arranged point-symmetrically. This pitch is determined and set from the variable amount of the contact force between the brush unit 1 and the commutator 7. If this is smaller than the hole diameter of the locking portion 3b, the adjacent locking portions 3b partially overlap.

When the terminal portion 2 is fixed to the locking portion 3b near the contact point between the imaginary circle and the tangent, the contact force between the brush portion 1 and the commutator 7 can be increased, and the contact force decreases as the distance from the contact point increases. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, a contact force according to the usage state of the motor can be obtained.

Next, a description based on a modification of the previous example in FIGS. Brush support for the commutator motor described above
Members that are substantially the same as those of the device are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 3 shows a modification of the locking portion 3b, in which a plurality of locking portions 3b are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the circumference of an imaginary circle centered on the central axis of the bearing holding portion 3a. I have. This pitch is
It is set so that the electrical contact angle between the brush part 1 and the commutator can be changed appropriately. If this is smaller than the hole diameter of the locking portion 3b, the adjacent locking portions 3b partially overlap. In this case, by appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, an appropriate electrical contact angle according to the use state of the motor can be obtained.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the locking portion 3b. A plurality of locking portions 3b are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the circumference of an imaginary circle centered on the central axis of the bearing holding portion 3a and in the radial direction. Has been established. This pitch is set so that the electrical contact angle and contact force between the brush portion 1 and the commutator can be changed as appropriate. This one is
By appropriately selecting the locking portion 3b to which the terminal portion 2 is fixed, a proper electric contact angle and a proper contact force according to the use state of the motor can be obtained at the same time.

[0019] Next, a description will be given of a first embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention in FIGS. 5 to 7. The main part of the present invention,
It is located on the terminal portion 8 and the locking portion 9a of the base 9. Members other than the main parts are the same as those of the brush support device of the commutator motor described above, so that substantially the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal portions 8 are formed as a pair, one of which is formed larger than the width of the brush portion 1 and the other is fixed to the locking portion 9a after the brush portion 1 is joined to each.

The locking portion 9a because it is strange Katachirei substantially similarly formed as shown in FIG. 3, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this case, the length of the terminal portion 8 is varied, and the brush portion 1 is varied in the direction of the motor axis, so that the terminal portion 8 can be taken asymmetrically with respect to the motor axis. By appropriately selecting the electrical contact angle, the rotation speed of the motor can be changed within a range of several tens of percent. Also, a pair of terminals
8 to the locking part 9a in the direction of the motor axis.
Terminal 8 is asymmetric with respect to the motor shaft center
To change the electrical contact angle.
The rotation speed of the data can be changed.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment according to claim 1.
In the example, the shorter terminal part 8 to which the brush part 1 is joined
Is added, and the two shorter terminal portions 8, 8 are fixed to the locking portions 9a at symmetric positions, respectively. When a voltage is applied between two shorter terminals having a symmetrical positional relationship, a normal operation, that is, a predetermined number of rotations is obtained, and a voltage is applied between the terminals having an asymmetrical positional relationship. Then, the number of rotations can be increased or decreased. For example, a product designed at two speeds can be handled only by a motor without using a reduction mechanism or an electric circuit.

Next , the commutator motor shown in FIGS.
Using a brush support device as an example, changing the rotation direction of the rotor
A configuration that can be used will be described. The brush support of this commutator motor
The essential parts of the holding device are at the terminal part 10 and the locking part 11a of the base 11. The members other than the main part are the rectifier shown in FIGS.
Since it is the same as the brush support device of the child motor , substantially the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal 10 is a commutator shown in FIGS.
It is formed in the same way as the brush support device of the motor.
1 and the other is fixed to the locking portion 11a while positioning the brush portion 1 in a free state where no spring force is generated at a predetermined position.

The engaging portion 11a, because it is substantially the same form as that shown in FIG. 1, the detailed description thereof is omitted.

In this embodiment, the fixing portion 11a formed on the tangent of an imaginary circle centered on the center axis of the bearing holding portion 11b, that is, the fixing position of the terminal portion 10, is appropriately selected so that the brush portion 1 is formed. By changing the position of contact with the commutator by approximately 180 degrees, the rotation direction of the rotor can be changed. For example, when rotating in the forward direction, the locking portion 11a where the brush portion 1 is set at the position indicated by the broken line when rotating in the reverse direction is selected. In this case, the frictional force generated between the commutator and the brush portion due to the rotation always acts in the direction in which the brush portion 1 is pulled, so that the fluctuation of the frictional force is reduced.

[0028] Next, a description will be given of a third embodiment according to claim 2 of the present invention in FIGS. 10 and 11. The essential parts of the present invention are the terminal portion 12 and the locking portion 13a of the base 13. The members other than the main part are the same as those of the commutator motor shown in FIGS.
Since it is the same as the child support device , substantially the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terminal portion 12 is formed in a rod shape, and the terminal portion 12 includes a brush portion.
1 has a connecting portion 12a to be joined, and the other has a non-circular fitting portion 12b at a place where the engaging portion 13a is fitted. The fitting portion 12b has an irregular shape with a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction.

The locking portion 13a is provided at a predetermined position on the base 13 in the same shape as or smaller than the fitting portion 12b.
Are formed by being superimposed at a predetermined rotation pitch with the center of rotation when rotating in the direction of spring bias. The locking portion 13a has the same shape as the fitting portion 12b in the case of a knurled shape as shown in FIG.

In this case, the fixing position of the terminal portion 12 with respect to the locking portion 13a can be selected in steps of a predetermined rotation pitch.

The third embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
It may be diverted to the terminal part 2 and the locking part 3b of the brush support device of the commutator motor . Further, the locking portion may be provided on a straight line or a curve other than the tangent line, the circumference, and the radial direction of the virtual circle.

[0033]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a brush supporting device for a commutator motor, wherein a plurality of locking portions allow a proper positional relationship between the brush portion and the commutator in accordance with a use state of the motor, that is, an electrical contact angle or contact. Since it is possible to select a locking portion where a force can be obtained, there is no need to change component parts and thereby make an investment.

In addition , since the pair of brush portions are supported by being displaced from each other in the direction of the motor shaft center, even if the terminal portions are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the motor shaft center , the pair of brush portions are mutually moved.
If the electrical contact angle is changed without interfering with the commutator and the electrical contact angle is changed, the rotation speed of the motor can be changed within a range of several tens of percent. Different numbers of motors can be made.

In the brush support device for a commutator motor according to the second aspect, the fixing position of the terminal portion with respect to the locking portion can be selected in steps of a predetermined rotation pitch, so that the terminal portion imparts an appropriate rotational displacement to the brush portion. In such a fixed position, an appropriate positional relationship between the brush portion and the commutator, that is, an electrical contact angle and a contact angle can be obtained in accordance with the use state of the motor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A and 1B show an example of a brush support device of a commutator motor, wherein FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a main part, and FIG.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a brush unit joined to a terminal unit.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a modification of the brush support device of the commutator motor .

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing another modified example of the brush support device of the commutator motor .

FIGS. 5A and 5B show a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are perspective views showing a terminal part and a brush part joined thereto, wherein FIG. 6A shows a shorter terminal part and FIG. 6B shows a longer terminal part.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing another example of the brush support device of the commutator motor .

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a rotation direction of a brush portion and a commutator.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the main part, similarly.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Brush section 2 Terminal section 3 Base 3b Lock section 8 Terminal section 9 Base 9a Lock section 10 Terminal section 11 Base 11a Lock section 12 Terminal section 12b Fitting section 13 Base 13a Lock section 14 Terminal section 15 Base 15a Lock section

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02K 5/14 H02K 13/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cantilever-shaped brush portion having a spring property for supplying power by contacting a commutator provided on a rotor, one end of which is connected to a root of a beam of the brush portion, and the other end is connected to an external power supply. A commutator motor brush support device comprising: a terminal portion to be fixed; and a base having a locking portion for fixing a part of the terminal portion and supporting the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator. Are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals, and in each case where a part of the terminal portion is fixed to each locking portion, the contact force and / or the electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator are changed differently. and Tsu names in so that, and a pair terminal portions, respectively
Supporting the brush part with its position shifted in the motor axis direction
Brush support device of the commutator motor, characterized in that it. 2. A cantilever-shaped brush portion having a spring property for supplying power by contacting a commutator provided on a rotor, one end of which is connected to a base of a beam of the brush portion, and the other end connected to an external power supply. And a base having a locking portion that fits and fixes a part of the terminal portion and supports the brush portion at a predetermined position with respect to the commutator, in a brush support device for a commutator motor. A non-circular fitting portion is formed where the terminal portion is fitted with the locking portion, and the locking portion has the same or similar shape as the fitting portion,
And when the brush portion is superimposed at a predetermined rotation pitch around the center of rotation when rotating the brush portion in the direction of the spring bias, and the terminal portion is fixed by being given rotation according to the rotation pitch. A brush support device for a commutator motor, wherein a contact portion and / or an electrical contact angle between the brush portion and the commutator is changed and changed for each rotation pitch.