JPH05271810A - Method for melting metal - Google Patents
Method for melting metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05271810A JPH05271810A JP4074413A JP7441392A JPH05271810A JP H05271810 A JPH05271810 A JP H05271810A JP 4074413 A JP4074413 A JP 4074413A JP 7441392 A JP7441392 A JP 7441392A JP H05271810 A JPH05271810 A JP H05271810A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- melting
- combustion
- oxygen
- pulverized coal
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、微粉炭を燃料とした酸
素バーナーによって金属を熔融する金属の熔融方法に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal melting method for melting a metal with an oxygen burner using pulverized coal as a fuel.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】金属，特に融点の高い鉄スクラップを熔
融するには、主としてアークを利用した電気炉が使用さ
れていることは周知である。電気炉は高温が得られ易
く、炉内雰囲気を酸化、還元のいずれの状態にも自由に
調節できるので、熔融後の製練操業に適している等の特
徴があるが、スクラップの熔融にバラツキが生じ易い欠
点もある。このため近時は酸素燃焼バーナーが併用して
用いられ、熔融の促進を図っている。2. Description of the Related Art It is well known that an electric furnace utilizing an arc is mainly used for melting metal, particularly iron scrap having a high melting point. Electric furnaces can easily obtain high temperatures, and the atmosphere inside the furnace can be freely adjusted to either oxidation or reduction, so it has characteristics such as being suitable for kneading operations after melting, but there are variations in scrap melting. There is also a drawback that is likely to occur. For this reason, recently, an oxygen combustion burner is also used together to promote fusion.
【０００３】また、炉の熔湯内に酸素を吹き込むことに
より酸化反応を生じさせ、反応熱によって熔融促進化を
図る方法も行われている。Further, a method has also been used in which oxygen is blown into the molten metal of a furnace to cause an oxidation reaction and the reaction heat promotes melting.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、電気炉を利用
した熔融方法は、高温が得られ易く、温度の調整が容易
である等の利点があるが、コールドスポットが生ずる
他、エネルギーを電力に頼らざるを得ない欠点がある。
また、酸素−燃料バーナーを併用する方法も、全体のエ
ネルギーの６０〜８０％は電力エネルギーによるもので
あり、周知のように電力は発電効率，熔融効率等を統合
した場合のエネルギー効率は約２０〜２５％に過ぎな
い。しかも地球環境で問題視されている炭酸ガスの発生
を考慮すると、重油発電で得られた電力を使用してスク
ラップ／ｔを熔融すると約１５０ｍ3 の炭酸ガスが発生
することから、その対応は不可欠である。However, the melting method using an electric furnace has the advantages that a high temperature is easily obtained and the temperature can be easily adjusted. There is a drawback that we cannot but rely on.
Also, in the method of using an oxygen-fuel burner together, 60-80% of the total energy is due to electric power energy, and as is well known, electric power has an energy efficiency of about 20 when power generation efficiency, melting efficiency, etc. are integrated. Only ~ 25%. In addition, considering the generation of carbon dioxide gas, which is regarded as a problem in the global environment, about 150 m 3 of carbon dioxide gas is generated when the scrap / t is melted using the electric power obtained from the heavy oil power generation. Is.
【０００５】次に、酸素インジエクションによる方法
は、電力を使用しないことから上記欠点は解消される
が、その熔融方法が熔湯中に酸素，微粉炭，コークスを
投入し、酸化反応により熔融するものであるから、原料
金属の熔融には、常に熔融炉に熔湯を残留させておかな
ければならない。これは連続的に熔融を行う場合はよい
が、バッチ方式で操業する場合、あるいは間欠的な操業
が要求される場合は、全量出鋼できず当然生産性が悪く
なる。Next, the oxygen injection method eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks because it does not use electric power, but its melting method is to add oxygen, pulverized coal, and coke into the molten metal, and melt it by an oxidation reaction. Therefore, when melting the raw material metal, the molten metal must always be left in the melting furnace. This is preferable for continuous melting, but when operating in a batch system or when intermittent operation is required, the entire amount cannot be tapped and the productivity naturally deteriorates.
【０００６】そこで、近時微粉炭を代替燃料とするバー
ナーが開発されているが、重油等他の燃料に比して燃焼
性に難点がある。Therefore, a burner using pulverized coal as an alternative fuel has been developed recently, but it has a problem in combustibility as compared with other fuels such as heavy oil.
【０００７】本発明は、このようなことから微粉炭を燃
料とした酸素バーナーによって直接金属，特に融点の高
い鉄スクラップをも熔融することのできる金属の熔融方
法の提供を目的としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention has an object to provide a metal melting method capable of directly melting a metal, particularly iron scrap having a high melting point, by an oxygen burner using pulverized coal as a fuel.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め本発明は、複数基の熔融炉にて、純度６０〜１００％
の酸素を支燃性ガスとし、微粉炭を燃料とするバーナー
の燃焼火炎で金属原料を直接熔融すると共に、少なくと
も各熔融炉のいずれかより排出される燃焼ガスを共通の
熱交換器に導入して前記支燃性酸素ガスを加熱せしめる
ことを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a purity of 60 to 100% in a plurality of melting furnaces.
Oxygen is used as the combustion-supporting gas, and the metal raw material is directly melted by the combustion flame of a burner that uses pulverized coal as a fuel, and at the same time, the combustion gas discharged from at least one of the melting furnaces is introduced into a common heat exchanger. The above-mentioned combustion-supporting oxygen gas is heated.
【０００９】[0009]
【作 用】上述したように本発明による金属の熔融方法
は、微粉炭を燃料とした酸素バーナー火炎によって、金
属原料を直接熔融できるようにしたので、エネルギー効
率が高い。しかも複数基の熔融炉で操業する場合、各炉
共通の熱交換器へ常に燃焼ガスが導入されるので、バッ
チ操業によっても支燃性酸素ガスは加熱されて酸素バー
ナーに供給できる。[Operation] As described above, the metal melting method according to the present invention has a high energy efficiency because the metal raw material can be directly melted by the oxygen burner flame using pulverized coal as a fuel. Moreover, when operating in a plurality of melting furnaces, the combustion gas is always introduced into the heat exchanger common to all the furnaces, and thus the combustion-supporting oxygen gas can be heated and supplied to the oxygen burner even in batch operation.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下図によって本発明の一実施例を説明する
と、熔融炉１ａ，１ｂには、投入口２ａ，２ｂよりそれ
ぞれ金属原料が投入される。また、熔融炉１ａ，１ｂに
は、微粉炭−酸素バーナー３ａ，３ｂがそれぞれに装着
されており、管４ａ，４ｂを介して燃料の微粉炭が、管
５ａ，５ｂを介して支燃性酸素ガスがそれぞれ供給され
て燃焼する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Metal raw materials are charged into the melting furnaces 1a and 1b through charging ports 2a and 2b, respectively. Further, pulverized coal-oxygen burners 3a and 3b are installed in the melting furnaces 1a and 1b, respectively, and pulverized coal of fuel is supplied to the melting furnaces 1a and 1b through the pipes 4a and 4b. Each gas is supplied and burns.
【００１１】熔融炉１ａ，１ｂ内で生成された１，６０
０℃以上の燃焼ガスは、管６ａ，６ｂに導出され、それ
ぞれ弁７ａ，７ｂを経て共通の熱交換器８内を流れた
後、管９から導出し、除塵，冷却等周知の処理をされて
排気される。尚、この排気ガスの一部を前記管４ａ，４
ｂにより供給される微粉炭燃料の搬送用ガスとして使用
することもできる。1,60 produced in the melting furnaces 1a, 1b
The combustion gas of 0 ° C. or higher is discharged to the pipes 6a and 6b, flows through the common heat exchanger 8 via the valves 7a and 7b, respectively, and then is discharged from the pipe 9 to undergo well-known treatments such as dust removal and cooling. Exhausted. In addition, a part of this exhaust gas is used for the pipes 4a, 4
It can also be used as a carrier gas for the pulverized coal fuel supplied by b.
【００１２】支燃性酸素ガスは、管１０を介して熱交換
器８内に供給され、前記管６ａ，６ｂを介して該熱交換
器８内に導入された燃焼ガスと熱交換して加温されて管
１１に導出し、弁１２ａ，１２ｂを経て管５ａ，５ｂよ
りそれぞれ微粉炭−酸素バーナー３ａ，３ｂに供給され
る。The combustion-supporting oxygen gas is supplied into the heat exchanger 8 through the pipe 10 and exchanges heat with the combustion gas introduced into the heat exchanger 8 through the pipes 6a and 6b. After being heated, it is led to the pipe 11, and is supplied to the pulverized coal-oxygen burners 3a and 3b through the pipes 5a and 5b through the valves 12a and 12b, respectively.
【００１３】以上の構成において、いま、熔融炉１ａが
操業中で、熔融炉１ｂが休業中である場合は、弁７ａ，
１２ａが開き、弁７ｂ，１２ｂが閉じられ、したがっ
て、熔融炉１ａ内の燃焼ガスは、管６ａ，弁７ａを経て
熱交換器８に導入され、ついで管９より排出される。一
方、支燃性酸素ガスは、管１０より熱交換器８で所望温
度、例えば４００〜８００℃に加温され、管１１，弁１
２ａ，管５ａを経て微粉炭−酸素バーナー３ａに供給さ
れ、管４ａより供給される微粉炭を燃焼する。With the above construction, when the melting furnace 1a is in operation and the melting furnace 1b is closed, the valves 7a,
12a is opened and valves 7b and 12b are closed. Therefore, the combustion gas in the melting furnace 1a is introduced into the heat exchanger 8 via the pipe 6a and the valve 7a, and then discharged from the pipe 9. On the other hand, the combustion-supporting oxygen gas is heated by the heat exchanger 8 from the pipe 10 to a desired temperature, for example, 400 to 800 ° C., and the pipe 11 and the valve 1
The pulverized coal supplied to the pulverized coal-oxygen burner 3a via the pipe 2a and the pipe 5a and supplied from the pipe 4a is burned.
【００１４】熔融炉１ａの熔融操作が終了する前、即ち
熔融炉１ａの燃焼ガスが熱交換器８に送られている状態
で熔融炉２ｂの操業を開始する。即ち弁１２ｂを開にし
て微粉炭−酸素バーナー３ｂに予熱された酸素ガスを供
給すると共に、管４ｂより微粉炭を供給して微粉炭−酸
素バーナー３ｂを燃焼させる。ついで管７ｂを開にして
熔融炉１ｂ内の燃焼ガスを熱交換器８に送入するが、こ
の状態になったとき、熔融炉１ａの操業が終了するよう
両熔融炉１ａ，１ｂの操業を熱交換器８に常に燃焼ガス
が導入されるようスイングする。Before the melting operation of the melting furnace 1a is completed, that is, the combustion gas of the melting furnace 1a is being sent to the heat exchanger 8, the operation of the melting furnace 2b is started. That is, the valve 12b is opened to supply the preheated oxygen gas to the pulverized coal-oxygen burner 3b, and the pulverized coal is supplied from the pipe 4b to burn the pulverized coal-oxygen burner 3b. Then, the pipe 7b is opened and the combustion gas in the melting furnace 1b is fed into the heat exchanger 8. When this state is reached, the operations of both melting furnaces 1a and 1b are terminated so that the operation of the melting furnace 1a is completed. The heat exchanger 8 is swung so that the combustion gas is always introduced.
【００１５】以上の説明において、例えば、金属の溶融
作業を予熱工程、溶融工程とすると、熔融炉１ａが溶融
工程にあるとき、熔融炉１ｂが予熱工程に入る。ついで
熔融炉１ａが溶融工程を終了したとき、熔融炉１ｂが溶
融工程にあり、この間熔融炉１ａが予熱工程に入るよう
切替操業する。In the above description, for example, when the metal melting operation is the preheating step and the melting step, when the melting furnace 1a is in the melting step, the melting furnace 1b enters the preheating step. Then, when the melting furnace 1a finishes the melting process, the melting furnace 1b is in the melting process, and during this time, the melting furnace 1a is switched and operated so as to enter the preheating process.
【００１６】本発明者等の知見によると、微粉炭１５０
Ｋｇ／ｈ，酸素２２５Ｎｍ3 ／ｈの微粉炭−酸素バーナ
ーによって支燃性酸素ガスの温度約７００℃で燃焼させ
ると、２，０００℃以上の燃焼温度が得られた。According to the knowledge of the present inventors, pulverized coal 150
Combustion was carried out at a temperature of the combustion-supporting oxygen gas of about 700 ° C. by a pulverized coal-oxygen burner of Kg / h and oxygen of 225 Nm 3 / h, and a combustion temperature of 2,000 ° C. or higher was obtained.
【００１７】また、使用される支燃性酸素ガス純度と鉄
スクラップの熔融効率との関係は、純度６０％の酸素ガ
スの場合約３５％，８０％で約４５％，１００％で約４
７％の効率が得られ５０％以下の場合は効果が低かっ
た。Further, the relationship between the purity of the combustion-supporting oxygen gas used and the melting efficiency of iron scrap is about 35%, about 80%, about 45%, and about 100% about 4 for oxygen gas with a purity of 60%.
The efficiency was 7%, and the effect was low when the efficiency was 50% or less.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明に係る金属の熔融方
法は、純度６０〜１００％の酸素を支燃性ガスとし、微
粉炭を燃料とするバーナーによって直接金属を熔融する
ようにしたので熱効率が高くなる利点がある。殊に鉄ス
クラップの熔融にも適用できるので、従来の如く電力に
よる方法に比し、効果が高い。As described above, in the metal melting method according to the present invention, oxygen having a purity of 60 to 100% is used as a combustion-supporting gas, and the metal is directly melted by a burner using pulverized coal as a fuel. There is an advantage that the thermal efficiency is high. In particular, since it can be applied to melting of iron scrap, it is more effective than the conventional method using electric power.
【００１９】また、通常鉄スクラップの熔融では、バッ
チ操業であるが、本発明方法によれば、複数基の熔融炉
で操業する場合、各熔融炉共通の熱交換器へ常に燃焼ガ
スが導入して支燃性酸素ガスを予熱するので、燃焼ガス
のエネルギーを有効に利用でき、支燃性酸素ガスの予熱
源を別途に設ける必要がない。Further, although melting of iron scrap is usually a batch operation, according to the method of the present invention, when operating in a plurality of melting furnaces, the combustion gas is always introduced into the heat exchanger common to each melting furnace. Since the combustion-supporting oxygen gas is preheated, the energy of the combustion gas can be effectively used, and it is not necessary to separately provide a preheating source for the combustion-supporting oxygen gas.
【図１】 本発明方法の一実施例を説明するための系統
図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram for explaining one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
１ａ，１ｂ…熔融炉、３ａ，３ｂ…微粉炭−酸素バーナ
ー、８…熱交換器1a, 1b ... Melting furnace, 3a, 3b ... Pulverized coal-oxygen burner, 8 ... Heat exchanger
Claims (1)
％の酸素を支燃性ガスとし、微粉炭を燃料とするバーナ
ーの燃焼火炎で金属原料を直接熔融すると共に、少なく
とも各熔融炉のいずれかより排出される燃焼ガスを共通
の熱交換器に導入して前記支燃性酸素ガスを加熱せしめ
ることを特徴とする金属の熔融方法。1. A purity of 60 to 100 in a plurality of melting furnaces.
% Of oxygen as a combustion-supporting gas and the combustion flame of a burner that uses pulverized coal as a fuel to directly melt the metal raw material, and at the same time introduce the combustion gas discharged from at least one of the melting furnaces into a common heat exchanger. And a method of melting metal, characterized in that the supporting oxygen gas is heated.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4074413A JPH05271810A (en) | 1992-03-30 | 1992-03-30 | Method for melting metal |
| EP93105063A EP0563828B1 (en) | 1992-03-27 | 1993-03-26 | Method of melting metals |
| DE69327356T DE69327356T2 (en) | 1992-03-27 | 1993-03-26 | Melting process for metals |
| US08/037,167 US5395423A (en) | 1992-03-27 | 1993-03-26 | Method of melting metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4074413A JPH05271810A (en) | 1992-03-30 | 1992-03-30 | Method for melting metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05271810A true JPH05271810A (en) | 1993-10-19 |
Family
ID=13546487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4074413A Pending JPH05271810A (en) | 1992-03-27 | 1992-03-30 | Method for melting metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05271810A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115325835A (en) * | 2022-08-13 | 2022-11-11 | 长春工业大学 | Argon-oxygen supply control equipment for refining ferrochrome and use method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-03-30 JP JP4074413A patent/JPH05271810A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115325835A (en) * | 2022-08-13 | 2022-11-11 | 长春工业大学 | Argon-oxygen supply control equipment for refining ferrochrome and use method thereof |
| CN115325835B (en) * | 2022-08-13 | 2024-05-03 | 长春工业大学 | Argon oxygen supply control equipment for ferrochrome refining and use method thereof |
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