CN100519946C - River dike underwater riprap detecting method - Google Patents
River dike underwater riprap detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100519946C CN100519946C CNB2006100861631A CN200610086163A CN100519946C CN 100519946 C CN100519946 C CN 100519946C CN B2006100861631 A CNB2006100861631 A CN B2006100861631A CN 200610086163 A CN200610086163 A CN 200610086163A CN 100519946 C CN100519946 C CN 100519946C
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Abstract
Riprap of river levees underwater detection method was described: positioning using two dual-frequency GPS receiver instantaneous. a set of GPS stations located in the ground, another set of GPS stations in tracking, their receiving antenna cables in fixed detector position; using the chirp of shallow stratigraphic profile, will launch a probe into the water, and the use of navigation software for water position that the importation of the initial design Coordinate Measuring line; By design measuring line navigation, taking flight, using continuous measurement mode, real-time record measured coordinates track location map; use of shallow stratigraphic profile of underwater riprap areas Detection, stratigraphic section acoustic recordings; to track location map and stratigraphic section sound and graphics combined with a variety of conditions underwater riprap A typical shallow image control features, thereby detecting underwater riprap, without judgment Stone, a stone and the stone siltation coverage area. The invention of the underwater riprap levee provides an effective and reliable detection method to record high resolution, visual power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, be specifically related to a kind of detection method of river dike underwater dumped rockfill construction quality.
Background technology
The underwater dumped rockfill shore protection is with the piece stone in certain particle size range the embankment that washes away the location to be thrown into certain thickness block stone layer from the thalweg to the seashore, increase the impact resistance of riverbank to current, reach the purpose of poised river gesture and bank slope, be mainly used in that the dike outbeach is narrower, current scour is serious, thalweg forces bank, water front to collapse to move back serious dike section.Underwater dumped rockfill shore protection reinforcement means has been widely used in the maintenance and reinforcing of China's river dike, and this situation does not have big change at quite long from now on phase of history in period.
How controlling and evaluate the construction quality of underwater dumped rockfill, is the problem that units such as construction, design, construction, management, operational management are concerned about very much.But, construction effect for the dyke underwater dumped rockfill lacks modern, effective, reliable detection method at present: because the bank segment base of underwater dumped rockfill bank protection work originally is the strong location of River course change, current riverbed naughty rinsed or the alluvial effect very fast, riverbank form during design, landform etc. all change in time, jackstone when construction water front is long, location and metering difficulty relatively, and it is low to throw back traditional wet section measuring process complexity, precision; In addition, though GPS can carry out horizontal location and grid dividing accurately, depth-sounder emitting sound wave commonly used can not be penetrated into throws the jackstone position of sinking to when filling out under the mud, can not accurately provide the section variation after throwing before throwing herein.Therefore, the topographic map that different time sections is measured is widely different sometimes, is difficult to the jackstone quality after being completed is carried out objective evaluation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency, task of the present invention provides a kind of waterproof riprap inspection of dike---adopt the shallow seismic profile method of chirp (linear frequency modulation) technology, adopt this method can effectively penetrate the top layer silt particle of river bottom sediments, detect soil property situation under the mud, and with the log resolution height that this method obtained, intuitive is strong.
Shallow seismic profile method principle is to launch a branch of conical beam of sound by transducer under towfish, part energy was returned by underwater reflection when sound wave arrived the bottom, obtain a very strong echo (the water-bed line of corresponding sound spectrogram), part energy penetrates under the mud, in sediment deposit, continue to propagate to the depths, stratum, on the stratum in owing to the scattering and the absorption of solid matter, the portion of energy loss, wherein transducer is returned in the portion of energy backscattering, and this part has forgiven the stratum composition information.When running into the interface on stratum, can produce stronger reflection, so can reflect the hierarchy on stratum.Rely on workboat to navigate by water forward, the stratigraphic section two dimension sound spectrogram of the received signal of transducer under formation towfish on display and the thermal recorder.
The penetration depth of sub-bottom profiler emitted power decision instrument.Power is big more penetrate dark more; Resolution ratio (upper and lower interface that refers to sedimentary deposit) then depends on the frequency that instrument is launched, and frequency is high more, and resolution ratio is high more.Want to make the section plotter penetration capacity strong, must increase the energy of emission sound wave, the transmitted pulse length that promptly extends, but will cause the decline of the section plotter vertical resolution resolution ratio of bed thickness (promptly to) like this.In order to take into account penetration depth and resolution ratio, developed the chirp sub-bottom profiler in recent years, it adopts chirp (linear frequency modulation) technology, promptly launch the chirp pulse of a 2-7kHz, Δ f=5kHz, carry out matched filtering during reception, obtain the echo impulse that a pulsewidth approximates 1/ Δ f, the vertical resolution of equipment just equals c/2 Δ f (wherein c is the velocity of sound) like this, and irrelevant with the emission pulsewidth.Solved the contradiction of penetration depth and vertical resolution.Make that obtaining resolution ratio under transducer dimensions is subjected to the situation of towfish size restrictions is 0.15m, penetration depth be 20-80m (ooze) than high target.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of waterproof riprap inspection of dike, its step is as follows:
Use the instantaneous receiver of two cover GPS double frequencies, a cover is erected at the land as the GPS reference station, another set ofly is placed on the surveying vessel as the GPS rover station, and its reception antenna is fixed on the position of cable wave detector;
With the transmitting probe of sub-bottom profiler with receive the outboard (as a left side or starboard) that cable hangs over surveying vessel, put into water, use navigation software to carry out location waterborne, input design survey line initial point coordinate;
By the navigation of design survey line, the speed of a ship or plane is controlled at about 2.5 joints, adopts the mode of continuous measurement when walking to navigate, real time record measuring point coordinate flight path drawing of site; Use sub-bottom profiler that the underwater dumped rockfill district is detected, and form stratigraphic section two dimension sound spectrogram as record;
Flight path drawing of site and stratigraphic section sound spectrogram are combined, thereby detect the underwater dumped rockfill scope, judge the Wu Shi district respectively, the silt deposit area of coverage on Shi Qu and the stone is arranged.
Such scheme of the present invention can have following different concrete prioritization scheme:
1, in the described waterproof riprap inspection of dike, understand by following rule for the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram that sub-bottom profiler is noted:
The stone district is arranged, and jackstone boundary reflection phase place is discontinuous on the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram, shows as the graininess band, and its underpart is strong noise signal;
The river substratum in Wu Shi district, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram show as uniform secret note band, occur two-layer and above reflected phase will lineups sometimes;
To there being the district that falls to becoming silted up of deposition earth on the jackstone, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram upper strata is a river substratum feature, is the very dark secret note band of color, and lower floor is the jackstone feature, is the graininess band.
2, described waterproof riprap inspection of dike adopts linear scan formula shallow seismic profile instrument system, as CP931 type sub-bottom profiler.
3, the used instantaneous RTK receiver of the GPS double frequency model of described waterproof riprap inspection of dike is SR530.
After adopting such scheme, according to the testing result of concrete enforcement as can be known, this detection method can be told the boundary line in enrockment area and Wu Shi district clearly, and last clan silt district, bottom surface, opaque sandy loam river behind the jackstone, and it is low to detect cost, the efficient height, it is approaching with geological section on form to measure the acoustics record section that is obtained; After the design drawing comparison, can detect the construction quality of underwater dumped rockfill.
The present invention provides a kind of modern times, effective, reliable detection method for the construction quality of dyke underwater dumped rockfill, the log resolution height that this method obtained, and intuitive is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1～Fig. 4 is respectively several typical shallow seismic profile figure of underwater dumped rockfill: wherein,
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the contrast in enrockment area and Wu Shi district;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are enrockment area, the contrast in Yu Qu and Wu Shi district falls;
Fig. 5 is the design jackstone section corresponding with Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is design jackstone scope and sub-bottom profiler actual measurement border line comparison diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the A river dike underwater dumped rockfill shallow seismic profile of embodiment 1 detects skiagraph (selected parts 1806.3m).
The specific embodiment
Measuring in three places, is respectively A, B and C Jiang Di, and measuring purpose is to seek jackstone in the river, according to field trial relatively, determines that described sub-bottom profiler adopts high resolution mode, instrument transmitting probe and reception cable underwater penetration 0.7m.
Use navigation software to carry out location waterborne, input design survey line coordinate;
By the navigation of design survey line, the speed of a ship or plane is controlled at about 2.5 joints, adopts the mode of continuous measurement when walking to navigate, real time record measuring point coordinate; Use sub-bottom profiler that the underwater dumped rockfill district is detected, and form the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram as record.
Understand by following rule for the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram, referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 4:
The stone district is arranged, and jackstone boundary reflection phase place is discontinuous on the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram, shows as the graininess band, and its underpart is strong noise signal;
The river substratum in Wu Shi district, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram show as uniform secret note band, occur two-layer and above reflected phase will lineups sometimes;
To there being the district that falls to becoming silted up of deposition earth on the jackstone, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram upper strata is a river substratum feature, is the very dark secret note band of color, and lower floor is the jackstone feature, is the graininess band.
With stratigraphic section sound spectrogram and the combination of flight path drawing of site, can detect the situation behind the underwater dumped rockfill; After the design drawing comparison, can judge the construction quality of underwater dumped rockfill.
A river dike underwater dumped rockfill, sub-bottom profiler have detected 14 cross sections and 3 longitudinal sections along water (flow) direction altogether.Every cross section detection width 120-150m, every longitudinal section detects length 4.6-4.8km, water level elevation 6.30m during detection.Smooth pond, B saddle hill-side underwater dumped rockfill has detected 12 cross sections altogether, water level elevation 3.80m during detection.10 cross sections have been detected, water level elevation 3.60m during detection altogether by dike underwater dumped rockfill district, Ma'an Mountain old Jiao Xu river.
During detection,, measure ship and can not walk to and connect sloping stone top, can only walk to apart from connecing in the water of sloping stone 10m-15m, so sub-bottom profiler can not measure the overall with that designs jackstone because of water level of yangtze river has arrived near the low water platform.But, according to survey mark flight path coordinate, can accurately judge the position of jackstone costa in the river, so that overlap figure relatively with design jackstone position.
Referring to Fig. 5, be the design section of Fig. 1, the two is compared, as seen this section outside jackstone width deficiency.Equally, find also that in detection the actual jackstone border line of part exceeds the design border line, this may wash away relevant with historical jackstone of past and bank slope.
In view of the above, with the actual measurement jackstone border line in each cross section of the A engineering jackstone border line when being completed relatively, as seen, the actual jackstone width of partial section exceeds the design width, also has section to design the interior part of jackstone width and does not see jackstone.8 actual jackstone border lines in cross section exceed the design border line in the cross section of 14 sub-bottom profiler detections, exceed range value at 2.4～73.5m.6 actual jackstone border lines in cross section reduce range value at 6.8～18.3m less than the design border line.
Referring to Fig. 7, from figure as can be known, have in the A engineering in the partial design enrockment area and do not see jackstone, visible jackstone in the non-design enrockment area of part is arranged again.
To B engineering underwater dumped rockfill testing result be: the design enrockment area substantially all has jackstone to exist, and does not see that large tracts of land do not have the zone of jackstone.The actual jackstone border line that all detects section all exceeds the design border line, exceeds range value at 4.3-17.2m.To C engineering underwater dumped rockfill testing result be: design enrockment area (as) substantially all has jackstone to exist, and does not see that large tracts of land do not have the zone of jackstone.4 actual jackstone border lines exceed the design border line in 10 shallow seismic profiles detection sections, exceed range value at 0.2～8.3m.5 actual jackstone border lines reduce range value at 3.5～8.8m less than the design border line.
The sub-bottom profiler of three engineerings detects and shows, uses detection method of the present invention can clearly tell the boundary line in enrockment area and Wu Shi district, and last clan silt district, bottom surface, opaque sandy loam river behind the jackstone; By with the comparison of design drawing, whether up to standard detection underwater dumped rockfill scope that can be easily and effectively is.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of waterproof riprap inspection of dike, its step is as follows:
Use the instantaneous receiver of two cover GPS double frequencies, a cover is erected at the land as the GPS reference station, another set ofly is placed on the surveying vessel as the GPS rover station, and its reception antenna is fixed on the position of cable wave detector;
Adopt the sub-bottom profiler of linear frequency modulation technology, with its transmitting probe with receive the outboard that cable hangs over surveying vessel, put into water, use navigation software to carry out location waterborne, input design survey line initial coordinate;
By the navigation of design survey line, the speed of a ship or plane is controlled at about 2.5 joints, adopts the mode of continuous measurement when walking to navigate, real time record measuring point coordinate flight path drawing of site; Use sub-bottom profiler that the underwater dumped rockfill district is detected, and form stratigraphic section two dimension sound spectrogram as record;
Flight path drawing of site and stratigraphic section two dimension sound spectrogram are combined, thereby detect the underwater dumped rockfill scope, judge the Wu Shi district respectively, the silt deposit area of coverage on Shi Qu and the stone is arranged;
Understand according to the following steps for the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram that sub-bottom profiler is noted:
The stratigraphic section sound spectrogram is seen in inspection:
The stone district is arranged, and jackstone boundary reflection phase place is discontinuous on the stratigraphic section sound spectrogram, shows as the graininess band, and its underpart is strong noise signal;
The river substratum in Wu Shi district, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram show as uniform secret note band, occur two-layer and above reflected phase will lineups sometimes;
To there being the district that falls to becoming silted up of deposition earth on the jackstone, stratigraphic section sound spectrogram upper strata is a river substratum feature, is the very dark secret note band of color, and lower floor is the jackstone feature, is the graininess band.
According to the described waterproof riprap inspection of dike of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, increasing has following steps:
Compare separating stratigraphic section sound spectrogram and the design drawing read, detect the degree up to standard of underwater dumped rockfill scope.
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| CNB2006100861631A CN100519946C (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2006-09-06 | River dike underwater riprap detecting method |
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| CNB2006100861631A CN100519946C (en) | 2006-09-06 | 2006-09-06 | River dike underwater riprap detecting method |
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| CN1940185A CN1940185A (en) | 2007-04-04 |
| CN100519946C true CN100519946C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102852148A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Shallow sea region land and sea mixed rock riprap method for dynamic planning |
| CN103105158B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2015-04-15 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | Marine riprapping, flatness-tamping and positioning system |
| CN103744117B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2016-03-30 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Non-contact underwater detection method of river channel underwater foundation stone |
| CN104164893A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-26 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Slinging method |
| CN108589643A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-28 | 苏州千层茧农业科技有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetic type sand hill transmitter |
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