JPH0526489Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a position measuring device for a shield machine when a tunnel is excavated by the shield machine underground, particularly under the seabed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a tunnel is excavated by a shield machine, the position of the shield machine is constantly measured to check whether the shield machine deviates from the planned course as it excavates. The position measurement of such a shield machine is
Excavation, whether on land or under water, is carried out by underground surveying.

【0003】

[Problem to be solved by the invention] By the way, such underground surveys are carried out every time the shield machine digs a predetermined distance, but it is not possible to prevent measurement errors from occurring, and furthermore, the errors There is a problem in that when the numbers are superimposed in the same positive or negative direction, it increases and it is difficult to accurately grasp the position of the shield machine. To solve this problem, when excavating a tunnel on land, check boring is carried out from the ground in addition to the underground survey every time the shield machine digs a predetermined distance. When excavating a tunnel under the water, it is not only extremely difficult to carry out such work, but also the work efficiency is poor, and the above-mentioned problems cannot be solved.

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in conventional position measurement as described above, and to accurately and efficiently measure the position of the shield machine when excavating a tunnel under the water using the shield machine. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a position measuring device capable of

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this invention provides a light reflecting plate installed on a ship sailing on water along the scheduled course of a shield aircraft, and a light reflecting plate installed in the ground below the water bottom. a transducer that outputs elastic waves toward the shield machine digging the ground and inputs the reflected elastic waves, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and the light reflector plate located outside the planned course line. A device characterized by comprising: a distance measuring device that emits a light wave towards the object and receives the reflected light wave; and an arithmetic recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. It is. In addition, there is a light reflecting plate installed on the ship that sails on the water along the planned course of the shield machine, and a transmitter that outputs elastic waves toward the shield machine digging into the ground beneath the water, and a transmitter installed on the shield machine. a receiver for the elastic waves, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a light reflecting plate located outside the planned course line, and receives the reflected light wave. The apparatus is characterized by comprising a distance measuring and goniometer, and an arithmetic and recording device that arithmetic and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. In addition, there is a transmitter that outputs elastic waves installed on the shield machine that excavates the ground beneath the water, and a light reflector that is installed on the ship that sails on the water along the planned course of the shield machine, and the output from the shield machine. a receiver that inputs the elastic waves, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a light wave located outside the planned course line and irradiates the light wave toward the light reflecting plate;
The apparatus is characterized by comprising a distance measuring and goniometer that receives the reflected light wave, and an arithmetic and recording device that arithmetic and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. Furthermore, a light reflecting plate installed on a ship sailing on the water along the planned course of the shield machine and a shield machine digging in the ground below the waterbed output elastic waves toward the ship and reflect the reflected elastic waves. A transducer for input, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a ranging angle that is located outside the planned course line and irradiates light waves toward the light reflecting plate and receives the reflected light waves. The present invention is characterized in that it comprises a recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave.

[0006]

[Operation] In the position measuring device of this invention as described above, a light wave is irradiated from a distance measuring device installed on land to a light reflecting plate installed on a ship, and
The received reflected light waves are used to calculate the coordinate position of an elastic wave transducer installed on the ship, and this elastic wave transducer outputs elastic waves toward the shield machine.
The position of the shield machine is measured by inputting the reflected elastic waves and calculating and recording the propagation time of such elastic waves by the calculation and recording device. In this case, only the transmitter is installed on the ship and the receiver is installed on the shield machine, or conversely, the transmitter is installed on the shield machine, the receiver is installed on the ship, and then the transducer is installed on the shield machine. Even in the case where a shield machine is installed, the position of the shield machine is measured in the same way.

[0007]

Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example in which a tunnel is excavated in the ground 12 under the seabed by a shield machine 5. To the left of coastline 1 is land 2, and to the right is sea area 3
The chain line 4 indicates the reference line, that is, the planned course of the shield aircraft 5, and along this planned course 4, the ship 6
sails on the sea. The ship 6 is equipped with a probe equipped with an elastic wave transducer 7, and while the ship 6 is stationary, an elastic wave signal is sent from the transducer 7 to the shield device 5, as described later. The position of the shield device 5 is measured at the same time, but since the ship 6 moves due to swells on the sea surface while the ship 6 is stationary, and the transducer 7 also moves accordingly, the position of the transducer 7 must be constantly measured. We will explain how to measure it.

[0008] A reference point O is provided on the planned course 4 on the land 2, and distance measuring instruments 9, 9' using light waves are located at a point C which is a distance a from the reference point O, and a point D which is a distance b apart from the reference point O. is installed. On the other hand, reflectors 10 and 11 are installed at points A and B on the planned course 4 of the ship 6, which are separated by an interval e, at positions facing the range finders 9 and 9', respectively.
The distance between the mounting point A of 0 and the mounting point E of the transducer 7 is f.
is separated.

[0009] In such a device, from the distance measuring and angle measuring instruments 9, 9' at points C and D to the reflector 10 at points A and B,
11, respectively, and thereby measure the angle OCA, the angle ODB, the distance d between points C and A, and the distance c between points D and B, and combine each measurement value with the known distances a and b. From the reference point O as the origin, the planned course 4
Calculate the coordinate positions of points A and B on the XY coordinate plane whose X axis is . Since the distance e between points A and B and the distance f between points A and E are known, once the coordinate positions of points A and B are calculated, the coordinate position of point E, that is, the transducer 7, must also be calculated. Can be done. Although the position of the transducer 7 can be measured with high accuracy by providing the distance measuring and angle measuring devices 9, 9' at two locations in this way, it is also possible to provide one location.

[0010] While constantly measuring the position of the transducer 7 as described above, when the shield machine 5 is stopped, an elastic signal wave is output from the transducer 7 toward the shield machine 5, and propagates through the seawater and the ground 12. And shield machine 5
The elastic signal wave reflected by the transducer 7 is input to the transducer 7, which converts it into an electrical signal and sends it to the arithmetic and recording device on the ship 6 or on land.

[0011] In this arithmetic and recording device, after the elastic wave signal is output from the transducer 7, the transducer 7
The propagation time until input is measured, and the distance S ₁ between the shielding device 5 and the transducer 7 is calculated from the relationship between this propagation time, the density of seawater, and the density of the soil forming the ground. After measuring the distance S ₁ , the ship 6 is moved approximately along the planned course 4 until the transducer 7 is located at the chain line position, the coordinate position of the transducer 7 is measured in the same manner as above, and the transducer 7 and shield machine 5
From the two coordinate positions of the transducer 7 before and after the movement, and the relationship between the corresponding distances S ₁ and S ₂ , the coordinate position of the shield device 5 _, that is, the planned distance, is calculated. In addition to measuring the position of the shield machine 5 on the course 4, it is also possible to calculate the inclination of the axis of the shield machine 5 with respect to the planned course 4 from the measured positional relationship.

[0012] In this way, the transducer 7 is moved across three or more points, and the multiple coordinate positions of the transducer 7 and the corresponding distances S ₁ , S ₂ , etc.
By measuring the position of the shield machine 5 from ..., the accuracy can be further improved. In addition to calculating the distance between the shield device 5 and the transducer 7 using the propagation time as described above,
It can also be calculated from the attenuation rate of the level of the elastic wave signal when input to the transducer 7, and since this attenuation rate is proportional to the propagation time, the two are ultimately the same. As the elastic wave signal, a sonic wave signal or an electromagnetic wave signal is used, and its frequency is 3.5.
~20KHz, and is appropriately selected depending on the soil quality of the ground, soil cover, etc.

[0013]

[Effect of the invention] This invention is as described above, and includes a light reflecting plate provided on a ship navigating on water along the planned course of the shield aircraft, a reference point located on the planned course on land, and between the ship and a shield machine that excavates in the ground beneath the seabed, and is equipped with a distance measuring and angle measuring instrument that is located outside the planned course line and irradiates light waves toward the light reflecting plate and receives the reflected light waves; Since the position of the shield machine is measured by propagating an elastic wave back and forth at the shielding machine, and calculating and recording the propagation time or level attenuation rate of this elastic wave using a calculation and recording device,
The position of the elastic wave transmitter/receiver or the transmitter or receiver is constantly and accurately calculated, and as a result, the position of the shield machine is measured with high precision, and for this purpose underwater check boring is performed as before. The effect is that it is not necessary and the work is carried out extremely efficiently.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional plan view along a planned course of the above invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Coastline 2...Land 3... Sea area 4... Planned course 5...Shield machine 6...Ship 7... Transducer/receiver 9,9'... Distance measuring instrument 10, 11...Light reflecting plate.

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: A light reflecting plate installed on a ship navigating on water along the planned course of the shield machine, and an elastic wave that outputs an elastic wave toward the shield machine digging in the ground below the water bed, and reflects the reflected elastic wave. a transducer that inputs the information, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a distance measuring device that irradiates light waves toward the light reflecting plate located outside the planned course line and receives the reflected light waves. 1. A position measuring device for a shield machine, comprising: a corner instrument; and a calculation and recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. [Claim 2] A light reflecting plate provided on a ship navigating on water along the planned course of the shield machine, and a transmitter that outputs elastic waves toward the shield machine digging in the ground below the waterbed; The acoustic wave receiver provided on the shield machine, the reference point located on the planned course line on land, and the light reflecting plate located outside the planned course line and emit light waves, and reflect the light waves. 1. A position measuring device for a shield machine, comprising: a distance measuring device that receives a light wave; and a calculation and recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. Claim 3: A transmitter that is installed on a shield machine that excavates in the ground below the water bed and outputs elastic waves, a light reflecting plate that is installed on a ship that navigates on water along the planned course of the shield machine, and A receiver that receives the elastic waves output from the shield machine, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a light wave located outside the planned course line and irradiates the light wave toward the light reflecting plate, 1. A position measuring device for a shield machine, comprising: a distance measuring device that receives the reflected light wave; and a calculation and recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave. Claim 4: A light reflecting plate provided on a ship navigating on water along the planned course of the shield machine, and a shield machine that excavates in the ground below the water bed outputting elastic waves toward the ship. A transducer that inputs reflected elastic waves, a reference point located on the planned course line on land, and a light reflector located outside the planned course line that irradiates light waves toward the light reflector and receives the reflected light waves. 1. A position measuring device for a shield machine, comprising: a distance measuring device; and a calculation and recording device that calculates and records the propagation time or level attenuation rate of the elastic wave.