JPH05256431A - Waste incinerating and melting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate a re-processing of a clinker and improve an iron recoverying rate by a method wherein combustion ashes in a municipal waste incinerating device are fed to a crushing machine, the clinker is crushed, irons and the like in the ashes are magnetically selected and removed from the ashes and then the remaining ashes are melted. CONSTITUTION:Waste a within a waste hopper 6 are passed through a drying stoker 7, a combustion stoker 8 and a post-combustion stoker 9, become combustion ashes B and finally fed to a crushing machine 3. Combustion ashes B of normal size and irons D are dropped from some clearances of a fixed grid 11. Clinkers C are left on the fixed grid 11, sheared by a movable grid 12 and thereafter pass through the fixed grid 11. These combustion ashes B are dropped into a magnetic selector 14 through a damper 18, irons D are magnetically selected and then the irons D are discharged by a conveyor 17. The combustion ashes with the irons being removed therefrom are dropped into a melting furnace 5 and melted there. Then, the ashes are dropped into a water-sealed conveyor 23 as slag E.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a refuse incineration / melting apparatus used when incinerating municipal solid waste and melting the incinerated ash.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, the amount of municipal waste and industrial wastes has increased rapidly, and the amount of municipal waste is about 500 in 1989.
It is said that the amount of industrial waste is about 375 million tons / year, and the amount of municipal solid waste is 7
The percentage increase is shown. On the other hand, the landfill of incinerated ash is about 4 years for municipal waste and about 1 year for industrial waste.
The tight landfill is in danger. The volume of municipal solid waste becomes 10% or less due to incineration, but the recent situation calls for further volume reduction and at the same time, detoxification of heavy metals, dioxins, etc. in the incinerated ash is required. The incineration ash is becoming more molten. That is, by melting the incinerated ash, the volume is reduced to 3% or less of the original refuse, dioxins are decomposed, and most of the heavy metals are sublimed and concentrated by a bag filter installed after the melting furnace. To be collected. Since the remaining incinerated ash is vitrified into slag, the remaining heavy metals are contained, and the ash does not elute into water or acid.
Therefore, it can be used for landfill or reused as aggregate or the like without any problem. As a melting furnace for melting the incineration ash, there are an electric furnace and a surface melting furnace. The electric furnace also melts iron (a magnetic substance such as iron, hereinafter simply referred to as iron) in the incinerated ash, but the cost of electricity is high. The surface melting furnace heats and melts the surface of the incineration ash by using an oil burner, but if iron is not removed in advance, molten iron solids will be formed, and when slag is discharged, it will be cooled and hardened to a large solidification. It becomes a thing and gives an obstacle to the conveyor etc. Therefore, it is necessary to remove it while entering the melting furnace from the incinerator, and the higher the removal rate, the smoother the operation.
There are two types of arrangements for the melting furnace: a stand-alone type that is completely separated from the incinerator, and a direct type that is directly connected after the incinerator. In the case of a stand-alone type, a method of separately installing an incinerator ash crusher, a magnetic separator, a sifter, etc. and connecting with a conveyor is adopted, but it requires a large space, the building volume is large, and the cost is increased. Become. In addition, because of the arrangement, the conveyors move up and down, which complicates the system. In the case of the direct connection type, it is necessary to treat the clinker and iron in the incinerator ash between the incinerator ash discharge part of the incinerator and the incinerator ash supply part of the melting furnace. It is necessary to put it together in a compact state. In terms of cost, it is cheaper than the stand-alone type, and since incinerator ash in a high temperature state is melted, it is also advantageous in terms of energy. Conventionally, as a direct coupling type refuse incineration and melting apparatus using a surface melting furnace, for example, one described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-196412 is known. This is basically an incinerator that incinerates waste, a removal machine that removes clinker in the incinerator ash from the incinerator, a magnetic separator that removes iron in the incinerator ash from the incinerator, and the removal. And a melting furnace that melts incinerated ash that has passed through a magnetic separator. Thus, the incineration ash from the refuse incinerator is melted in the melting furnace after removing the clinker and irons by the removing machine and the magnetic separator. However, in such clinker, irons are often held in the removed clinker, and the clinker needs to be reprocessed, and the recovery rate of irons is not good.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was devised to solve the above problems in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for reprocessing the clinker, and It is to provide a refuse incinerator / melting device that can improve the recovery rate of irons.

[0004]

The refuse incinerator / melting apparatus of the present invention basically comprises an incinerator for incinerating refuse, a crusher for crushing clinker in incinerator ash from the incinerator, and a crusher. It is characterized in that it is composed of a magnetic separator that removes irons from the incinerated ash and a melting furnace that melts the incinerated ash from the magnetic separator.

[0005]

[Operation] Waste is sent to an incinerator and incinerated. The incineration ash from the incinerator is sent to a crusher to crush the clinker in it. The incinerated ash from the crusher is sent to the magnetic separator to remove iron contained therein. The incineration ash from the magnetic separator is sent to the melting furnace and melted. Since the clinker is crushed by the crusher and the iron contained therein is removed by the magnetic separator, the iron recovery rate is improved.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a refuse incinerator / melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an enlarged main part of FIG. The refuse incineration / melting apparatus 1 is mainly composed of an incinerator 2, a crusher 3, a magnetic separator 4, and a melting furnace 5. The incinerator 2 incinerates the waste A, and in this example, includes a waste hopper 6, a drying stoker 7, an incinerator stoker 8, and a post-combustion stoker 9. The post-combustion stoker 9 is configured to reciprocate by the drive mechanism 10. The crusher 3 crushes the clinker C in the incineration ash B from the incinerator 2, and in this example, the fixed grid 1
1, a movable lattice 12 which can be swung with respect thereto, and a drive mechanism 13 such as a hydraulic cylinder for swinging the movable lattice 12, which are of a shear type. The shearing operation of the crusher 3 is linked with the reciprocating motion of the post combustion stoker 9 of the incinerator 2. That is, the post-combustion stoker 9 reciprocates to incinerate ash B.
The movable clincher 12 is swung and the clinker C is sheared each time the clinker C is supplied onto the fixed lattice 11. The magnetic separator 4 removes the irons D in the incineration ash B from the crusher 3, and in this example, the drum-type primary magnetic separator that removes the irons D in the incineration ash B from the crusher 3. 14, a secondary magnetic separator 15 of the same drum type for further removing irons D in the incinerated ash B, a double damper 16 for discharging the irons D from these while sealing them, and irons in the future It is provided with an iron discharging conveyor 17 for discharging D to the outside. Crusher 3
A damper 18 is provided between the magnetic separator 4 and the magnetic separator 4.
This is an emergency bypass damper, and the incinerator ash B from the crusher 3 is always guided to the magnetic separator 4 while being set to the solid line position in FIG. 1, and the chain line position in FIG. The incinerated ash B from the crusher 3 is discharged to the outside from the iron discharging conveyor 17 via the double damper 16 provided below this. The melting furnace 5 melts the incinerated ash B from the magnetic separator 4, and in this example, an ash bunker 19 that temporarily stores the incinerated ash B from the magnetic separator 4.
The incineration ash B here was quantitatively extruded into the hearth 20 in a fixed amount, the burner 22 that heats and melts the surface of the incineration ash B extruded into the hearth 20, and the incineration ash B is melted. Water-sealed conveyor 23 for discharging slag E to the outside
It has and. An ash leveler 24, 25, 2 for detecting the layer level of the incinerated ash B over three steps is provided in the ash bunker 19.
6 are provided, and the drive mechanism 10 of the post-combustion stoker 9, the drive mechanism 13 of the crusher 3 and the drive mechanism of the constant quantity supply feeder 21 (not shown) are controlled by the controller 27 based on the detection levels based on these. Is controlled. next,
The operation will be described based on such a configuration. The waste A thrown into the waste hopper 6 of the incinerator 2 becomes the incineration ash B through the dry stoker 7, the combustion stoker 8, and the post-combustion stoker 9, and enters the shredder 3. Although the incinerated ash B of a normal size and the iron B such as the iron can fall through the gaps of the fixed grid 11,
The clinker C remains on the fixed lattice 11. The clinker C is sheared by the movable lattice 12 that is swung by the drive mechanism 13 and becomes disjointed, and falls from the gap of the fixed lattice 11. The movable grid 12 is interlocked with the post-combustion stoker 9 of the incinerator 2, and when the post-combustion stoker 9 reciprocates, the incineration ash B falls, so the post-combustion stoker 9 is temporarily stopped, and thereafter The movable grid 12 swings once, and this operation is repeated. The incinerated ash B from the crusher 3 slides down on the damper 18 at the solid line position in FIG.
Is selected according to. First, the primary magnetic separator 14 separates the irons D therein. Further, in the incineration ash B that has passed through the primary magnetic separator 14, irons D therein are separated by the secondary magnetic separator 15, and the magnetic separation efficiency is perfected. The irons D pass through the double damper 16 and are discharged to the outside by the irons discharge conveyor 17. On the other hand, the incinerated ash B that has passed through the magnetic separator 4 is once stored in the ash bunker 19 of the melting furnace 5, and the fixed amount supply feeder 21
Is pushed onto the hearth 20 by the burner 2 from the upper ceiling.
The surface is melted by the heating of 2, and is dropped into slag E in the water-sealed conveyor 23 and discharged to the outside. The post-combustion stoker 9 of the incinerator 2 also serves to store the incinerated ash B, and the upper, middle, and lower ash level meters 24, 2 in the ash bunker 19
The post-combustion stoker 9 reciprocates by the controller 27 based on the signals from 5, 26, and the crusher 3 is driven in conjunction with this. According to such a refuse incineration and melting apparatus 1, the incinerator 2 and the melting furnace 5 are directly connected to each other, and the incineration ash B and the iron D
Since it is reliably separated from the
The cost is low and the recycling rate of iron D is improved.

Although the magnetic separator 4 is provided in two stages in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this and may be one stage or three or more stages.

[0008]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following excellent effects can be achieved. (1) Consists of an incinerator, a crusher, a magnetic separator, and a melting furnace,
Above all, between the incinerator and the melting furnace, a crusher for crushing the clinker in the incinerator ash from the incinerator and a magnetic separator for removing iron in the incinerator ash from here were installed. It is not necessary to reprocess, and the recovery rate of irons can be improved. (2) Since only the irons in the incineration ash are removed and melted, the melting rate of the incineration ash is improved and the volume reduction rate of dust can be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a refuse incineration / melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing an enlarged main part of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... refuse incineration and melting device, 2 ... incinerator, 3 ... crusher, 4 ...
Magnetic separator, 5 ... Melting furnace, 6 ... Garbage hopper, 7 ... Drying stoker, 8 ... Incineration stoker, 9 ... Post-combustion stoker, 10 ... Driving mechanism, 11 ... Fixed lattice, 12 ... Movable lattice, 13 ... Driving mechanism, 14 ... primary magnetic separator, 15 ... secondary magnetic separator, 16 ... double damper, 17 ... iron discharge conveyor, 18 ... damper, 1
9 ... Ash bunker, 20 ... Hearth, 21 ... Fixed amount feeder,
22 ... Burner, 24-26 ... Ash level meter, 27 ... Controller, A ... Garbage, B ... Incinerated ash, C ... Clinker, D ... Irons,
E ... Slag.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An incinerator for incinerating refuse, a crusher for crushing clinker in incinerator ash from the incinerator, a magnetic separator for removing iron in the incinerator ash from the crusher, and a magnetic separator. A refuse incinerator / melting device characterized by comprising a melting furnace for melting incinerated ash. 2. The crusher is of a shear type having a fixed grid and a movable grid swingable with respect to the fixed grid, and the shearing operation and the reciprocating motion of the post combustion stoker of the incinerator are interlocked.
Waste incineration and melting device described.