JPH05294803A - Smoking agent composition and smoking method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a smoking agent composition excellent in diffusibility of a chemical and odor of generating gas and excellent also in production cost and safety in production by providing a property for continuing self-combustion to azodicarbon amide. CONSTITUTION:The objective smoking agent composition consists of 2-20wt.% one or more kinds of exterminators for noxious organisms, 50-90wt.% azodicarbonamide and 5-30wt.% zinc oxide. The objective smoking method is characterized by smoking this smoking agent composition using a proper ignition tool. Proper property for continuing self combustion is provided to azodicarbonamide by adding zinc oxide to azodicarbonamide at a proper blend ratio. Thereby, strength of combustion is retained to a proper level and volatilization ratio of noxious organisms exterminator to air is improved and offensive smell can also be suppressed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a smoking agent composition for controlling pests and a smoking method using the composition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a smoking agent composition for exterminating pests, one or more pest exterminating agents are provided with an oxidizing agent such as potassium chlorate or ammonium nitrate, and flammability such as lactose or wood flour. Various compositions in which an exothermic agent consisting of a substance is added and mixed have been devised. Further, a smoking agent composition using dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (DPT), guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine or nitrocellulose as an exothermic agent has been developed and put into practical use.

[0003] These smoking agent compositions can easily start smoking by directly heating a part of the formulation using a match, a lighter or a dedicated ignition device.
Once smoked, no further heat supply from outside is required. This is because the heat (combustion heat) generated from the composition due to the smoke causes the undecomposed smoke agent composition to smoke.

However, the smoke agent composition having such self-combustion (decomposition) continuity has the following drawbacks.
That is, the raw materials of these smoking agents compositions are highly dangerous to fire and the like, and it is necessary to take safety into consideration when handling them and manufacturing the smoking agents. Therefore, the production cost becomes high. In addition, there is a problem that the gas generated when these products are used has an offensive odor.

Further, various types of fumigants or fumigants containing azodicarbonamide as an exothermic agent have been conventionally researched and developed. Azodicarbonamide is an organic foaming agent having self-extinguishing property as is well known, and even if a part of the preparation is heated by a heat source such as a match flame or the above-mentioned igniter to start a thermal decomposition reaction, heat is generated from the outside. If the supply of is interrupted, it has the property of stopping the thermal decomposition reaction.

Therefore, in the smoking agent containing azodicarbonamide, a large amount of heat is generated by decomposition of dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, nitrocellulose, etc., and a substance having self-combustion continuity is mixed with azodicarbonamide. It was used as a heat generating agent (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-28022). However, these products also have problems in safety during manufacture and odor of smoke gas for the same reason as above.

Further, conventionally, a composition containing azodicarbonamide as a main exothermic agent is heated by applying a large amount of heat from the surroundings to forcibly decompose the azodicarbonamide,
Methods for fumigation have also been devised. As a heat source in this case, a method using reaction heat of calcium oxide and water has been devised, and one using calcium oxide in an amount 10 times or more the weight of the fumigant composition has been used (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-59-
49201). However, in such a conventional fumigation method, the fumigation chemical composition is given a large amount of heat from the surroundings until the fumigation is completed, and the fumigation chemical composition residue after the fumigation is also heated by the residual heat of the heating tool. It was a thing. As a result, azodicarbonamide was decomposed by heating more than necessary, a large amount of ammonia gas was generated, and there was a problem in odor and toxicity of fumigation gas.

Furthermore, since azodicarbonamide is originally a substance having a self-extinguishing property, the rate of thermal decomposition itself of azodicarbonamide is slow even if a heating tool that generates a large amount of heat is used, and therefore pests The release rate of the exterminating drug into the space was slow and the diffusivity of the drug inside the room was low. Further, since the heating tool needs to generate a large amount of heat, its shape is large and expensive, and there is a problem in economical efficiency.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is excellent in diffusivity of chemicals and odor of generated gas, and also in manufacturing cost and safety in manufacturing. A smoker composition and a smoke method are provided.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has a high risk in the prior art, and does not require addition of a self-combustion continuity substance such as dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine which produces an offensive odor during use, that is, smoke, and a large amount. A self-combustion continuous smoking agent, which uses azodicarbonamide, which is capable of smoking, as a main exothermic agent without requiring a heating tool to generate heat, was investigated. As a result, the inventors of the present invention have found that a composition obtained by mixing azodicarbonamide, zinc oxide, a pest control agent and the like in a certain range of ratio has self-combustion continuity and a small amount of heat By combining with an igniter that generates
It was found that smoking can be done just by heating a part of the preparation, and the rate of volatilization of the pest control agent into the air is good, and there is no problem such as offensive odor in the gas generated during smoking. It was

The gist of the present invention is 2
From 1% to 20% by weight of one or more pesticides, 50% to 90% by weight of azodicarbonamide, and 5% to 30% of zinc oxide by weight. A characteristic smoking agent composition and a method for smoking the same.

[0012]

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an igniter made of silicon iron and a metal oxide and an igniter made of calcium oxide are used as the igniter for smoking the above smoke agent composition. .. Although it is not necessary to include flammable substances such as lactose and wood flour in the exothermic agent combined with the smoke agent composition of the present invention, if necessary, these flammable substances may be included in the smoke agent. The smoke effect of the composition can be further enhanced.

[Preferred Embodiment] As the pest controlling agent in the present invention, various kinds of agents such as insecticides and bactericides can be used according to the purpose. For example, as insecticides, pyrethroids such as permethrin, allethrin, resmethrin, cyphenothrin, praresulin and phenothrin, and organophosphorus drugs such as fenitrothion and dichlorvos (DDV)
P), diazinon, tocthione, vitex, and the like, and carbamate drugs such as bigon and methoxadiazone can be exemplified. Examples of fungicides include those used for agricultural chemicals such as isophthalonitrile, procymidone, bayletone and morestan, as well as those for environmental hygiene such as siabendazole, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate (IPBC) and IF-1000. You can

The content of the pest controlling agent in the present invention is 2% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less based on the total weight of the smoke agent composition. The pest controlling agent is not limited to one type, and it is possible to include two or more types. If the content is less than 2% by weight, the amount of smoked smoke increases in practical situations, causing problems in economy and odor, which is not preferable. on the other hand,
When the content is 20% by weight or more, the smoking speed becomes slow due to heat absorption due to the volatilization of the pest control agent,
In addition, the volatilization rate of the active ingredient is low, and if it is remarkable, continuity of self-decomposition is impaired and the smoke performance is deteriorated.

The content of azodicarbonamide in the present invention is 50% by weight or more and 90% by weight based on the total weight of the smoke agent composition.
It is less than or equal to weight%. When this content is less than 50% by weight, the volatilization rate of the pest controlling agent is low due to insufficient heat quantity, and when it is remarkable, the self-decomposition continuity may be impaired.

The content of zinc oxide in the present invention is 5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. In the present invention, when the content of zinc oxide exceeds 30% by weight, inconveniences such as scattering of contents occur, and the volatilization rate of the active ingredient is low.
Further, if it is less than 5% by weight, even if the volatilization rate is good, the surroundings may be contaminated due to the ejection and scattering of the contents.
The performance as a smoking agent cannot be satisfied.

Further, the smoke agent composition of the present invention contains 25% by weight.
Below, preferably 5 to 20% by weight of clay, kaolin,
By adding inorganic mineral substances such as talc and diatomaceous earth, the volatilization rate is improved and the generation of ammonia is also suppressed.

The igniter to be combined with the smoking agent composition of the present invention comprises, as a heating agent, any one of oxidizing agents such as potassium chlorate, potassium nitrate, lead oxide, iron oxide and copper oxide, and reducing agents such as sugar, silicon and iron. , A mixture of silicon iron, aluminum, etc., and calcium oxide can be exemplified. A combination of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent uses combustion heat by combustion, and in the case of calcium oxide, heat of reaction with water is used.

In the present invention, since the smoke agent composition has self-combustion continuity, an igniter which heats a portion of the granules to generate heat enough to initiate smoke is sufficient.

Examples of the metal oxide of the igniter in which the heat generating agent in the present invention is composed of silicon iron and a metal oxide include iron oxide, copper oxide, lead oxide, and the like, and these heat generating agents include a metal container and a ceramic. It can be used by filling it in a container.

An igniter in which the heat generating agent used in the preferred embodiment is composed of silicon iron and metal oxide is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 64-78.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 16, when the present smoke agent composition is used in combination with the igniter, a more excellent effect on smoke performance is obtained. A composition composed of silicon iron and a metal oxide burns in a very short time after ignition to generate high heat and does not generate a toxic gas. In addition, it is possible to smoke a part of the present smoke agent composition without heating the entire smoke agent composition, and therefore, decomposition of azodicarbonamide does not occur more than necessary, and a main offensive odor occurs. Generation of ammonia, which is the cause, is suppressed.

The smoke agent composition of the present invention can be used in any form such as powder, granules and tablets, but granules are excellent in handling. Further, the smoke agent composition of the present invention,
Additives such as commonly used carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and other binders and fragrances, potency enhancers such as piperonyl butoxide and S-421, and antioxidants such as BHT and tocopherol. Can be appropriately mixed. Further, it is possible to mix a sublimable substance or a substance which generates nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas by thermal decomposition for the purpose of controlling the smoke state.

[Examples] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples and Test Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

Smoke agent compositions having the formulations shown in Tables 1, 3, 5, and 7 were produced. In the production of these, each prescribed component was weighed in a predetermined amount, placed in a raider machine, and mixed and stirred. When the dosage form was a powder, this mixed and stirred powder was used as it was as a sample. As for the granules, after mixing and stirring, water was added and kneaded, granulated using a granulator having a die diameter of 3 mm, and dried to obtain a sample.

In addition, Example 10 and Comparative Example 5 were carried out by a method of heating the preparation from the surroundings by an igniter using calcium oxide as an exothermic agent. In the other Examples and Comparative Examples, the exothermic agent was silicon. An igniter consisting of iron and metal oxide was used.

Test Example 1 The following tests were carried out using the compositions having the formulations shown in Table 1 as samples. Table 2 shows the test results (Example Nos. 1 to 5 and Comparative Example Nos. 1 to 4).

In the smoky state test, first, a problematic smoke agent such as the scattering of contents during smoking was regarded as abnormal, and a problem-free smoker was regarded as normal.

The volatilization rate of the active ingredient was obtained as follows. Smoke the sample in a room with an internal volume of 6380 (l),
After stirring the room air with a fan, the room air
(1) is passed through a glass tube filled with silica gel for chromatography using a vacuum pump to adsorb the active ingredient on silica gel. Then, elute the active ingredient with acetone,
The amount of the active ingredient (A) in the collected indoor air is determined by collecting and quantifying by gas chromatography. On the other hand, the amount (B) of the active ingredient in the sample is determined by a gas chromatography method in the usual way. From these values, the volatilization rate was calculated by the following formula.

[0029]

[Equation 1]

[0030]

[Table 1]

[0031]

[Table 2]

As described above, when the pest controlling agent is 20% by weight or more, the volatilization rate of the active ingredient is low, and when zinc oxide exceeds 30% by weight, inconvenience such as scattering of contents occurs. Or, the volatilization rate of the active ingredient is low. Further, if it is less than 5% by weight, even if the volatilization rate is good, the surroundings may be contaminated due to the ejection and scattering of the contents, and the performance as a smoke agent cannot be satisfied.

Abnormality (scattering of contents) was abbreviated in Comparative Example 1 of Table 2 as a phenomenon in which the chemical agent as the contents was scattered along with the rising of smoke. In addition, what is abbreviated as "abnormality (spraying out of contents) in Comparative Example 3" means not only the scattering of contents in Comparative Example 1 but also a phenomenon in which a solution-form drug is bubbled like bubbles from the ejection port.

[Test Example 2] In the same manner as in Test Example 1, the following test was conducted. The ammonia gas concentration was measured by smoking the sample in a 6-tatami mat test room and using a Kitagawa gas detector tube after smoking. Table 3 shows examples of smoking agent composition formulation, and Table 4 shows the test results (Example Nos. 6 to 8).
Indicates.

[0035]

[Table 3]

[0036]

[Table 4]

By adding an inorganic mineral substance such as kaolin in the formulation, the volatilization rate of the active ingredient is improved and the amount of ammonia generated is suppressed.

[Test Example 3] In the same manner as in Test Example 2, the following test was conducted. Example 10 and Comparative Example 5 were carried out by a method of heating the formulation from the surroundings by an igniter using calcium oxide as an exothermic agent. In Example 9, the exothermic agent was 27 parts by weight of silicon iron and a metal oxide (second oxide). Iron, Fe ₂ O ₃ )
An igniter composed of 73 parts by weight was used. Table 5 shows a formulation example of the smoke agent composition, and Table 6 shows the test results (Example Nos. 9, 10 and Comparative Example 5).

[0039]

[Table 5]

[0040]

[Table 6]

As described above, in the method of heating the preparation from the surroundings by the igniter using calcium oxide as the exothermic agent, the composition containing zinc oxide has better volatility and ammonia concentration. Further, by using the igniter in which the heat generating agent is composed of silicon iron and metal oxide, a better smoke performance can be obtained.

[Test Example 4] The following test was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 2. Table 7 shows a formulation example of the smoke agent composition, and Table 8 shows the test results (Example Nos. 8 to 11).

[0043]

[Table 7]

[0044]

[Table 8]

As described above, according to the present invention, various active ingredients can be smoked.

[Examples 15 and 16] A smoking agent composition according to the present invention was prepared according to the following formulation, and the active ingredient volatilization rate was measured according to the test method described in Test Example 1. The effect was recognized. Although the ammonia concentration was not measured, almost no ammonia odor or other offensive odor was observed, and even the necessity of measuring the ammonia concentration was not recognized.

Example 15

Example 16

[0049]

As described above, the smoking agent composition and the smoking method of the present invention use the azodicarbonamide having self-extinguishing property, but the oxidation is carried out at a specific blending ratio. By adding zinc, it has a suitable self-combustion continuity. In addition, since the combustion intensity is maintained at an appropriate level, the rate of volatilization of each component of the pest control agent into the air is extremely good, and there are no abnormalities such as the scattering of contents or the scattering of contents. The smoke effect is persistent over time. Further, it also suppresses an unpleasant offensive odor including an ammonia odor, and is practically used and exhibits a remarkable effect.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. At least 2% by weight and at most 20% by weight of one or more pesticides, at least 50% by weight and at most 90% by weight of azodicarbonamide, and at least 5% by weight of 30
A smoke agent composition comprising a zinc oxide in an amount of not more than wt%. 2. A smoking method, wherein the exothermic agent contained in the igniter for smoking the smoking agent composition according to claim 1 is composed of silicon iron and a metal oxide.