JPH05263352A - Nonwoven fabric for roadbed of railroad - Google Patents
Nonwoven fabric for roadbed of railroadInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05263352A JPH05263352A JP5580992A JP5580992A JPH05263352A JP H05263352 A JPH05263352 A JP H05263352A JP 5580992 A JP5580992 A JP 5580992A JP 5580992 A JP5580992 A JP 5580992A JP H05263352 A JPH05263352 A JP H05263352A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- woven fabric
- vibration
- noise
- roadbed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、鉄道の路床に防振や防
音のために敷設される鉄道路床用不織布に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-woven fabric for an iron road floor which is laid on the roadbed of a railway for vibration and sound insulation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、土木資材として不織布、織
布、編布などの繊維資材が多量に使用されている。これ
らは道路、鉄道、滑走路などの路床、路盤の土質安定、
盛土の補強、法面保護、排水、遮水など種々の目的に応
じ、各種の製品が開発されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of fiber materials such as non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics have been used as civil engineering materials. These are roads, railroads, runways, and other subgrades, soil stabilization of the roadbed,
Various products have been developed for various purposes such as embankment reinforcement, slope protection, drainage, and water blocking.
【０００３】ところで、鉄道の路床においては列車が通
過するごとにレールや枕木から周辺の砂利、盛土、高架
のコンクリート構造体を通し振動が周辺の人家などに及
び、また振動から大きな騒音となり、振動公害として社
会的な問題となっている。[0003] By the way, in the subgrade of the railway, every time a train passes, the vibration spreads from the rails or sleepers to the surrounding gravel, the embankment, and the elevated concrete structure to the surrounding houses, etc. It has become a social problem as vibration pollution.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで従来では、布様
の薄い繊維資材が路床の下に敷設しているが、前記の振
動や騒音の低減という目的に対しては殆んど役立ってい
ない。また、このような繊維資材が砂利の下に敷かれて
いた場合、繊維資材の一部が露出し、鉄道工事、列車が
ブレーキをかけたときの火花や投げ捨てタバコなどを火
源として、ときには繊維資材に着火し、延焼の恐れがあ
った。Therefore, conventionally, a cloth-like thin fiber material is laid under the roadbed, but it is hardly useful for the above-mentioned purpose of reducing vibration and noise. .. In addition, when such fiber material is laid under the gravel, part of the fiber material is exposed, and the spark is generated when the railway works or when the train brakes, or thrown tobacco. The material was ignited and there was a risk of fire spreading.
【０００５】本発明はこのような課題を解決するもの
で、振動や騒音を低減する効果に優れ、燃えにくい新規
な鉄道路床用不織布を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。The present invention is intended to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel non-woven fabric for iron road floors, which is excellent in the effect of reducing vibration and noise and is hard to burn.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、このような
新規な不織布を開発すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、本発
明に到達した。The present inventor has arrived at the present invention as a result of earnest studies for developing such a novel nonwoven fabric.
【０００７】即ち本発明は、合成繊維よりなり、ＲＯＩ
値２４以上、空隙率７５％以上、厚さ３mm以上であるこ
とを特徴とする鉄道路床用不織布を要旨とするものであ
る。以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。That is, the present invention comprises a synthetic fiber
A gist is a non-woven fabric for an iron road floor, which has a value of 24 or more, a porosity of 75% or more, and a thickness of 3 mm or more. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００８】まず主体となる合成繊維は難燃性の繊維を
選択する必要がある。これらの繊維としてはポリ塩化ビ
ニル、ポリクラール、モダクリルあるいは難燃性ポリエ
ステル繊維など不織布としたときのＬＯＩ値が２４以上
となるものが挙げられる。中でも物理的強度、耐候性な
どの見地から難燃性ポリエステル繊維を用いるのが好ま
しい。ＬＯＩ値が２４未満であると、難燃性が不足する
ので適当でない。First, it is necessary to select a flame-retardant fiber as the main synthetic fiber. Examples of these fibers include polyvinyl chloride, polyclar, modacrylic, and flame-retardant polyester fibers having a LOI value of 24 or more when formed into a non-woven fabric. Above all, it is preferable to use flame-retardant polyester fibers from the viewpoint of physical strength, weather resistance and the like. If the LOI value is less than 24, the flame retardance is insufficient, which is not suitable.
【０００９】不織布の空隙率は７５％以上とする必要が
ある。空隙率が７５％未満であると、不織布が固くなり
すぎ、振動が伝わりやすくなり好ましくない。また、不
織布の厚さは３mm以上とする必要がある。上限は特に限
定しないが、ある程度効果が飽和することと敷設工事の
作業性が低下すること、不織布の製造コストが嵩むこと
から３０mm程度迄とするのが好ましい。厚さが３mm未満
であると、衝撃を吸収する作用が少なく騒音や振動を低
減する効果が不充分であり、好ましくない。The porosity of the non-woven fabric must be 75% or more. When the porosity is less than 75%, the nonwoven fabric becomes too hard and vibration is easily transmitted, which is not preferable. Further, the thickness of the non-woven fabric needs to be 3 mm or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but it is preferably up to about 30 mm because the effect is saturated to some extent, the workability of the laying work is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the nonwoven fabric increases. When the thickness is less than 3 mm, the effect of absorbing impact is small and the effect of reducing noise and vibration is insufficient, which is not preferable.
【００１０】不織布は長繊維からなるスパンボンド不織
布であっても、短繊維からなる乾式不織布であっても差
し支えない。しかしながら、厚さ６〜７mm以上の不織布
とする場合、スパンボンド不織布では製造することが難
しいので、スパンボンド不織布の上に乾式不織布を載せ
て、ニードルパンチで絡合させたり、乾式不織布のみで
構成するのが適当である。これらの不織布は樹脂バイン
ダーや繊維状バインダーを用いて主体となる合成繊維を
互いに接着したものであっても、ニードルパンチで機械
的に交絡させた不織布であっても差し支えないが、不織
布を敷設するときの作業に耐える程度の引っ張り、引き
裂き強さは要求される。The non-woven fabric may be a spun-bonded non-woven fabric composed of long fibers or a dry non-woven fabric composed of short fibers. However, when making a nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 6 to 7 mm or more, it is difficult to produce a spunbonded nonwoven fabric. It is appropriate to do. These non-woven fabrics may be ones in which the main synthetic fibers are bonded to each other using a resin binder or a fibrous binder, or non-woven fabrics mechanically entangled with a needle punch, but the non-woven fabrics are laid. The pulling and tearing strength is high enough to withstand the current work.
【００１１】なお、主体となる合成繊維のデニールは特
に限定しないが、不織布とするときの作業上、２〜２０
０デニール位が適当である。また、不織布は線路の枕木
の下およびその近辺から路床の両側に亘る迄に適宜敷設
され、その上に砂利が敷かれて使用され、その一部が砂
利の間から露出することがあるため、美観上および耐候
性の見地から黒、茶、青などの顔料で原液着色されたも
のを用いるのが好ましい。Although the denier of the main synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, it is 2 to 20 in terms of work when forming a nonwoven fabric.
0 denier is appropriate. In addition, the non-woven fabric is appropriately laid from underneath the sleepers of the railroad and around it to both sides of the roadbed, and gravel is laid on it for use, and part of it may be exposed from between the gravel. From the viewpoint of aesthetics and weather resistance, it is preferable to use those which are undiluted with a pigment such as black, brown or blue.
【００１２】図１に本発明の不織布を鉄道路床に敷設し
た状態を示し、１は高架のコンクリートで、このコンク
リート１の上全面に本発明の不織布２が敷設され、この
不織布２の上に枕木３が固定され、枕木３と枕木３との
間およびコンクリート１の肩部における不織布２の上に
は砂利４が敷かれている。５はコンクリート１の肩部に
形成された溝、６は枕木３の上に設けられた線路であ
る。FIG. 1 shows a state in which the non-woven fabric of the present invention is laid on an iron road floor, and 1 is an elevated concrete, and the non-woven fabric 2 of the present invention is laid on the entire surface of the concrete 1, and the non-woven fabric 2 is laid on the non-woven fabric 2. The sleepers 3 are fixed, and the gravel 4 is laid between the sleepers 3 and the sleepers 3 and on the non-woven fabric 2 in the shoulder of the concrete 1. Reference numeral 5 is a groove formed in the shoulder portion of the concrete 1, and 6 is a track provided on the sleeper 3.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】本発明の不織布は鉄道路床に敷設したときに、
衝撃吸収材となって列車通過時の振動や騒音を低減する
ことができる。また、この不織布は空隙があるので透水
性が良好で雨水が速やかに排出され、路盤噴泥の発生を
防止するといった作用もある。また着火しても、ＬＯＩ
値２４以上の難燃性繊維を用いているため、燃え広がり
難い。従って、たとえ不織布が露出していても線路工事
やブレーキの火花、投げ捨てタバコといった火源に対し
て安全である。[Operation] The nonwoven fabric of the present invention, when laid on an iron road floor,
It can be used as a shock absorber to reduce vibration and noise when passing a train. In addition, since this nonwoven fabric has voids, it has good water permeability, rainwater is quickly discharged, and it also has the function of preventing the generation of roadbed sludge. Even if it ignites again, the LOI
Because it uses flame-retardant fibers with a value of 24 or more, it is difficult to burn and spread. Therefore, even if the non-woven fabric is exposed, it is safe against fire sources such as railroad work, sparks of brakes, and thrown tobacco.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、実施例によって本発明を詳しく説明す
るが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではな
い。なお、実施例に記述した諸物性の評価法は、次のと
おりである。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The evaluation methods for various physical properties described in the examples are as follows.
【００１５】(1) ＬＯＩ値 ＪＩＳ Ｋ ７２０１に規定された酸素指数法による。 (2) 空隙率 不織布の目付Ａ（ｇ／ｍ2 ）、厚さＢ（mm）を測定し、
繊維を構成するポリマーの密度Ｃ（ｇ／ｍ2 ）（ポリエ
ステルの場合は１．３８）を用いて次式に従って算出す
る。 空隙率（％）＝（１−Ａ×１０-3／Ｂ×Ｃ）×１００ (3) 振動、騒音 鉄道線路の路床全面に亘って砂利を除いて不織布を敷設
し、しかる後に不織布の上に砂利をかぶせる工事を長さ
１００ｍの区間、行なう。その後、列車通過時の振動と
騒音を線路脇の一定地点の路上に設置した地震計、騒音
計で測定し、地面の振動幅および騒音として求めた。(1) LOI value According to the oxygen index method specified in JIS K7201. (2) Porosity Measure the basis weight A (g / m 2 ) and thickness B (mm) of the nonwoven fabric,
It is calculated according to the following equation using the density C (g / m 2 ) of the polymer constituting the fiber (1.38 in the case of polyester). Porosity (%) = (1-A x 10 -3 / B x C) x 100 (3) Vibration and noise Laminated non-woven fabric over the entire roadbed of the railroad track, excluding gravel, and then over the non-woven fabric. Construction of 100m long section will be covered with gravel. After that, the vibration and noise when the train passed was measured by a seismometer and a sound level meter installed on the road at a certain point beside the track to obtain the vibration width and noise of the ground.
【００１６】実施例１ ユニチカ株式会社製の難燃性ポリエステル（登録商標ホ
ノガード、リン化合物をリン原子として５０００ｐｐｍ
となるように共重合したポリエステル）を用い、常法に
て単糸繊度２．３デニール，目付４５０ｇ／ｍ2 のスパ
ンボンド不織布を調製した。これにニードルパンチによ
る交絡を施し、厚さ５mm，空隙率９３％の不織布を得
た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は２９であり、マッチで着火
しても燃え広がらないものであった。この不織布を用
い、前記評価法の(3) の欄に記載した工事を行なって効
果を測定した。Example 1 Flame-retardant polyester manufactured by Unitika Ltd. (Registered trademark: Honoguard, 5000 ppm of phosphorus compound as phosphorus atom)
Was used to prepare a spunbonded non-woven fabric with a single yarn fineness of 2.3 denier and a basis weight of 450 g / m 2 . This was entangled with a needle punch to obtain a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 5 mm and a porosity of 93%. The LOI value of this nonwoven fabric was 29, and it did not burn and spread even when ignited by a match. Using this non-woven fabric, the construction described in the section (3) of the evaluation method was performed and the effect was measured.
【００１７】工事前の列車５回通過時の地面の振動幅の
平均値３．１mm、騒音の平均値８７ホンに対し、工事後
は地面の振動幅２．４mm、騒音平均値７９ホンで、振
動、騒音の低減効果が認められた。Before the construction, the average value of the vibration width of the ground after passing the train 5 times was 3.1 mm and the average value of the noise was 87 phon, whereas after the construction, the vibration width of the ground was 2.4 mm and the average value of the noise was 79 phon. Vibration and noise reduction effects were confirmed.
【００１８】比較例１ 実施例１においてスパンボンド不織布をさらにローラー
圧着することにより厚さ１．２mm、空隙率７３％とする
こと以外は実施例１と同様にして実施した。工事後の地
面の振動幅３．０mm、騒音平均値８５ホンで、振動、騒
音の低減効果は不十分であった。Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the spunbonded nonwoven fabric was further pressure-bonded to the roller to give a thickness of 1.2 mm and a porosity of 73%. After the construction, the vibration width of the ground was 3.0 mm and the noise average value was 85 phons, and the effect of reducing vibration and noise was insufficient.
【００１９】実施例２ ユニチカ株式会社製でカーボンの黒原着の難燃性ポリエ
ステル短繊維（６デニール、５１mm切断長）およびユニ
チカ株式会社製の熱融着ポリエステル繊維（登録商標メ
ルティ、４デニール、５１mm切断長）を７０／３０の割
合にカードで混綿した後、１５０℃で１分間、厚さを規
制しながら熱処理し、目付７００ｇ／ｍ 2 、厚さ２０mm
の短繊維不織布を得た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は２８で
あり、マッチで着火しても燃え広がらないものであっ
た。この不織布を用い、実施例１と同様に工事をしたと
ころ、工事後は地面の振動幅２．２mm、騒音平均値７８
ホンで、騒音、振動の低減効果が認められた。 実施例３ ポリクラール短繊維（４デニール、５１mm切断長）およ
び上記熱融着ポリエステル繊維（登録商標メルティ、４
デニール、５１mm切断長）を７０／３０の割合にカード
で混綿した後、１５０℃で１分間、厚さを規制しながら
熱処理し、目付７００ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ２０mmの短繊維不
織布を得た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は３１であり、マッ
チで着火しても燃え広がらないものであった。この不織
布を用い、実施例１と同様に工事をしたところ、工事後
は地面の振動幅２．２mm、騒音平均値７８ホンで、騒
音、振動の低減効果が認められた。Example 2 Flame-retardant Polycarbonate manufactured by Unitika Ltd. with carbon black
Short steal fibers (6 denier, 51 mm cut length) and uni
Chika Co., Ltd. heat fusion polyester fiber (registered trademark
Luti, 4 denier, 51 mm cutting length) 70/30%
After mixing with a card, adjust the thickness at 150 ° C for 1 minute.
Heat treatment while controlling, basis weight 700g / m 2, Thickness 20mm
A short fiber non-woven fabric was obtained. The LOI value of this non-woven fabric is 28
Yes, it does not burn even if ignited in a match.
It was When this non-woven fabric was used and construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
After the construction, the vibration width of the ground is 2.2mm and the noise average is 78.
The effect of reducing noise and vibration was confirmed with the phone. Example 3 Polyclar short fibers (4 denier, 51 mm cut length) and
And the above heat-bonded polyester fiber (registered trademark Melty, 4
Denier, 51 mm cut length) 70/30 card
After blending in, while controlling the thickness for 1 minute at 150 ℃
Heat treated and basis weight 700g / m2, 20 mm thick short fibers
I got a woven cloth. The LOI value of this non-woven fabric is 31,
It did not spread even if it was ignited with a chi. This non-woven
When construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using a cloth, after the construction
Has a vibration width of 2.2 mm on the ground and an average noise level of 78 phons.
Sound and vibration reduction effects were recognized.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の不織布は燃えに
くくて衝撃吸収性があるので、鉄道路床用不織布として
用いたとき、火源があっても安全であり、また列車通過
時の振動、騒音の低減効果が得られる。As described above, since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is hard to burn and has shock absorption, it is safe even when there is a fire source when it is used as a nonwoven fabric for iron road floors, and also when passing trains. Vibration and noise can be reduced.
【図１】本発明の不織布を鉄道路床用不織布として用い
た状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used as a nonwoven fabric for iron road floors.
１ コンクリート ２ 不織布 ３ 枕木 ４ 砂利 ５ 溝 ６ 線路 1 Concrete 2 Non-woven fabric 3 Sleepers 4 Gravel 5 Groove 6 Track
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成４年４月９日[Submission date] April 9, 1992
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】全文[Name of item to be corrected] Full text
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【書類名】 明細書[Document name] Statement
【発明の名称】 鉄道路床用不織布[Title of Invention] Nonwoven fabric for iron road floor
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、鉄道の路床に防振や防
音のために敷設される鉄道路床用不織布に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-woven fabric for an iron road floor which is laid on the roadbed of a railway for vibration and sound insulation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、土木資材として不織布、織
布、編布などの繊維資材が多量に使用されている。これ
らは道路、鉄道、滑走路などの路床、路盤の土質安定、
盛土の補強、法面保護、排水、遮水など種々の目的に応
じ、各種の製品が開発されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large amount of fiber materials such as non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics and knitted fabrics have been used as civil engineering materials. These are roads, railroads, runways, and other subgrades, soil stabilization of the roadbed,
Various products have been developed for various purposes such as embankment reinforcement, slope protection, drainage, and water shielding.
【０００３】ところで、鉄道の路床においては列車が通
過するごとにレールや枕木から周辺の砂利、盛土、高架
のコンクリート構造体を通し振動が周辺の人家などに及
び、また振動から大きな騒音となり、振動公害として社
会的な問題となっている。[0003] By the way, in the subgrade of the railway, every time a train passes, the vibration spreads from the rails or sleepers to the surrounding gravel, the embankment, and the elevated concrete structure to the surrounding houses, etc. It has become a social problem as vibration pollution.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで従来では、布様
の薄い繊維資材が路床の下に敷設しているが、前記の振
動や騒音の低減という目的に対しては殆んど役立ってい
ない。また、このような繊維資材が砂利の下に敷かれて
いた場合、繊維資材の一部が露出し、鉄道工事、列車が
ブレーキをかけたときの火花や投げ捨てタバコなどを火
源として、ときには繊維資材に着火し、延焼の恐れがあ
った。Therefore, conventionally, a cloth-like thin fiber material is laid under the roadbed, but it is hardly useful for the above-mentioned purpose of reducing vibration and noise. .. In addition, when such fiber material is laid under the gravel, part of the fiber material is exposed, and the spark is generated when the railway works or when the train brakes, or thrown tobacco. The material was ignited and there was a risk of fire spreading.
【０００５】本発明はこのような課題を解決するもの
で、振動や騒音を低減する効果に優れ、燃えにくい新規
な鉄道路床用不織布を提供することを目的とするもので
ある。The present invention is intended to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel non-woven fabric for iron road floors, which is excellent in the effect of reducing vibration and noise and is hard to burn.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、このような
新規な不織布を開発すべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、本発
明に到達した。The present inventor has arrived at the present invention as a result of earnest studies for developing such a novel nonwoven fabric.
【０００７】即ち本発明は、合成繊維よりなり、ＬＯＩ
値２４以上、空隙率７５％以上、厚さ３mm以上であるこ
とを特徴とする鉄道路床用不織布を要旨とするものであ
る。以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。That is, the present invention is made of synthetic fiber and has a LOI
A gist is a non-woven fabric for an iron road floor, which has a value of 24 or more, a porosity of 75% or more, and a thickness of 3 mm or more. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００８】まず主体となる合成繊維は難燃性の繊維を
選択する必要がある。これらの繊維としてはポリ塩化ビ
ニル、ポリクラール、モダクリルあるいは難燃性ポリエ
ステル繊維あるいはポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン繊維
などオレフィン糸繊維に難燃加工したものなど不織布と
したときのＬＯＩ値が２４以上となるものが挙げられ
る。中でも物理的強度、耐候性などの見地から難燃性ポ
リエステル繊維を用いるのが好ましい。ＬＯＩ値が２４
未満であると、難燃性が不足するので適当でない。First, it is necessary to select a flame-retardant fiber as the main synthetic fiber. Examples of these fibers include those having a LOI value of 24 or more when formed into a non-woven fabric such as polyvinyl chloride, polyclar, modacrylic, flame-retardant polyester fiber, or olefin yarn fiber such as polyethylene or polypropylene fiber, which is flame-retarded. .. Above all, it is preferable to use flame-retardant polyester fibers from the viewpoint of physical strength, weather resistance and the like. LOI value is 24
If it is less than the above range, the flame retardance is insufficient, which is not suitable.
【０００９】不織布の空隙率は７５％以上とする必要が
ある。空隙率が７５％未満であると、不織布が固くなり
すぎ、振動が伝わりやすくなり好ましくない。また、不
織布の厚さは３mm以上とする必要がある。上限は特に限
定しないが、ある程度効果が飽和することと敷設工事の
作業性が低下すること、不織布の製造コストが嵩むこと
から３０mm程度迄とするのが好ましい。厚さが３mm未満
であると、衝撃を吸収する作用が少なく騒音や振動を低
減する効果が不充分であり、好ましくない。The porosity of the non-woven fabric must be 75% or more. When the porosity is less than 75%, the nonwoven fabric becomes too hard and vibration is easily transmitted, which is not preferable. Further, the thickness of the non-woven fabric needs to be 3 mm or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but it is preferably up to about 30 mm because the effect is saturated to some extent, the workability of the laying work is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the nonwoven fabric increases. When the thickness is less than 3 mm, the effect of absorbing impact is small and the effect of reducing noise and vibration is insufficient, which is not preferable.
【００１０】不織布は長繊維からなるスパンボンド不織
布であっても、短繊維からなる乾式不織布であっても差
し支えない。しかしながら、厚さ６〜７mm以上の不織布
とする場合、スパンボンド不織布では製造することが難
しいので、スパンボンド不織布の上に乾式不織布を載せ
て、ニードルパンチで絡合させたり、乾式不織布のみで
構成するのが適当である。これらの不織布は樹脂バイン
ダーや繊維状バインダーを用いて主体となる合成繊維を
互いに接着したものであっても、ニードルパンチで機械
的に交絡させた不織布であっても差し支えないが、不織
布を敷設するときの作業に耐える程度の引っ張り、引き
裂き強さは要求される。The non-woven fabric may be a spun-bonded non-woven fabric composed of long fibers or a dry non-woven fabric composed of short fibers. However, when making a nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 6 to 7 mm or more, it is difficult to produce a spunbonded nonwoven fabric. It is appropriate to do. These non-woven fabrics may be those in which synthetic fibers, which are the main constituents of the non-woven fabrics, are bonded to each other using a resin binder or a fibrous binder, or non-woven fabrics mechanically entangled with a needle punch, but the non-woven fabrics are laid. The pulling and tearing strength is high enough to withstand the current work.
【００１１】なお、主体となる合成繊維のデニールは特
に限定しないが、不織布とするときの作業上、２〜２０
０デニール位が適当である。また、不織布は線路の枕木
の下およびその近辺から路床の両側に亘る迄に適宜敷設
され、その上に砂利が敷かれて使用され、その一部が砂
利の間から露出することがあるため、美観上および耐候
性の見地から黒、茶、青などの顔料で原液着色されたも
のを用いるのが好ましい。Although the denier of the main synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, it is 2 to 20 in terms of work when forming a nonwoven fabric.
0 denier is appropriate. In addition, the non-woven fabric is appropriately laid from underneath the sleepers of the railroad and around it to both sides of the roadbed, and gravel is laid on it for use, and part of it may be exposed from between the gravel. From the viewpoint of aesthetics and weather resistance, it is preferable to use those which are undiluted with a pigment such as black, brown or blue.
【００１２】図１に本発明の不織布を鉄道路床に敷設し
た状態を示し、１は高架のコンクリートで、このコンク
リート１の上全面に本発明の不織布２が敷設され、この
不織布２の上に枕木３が固定され、枕木３と枕木３との
間およびコンクリート１の肩部における不織布２の上に
は砂利４が敷かれている。５はコンクリート１の肩部に
形成された溝、６は枕木３の上に設けられた線路であ
る。FIG. 1 shows a state in which the non-woven fabric of the present invention is laid on an iron road floor, and 1 is an elevated concrete, and the non-woven fabric 2 of the present invention is laid on the entire surface of the concrete 1, and the non-woven fabric 2 is laid on the non-woven fabric 2. The sleepers 3 are fixed, and the gravel 4 is laid between the sleepers 3 and the sleepers 3 and on the non-woven fabric 2 in the shoulder of the concrete 1. Reference numeral 5 is a groove formed in the shoulder portion of the concrete 1, and 6 is a track provided on the sleeper 3.
【００１３】[0013]
【作用】本発明の不織布は鉄道路床に敷設したときに、
衝撃吸収材となって列車通過時の振動や騒音を低減する
ことができる。また、この不織布は空隙があるので透水
性が良好で雨水が速やかに排出され、路盤噴泥の発生を
防止するといった作用もある。また着火しても、ＬＯＩ
値２４以上の難燃性繊維を用いているため、燃え広がり
難い。従って、たとえ不織布が露出していても線路工事
やブレーキの火花、投げ捨てタバコといった火源に対し
て安全である。[Operation] The nonwoven fabric of the present invention, when laid on an iron road floor,
It can be used as a shock absorber to reduce vibration and noise when passing a train. Further, since this non-woven fabric has voids, it has good water permeability, rainwater is quickly discharged, and there is also an effect of preventing the generation of roadbed sludge. Even if it ignites again, the LOI
Because it uses flame-retardant fibers with a value of 24 or more, it is difficult to burn and spread. Therefore, even if the non-woven fabric is exposed, it is safe against fire sources such as railroad work, sparks of brakes, and thrown tobacco.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】以下、実施例によって本発明を詳しく説明す
るが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではな
い。なお、実施例に記述した諸物性の評価法は、次のと
おりである。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The evaluation methods for various physical properties described in the examples are as follows.
【００１５】(1) ＬＯＩ値 ＪＩＳ Ｋ ７２０１に規定された酸素指数法による。 (2) 空隙率 不織布の目付Ａ（ｇ／ｍ2 ）、厚さＢ（mm）を測定し、
繊維を構成するポリマーの密度Ｃ（ｇ／ｃｍ3 ）（ポリ
エステルの場合は１．３８）を用いて次式に従って算出
する。 空隙率（％）＝（１−Ａ×１０-3／Ｂ×Ｃ）×１００ (3) 振動、騒音 鉄道線路の路床全面に亘って砂利を除いて不織布を敷設
し、しかる後に不織布の上に砂利をかぶせる工事を長さ
１００ｍの区間、行なう。その後、列車通過時の振動と
騒音を線路脇の一定地点の路上に設置した地震計、騒音
計で測定し、地面の振動幅および騒音として求めた。(1) LOI value According to the oxygen index method specified in JIS K7201. (2) Porosity Measure the basis weight A (g / m 2 ) and thickness B (mm) of the nonwoven fabric,
It is calculated according to the following formula using the density C (g / cm 3 ) of the polymer constituting the fiber (1.38 in the case of polyester). Porosity (%) = (1-A x 10 -3 / B x C) x 100 (3) Vibration and noise Laminated non-woven fabric over the entire roadbed of the railroad track, excluding gravel, and then over the non-woven fabric. Construction of 100m long section will be covered with gravel. After that, the vibration and noise when the train passed was measured by a seismometer and a sound level meter installed on the road at a certain point beside the track to obtain the vibration width and noise of the ground.
【００１６】実施例１ ユニチカ株式会社製の難燃性ポリエステル（登録商標ホ
ノガード、リン化合物をリン原子として５０００ｐｐｍ
となるように共重合したポリエステル）を用い、常法に
て単糸繊度２．３デニール，目付４５０ｇ／ｍ2 のスパ
ンボンド不織布を調製した。これにニードルパンチによ
る交絡を施し、厚さ５mm，空隙率９３％の不織布を得
た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は２９であり、マッチで着火
しても燃え広がらないものであった。この不織布を用
い、前記評価法の(3) の欄に記載した工事を行なって効
果を測定した。Example 1 Flame-retardant polyester manufactured by Unitika Ltd. (Registered trademark: Honoguard, 5000 ppm of phosphorus compound as phosphorus atom)
Was used to prepare a spunbonded non-woven fabric with a single yarn fineness of 2.3 denier and a basis weight of 450 g / m 2 . This was entangled with a needle punch to obtain a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 5 mm and a porosity of 93%. The LOI value of this nonwoven fabric was 29, and it did not burn and spread even when ignited by a match. Using this non-woven fabric, the construction described in the section (3) of the evaluation method was performed and the effect was measured.
【００１７】工事前の列車５回通過時の地面の振動幅の
平均値３．１mm、騒音の平均値８７ホンに対し、工事後
は地面の振動幅２．４mm、騒音平均値７９ホンで、振
動、騒音の低減効果が認められた。Before the construction, the average value of the vibration width of the ground after passing the train 5 times was 3.1 mm and the average value of the noise was 87 phon, whereas after the construction, the vibration width of the ground was 2.4 mm and the average value of the noise was 79 phon. Vibration and noise reduction effects were confirmed.
【００１８】比較例１ 実施例１においてスパンボンド不織布をさらにローラー
圧着することにより厚さ１．２mm、空隙率７３％とする
こと以外は実施例１と同様にして実施した。工事後の地
面の振動幅３．０mm、騒音平均値８５ホンで、振動、騒
音の低減効果は不十分であった。Comparative Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the spunbonded nonwoven fabric was further pressure-bonded to the roller to give a thickness of 1.2 mm and a porosity of 73%. After the construction, the vibration width of the ground was 3.0 mm and the noise average value was 85 phons, and the effect of reducing vibration and noise was insufficient.
【００１９】実施例２ ユニチカ株式会社製でカーボンの黒原着の難燃性ポリエ
ステル短繊維（６デニール、５１mm切断長）およびユニ
チカ株式会社製の熱融着ポリエステル繊維（登録商標メ
ルティ、４デニール、５１mm切断長）を７０／３０の割
合にカードで混綿した後、１５０℃で１分間、厚さを規
制しながら熱処理し、目付７００ｇ／ｍ 2 、厚さ２０mm
の短繊維不織布を得た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は２８で
あり、マッチで着火しても燃え広がらないものであっ
た。この不織布を用い、実施例１と同様に工事をしたと
ころ、工事後は地面の振動幅２．２mm、騒音平均値７８
ホンで、騒音、振動の低減効果が認められた。Example 2 Flame-retardant Polycarbonate manufactured by Unitika Ltd. with carbon black
Short steal fibers (6 denier, 51 mm cut length) and uni
Chika Co., Ltd. heat fusion polyester fiber (registered trademark
Luti, 4 denier, 51 mm cutting length) 70/30%
After mixing with a card, adjust the thickness at 150 ° C for 1 minute.
Heat treatment while controlling, basis weight 700g / m 2, Thickness 20mm
A short fiber non-woven fabric was obtained. The LOI value of this non-woven fabric is 28
Yes, it does not burn even if ignited in a match.
It was When this non-woven fabric was used and construction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
After the construction, the vibration width of the ground is 2.2mm and the noise average is 78.
The effect of reducing noise and vibration was confirmed with the phone.
【００２０】実施例３ ポリクラール短繊維（４デニール、５１mm切断長）およ
び上記熱融着ポリエステル繊維（登録商標メルティ、４
デニール、５１mm切断長）を７０／３０の割合にカード
で混綿した後、１５０℃で１分間、厚さを規制しながら
熱処理し、目付７００ｇ／ｍ2 、厚さ２０mmの短繊維不
織布を得た。この不織布のＬＯＩ値は３１であり、マッ
チで着火しても燃え広がらないものであった。この不織
布を用い、実施例１と同様に工事をしたところ、工事後
は地面の振動幅２．２mm、騒音平均値７８ホンで、騒
音、振動の低減効果が認められた。Example 3 Polyclar short fibers (4 denier, 51 mm cut length) and the above heat-bonded polyester fibers (registered trademark Melty, 4)
Denier, 51 mm cut length) was mixed with a card at a ratio of 70/30, and then heat-treated at 150 ° C. for 1 minute while controlling the thickness to obtain a short fiber nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 700 g / m 2 and a thickness of 20 mm. .. The LOI value of this nonwoven fabric was 31, and it did not burn and spread even when ignited by a match. When this non-woven fabric was used and construction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, after the construction, the vibration width of the ground was 2.2 mm and the noise average value was 78 phons, and noise and vibration reduction effects were recognized.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の不織布は燃えに
くくて衝撃吸収性があるので、鉄道路床用不織布として
用いたとき、火源があっても安全であり、また列車通過
時の振動、騒音の低減効果が得られる。As described above, since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is hard to burn and has shock absorption, it is safe even when there is a fire source when it is used as a nonwoven fabric for iron road floors, and when passing trains. Vibration and noise can be reduced.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】本発明の不織布を鉄道路床用不織布として用い
た状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used as a nonwoven fabric for iron road floors.
【符号の説明】 １ コンクリート ２ 不織布 ３ 枕木 ４ 砂利 ５ 溝 ６ 線路[Explanation of symbols] 1 Concrete 2 Non-woven fabric 3 Sleepers 4 Gravel 5 Groove 6 Track
Claims (1)
空隙率７５％以上、厚さ３mm以上であることを特徴とす
る鉄道路床用不織布。1. A synthetic fiber having an ROI value of 24 or more,
A nonwoven fabric for iron road floors, which has a porosity of 75% or more and a thickness of 3 mm or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4055809A JP2881354B2 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Non-woven fabric for railway floor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4055809A JP2881354B2 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Non-woven fabric for railway floor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05263352A true JPH05263352A (en) | 1993-10-12 |
| JP2881354B2 JP2881354B2 (en) | 1999-04-12 |
Family
ID=13009257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4055809A Expired - Fee Related JP2881354B2 (en) | 1992-03-16 | 1992-03-16 | Non-woven fabric for railway floor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2881354B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3078285B1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2023-09-08 | Gerflor | MULTI-LAYER STRUCTURE FOR PRODUCING A FLOOR COVERING |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5065648A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-06-03 | ||
| JPH01174661A (en) * | 1987-12-29 | 1989-07-11 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Nonwoven fiber mat form |
| JPH03182277A (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-08-08 | Toray Living Kk | Mat, and laying and constructing method thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-03-16 JP JP4055809A patent/JP2881354B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5065648A (en) * | 1973-10-18 | 1975-06-03 | ||
| JPH01174661A (en) * | 1987-12-29 | 1989-07-11 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Nonwoven fiber mat form |
| JPH03182277A (en) * | 1989-12-12 | 1991-08-08 | Toray Living Kk | Mat, and laying and constructing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2881354B2 (en) | 1999-04-12 |
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