JPH05306618A - Combustion chamber of diesel engine - Google Patents

Combustion chamber of diesel engine

Info

Publication number
JPH05306618A
JPH05306618A JP4135686A JP13568692A JPH05306618A JP H05306618 A JPH05306618 A JP H05306618A JP 4135686 A JP4135686 A JP 4135686A JP 13568692 A JP13568692 A JP 13568692A JP H05306618 A JPH05306618 A JP H05306618A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
combustion
side wall
fuel
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP4135686A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3426617B2 (en
Inventor
Akira Imamichi
晃 今道
Hiroshi Nakagawa
洋 中川
Yuji Oda
裕司 小田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP13568692A priority Critical patent/JP3426617B2/en
Publication of JPH05306618A publication Critical patent/JPH05306618A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3426617B2 publication Critical patent/JP3426617B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To hasten mixing with air to make complete combustion and to reduce NOX by making initial combustion progress with excessively dense mixture and injecting inert materials which are not directly related to combustion toward the fuel spray near the side wall of a combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:A center injection type direct injection diesel engine is recessedly provided with a combustion chamber 2 not forming air swirl at a nearly center on the top face of a piston 1. A fuel injection valve 4 having a plurality of injection holes of a cylinder head is arranged at the center of the combustion chamber 2. In the constitution mentioned above, a plurality of inert material injection valves 6a to 6d, which inject inert materials 7, which is not directly relate to combustion, at a position near the side wall of the combustion chamber 2 in the direction along the side wall face of the combustion chamber 2, are arranged. Fuel spray 5 progresses in a state that initial combustion is made with excessively dense air-fuel mixture. At the time when fuel spray 5 develops near the side wall of the combustion chamber 2, inert materials 7 is injected to hasten the mixing with air.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【０００１】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は直接噴射式ディーゼル機
関の燃焼装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion device for a direct injection diesel engine.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の燃焼
室及び燃料噴射弁の配置の代表例を図２〜３によって説
明する。図２は従来の直接噴射式ディーゼル燃焼装置の
上視図、図３は図２に対する縦断面図である。図におい
て１はピストン、２は燃焼室でピストン１の略中央に設
けられた略円筒形の凹みである。３はシリンダヘッド、
４は燃料噴射弁で複数の噴孔を有しシリンダヘッド３の
中央に前記噴孔を放射方向斜下に向けて設けられてい
る。５は燃料噴霧である。前記従来例の作用を説明す
る。ピストン１の圧縮行程上死点近くで燃料噴射弁４よ
り燃料噴霧５が噴射され燃料は自己着火して燃焼する。2. Description of the Related Art A typical example of the arrangement of a combustion chamber and a fuel injection valve of a conventional direct injection diesel engine will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 is a top view of a conventional direct injection diesel combustion device, and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a piston, and 2 is a combustion chamber, which is a substantially cylindrical recess provided substantially in the center of the piston 1. 3 is a cylinder head,
A fuel injection valve 4 has a plurality of injection holes and is provided in the center of the cylinder head 3 with the injection holes directed obliquely downward. 5 is a fuel spray. The operation of the conventional example will be described. The fuel spray 5 is injected from the fuel injection valve 4 near the top dead center of the compression stroke of the piston 1, and the fuel self-ignites and burns.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の直接噴射式ディ
ーゼル機関では燃料噴射弁から噴射された燃料噴霧は周
囲の空気流動のエネルギと噴霧運動エネルギとの相互作
用により混合を活発に行いながら燃焼していくが燃焼過
程が進むにつれて燃焼室内の酸素濃度が低下していき燃
焼室壁面近傍に達した段階即ち燃焼後期においては燃料
噴射の終了に伴う噴霧運動エネルギの低下及び残存酸素
濃度の低下により混合速度が極端に低下するため燃焼が
悪化し、ひいては煙の排出をまねくとともに燃焼効率自
体も向上に限界がある。本発明の目的は前記不具合を解
消し煙の排出を抑制でき且燃焼効率のよい直接噴射式デ
ィーゼル機関の燃焼装置を提供することである。In the conventional direct injection type diesel engine, the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve burns while actively mixing due to the interaction between the energy of the surrounding air flow and the spray kinetic energy. However, as the combustion process progresses, the oxygen concentration in the combustion chamber decreases and reaches the vicinity of the wall surface of the combustion chamber, that is, in the latter stage of combustion, the kinetic energy of the atomization and the residual oxygen concentration decrease with the end of fuel injection. Combustion deteriorates due to extremely low speed, which eventually leads to smoke emission and limits the improvement of combustion efficiency itself. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion device for a direct injection diesel engine which solves the above-mentioned problems and can suppress smoke emission and has high combustion efficiency.

【０００４】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のディーゼル機関
の燃焼装置は、ピストン頂面のほぼ中央に凹設され空気
スワールを形成しない燃焼室を具えシリンダヘッドに取
付けられた複数の噴孔を有する燃料噴射弁が前記燃焼室
の中心に配設されたセンタインジェクション方式の直接
噴射式ディーゼル機関において、直接燃焼に関与しない
不活性物質を燃焼室側壁面近傍で側壁面に沿う方向に噴
射する噴射弁を有してなることを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A diesel engine combustion apparatus according to the present invention has a plurality of injection holes attached to a cylinder head, which has a combustion chamber that is recessed substantially at the center of the piston top surface and does not form an air swirl. In a center injection type direct injection diesel engine in which a fuel injection valve is arranged in the center of the combustion chamber, an injection valve for injecting an inert substance not directly involved in combustion in a direction along the side wall surface near the side wall surface of the combustion chamber. It is characterized by having.

【０００５】[0005]

【作用】燃料噴射弁の各噴孔から噴射された燃料噴霧は
燃焼室内に空気のスワールがないので噴霧への空気の導
入が抑制され、前記噴射された燃料の初期の燃焼が過濃
混合気の状態で進行するとともに燃焼室側壁面近傍に噴
霧が発達した時点においては、燃焼室側方部に配設され
た不活性物質の噴射弁から噴射された不活性物質の運動
エネルギが供給されるため空気との混合が急速に促進さ
れる。Since the fuel spray injected from each injection hole of the fuel injection valve has no air swirl in the combustion chamber, the introduction of air into the spray is suppressed, and the initial combustion of the injected fuel is a rich mixture. Kinetic energy of the inactive substance injected from the injection valve of the inactive substance arranged in the side portion of the combustion chamber is supplied at the time when the spray develops in the vicinity of the side wall surface of the combustion chamber Therefore, mixing with air is rapidly promoted.

【０００６】[0006]

【実施例】本発明の実施例を図１によって説明する。図
１は実施例の直接噴射式ディーゼル燃焼装置のシリンダ
内上視図である。図において１はピストン、２は燃焼室
でピストン１の頂面ほぼ中央部に設けられたほぼ円筒形
の凹みである。４は燃料噴射弁で８個の噴孔を放射方向
斜下向きに有しシリンダヘッドの中央に設けられてい
る。５は燃料噴霧である。６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃ，６ｄは何
れも不活性物質噴射弁でそれらの４個は一定方向に燃焼
室側壁面方向に向けて配設されている。７は不活性物質
で例えば窒素などである。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a top view of a cylinder of a direct injection diesel combustion device according to an embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a piston, and 2 denotes a combustion chamber, which is a substantially cylindrical recess provided in the central portion of the top surface of the piston 1. Reference numeral 4 denotes a fuel injection valve, which has eight injection holes arranged obliquely downward in the radial direction and is provided at the center of the cylinder head. 5 is a fuel spray. 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d are all inert substance injection valves, and four of them are arranged in a fixed direction toward the side wall surface of the combustion chamber. Reference numeral 7 is an inert substance such as nitrogen.

【０００７】前記実施例の作用を説明する。ピストン１
の圧縮行程上死点近くで燃料噴射弁４の各噴孔から燃料
噴霧５が噴射され、該燃料噴霧５は燃焼室側壁面へ放射
状に発達していくが燃焼室内に空気スワールがないた
め、前記噴射された燃料の初期の燃焼が過濃混合気の状
態で進行していく。さらに燃焼室側壁面近傍に噴霧が発
達した時点においては燃焼室側方部に配設された４個の
不活性物質噴射弁６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃ，６ｄより燃焼室側
壁面に沿う方向に噴射された不活性物質の運動エネルギ
が供給されるため乱れが生成されて空気との混合が促進
され最終的には完全燃焼がはかられる。The operation of the above embodiment will be described. Piston 1
The fuel spray 5 is injected from each injection hole of the fuel injection valve 4 near the top dead center of the compression stroke, and the fuel spray 5 develops radially toward the side wall surface of the combustion chamber, but since there is no air swirl in the combustion chamber, The initial combustion of the injected fuel proceeds in the state of the rich mixture. Further, when the spray develops near the side wall surface of the combustion chamber, it is injected in the direction along the side wall surface of the combustion chamber from the four inert material injection valves 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d arranged on the lateral side of the combustion chamber. Since the kinetic energy of the inert material is supplied, turbulence is generated, mixing with air is promoted, and finally complete combustion is achieved.

【０００８】[0008]

【発明の効果】本発明は前記のとおり構成されているの
で、燃焼室内へ燃料噴射弁から燃料を噴射することによ
り前記燃料の初期の燃焼が過濃混合気の状態で進行する
ためＮＯX の生成反応が抑制され、排気中のＮＯX を低
減できる。更に燃焼室壁面近傍に達した燃料噴霧は燃焼
室側壁面に沿う方向に噴射された不活性物質の運動エネ
ルギが供給されるため乱れが生成されて、空気との混合
が促進され短時間の完全燃焼がはかられ低ＮＯX 、低排
煙で高効率の燃焼が得られる。よって本発明は煙の排出
を抑制し且燃焼効率の良い直接噴射式ディーゼル機関の
燃焼装置を提供できる。Since the present invention is configured as described above, by injecting fuel from the fuel injection valve into the combustion chamber, the initial combustion of the fuel proceeds in the state of the rich air-fuel mixture, so that NO x The production reaction is suppressed, and NO x in the exhaust gas can be reduced. Further, the fuel spray that has reached the vicinity of the wall surface of the combustion chamber is supplied with the kinetic energy of the inactive substance injected in the direction along the side wall surface of the combustion chamber, so that turbulence is generated, mixing with air is promoted, and complete mixing in a short time is completed. Highly efficient combustion is achieved with low NO x emission and low smoke emission. Therefore, the present invention can provide a combustion device for a direct injection diesel engine that suppresses smoke emission and has high combustion efficiency.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図１】実施例の直接噴射式ディーゼル燃焼装置のシリ
ンダ内上視図。FIG. 1 is a top view of a cylinder of a direct injection diesel combustion device according to an embodiment.

【図２】従来例の直接噴射式ディーゼル燃焼装置のシリ
ンダ内上視図。FIG. 2 is a top view of a cylinder of a conventional direct injection diesel combustion device.

【図３】図２に対する縦断面図。FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view with respect to FIG.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１…ピストン、２…燃焼室、４…燃料噴射弁、５…燃料
噴霧、６ａ，６ｂ，６ｃ，６ｄ…不活性物質噴射弁、７
…不活性物質。1 ... Piston, 2 ... Combustion chamber, 4 ... Fuel injection valve, 5 ... Fuel spray, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d ... Inert substance injection valve, 7
… Inactive substances.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 ピストン（１）頂面のほぼ中央に凹設さ
れた空気スワールを形成しない燃焼室（２）を具え、シ
リンダヘッド（３）に取付けられた複数の噴孔を有する
燃料噴射弁（４）が前記燃焼室の中心に配設されたセン
タインジェクション方式の直接噴射式ディーゼル機関に
おいて、直接燃焼に関与しない不活性物質（７）を燃焼
室側壁面近傍で側壁面に沿う方向に噴射する噴射弁をシ
リンダヘッドに有してなるディーゼル機関の燃焼装置。1. A fuel injection valve having a plurality of injection holes attached to a cylinder head (3), which comprises a combustion chamber (2) which does not form an air swirl and is formed in the center of the top surface of the piston (1). (4) In a center injection type direct injection diesel engine arranged in the center of the combustion chamber, an inactive substance (7) not involved in direct combustion is injected in the vicinity of the side wall of the combustion chamber in a direction along the side wall. Combustion device for a diesel engine, which has an injection valve in the cylinder head.
JP13568692A 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Diesel engine combustion equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3426617B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13568692A JP3426617B2 (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Diesel engine combustion equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13568692A JP3426617B2 (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Diesel engine combustion equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05306618A true JPH05306618A (en) 1993-11-19
JP3426617B2 JP3426617B2 (en) 2003-07-14

Family

ID=15157547

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13568692A Expired - Fee Related JP3426617B2 (en) 1992-04-30 1992-04-30 Diesel engine combustion equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3426617B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896273A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2007-07-20 Renault Sas High-pressure gas injector for internal combustion engine has gas jet activator operated during second half of compression cycle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896273A1 (en) * 2006-01-18 2007-07-20 Renault Sas High-pressure gas injector for internal combustion engine has gas jet activator operated during second half of compression cycle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3426617B2 (en) 2003-07-14

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